teaching module form 3

8/12/2019 Teaching Module Form 3

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TEACHING MODULE FORM 3

CHAPTER 7 : ELECTRICITY

LEARNING OBJECTIVES : 7.1 Understanding Electrostatics

7.2 Understanding Electricity7.3 Applying The Understanding Of Measuring Electricity

7.4 Synthesizing The Relationship Between Current, Voltage And

Resistance

7.5 Synthesizing The Concept Of Series And Parallel Circuit

7.6 Analysing Current, Voltage And Resistance In A Series Circuit

7.7 Analysing Current, Voltage And Resistance In A Parallel Circuit

electrostatics/ilektrstatiks/

Noun

The study of stationary electric charges or fields as opposed to electric currents.

electricity/ilektrisit/

Noun

A form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons or protons),

either statically as an accumulation...

The supply of electric current to a house or other building for heating, lighting, or poweringappliances

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1. voltage/vltij/

Noun

An electromotive force or potential difference expressed in volts.


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What is electricity?We use electricity everyday. Without it we would

not be able to watch t.v., listen to the radio, have

hot water, use a microwave to heat our food and

many of the other things we do every day.

But what is electricityy?


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First you have to know what an atom is. An atom is the smallest

part of something. It is microscopic and every thing is made up

of atoms.

Atoms are made up of three parts. There are:

ProtonsThese parts of an atom have a positive charge. They are

in the middle of the atom, called the nucleus and they do not

move.

NeutronsThese parts of an atom have no charge. They are

neutral and part of the nucleus of an atom with the protons.

ElectronsThese parts of the atom are very small and weigh a lot

less then the protons and neutrons. Electrons are not part of the

nucleus of the atom, instead they move around in orbits outside

the nucleus. Electrons are the only part of an atom that moves.

So what does this have to do with electricity?

Electricity is the flow of moving electrons. When the electronsflow it is called an electrical current.

To understand why electrons flow you need to

understand that atoms can lose electrons by

rubbing against another material. Think about

when you rub your head against a balloon. Believe

it or not, your hair is actually getting some

electrons from the balloon. Because your hair has more electronsthen protons, we say it is negitively charged.


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But what about the balloon? Well the balloon has more protons

than electrons so it is positively charged.

Now that we know objects can have positive or negitive chargeslet's talk about how objects that are charged will behave. There

are 3 main rules about electrical charges:

like charges repel

So if both you and your friend rubbed

balloons on your head and then tried to stick

the balloons together they would repel orpush away from each other because they

would both have the same charge.

unlike charged objects attract Since your hair has a positive

charge and the balloon has a negitive charge, they are attracted

to each other. Kind of like to magnets trying to stick together.

a charged object will attract an uncharged object So the balloonis charged and the wall has no charge. This means the wall is

attracted to the balloon.

Knowing these three rules you can think of the lunch line full of

boys. (Pretend the boys have a negitive charge.)A girl comes to

the front of the line. (The girl has a positive charge.) The boys

are attracted or trying to get as close as possible to the girl. The

boys all start pushing the boy in front of him closer to the girl

and to move away from the other boys. This is how the electrons

flow. The negitive charges (electrons) move because they are

repelled by other electrons and because they are attracted to the

positive charges (protons).


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The flowing electrons make electricity, but how can we use

it?

You need three things to let you use this electrical

current: a circuit or a path for the electrons to move

through, a power source, or something that is going

to make the electrons move, like a battery or a

generator, and something to use the electricity, like a

light bulb or a t.v..

The power source causes the electrical currentthat goes

through a circuit or a closed path, and the appliance is connectedto the circuit so the electrons can move through it and make the

appliance work.

teaching module form 3

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