technical details and sample calculationssquare piles used in building foundations to the 66 in. ......
TRANSCRIPT
PRESTRESSED PILING
TECHNICAL DETAILS AND SAMPLE CALCULATIONS
Prestressed Piling
Prestressed concrete piling are vital elements in the foundations of buildings, bridges and marine structures throughout the world. They vary in size from 10 in. (254 mm) square piles used in building foundations to the 66 in. (1676 mm) diameter cylinder piles used in marine structures and bridges. Many areas of North America have poor soil conditions requiring pile foundations for even relatively light structures. In such areas, prestressed concrete piling have come to be the usual method of construction, having been proven the logical choice of materials where permanence, durability and economy must be considered. Heavy marine structures often rely on prestressed concrete piling driven through deep water or through deep layers of unsuitable material for their support. Prestressed concrete piling can be designed to safely support these heavy loads as well as lateral loads caused by wind, waves and earthquakes. In marine environments these piles can resist corrosion caused by salt water and by thousands of cycles of wetting and drying.1
The following pages contain the specifications and service load interaction diagrams for the majority of the standard pile sizes for Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc. This information is to be used to assist engineers in the design of their projects. This manual is not intended to replace the necessity of a profession engineered design.
1 Recommended Practice for Design, Manufacture and Installation of Prestressed Concrete Piling, PCI Committee on Prestressed Concrete Piling, Mar-Apr 1993
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 12 " x 12 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
6000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 4
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
6/9/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 12x12A5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 12"x12" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 100 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 12 inchesb = 12 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 142 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 4Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 6000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,463,151 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
6/9/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 12x12A - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 12"x12" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 150 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 12 inchesb = 12 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 142 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 8Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 7000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,820,754 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
6/9/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 12x12B - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 12"x12" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 12 " x 12 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
7000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 8
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
6/9/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 12x12B5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 12"x12" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 150 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 14 inchesb = 14 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 194 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 4Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 6000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,463,151 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
6/9/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 14x14A - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 14"x14" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 14 " x 14 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
6000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 4
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
6/9/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 14x14A5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 14"x14" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 250 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 14 inchesb = 14 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 194 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 8Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 7000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,820,754 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
6/9/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 14x14B - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 14"x14" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 14 " x 14 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
7000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 8
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
6/9/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 14x14B5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 14"x14" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 250 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 16 inchesb = 16 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 254 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 8Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 5000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,074,281 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 16 " x 16 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
5000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 8
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 400 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 16 inchesb = 16 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 254 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 12Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 7000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,820,754 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16B - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 16 " x 16 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
7000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 12
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16B5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 400 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 18 inchesb = 18 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 332 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 10Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 5000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,074,281 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 18x18A - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 18"x18" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 18 " x 18 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
5000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 10
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 18x18A5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 18"x18" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 575 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 18 inchesb = 18 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 332 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 12Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 7000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,820,754 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 18x18B - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 18"x18" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0 200.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 18 " x 18 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
7000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 12
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0 200.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 18x18B5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 18"x18" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 500 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 20 inchesb = 20 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 398 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 16Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 6000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,463,151 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 20x20A - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 20"x20" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0 200.0 220.0 240.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 20 " x 20 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
6000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 16
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0 160.0 180.0 200.0 220.0 240.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 20x20A5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 20"x20" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 800 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 20 inchesb = 20 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 398 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 16Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 8000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4500 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 5,153,603 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,865,202 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 20x20B - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 20"x20" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 240.0 280.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 20 " x 20 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
8000 psi Size =
4500 psi Qty. = 16
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 240.0 280.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 20x20B5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 20"x20" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 800 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 24 inchesb = 24 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 574 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 20Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 6000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,463,151 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 24x24A - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 24"x24" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐600
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 240.0 280.0 320.0 360.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 24 " x 24 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
6000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 20
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐600
‐400
‐200
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 240.0 280.0 320.0 360.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 24x24A5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 24"x24" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 1200 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 24 inchesb = 24 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 574 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 20Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 8000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4500 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 5,153,603 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,865,202 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 24x24B - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 24"x24" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐600
‐200
200
600
1,000
1,400
1,800
2,200
0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 240.0 280.0 320.0 360.0 400.0 440.0 480.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 24 " x 24 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
8000 psi Size =
4500 psi Qty. = 20
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐600
‐200
200
600
1,000
1,400
1,800
2,200
0.0 40.0 80.0 120.0 160.0 200.0 240.0 280.0 320.0 360.0 400.0 440.0 480.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 24x24B5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 24"x24" Pile, Type B
STANDARD PILING
Design Criteria1) Service Load Design.2) Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.45f'c for SUSTAINED LOADS.3) Allowable Tension Stress = 0 for SUSTAINED LOADS.4) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Compressive Stress = 0.60f'c.5) For TEMPORARY LOADS, Allowable Tension Stress = 0.6) Assume a sustained compression service load equal to: 250 kips.7) Use PCI method for estimating prestress losses.8) Bending is about principle axes AND only one axis at a time.9) Slenderness is not considered.10) Ultimate capacity must be checked to ensure the required factor of safety is achieved in accordance with ACI 318.
