technology in action chapter 3 1 using the www internet basics internet data internet service...

Technology In Action Chapter 3

1

Using the WWW

• Internet basics

• Internet data

• Internet service providers

• Web browsers

• URLs

• Hyperlinks

NEXT SLIDE


2

More Topics

• Search engines and subject directories

• Internet communications

• E-commerce

• Internet multimedia

• The Internet’s future

NEXT SLIDE


3

The Internet: The Basics

• Origin of the Internet

• The Web vs. the Internet

• Clients and servers

• Connecting to the Internet

NEXT SLIDE


4

The Origin of the Internet

• ARPANET:– Advanced Research Projects Agency Network– Funded by the US Government in the 1960s– Allowed computers to communicate with each

other over great distances

NEXT SLIDE


Internet Communications

• E-mail

• Instant messaging

• Group communication

• Social networking

• Web logs and video logs

• Wikis

• Podcasts

• Webcasts 5


6

The Web vs. The Internet

• The World Wide Web (WWW):– Part of the Internet– Hypertext Markup Language

(HTML) used to create Web pages– Hyperlinks connect Web pages to

each other• 1989: Web invented by Tim Berners-Lee• 1993: Mosaic browser released• 1994: Netscape Navigator marked beginning of the

Web’s major growth• 1997: Internet access was global

E-mailInstant messagingFTPNewsgroupsOther services

WWW

The Internet

NEXT SLIDE


7

Internet ---Client and Server• The Internet is (mostly) a client/server network • Client computer:

– Users connect to the Internet– Request data and Web pages

• Server computers– Store Web pages and data– Return the requested data to the client

Server

Client

NEXT SLIDE


CONNECTION TO THE INTERNET-

What are the options????

8


9

Broadband Connections• Cable :

– Uses TV coaxial cable– Fast connection speed (300kbps – 4mbps)– Speed depends on number of users– Not available in all areas– Requires a cable modem

Cable modem

Coaxial cable

NEXT SLIDE


10

Broadband Connections• DSL:

– Digital subscriber line– Uses telephone line– Phone and Internet share line– Faster than dial-up (128kbps – 1.5mbps)– Requires DSL modem– More costly than dial-up– Types of DSL:

• ADSL• SDSL

NEXT SLIDE


11

Broadband Connections

• Satellite:– Uses a satellite dish and coaxial cable– Download speed 400kbps– Upload speed 56kbps– Signal is affected by location and weather

NEXT SLIDE


Wireless Access

• Increases mobility and productivity

• Requires a WiFi hotspot• If device is not wireless-ready,

wireless adaptors are available• Aircards provide wireless access

through mobile devices when a WiFi hotspot is not available

12


13

Dial-up (old and slow)

• Dial-up connections: (not many people have any more)– Uses standard telephone line– Least costly connection– Requires a modem

• Converts analog and digital signals

– Slowest connection speed (56kbps)Internal modem

External modem

NEXT SLIDE


14

Comparing Internet Connection Options

Connection Option

Data Transfer Rate Monthly Costs

Additional Equipment

Additional Fees

Dial-Up 56kbps Local phone rates

Dial-up modem

$0

DSL (ADSL) 128kbps upload

8.45mbps download

$?? DSL Modem Installation –cost of router

DSL (SDSL) 1.5mbps $?? DSL modem Installation – cost of router

Cable 128-384kbps upload

1-3mbps download

$?? Cable modem

Installation – cost of router

Satellite 56kbps upload

400kbps download

$?? Satellite dish Installation – cost of equipment

NEXT SLIDE


15

Internet Service Providers• ISP:

– Internet service provider

– Provide user access to the Internet

– National, regional or local companies

• OSP:– Online service

provider– Provide online

proprietary content as well as Internet access

– AOL, CompuServe, MSN

NEXT SLIDE


16

Choosing an ISP

• Factors to consider:– Cost– Local access numbers– E-mail options– Trial period– Customer service

NEXT SLIDE


17

Navigating the Web: Web Browsers

• Computer software

• Graphical

• Enables Web navigation

• Popular browsers:– Internet Explorer– Netscape Navigator

• Yahoo, Google

NEXT SLIDE


Popular Web Browsers– Microsoft Internet Explorer– Mozilla Firefox– Apple Safari– Google Chrome

18


Browser Features

• Quick Tabs: Show thumbnail images of all open Web pages in open tabs

• Tabbed browsing: Multiple pages available in the same browser window

• Built-in search engine(s)

19


20

Browser Toolbars

Back/ForwardStop and Reload/RefreshAddress barPrint Home Search Favorites or Bookmark

Click to compare toolbars

NEXT SLIDE


21

Getting Around the Web

• Web sites

• URLs

• Hyperlinks

• Favorites and Bookmarks

NEXT SLIDE


22

Web Sites

• Web site:– Collection of related Web pages– First page known as Home or Index page

• Web page:– HTML document

• Text and graphics

– Unique address– Hyperlinks

Home page

Related pages

NEXT SLIDE


23

URL

• URL:– Uniform Resource Locator– Unique Web page address

URL http://

Protocol identifies the means of access

www.nytimes.com/

Domain name contains the host and top-level domain

Pages/cartoons/

Path identifies the subdirectories

within the Web site

NEXT SLIDE


Top-Level Domains

24

Domain Name Who Can Use the Domain Name

.biz Businesses

.com Originally for commercial sites but can be used by anyone now

.edu Degree-granting institutions

.gov Local, state, and United States government

.info Information service providers

.mil United States military

.name Individuals

.net Originally for networking organizations but no longer restricted

.org Organizations (often nonprofits)


