technology overview for w3c wot group...alarms are traditionally connected through gsm to central...
TRANSCRIPT
Technology Overview for W3C WoT Group
Juan Carlos ZUNIGA
Senior Standardization Expert – Sigfox
10.07.17
1 INTRODUCTION
2 USE CASES AND DEPLOYMENTS
3 TECHNOLOGY
4 KEY FEATURES
5 IoT: CONNECTING THE “I” WITH THE “T”
2
INTRODUCTION
▪ Sigfox, Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) and Massive IoT
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3
A dream of disruption to make things come alive
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“Time flies! It’s already been more than five years that we
have been chasing our dream to change the world with a
crazy idea to connect the physical world to the Internet,
consuming as little energy as possible and as simply as
possible.
Today we are making it a reality, with hundreds of millions of
messages already transmitted and received via the Sigfox
Network, which continues to deploy around the globe.
This is what we like to call the “Power of Low,” which fully
embodies the meaning of the Internet of Things – a huge
revolution without precedent. We’re excited about where all
this is headed, and we hope you’re excited about it too!”
Ludovic Le Moan
CEO Sigfox
Christophe Fourtet
CSO Sigfox
KEY GOALS FOR MASSIVE IoT
Ultra Low Cost (Devices and Network)
Ultra Low Current Drain
Ultra High Capacity – Scalability
Global Simplicity
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HIGH
CAPACITY
GLOBAL
SIMPLICITY
COST
EFFECTIVE
ENERGY EFFICIENT
SIGFOX IS A LOW POWER WIDE AREA NETWORKcomplementing existing networks to address the bulk of connected objects
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802.11ah
PAN WANLAN
2G3G4G LTE-M 5G NB-IoT
LPWAN requirements
LPWAN definition
▪ High density of objects▪ Reduced H/W cost▪ Reduced connectivity cost▪ Low data rates▪ Constrained latency
SCALE
ENERGY & COST EFFICIENCY PUBLIC
CONNECTIVITYPERSONAL & PRIVATE NETWORKS
WHERE WE ARE IN THE IoT CHAINA network to transport data from connected objects to the customer IT systems
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Ecosystempartners
• Royalty free license
• Certifies integration
• Certifies device • Builds and operates
the network with
regional SNO partners
• Provides Internet
connectivity
• Provides API
• Certifies platform
compatibility
• Provides API
• Certifies application
compatibility
• Data storage
• Big Data analytics
• Vertical specific
solutions and
intelligence
• Integrate Sigfox
connectivity module
into product
• Sell and support
cheap and
compatible H/W for
Sigfox network
Connectivityprovider
Platformproviders
Devicemakers
Chip & modulevendors
Vertical Application
Sigfox
USE CASES AND DEPLOYMENTS
3▪ Customer stories▪ Country deployments▪ Sigfox Foundation
Assisted Living Box
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The city council of Loiret in France, which supports financially medical
cares for seniors, was regularly overcharged by care service providers.
With the ageing population, there is a need for solutions to help seniors
staying at home longer without their relatives worrying too much.
▪ The ROI was reached within
the first 6 months thanks to
the savings of 3 million € per
year, which represent 10%
of their budget. The total
cost of the project was 1.5
million €.
▪ The adoption rate was 97%
among the seniors.
▪ The social isolation broke
down and services quality
went up.
The Lysbox helps monitoring service
providers and automate the billing based
on the actual time spent with the seniors.
It also sends alerts to neighbors or
families in case of a heat wave or cold
spell detected through the temperature
sensor of the device.
Finally, seniors can also call for help
thanks to the emergency button on the
device.
Challenge
BenefitsSolution
MANAGE PEOPLE
REMOTLY
SECURE BETTERHome Alarm System
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Alarms are traditionally connected through GSM to central system and
burglar intrusion can be facilitated by GSM jammers. There is a need for
effective backup connectivity to ensure more robust alarm transmissions.
▪ Robustness of solution is a
commercial differentiator
▪ Continuity of service
▪ Soft deployment via over the
air update - no HW swap. No
user impact
▪ Network available to handle
millions of devices
Sigfox has upgraded Securitas
Direct’s alarm systems to provide a
back-up connectivity in case
jamming is detected.
The upgrade was possible over the
air as a Sub-GHz chip was already
inside.
Challenge
BenefitsSolution
Alternative partners for this application
SECURE BETTERSmoke Detector
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Alarms are traditionally connected through GSM to central system and
burglar intrusion can be facilitated by GSM jammers. There is a need for
effective backup connectivity to ensure more robust alarm transmissions.
