tcp network management

8/7/2019 TCP NETWORK MANAGEMENT

1/43

TCP NETWORK MANAGEMENTTCP NETWORK MANAGEMENT

SUBMITTED BY:-PRASHANT KUMAR (07-I.T-38)PUSHKAR SINGH BISHT (07-I.T-40)SUBODH (07-I.T-53)


2/43

INTRODUCTION OF THEINTRODUCTION OF THE

ORGANISATIONORGANISATION


3/43

PREFACE OF THEPREFACE OF THE

PROJECTPROJECT


4/43

SCOPE OF THE PROJECTSCOPE OF THE PROJECTComputer networks can be used for several purposes:Facilitating communications:-Using a network, people can

communicate efficiently and easily via email, instantmessaging, chat rooms, telephone, video telephone calls, andvideo conferencing.Sharing hardware:-In a networked environment, eachcomputer on a network may access and use hardwareresources on the network, such as printing a document on a

shared network printer.


5/43

Sharing files, data, and information:-In a network environment,authorized user may access data and information stored on other

computers on the network. The capability of providing access to data andinformation on shared storage devices is an important feature of manynetworks.Sharing software:-Users connected to a network may run applicationprograms on remote computers.Information preservation.

Security.Speed up.


6/43


7/43

SOFTWARESOFTWARE

REQUIREMENTSREQUIREMENTS

WINDO

WS XP

PACKET TRACER 5.3

GNS-3

IOS(ROUTER,SWITCHES, HUB,BRIDGES,MODEM)


8/43

NETWORK DEVICES USEDNETWORK DEVICES USED

Clients and Servers

Wiring and Cable

Network Interface Cards

Hubs

Modems

Switches

RoutersBridges

Repeaters


9/43

FEATURES OFTHEFEATURES OFTHE

PROJECTPROJECT

TOPOLOGY USED

1.BU

S TOPOLOGY2.HIERARCHICAL TOPOLOGY

3.HYBRID TOPOLOGY

VLAN & INTERVLAN COMMUNICATION

SUBNETTING

ROUTING PROTOCOL1.EIGRP(Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol)


10/43

ACCESS CONTROL SCHEME

1.STANDARD ACL2.EXTENDED ACL

SECURITY FEATURE

1.PORT SECURITY

2.PASSWORD SCHEMES

3.ENCRYPTION

TROUBLESHOOTING


11/43

WHAT IS NETWORKINGWHAT IS NETWORKING

MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT


12/43

NETWORKNETWORK

ADMINISTRATORADMINISTRATOR


13/43

COMPONENTS OFCOMPONENTS OFNETWORKNETWORK

Clients


14/43

TYPES OF NETWORKTYPES OF NETWORK

LAN (Local Area Network)MAN (Metropolitan Area Network )

WAN (Wide Area Network)


15/43

LANLAN

Collection of computers, printers, modems and otherdevices that are able to communicate with each otherover some transmission medium, generally not separatedby more than 1,000 ft. of cabling.

Some organisations will have LANson each floor ofabuilding connected bya bridge or router

Alldeviceson the LAN communicate vianetwork interface

cards (NICs)


16/43

WANWAN

Tokyo

Paris

IndiaMexico City

New York

Cable or RadioConnections


17/43

Interconnects twoor more LANs.

Cover large areas mayspan the worldCompared toLANs slow speedcommunication.

Owned by govt.

Requiresco-ordinationand expensive equipment

WAN DEVICES:ROUTERS

TERMINALSERVERS

MODEMS

DSU/CSU


18/43

NETWORK TOPOLOGYNETWORK TOPOLOGY

It isalayout of the network.There are two typesof topology:

Physical topology describes how cablesare run.Logical topology describes how message is travel withinthe network.

There are 6 primary topologies:-1. Bus Topology2. Ring Topology

3. Star Topology4. Tree Topology5. Mesh Topology6. Hybrid Topology


19/43

Tree topology


20/43

HIERARCHICAL TOPOLOGYHIERARCHICAL TOPOLOGYIt is also known as the tree topology.A central 'root' node is connected to one or more other nodes thatare one level lower in the hierarchy with a point-to-point linkbetween each of the second level nodes.

Each node in the network having a specific fixed number beingreferred to as the 'branching factor' of the hierarchical tree.It combines the characteristics of linear bus & star topology.It allows the future changes in existing topology.


21/43

IP ADDRESSINGIP ADDRESSING

It uniquely identifies each device on an ip network.It is 32-bit binary number, usually expressed as 4dotted decimal values.It has two parts:Net id:We can find class of the address,the block, & the range ofthe address.It describes the ip address as a part of the network.Host id:

Identifies individual host.Is assigned by organizations to individual devices.


22/43

CLASSES OF IPCLASSES OF IPADDRESSESADDRESSES

CLASSLESS ADDRESSING

CLASSFULL ADDRESSING


23/43

PRIVATE IP ADDRESS &PRIVATE IP ADDRESS &

PUBLIC IP ADDRESSPUBLIC IP ADDRESSPUBLIC IP ADDRESSES:

PRIVATE IP ADDRESSES

CLASS PUBLIC IP RANGE

A 1.0.0.0 TO 9.255.255.25511.0.0.0 TO 126.255.255.255

B 128.0.0.0 TO 172.15.255.255172.32.0.0 TO 191.255.255.255

C 192.0.0.0 TO 192.167.255.255192.169.0.0 TO 223.255.255.255

CLASS PRIVATE ADRESS RANGE

A 10.0.0.0 TO 10.255.255.255

B 172.16.0.0 TO 172.31.255.255

C 192.168.0.0 TO 192.168.255.255


24/43

SUBNETTINGSUBNETTING

Subnetting is a way of taking an existing class licenseand breaking it down to create more Network Addresses.This will always reduce the number ofhost addresses fora given network.