25

Hyperlinks • Provide access to other Web pages

• Specially coded text or graphics

• Cursor becomes a hand with finger pointing upward

NEXT SLIDE


26

Favorites and Bookmarks

• List created of favorite Web pages

• Easy method of returning to Web pages

• Internet Explorer uses Favorites

• Netscape uses Bookmarks

Internet Explorer

Netscape Navigator

NEXT SLIDE


Favorites and Bookmarks

• Allow you to return to Web pages– Favorites (Internet Explorer and Safari)– Bookmarks (Firefox and Google Chrome)

• Stay up to date– Live bookmarks (Firefox)

• Organize and share– Social bookmarking sites

2727


28

Search Engines and Subject Directories

Search Engines• Searches for

keywords• Returns a list of Web

pages• Popular search

engines:– Yahoo– Google– Bing

Subject Directories• Web pages organized

by topics and subtopics

• Popular subject directories:– Yahoo– MSN

NEXT SLIDE


29

Evaluating Web Sites

• Who is the author of the article or Web site sponsor?

• What audience is the site geared toward?

• Is the site biased?

• Is the information current?

• Are links available?

NEXT SLIDE


30

Communicating Through the Internet

• E-mail

• Weblogs

• Chat rooms

• Instant messaging

• Newsgroups

NEXT SLIDE


31

E-mail

• Electronic mail

• Primary means of communication

• E-mail accounts– Client-based– Web-based

• Spam – Prevention

NEXT SLIDE


E-mail Etiquette

• Be concise and to the point• Use spell-check• Avoid texting abbreviations• Include meaningful subject line• Use smilies sparingly to convey emotion• Include signature line with contact

information• Do not type in all capital letters, which is

interpreted as shouting32


Group Communication

• Social networks

• Wikis

• Podcasts and webcasts

• Chat rooms

• Newsgroups

• Blogs and vlogs

33


Social Networks

• Used to communicate and share information among immediate friends, and meet and connect with others through common interests, experiences, and friends – Examples: Facebook and MySpace

• Members communicate by voice, chat, IM, and videoconference

• Growth has been explosive34


Twitter

• Social networking and microblogging service that enables you to exchange short text messages in real time with your friends or “followers”

• Twitter messages, called tweets, are limited to 140 characters

• Businesses are using Twitter to respond to customer queries, or to broadcast new services or products

35


Wikis

• Wikis: Web sites that allow anyone to change their content – Provide a source for collaborative writing– Eliminate exchanging e-mails– Track revisions

36


Webcasts

• Webcasts: Broadcasts of audio or video content over the Internet– Often live– Delivered to your computer– Use streaming media

37


Podcasts

• Podcasts: Compressed audio or video files distributed on the Internet

• Really Simple Syndication (RSS) technology allows constant updates for subscribers

• Podcasts are all over the Web – Need “aggregator” software to gather podcasts– Need media player software to play them

• Simple to create38


Instant Messaging

• Real-time, text-based conversations• Personal and business uses• List of contacts: buddy list• IM software detects members’ presence • Example: AOL Instant Messenger

39


Blogs and Vlogs

• Personal journals posted on the Web• Weblogs: Blogs

– Primarily text-based– Simple to create, read, and manage– Entries listed on a single page, with most

recent entry at the top– Searchable

• Video logs: Vlogs– Digital video clips playable on media player

software40


41

Weblogs

• Known as blogs

• Personal logs or journal entries posted on the Web

• Available to the public

NEXT SLIDE


42

Chat Rooms

• Real time text based conversations

• Rooms focus on specific topics or interests

• Identity protection– Username

NEXT SLIDE


43

Newsgroups

• Online discussion forums

• Post and reply to messages

NEXT SLIDE


44

Instant Messaging

• Real time text based conversations

• Set up a list of contacts– Buddy list

• Contacts must be online

• AOL Instant Messenger

NEXT SLIDE


45

Conducting Business Over the Internet

• E-Commerce:– Electronic commerce– Business-to-consumer (B2C)– Business-to-business (B2B)– Consumer-to-consumer (C2C)– Secure transactions

Manufacturer

Suppliers

Retailer

B2BE-commerce

NEXT SLIDE


46

Cookies

• Text files stored on client computers when visiting Web sites

• Used on return visits to Web sites

• Unique ID number• Personal information

remembered• Privacy risk

– Selling information

NEXT SLIDE


Secure Web Sites

• Display:– VeriSign seal (do not

rely on this alone)– Closed padlock or key

icon

• URL changes from http:// to https://

47


Online Shopping Guidelines

• Shop at well-known, reputable sites

• Avoid making online transactions when using public computers

• Pay by credit card, not debit card

• Check the return policy

48


49

Web Entertainment

• Multimedia:– Involves forms of media and text

• Graphics• Audio• Video

– Streaming audio and video– Plug-in

NEXT SLIDE


50

Future of the Internet• Large Scale Networking

(LSN):– Research and development of

cutting-edge networking and wireless technologies

• Internet2:– Project sponsored by

universities, government, and industry to develop new Internet technologies

– Transmission speed of 9.6Gbps

NEXT SLIDE


51

An Interplanetary Internet

NEXT SLIDE

technology in action chapter 3 1 using the www internet basics internet data internet service...

Documents

slide slide

action chapter

internet access

internet arpanet

internet clients

internet request data

internet share line

web pages hyperlinks