teaching vietnamese through songs dr. trang le vietnamese language program coordinator csu fullerton

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TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

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Page 1: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

TEACHING VIETNAMESE

THROUGH SONGSDr. Trang LeVietnamese Language Program CoordinatorCSU Fullerton

Page 2: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

THE USE OF SONGS IN TEACHING

+ During the Medieval period.

• Songs: used to teach Latin. Through songs, students practiced pronunciation, syllables, and intonation patterns.

• Songs: an effective means to educate Christians and arouse their passion for the religion.

(Kelly 1969)

+ In 1905: The British Educational Council suggested that not only English songs but also German and French songs translated into English should be used to teach students.

(Opie & Opie 1985)

Page 3: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

THE IMPORTANCE OF SONGS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

• Infants’ musical babbling and parents’ musical responses precede and help develop young children’s language.

• It is usually easier to sing a language than to speak it.

• Songs create a relaxing atmosphere and are easy to remember

• The melody of songs can arouse students’ artistic emotion and feelings.

(Murphey 1992)

• Songs replace motherese or baby talk for children when they become teenagers or adults

(Murphey & Albert (1985)

Page 4: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

THE IMPORTANCE OF SONGS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING

• Songs are a universal tool that can connect all languages and cultures. • Songs are one of the most motivating resources in the classroom

(Simon 2015)

• Songs tend to create students’ interest in language learning.• Songs are a great source of grammar, vocabulary, and culture that can be used to

teach the target language. • Songs and music can be heard in so many places (restaurants and cafes, shopping

malls, cars, home, social and sport events, etc.) but are rare at school.

(Murphey 1990)

Page 5: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

ACTIVITIES DONE WITH SONGS IN LANGUAGE TEACHING

(MURPHEY 1992)

• Teach grammar

• Teach vocabulary

• Teach pronunciation, intonation, and stress

• Do choral repetition

• Teach listening and reading comprehension

• Dictate a song

• Translate songs

Page 6: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

ACTIVITIES DONE WITH SONGS IN LANGUAGE TEACHING (TIM MURPHEY 1992)

• Write song lyrics, articles about songs, or letters to singers

• Write dialogues using the words of a song

• Teach culture

• Break the routine

• Energize or relax classes mentally

• Have fun by singing songs

Page 7: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

HOW TO CHOOSE A SONG TO TEACH?

• What you want your class to learn from the song (a grammar structure? vocabulary? Expressions? culture?)

• Consider the level of your class

• Consider your students’ age

• Song access (youtube, CD, DVD, MP3, etc.)

(Simpson 2015)

Page 8: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

HOW TO CHOOSE A SONG TO TEACH?

• Lower level

Lyrics: popular and easy to understand

Grammar: simple

Melody and beat: easy to remember

• Upper level

Popular songs

Page 9: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

SOME SUGGESTED ACTIVITIES

Page 10: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

TEXT COMPLETION AND CONSTRUCTION

• Level: All levels• Time: 5 – 15 minutes• Aim: To improve listening comprehension, reading, guessing, and

composition skills• Preparation

+ Choose a song appropriate to the language level of the class+ Find a recording of it and type out the lyrics, leaving out some words or phrases+ You may want to focus on a particular word-class (verbs, prepositions,

adjectives, etc.).

Page 11: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

TEXT COMPLETION AND CONSTRUCTION

In class

• Distribute copies of the song with blanks. Students work in pairs to read the text for overall comprehension and try to guess the missing words.

• Play the recording for students to fill in the missing words.

• Ask them to give the answers. If there is disagreement or doubt over a given word/phrase, play this section again until the doubt/disagreement is resolved.

Page 12: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

TEXT COMPLETION AND CONSTRUCTION

Example

Thu vàng

Chiều hôm qua lang thang trên đườngHoàng hôn xuống, chiều thắm muôn hương____________ hôm qua mình tôi bâng khuângCó mùa Thu về, tơ ___________ vương vương Một mình đi lang thang trên đường____________ hiu hắt và nhớ bâng khuângLòng xa xôi và sầu mênh mông.Có nghe lá vàng não nề _____________ không?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VX3_4qf1yrA

Page 13: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

TEXT COMPLETION AND CONSTRUCTION

Thu vàng

Chiều hôm qua lang thang trên đườngHoàng hôn xuống, chiều thắm muôn hương

Chiều hôm qua mình tôi bâng khuângCó mùa Thu về, tơ lòng vương vương

Một mình đi lang thang trên đườngLòng hiu hắt và nhớ bâng khuângLòng xa xôi và sầu mênh mông.Có nghe lá vàng não nề rơi không?

Page 14: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

JUMBLED LYRICS

• Level: All levels

• Time: 15 – 30 minutes

• Aim: To practice listening comprehension and to encourage students to use contextual clues to order a text.

• Preparation

+ Choose a song that tells a story and is appropriate to the language level of your class.

+ Type the song with the sentences in a different order and make copies for the class.

Page 15: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

JUMBLED LYRICS

• In class

+ Distribute the copies to pairs.

