teachable tidbit l earning outcomes define acids, bases in biosystems
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Teachable Tidbit L earning Outcomes Define acids, bases in biosystems Predict charge of molecule @ particular pH based on its pKa Interpret graph of the above relationship - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Teachable Tidbit Learning Outcomes
1. Define acids, bases in biosystems 2. Predict charge of molecule @ particular pH based
on its pKa3. Interpret graph of the above relationship4. Calculate ratio of protonated/unprotonated forms
of ionizable groups depending on chemical characteristics and environmental pH (use the HH equation)
5. Apply in medical context
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Tidbit Goals
• Understand relationship of between pH, pKa and ionization of weak acids in aqueous systems
1. Define acids, bases in biosystems 2. Predict charge of molecule @ particular pH based on
its pKa3. Apply in medical context
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Removing the Hassle from Henderson-Hasselbalch, part I
ORShakespeare on Acid
To ionize or not to ionize…that is the question?
GROUP 2 : Erika Abel, Vanessa Castleberry, Rizalia Klausmeyer, Aaron Snead, Martina Rosenberg, William Sherman Garver, Marcy Osgood
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After aspirin tablets are swallowed, how do they reach the bloodstream?
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In which gastrointestinal compartment (stomach or intestine) is the majority of aspirin absorbed?
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=========
(proton donor HA) (proton acceptor A-)
H+
H+
Ionization of Weak Acids….is far from complete
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• The acid dissociation constant Ka describes the extent of dissociation of a weak acid (HA H+ and A-)
The higher an acid’s Ka, the lower its pKa, and the greater its strength as an acid.
-lower pKa more likely to donate a proton-higher pKa less likely to donate a proton
pKa = -log[Ka]
Ka =[A-]*[H+]
[HA]
Ionization of Weak Acids….How Do We Describe It?
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Clicker
When added to water, which of the following compounds raises the [H+] (= lowers pH) the most?
A. Compound A, pKa = 3.8B. Compound B, pKa = 5.5C. Compound C, pKa = 7.4D. Compound D, pKa = 9.2
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Clicker
When added to water, which of the following compounds raises the [H+] (= lowers pH) the most?
A. Compound A, pKa = 3.8B. Compound B, pKa = 5.5C. Compound C, pKa = 7.4D. Compound D, pKa = 9.2
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A strong acid is likely to donate a proton…EVEN IF the surrounding [H+] is high!
Ionization of Strong Acids
When HCl is added….what happens?
Low pH solution
H+
H+
H+H+H+
H+H+H+
H+
H+
H+
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A strong acid is likely to donate a proton…EVEN IF the surrounding [H+] is high!
Ionization of Strong Acids
HCl H+ + Cl- The majority of molecules ionize
Low pH solution
H+
H+
H+H+H+
H+H+H+
H+
H+
H+
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A weak acid is less likely to donate a proton…ESPECIALLY IF the surrounding [H+] is high!
Surrounding pH Influences Weak Acid Ionization
Low pH solution
When a weak acid HA is added, …what happens?H+
H+
H+H+H+
H+H+H+
H+
H+
H+
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A weak acid is less likely to donate a proton…ESPECIALLY IF the surrounding [H+] is high!
Surrounding pH Influences Weak Acid Ionization
HA H+ + A-
The majority of molecules do NOT ionize
Low pH solution
H+
H+
H+H+H+
H+H+H+
H+
H+
H+
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Think Pair Share Exercise
Each group will be given 6 red/pink post-it notes and 6 blue post-it notes and a handout representing one of the above beakers.
The blue and red/pink stickers stand for a population weak of acid molecules (HA) with a pKa = 7.
The red/pink stickers represent unionized weak acid HA. The blue stickers represent ionized weak acid A-
Depending on the pH of the solution to which you are adding your weak acid molecule, determine which color of stickies to add to your beaker.
H+
pH 9
H+
H+
H+H+H+
H+H+H+
H+
H+
H+
pH 5
H+
H+H+
H+
pH 7
H+
H+H+
HA
A-
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pH = 5 pH = 7 pH = 9
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+ H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+H+
H+
H+
H+
H+H+
H+
H+
H+H+
Draw on White Board or Elmo
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pH = 5 pH = 7 pH = 9
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+ H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+H+
H+
H+
H+
A-
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+H+
H+
H+H+
HAHA
HA
HA
HAHA
HA
HAHA
HA
HA
HAHA
HA
HAHA
HA
HA
HAHA
HA
A-
A- A-
A-A-
A-
A-
A-A-
A-
A-A-
A-
A-A
A-
A-
A-A-
HA
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+
H+ H+
H+
H+
H+
H+H+
H+
Desired outcome
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Clicker
How easily do the following compounds lose their proton in an environment of pH 5 (from “easiest” to “hardest”)?
a. Compound A, pKa = 3.8b. Compound B, pKa = 5.0c. Compound C, pKa = 7.4d. Compound D, pKa = 9.2
A. a-b-c-dB. d-c-b-a
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Clicker
How easily do the following compounds lose their proton in an environment of pH 5 (from “easiest” to “hardest”)?
a. Compound A, pKa = 3.8b. Compound B, pKa = 5.0c. Compound C, pKa = 7.4d. Compound D, pKa = 9.2
A. a-b-c-dB. d-c-b-a
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In which compartment is the majority of aspirin absorbed?
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Stomach pH = 1.5
Small Intestine pH = 6.5
AspirinpKa = 3.5
Which is the predominant form of Aspirin in the stomach (protonated or deprotonated)?
Think Pair Share 2 min
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Stomach pH = 1.5
Small Intestine pH = 6.5
AspirinpKa = 3.5
Which is the predominant form of Aspirin in the small intestine (protonated or deprotonated)?
Think Pair Share 2min
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A. Stomach pH = 1.5
B. Small Intestine pH = 6.5
AspirinpKa = 3.5
Given that uncharged molecules are better able to cross membranes…
In which compartment is the majority of aspirin absorbed?
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Questions?