Design InputSection Size:
h = 16 inchesb = 16 inches
Section Area (accounting for chamfers, radii, etc.):Ag = 254 square inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Design Criteria and Input
g q
Prestressing Strand:Type = 270 ksi, LolaxSize = 1/2" (std.)Qty. = 8Area = 0.153 square inches per strandPull = 75% (initial)
Concrete:wc = 145 pcf (concrete weight)f'c = 5000 psi (28‐day Concrete Compressive Strength)f'ci = 4000 psi (Required Concrete Release Strength)Ec = 4,074,281 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at 28‐days)Eci = 3,644,147 psi (concrete modulus of elasticity at transfer of prestress)
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A - info.5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Sample Calculations
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Points for Service Load Interaction Diagram ‐ Sustained LoadsEffective Force in Strand, Feff
Feff = 24,729 lbs
Effective Prestress in Pile, σefffpc = 779 psi
Point 1 ‐ Upper Boundary (Compression Only, No Bending → M1 = 0)
P1/A + M1/S + fpc = 0.45f'cA = 254 square inchesM1 = 0S = 683 inches^3
P1 = 373,666 lbs
Point 2 ‐ Compression with Minimum Eccentricity (5%)P2/A + M2/S + fpc = 0.45f'c
emin = 0.80 (minimum eccentricity)
M2 = 0.80 P lb*inches
P2 = 287,955 lbs
M2 = 19.2 kip*feet
Point 3 ‐ Crossover From Compression to Tension ControlsPart A: P3/A + M3/S + fpc = 0.45f'cPart B: P3/A ‐ M3/S + fpc = 0 OR P3 = A[(M/S) ‐ fpc]
Rewrite Part A: A[(M3/S) ‐ fpc]/A + M3/S + fpc = 0.45f'cSolve for M3:
M3 = 768,000 kip*inches
M3 = 64.0 kip*feet
Solve for P3:
P3 = A[(M3/S) ‐ fpc]
P3 = 87,916 lbs
Point 4 ‐ Tension Controls and M = 0P4/A ‐ 0/S + fpc = 0
P4 = ‐197,834 lbs
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A_025700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Sample Calculations
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Points for Service Load Interaction Diagram ‐ Sustained + Temporary LoadsEffective Force in Strand, Feff
Feff = 24,729 lbs
Effective Prestress in Pile, σeffσeff = 779 psi
Point 1 ‐ Upper Boundary (Compression Only, No Bending)P1/A + M1/S + fpc = 0.60f'c
A = 254 square inchesM1 = 0S = 683 inches^3
P1 = 564,166 lbs
Point 2 ‐ Compression with Minimum Eccentricity (5%)P2/A + M2/S + fpc = 0.60f'c
emin = 0.80 (minimum eccentricity)
M2 = 0.80 P lb*inches
P2 = 434,758 lbs
M2 = 29.0 kip*feet
P i t 3 C F C i t T i C t lPoint 3 ‐ Crossover From Compression to Tension ControlsPart A: P3/A + M3/S + fpc = 0.60f'cPart B: P3/A ‐ M3/S + fpc = 0 OR P3 = A[(M/S) ‐ fpc]
Rewrite Part A: A[(M3/S) ‐ fpc]/A + M3/S + fpc = 0.60f'cSolve for M3:
M3 = 1,024,000 kip*inches
M3 = 85.3 kip*feet
Solve for P3:
P3 = A[(M3/S) ‐ fpc]
P3 = 183,166 lbs
Point 4 ‐ Tension Controls and M = 0P4/A ‐ 0/S + fpc = 0
P4 = ‐197,834 lbs
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A_035700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Sample Calculations
Diagram Points ‐ Sustained + Temp. LoadsP1 = 373,666 lbs P1 = 564,166 lbs
M1 = 0.0 kip*feet M1 = 0.0 kip*feet
P2 = 287,955 lbs P2 = 434,758 lbs
M2 = 19.2 kip*feet M2 = 29.0 kip*feet
P3 = 87,916 lbs P3 = 183,166 lbs
M3 = 64.0 kip*feet M3 = 85.3 kip*feet
P4 = ‐197,834 lbs P4 = ‐197,834 lbs
M4 = 0.0 kip*feet M4 = 0.0 kip*feet
Standard Building Code Equation for Maximum Axial LoadPmax = (0.33f'c ‐ 0.27fpc)Ag
Pmax = 365,685 lbs
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Points for Service Load Interaction Diagram
Diagram Points ‐ Sustained Loads
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A_045700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Sample Calculations
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Service Load Interaction Diagram
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
Pile Size = 16 " x 16 "Prestressing Strand
Normal Weight Type = 270 ksi, Lolax
5000 psi Size =
4000 psi Qty. = 8
Area = 0.153 in2
Pull = 75%
Concrete
1/2" (std.)