+ Ask them to put the sentences in the correct order, depending on what they think would be a logical order.

+ Pairs can compare their versions with those written by other pairs.

+ Play the recording of the songs; stop after the third line for students to check their versions and guess what will come next.

+ Finally, play the whole songs for students to check the last time and discuss further amendments.

Page 16: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

CHUYỆN TÌNH LAN VÀ ĐIỆP (ADVANCED LEVEL)

Original version

Tôi kể người nghe đời Lan và Điệp một chuyện tình cay đắng Lúc tuổi còn thơ tôi vẫn thường mộng mơ đem viết thành bài caThưở ấy Điệp vui như bướm trắng say đắm bên Lan, Lan như bông hoa ngàn Thương yêu vô vàn nguyện thề non nước sẽ không hề lìa tan

Chuông đỗ chùa xa chiều tan trường về Điệp cùng Lan chung bước Cuối nẻo đường đi đôi bóng hẹn mùa thi Lan khóc đợi người đi Lần cuối gặp nhau lan khẽ nói: “Thương mãi nghe anh em yêu anh chân tình Nếu duyên không thành Điệp ơi Lan cắt tóc quên đời vì anh

Nhưng ai đâu ngờ lời xưa đã chứng minh khi đời tan vỡ Lan đau buồn quá khi hay Điệp đã đi xây mộng gia đình Ai nào biết cho ai đời quá chua cay duyên đành lỡ vì ai Bao nhiêu niềm vui cũng vùi chôn từ đây, vùi chôn từ đây

Lỡ một cung đàn phải chăng tình đời là vòng dây oan trái Nếu vì tình yêu Lan có tội gì đâu sao vướng vào sầu đau Nàng sống mà tim như đã chết riêng bóng cô đơn đôi môi xinh phai tàn Thương thay cho nàng lìa xa nhân thế náu thân cửa từ bi

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I8WCqwcuZTQ

Page 17: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

JUMBLED LYRICS

Jumbled version (the first two paragraphs)

Tôi kể người nghe đời Lan và Điệp một chuyện tình cay đắng Thương yêu vô vàn nguyện thề non nước sẽ không hề lìa tanChuông đỗ chùa xa chiều tan trường về Điệp cùng Lan chung bước Lần cuối gặp nhau Lan khẽ nói: “Thương mãi nghe anh; em yêu anh chân tình” Lúc tuổi còn thơ tôi vẫn thường mộng mơ đem viết thành bài ca

Thuở ấy Điệp vui như bướm trắng say đắm bên Lan, Lan như bông hoa ngàn Cuối nẻo đường đi đôi bóng hẹn mùa thi Lan khóc đợi người đi Nếu duyên không thành Điệp ơi Lan cắt tóc quên đời vì anh

Page 18: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

WRITING TO KNOWN TUNES

• Level: Adaptable to all levels

• Time: 15 – 40 minutes

• Aim: To use language creatively and to explore the use of rhythm and rhyme

• Preparation

+ Choose a well-known song (for teenagers or adults, choose current hits)

+ Type out the words and make copies for students

• In class

+ Give students a theme and ask them to write different lyrics.

+ Students sing their songs to the whole class.

Page 19: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

HỌA MI TÓC NÂU (MỸ TÂM)

Original version Second version: Tương tư (Lovesick)

Hoạ mi hót giữa bầu trời xanh Một ngày nắng mới ta gặp nhau

Họa mi long lanh chào ngày mới Tình ta đến không cần báo trước

Họa mi tới những khu vườn thơ Và em áo trắng mắt nhìn anh

Họa mi chơ vơ lúc đêm về Miệng cười xinh anh thấy thẩn thờ

Từng tia nắng thắp lên mùa xuân Rồi em bước đi trong chiều mơ

Từng mùa xuân em đềm em hát Từng hàng cây đong đầy nỗi nhớ

Và em hát lúc tuổi còn thơ Tình yêu anh vẫn trao về em

Từ tuổi thơ em biết mơ mộng Mà em ơi sao quá hững hờ?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g-Xkyg05aRE

Page 20: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

PARTIAL SONG DICTATION

• Level: Intermediate to advanced

• Time: 15 minutes

• Aim: To encourage students to create and predict a text.

• Preparation

+ Find a song that the class would enjoy but that is not known to them.

+ Prepare hand-outs of the lyrics.

Page 21: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

PARTIAL SONG DICTATION

In class

• Dictate the first few lines, and ask students to complete the rest of the verse, either in rhyme or in prose.

• When they have finished, ask them to share their version with other students or with the whole class.

• Give the actual lyrics and ask students to compare those with the version they developed.

• Finally, play the song.

Page 22: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

SONGS TO LITERATURE

• Level: Upper-intermediate to advanced

• Time: Variable

• Aim: To underline the parallelism between music and other artistic expression.

• Preparation:

Look for a song with a theme analogous to that of a literary work you are currently teaching your class (e.g. The story Trương Chi Mỵ Nương and the song Khối tình Trương Chi, the story Tắt lửa lòng and the song Lan và Điệp)

Page 23: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

SONGS TO LITERATURE

In class

• Option 1: Play the song as an introduction to the theme before starting the literary work.