Subnetting makes more efficient use of the address oraddresses assigned to you.To calculate the number of subnets (networks) and/orhosts, we need to do some math:Use the formula 2n-2 where the n can represent eitherhow many subnets (networks) needed OR how many

hosts per subnet needed.


25/43

SUBNET MASKSUBNET MASKA subnet mask allows you to identify which part of an IPaddress is reserved for the network, and which part isavailable for host use.ITTELLS ROUTER THE NUMBER OF BITS TO LOOK ATWHEN ROUTING.Default Subnet MasksClass A - 255.0.0.0

11111111.00000000.00000000.00000000Class B - 255.255.0.0

11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000Class C - 255.255.255.0

11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000


26/43

VLAN & INTERVLANVLAN & INTERVLAN

COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

VLAN's allow a network manager to logically segment aLAN into different broadcast domains.


27/43

Benefits of VLANsBenefits of VLANs

Formation ofVirtual WorkgroupsEasily move workstations on the LANEasily add workstations to the LANEasily change the LAN configurationEasily control network trafficImprove security


28/43

VLAN TRUNKINGVLAN TRUNKING

PROTOCOL (VTP)PROTOCOL (VTP)VTP MODES:

1.CREATE VLANS

2.MODIFY VLANS

3.DELETE VLANS

1.SEND & FWD 1.CREATE LOCAL VLANsADVERTISEMENTS 2.MODIFY LOCAL VLANs

2.SYNCHRONIZES 3.DELETE LOCAL VLANs

4.FWD ADVERTISEMENTS

SERVER

CLIENT TRANSPARENTTRANSPARENT


29/43

ROUTING & ROUTINGROUTING & ROUTING

PROTOCOLPROTOCOLIt is the rpocess of determining where to send datapackets that are destined for addresses outside the localnetwork.

Routing information are stored in the routing table.Routes are of three types:1. Static routing2. Dynamic routing3. Default routing


30/43

Routing protocolsRouting protocols


31/43

CLASSES OF ROUTINGCLASSES OF ROUTINGPROTOCOLSPROTOCOLS


32/43

OSPF(OPEN SHORTESTOSPF(OPEN SHORTEST

PATH FIRST)PATH FIRST)

IT CRETAES A NEIGHBOR RELATIONSHIP BYEXCHANGINGHELLOPACKETS.FLOOD LSAs(LINK STATE ADVERTISEMENT) TO ALLOSPF ROUTER INTHE AREA.NOT JUST DIRECTLYCONNECTED ROUTERS.


33/43

OSPFOSPF

AUTHENTICATIONAUTHENTICATIONOSPF SUPPORTS THE FOLLOWINGTYPES OFAUTHENTICATION:N

ULLPLAINTEXTPASSWORD AUTHENTICATIONMD5 AUTHENTICATION


34/43

ADRESS TRANSLATIONADRESS TRANSLATION

SCHEMESCHEME

It is a scheme in which we translate the private ip intopublic & vice versa.

Ther are two methods for the address translation:1. NAT2. PAT.


35/43

PAT:

PAT uses unique source port numbers on the inside globalIP address to distinguish between translations.

SA10.0.0.3:2333

Outside

Internet

10.0.0.2

SA

10.0.0.2:1456

SA

179.9.8.80:1345

10.0.0.3

179.9.8.80:233310.0.0.3:2333

179.9.8.80:145610.0.0.2:1456

Inside Global IP

Address

Inside Local IP

Address

NATTable

126.23.2.2:80126.23.2.2:80

202.6.3.2:80202.6.3.2:80

Outside Global

IPAddress

Outside Local IP

Address

SA

179.9.8.80:2333

202.6.3.2

126.23.2.2


36/43

ACCESS CONTROLACCESS CONTROL

SCHEMESCHEME

ACLs are lists of conditions used to test network trafficthat tries to travel across a router interface. These liststell the router what types of packets to accept or deny.


37/43

ACL TYPESACL TYPES

THER ARE TWOTYPES ACL:1. STANDARD ACL2. EXTENDED ACL

STANDARD ACL: ACCESS LISTNUMBER RANGE OF 1-99 AND 1300-

1999. FILTER ONLY ON SOURCE IP ADDRESS. WILDCARD MASK. APPLIED TOINTERFACE CLOSESTTO DESTINATION.


38/43

TELNETTELNET


39/43

DIFF BETWEEN TELNETDIFF BETWEEN TELNET

& RLOGIN& RLOGIN


40/43

SECURITY SCHEMESECURITY SCHEME


41/43

TROUBLESHOOTINGTROUBLESHOOTING


42/43

ANY QUERYANY QUERY ??????????????????????


43/43

THANKS THANKS

tcp network management

Documents