▪ A Unique Selling Proposition:
▪ Easy to install
▪ Secure data transmission
▪ Proof of function
▪ 5+ year battery life
▪ TAM: 12 million policy holders
Connected smoke detectors to
increase safety
Regular status (heartbeat) monitors
check sensors are functioning
correctly
Real time alerts through phone calls,
SMS, and emails
Distribution through retail and
insurance companies
Challenge
BenefitsSolution
Alternative partners for this application
OPTIMIZE YOUR
RESSOURCES
Precision Agriculture
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Irrigation & usage of fertilizers are based on the intuition of the farmer and
represent a big part of its operating costs.
▪ Save water resources
▪ Decrease operating cost by
using no more water and
fertilizers than what is
actually needed
▪ Micromanagement of the
parcel
▪ Improve production
quantity and quality
GreenCityZen offers the HummBox, a
continuous measurement solution for
the monitoring of environmental data.
Hummbox is an energy and
communication means stand-alone
solutions, very simple to deploy and
interoperable. The HummBox brings
immediate benefits such as reduced
costs of field trips, improved process
performance and help to enrich service
offerings ect leaks and water waste.
Challenge
BenefitsSolution
Thanks to our IoT solutions, we enable to unlock 5 main business benefits…
Control quality of delivery (SLA, humidity, temperature, shock)
Identify responsibility of assets and localization off site
Ensure recovery of lost assets
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Increase security for remote facilities, assets & people
Complement existing connectivity with an anti-jamming solution2
Ensure uptime with predictive & reactive maintenance
Optimize your maintenance routes
Automate replenishment
3
Control your providers, patients, employees remotely 4
Get more out of your assets, energy & people5
TRACKING
MOVING ASSET
REINFORCING SECURITY
IMPROVING UPTIME
MANAGING PEOPLE
REMOTELY
OPTIMIZING
RESOURCES
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Sigfox network relies on Sigfox Operators that provide the network coverage in countries
IOT Malta Ltd.
IOT Net Mexico
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Sigfox and Operators offer to customers an ecosystem on which all objects can be connected
1,000
10,000
1,000,000,000
1
100
Network
Channel Partners
Customers
Objects
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Sigfox Foundation
TECHNOLOGY
▪ Ultra narrow band▪ Random access▪ Cooperative reception▪ Small messages▪ Bi-directional▪ Cloud-based Core Network
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ULTRA NARROW BAND RANDOM ACCESS COOPERATIVE RECEPTION
SIGFOX CLOUDCORE
SMALL MESSAGES PIGGYBACK BI-DIR
ULTRA NARROW BAND (EU)
100Hz wide in a 200 kHz band
DBPSK
High spectrum efficiency 1bit/s = 1Hz of bandwidth
✓
✓
✓
RANDOM ACCESS
Unsynchronized transmission
Random frequency
SIGFOX Base stations permanently listen to the spectrum
3 replicas of the same frame @ 3 frequencies
✓
✓
✓
✓
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COOPERATIVE RECEPTION
Message received by 3 Base Stations in average
Spatial diversity decreases collision probability
MIMO like Approach
✓
✓
✓
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1 % duty cycle for ObjectsUp to 6 messages/hour
UPLINK12-byte payload
- Sensor data- Event status- GPS fix- Application data
DOWNLINK8-byte payload
- Action / actuator trigger- Device management- Application parameter setting
10 % duty cycle for Base Stations4 guaranteed downlink msg/day
SIGFOX CLOUD
SMALL MESSAGESto answer the cost & autonomy constraints of remote objects
6 bytes: GPS coordinates
2 bytes: temperature reporting
1 byte: speed reporting
1 byte: object state reporting
0 byte: heartbeat (object keepalive)
Payload size examples
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DEVICE DRIVEN BI-DIRECTIONAL
Downlink requested by the device to the network
Delay of 20 seconds – 25 seconds downlink window
Downlink frequency derived from uplink frequency
✓
✓
✓
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SIGFOX CLOUD-BASED CORE
Centralized Authentication & Message Forwarding
Flat RAN Architecture
✓
✓
KEY FEATURES▪ High energy efficiency▪ Long range▪ Simple connectivity▪ Secure
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HIGH ENERGY EFFICIENCYto offer maximum autonomy to remote objects
Designed to maximize energy efficiency
No pairing / network attachment required
15 to 45 mA during a few seconds (25mW; 14dB) depending on the chip and the size of the payload
Idle consumption: negligible
Idle state
Communication state
6 nA
30 mA
Current
Time
~6 sec
99.x% of the time
✓
✓
✓
✓
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VERY LONG RANGEto quickly offer great coverage at minimum cost
Constant output power and low data rate provide comfortable link budget and long range
Good coverage due to the use of sub-1GHz bands
Modulation Data-rate (bps)
Tx Power Compound TXAntenna Gain
Compound RX Antenna Gain
RX sensitivity Link Budget
Uplink (ETSI) DBPSK 100 +14 dBm 0dB +6dB -142dBm +162dB
Downlink(ETSI)
GFSK 600 +27 dBm +6dB 0dB -130dBm +163dB
Uplink (FCC) DBPSK 600 +22 dBm 0dB 0dB -134 dBm +156dB
Downlink (FCC)
GFSK 600 +30 dBm 0dB 0dB -129 dBm +159dB
✓
✓
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Registration Installation Data
PROVISIONING PLUG AND PLAY CLOUD
The protocol works in a mono-directional way,
requiring no synchronization with the network
All user data is available tough a unique cloud with
standard APIs
Maintenance
LIMITED MAINTENANCE
Thanks to the long autonomy of the objects, and the
predictability of the battery life, battery
replacements can be minimized and easily
maintained
Register devices into SIGFOX cloud.