• Option 2: Use the song to illustrate and reinforce what has already been talked in the literary work.

• Option 3: Stimulate a discussion by asking how the song and the work are different, and which one students prefer and why.

Page 24: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

KHỐI TÌNH TRƯƠNG CHI (PHẠM DUY)

• Đêm năm xưa khi cung đàn lên tơ Hoa lá quên giờ tàn, mây trắng bay tìm đàn Hồn người thổn thức trong phòng loan Đêm năm xưa nghe cung đàn gây mơ âu yếm nâng tà quạt, hôn gió đưa về thuyền Tưởng người trên sóng du thần tiên êm êm êm dần lan Cung nam thương mờ vang Em yêu ai bờ sông nhớ thương ai trong đàn Xa xa xa rồi tan Cung Nam Ai thở than Ai thương em lầu buồn mỗi lúc khuya tàn canh …….

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tO1l5n0-Qpw

Page 25: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

SONG FEEDBACK

• Level: All

• Time: 10 – 20 minutes

• Aim: To teach vocabulary and to develop critical awareness

• Preparation

+ Choose a song that is not familiar to your students.

+ Prepare hand-outs with some discussion questions. Below are some suggested questions.

1. How are you feeling after listening to the song?

2. How do you like the song? Why or why not?

3. What do you think about its content?

4. Do you ever have the same feelings as expressed in the song?

5. Do you like the singer? Why or why not?

Page 26: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

SONG FEEDBACK (CONTINUED)

In class

• Play the song two or three times

• Give students the handouts with the discussion questions

• Students discuss the questions in pairs or small groups.

• After that they share their ideas/opinions with the whole class

Page 27: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

SONGS AND CULTURE

• Level: All levels

• Time: 30 – 40 minutes

• Aim: To teach a certain aspect of Vietnamese culture

• Preparation

+ Choose a song that presents a certain aspect of Vietnamese culture such as customs, religion, tradition, history, etc.

+ Prepare hand-outs with discussion questions

Page 28: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

SONGS AND CULTURE

In class

• Explain any difficult words/phrases in the song

• Play the song two or three times

• Give students the handouts with the discussion questions

• Students discuss the questions in pairs or small groups.

• After that they share their ideas/opinions with the whole class

Page 29: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

BÔNG HỒNG CÀI ÁO(THÍCH NHẤT HẠNH & PHẠM THẾ MỸ)

Một bông hồng cho em

Một bông hồng cho anh

Và một bông hồng cho những ai

Cho những ai đang còn Mẹ

Đang còn Mẹ để lòng vui sướng hơn

Rủi mai này Mẹ hiền có mất đi

Như đóa hoa không mặt trời

Như trẻ thơ không nụ cười

Ngỡ đời mình không lớn khôn thêm

Như bầu trời thiếu ánh sao đêm ……

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BF9KxbYhydE

Page 30: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

BÔNG HỒNG CÀI ÁO(THÍCH NHẤT HẠNH & PHẠM THẾ MỸ)

Some suggested discussion questions1. Have you ever heard of this custom?2. What is the name of this festival?3. What do Vietnamese people do on this occasion?4. Do the Vietnamese communities in the US celebrate this occasion?5. What do they do?6. What will you do for your mother on this day?

Page 31: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

CONCLUSION

• The application of songs in language teaching still remains unsystematic and unpopular.

• Songs are a rich source of language and culture.

• Using songs to teach languages creates a relaxing and enjoyable atmosphere in class.

Page 32: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

REFERENCES

• Albert, J. L. & Murphey, T. (1985). A pop song register: The motherese of adolescence as affective foreigner talk. TESOL Quarterly, 12 (3), 24-30.

• Kelly, L. G. (1969). Centuries of language teaching. Massachusetts: Newbury House Publishers.

• Murphey, T. (1992). Music and Song. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Murphey, T. (1990). Song and Music in Language Learning. New York: Peter Lang.

• Opie. P & Opie, I. (1985). The singing game. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• Simpson, A. J. (March 14, 2015). How to use songs in English language classroom. British Council. Retrieved from http://www.britishcouncil.org/blog/how-use-songs-english-language-classroom on August 7, 2015.

Page 33: TEACHING VIETNAMESE THROUGH SONGS Dr. Trang Le Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator CSU Fullerton

CONTACT INFORMATION

Dr. Trang Le

Vietnamese Language Program Coordinator

Dept. of Modern Languages and Literatures at CSU Fullerton

Email: [email protected] Phone: 657-278-2268 Dept: 657-278-3534

For information on CSUF’s Vietnamese Bilingual Authorization Program, contact:

Dr. Grace Cho

Professor, Dept. of Secondary Education; Asian Languages Bilingual Authorization Coordinator

Email: [email protected] Phone: 657-278-3283

Visit: http://ed.fullerton.edu/Vietnamese/Vietnamese-bilingual-authorization/