‐300
‐200
‐100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0
Service Axial Loa
d (kips)
Service Bending Moment (kip*feet)
Service Load Interaction Diagram
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A5700 IH 35 South, San Marcos, TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels.com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Sample Calculations
PCI 6th Ed. Handbook 4.7.3
Prestress LossesTL = ES + CR + SH + RE TL = Total Losses (psi)PCI Eq. 4.7.3.1 ES = Elastic Shortening (psi)
CR = Creep of Concrete (psi)SH = Shrinkage of Concrete (psi)RE = Relaxation of Tendons (psi)
Elastic Shortening (ES)ES = KesEpsfcir / Eci Kes = 1.0 for pretensioned members
PCI Eq. 4.7.3.2 Eps = 28,500,000 psi
Eci = 3,644,147 psi
fcir = Kcir*[Pi/Ag + Pi*e2/Ig] ‐ Mg*e/Ig (PCI Eq. 4.7.3.3)
Kcir = 0.9 for pretensioned members
Pi = 247,860 lbs
Ag = 254 square inchese = 0 inchesIg = 5,461 inches4
Mg = 0 kip*inches
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Prestress Loss Calculations
Mg 0 kip inchesfcir = 878 psi
ES = 6,869 psi
Creep of Concrete (CR)CR = Kcr(Eps/Ec)(fcir + fcds) Kcr = 2.0 Normal Weight Concrete
PCI Eq. 4.7.3.4 Ec = 4,074,281 psi
fcds = Pd/Ag + Msd(e)/Ig PCI Eq. 4.7.3.5
Msd = 0 kip*inches
fcds = 984 psiCR = 26,057 psi
Shrinkage of Concrete (SH)SH = (8.2 x 10‐6)KshEps(1 ‐ 0.06V/S)(100 ‐ R.H.)
PCI Eq. 4.7.3.6 Ksh = 1.0 for pretensioned membersV/S = 4.00 inchesR.H. = 75 % PCI Fig. 3.10.12
SH = 4,440 psi
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A_065700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.396.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Sample Calculations
PCI 6th Ed. Handbook 4.7.3
Prestress Losses (continued)
Relaxation of Tendons (RE)RE = [Kre ‐ J(SH + CR + ES)]C Kre = 5,000 for 270 ksi, Lolax StrandPCI Eq. 4.7.3.7 PCI Table 4.7.3.1
J = 0.040 for 270 ksi, Lolax StrandPCI Table 4.7.3.1
fpi/fpu = 0.75
C = 1.00See Table Below
RE = 3,505 psi
fpi/fpu C‐Value0.80 1.280.79 1.220.78 1.160.77 1.110.76 1.050.75 1.000.74 0.95
Precast/Prestressed Piling: Prestress Loss Calculations
For Lolax Strand
0.74 0.950.73 0.900.72 0.850.71 0.800.70 0.750.69 0.700.68 0.660.67 0.610.66 0.570.65 0.530.64 0.490.63 0.450.62 0.410.61 0.370.60 0.33
Total Losses, TLTL = 40,871 psi
DATE
2/12/2010BY SHEET
cK Structural 16x16A_075700 IH 35 South, San Marcos , TX 78666, phone, 512.386.2376, www.heldenfels .com
Heldenfels Enterprises, Inc.
Engineering Department 16"x16" Pile, Type A
STANDARD PILING
Sample Calculations