Device subscription starts when the first message is
sent
OUT OF THE BOX CONNECTIVITY
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THE RIGHT LEVEL OF SECURITYto protect what matters, where it matters
SIGFOX SECURITY IS A PROCESS – SECURITY BY DEFAULT
AUTHENTICATIONINTEGRITYITYPRIVACY
STRONG SECURITY MECHANISMS AT THE HEART OF THE COMMUNICATION SOLUTION
CONNECTING THE ‘I’ WITH THE ‘T’▪ Standards and interoperability at application level▪ Privacy and security-by-design▪ Collaborative security▪ Multi-stakeholder policy approach
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KEY ENABLERS TO LINK THE “T” AND THE “I”
Standards-based application-level interoperability
Collaborative approach to security
Multi-stakeholder policy development
Privacy-by-design practices✓
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✓
✓
✓
INTEROPERABILITY AT APPLICATION LEVEL
IETF
• Developing Internet protocols, from Layer 3 (IPv6) up to Application Layer (HTTP, CoAP)
• Full set of protocols for the IoT, including data representations, interaction models, security, etc.
LPWAN WG
• Defining interworking functions such as:
• common network layer,
• management features,
• security features, and
• application profiles
✓
✓
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BnB Demonstration at IETF 98 Chicago and Hackathon at IETF 99 Prague
• IPv6/CoAP over LPWAN demonstration
• https://www.sigfox.com/en/news/sigfox-pioneers-internet-things-interoperability-further-accelerate-mass-market-adoption
• Interoperability of SCHC implementations over Sigfox and LoRa
• https://www.ietf.org/registration/MeetingWiki/wiki/99hackathon
✓
INTEROPERABILITY AT APPLICATION LEVEL
PRIVACY
Narrow: focused on individuals
Broad: any information related to an individual that can identify him/her, directly or indirectly, may be relevant
Note that standards are limited to what can be addressed in protocol design - vs. deployment and operation
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Identification
Correlation
Secondary use
Disclosure
Exclusion
Surveillance
Stored data compromise
Intrusion
Misattribution
Scope
Threats
PIIs IN THE INTERNET OF “THINGS”
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Personally Identifiable Information (PII)
PRIVACY BY DESIGN (PbD)
Need to embrace PbD principles:
• Proactive not reactive
• Privacy as the default setting
• Privacy embedded into design
• Full functionality – positive-sum, not zero-sum
• End-to-end security – full lifecycle protection
• Visibility and transparency – keep it open
• Respect for user privacy – keep it user-centric
36REF: https://www.ipc.on.ca/privacy/protecting-personal-information/privacy-by-design/
SIGFOX’S APPROACH TO SECURITY AND PRIVACY
Certification programs
• Applied to modules, devices and cloud platforms
Resiliency to botnets and tempered-with devices
• Blocking and blacklisting capabilities at the cloud
Privacy-friendly practices
• Anonymization of data collected and retained
Strong security features
• Authentication, data integrity and ity
• Secure APIs
• Different levels of security available depending on the criticality and type of application
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✓
✓
✓
✓
CONSIDERATIONS FOR IoT DEVELOPMENTfostering potential economic and societal benefits, while addressing associated challenges
Promotion of Internet and data-infrastructure growth
• Refrain from mandating technical approaches to IoT – Instead encourage open, voluntary IoT standards to support innovation
• Promote efficient and very low cost use of wireless spectrum to allow for economy of scale, e.g. licensed-exempt, technology neutral, and harmonized over several regions
Multi-stakeholder approach to policy discussions
• Including policy makers, standards bodies, service providers, network operators, infrastructure manufacturers, device manufacturers, and end users
Collaborative approach to security
• Empower players to address security issues close to where they occur, instead of centralizing responsibility amongst a few
• Promote inclusiveness/transparency, collective responsibility, effective decision-making /implementation, collaboration
Promote responsible design practices
• Encourage security-by-design and privacy-by-design practices to maintain user’s trust in technology38
