Chapter 9 East AsiaMultiple Choice Introduction1. Which of the following countries does not share a common border with the Peoples Republic of China? A. Vietnam B. Bhutan *C. Thailand D. North Korea E. Afghanistan In 1997, China took over: *A. Hong Kong (Xianggang) D. Sakhalin Islands E. none of the above B. Taiwan C. Singapore

2.

3.

Two political entities that recently reunited with China are: A. Vietnam and Shandong B. Macau (Macao) and Shenzhen C. Hong Kong (Xianggang) and Shenzhen D. Hong Kong and Xianggang *E. Macau (Macao) and Hong Kong (Xianggang) Which of the following countries was the first highly developed country in East Asia, significantly ahead of any other East Asian state in its level of economic development? *A. Japan B. South Korea C. China D. North Korea E. Mongolia Which of the following countries is identified by your text book as the colossus of East Asia, the major cultural hearth in this part of the world? *A. China B. Mongolia C. Japan D. North Korea E. Russia

4.

5.

Natural Environments6. Which of the following is false concerning the western sections of China: A. much of the area is a flat plain B. much of the area is mountainous or is a high plateau C. many of Asias great rivers arise in the mountains and high plateaus D. the area is sparsely populated

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*E. much of the area is a highland (H) climate 7. The mountains in western China are the: *A. Himalayas B. Xianggangs C. Xizangs D. Tibets E. Huang He (Yellow River) Climates in western China are affected by severe: A. maritime conditions *B. continentality C. hurricanes D. typhoons E. gyres Powdery wind-blown soil pulverized by glaciers is called: A. ordos *B. loess C. cenozoic D. shandong E. huang soil

8.

9.

10. Which of the following is not an East Asia island? A. Taiwan *B. Sri Lanka C. Hainan D. Hokkaido E. Honshu

Historical Geography11. Which of the following statements is false? A. Human beings have been in Asia for hundreds of thousands of years. B. The width of the Pacific Ocean probably played a role in restricting Transpacific migrations. *C. Human beings have been in the Americas for hundreds of thousands of years. D. Peking Man was found in 1927 not far from Beijing. E. Some anthropologists believe that all human beings derive from Africans, whereas others. hold that humans derive from four different stocks from widely separated regions. 12. Which of the following statements is false? A. The Ainu contended with the Yayoi for control of Japan. B. Plant and animal domestication began in East Asia as early as it did anywhere. *C. The Manchu dynasty was probably Chinas first dynasty. D. The Chinese civilization was preceded by the Erlitou state. E. Xenophobia means hatred of foreigners.

China Proper13. In 1989, a pro-democracy movement was crushed in: A. Tianjin B. Shenyang *C. Tiananmen Square

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D. Forbidden City

E. Hong Kong (Xianggang)

14. Which of the following statements is false? A. China remains a Communist dictatorship. B. China is a land of many disadvantaged minorities. *C. China, despite its Communist rule, has an impeccable record on human rights. D. The Tiananmen Square revolt was suppressed in 1989. E. China Proper refers to the heartland of China.

Chinese Perspectives15. The Chinese city of _______ is seen by the Chinese as having eclipsed Rome as a center of sophistication. A. Osaka *B. Xian C. Tokyo D. Pusan E. Seoul 16. In the fertile loess valley, we find a city named _______ where 6,000, 2,000 year-old terra cotta statues were found. The city is also the capital of Shaanxi Province. *A. Xian B. Beijing C. Shandong D. Hianan E. Xizang 17. The latest period of Chinese isolation was ended: A. in 1993 by President Clinton B. when President Reagan allowed the Chinese to enter the United Nations in 1985 *C. in 1972 when President Nixon was invited to Beijing D. when Japanese tourists arrived in Seoul in 1968 E. none of the above 18. China was opened to the western world in 1972 following a visit by U.S. president: A. Carter *B. Nixon C. Reagan D. Bush E. Perot 19. The current system used for pronunciation and spelling of Chinese names is called the: A. Manchurian System *B. Pinyin system C. Xi Jiang system D. Cultural Revolution system E. Xizang system 20. The Chinese were, historically: *A. isolated from much of the rest of the world B. anxious to play a major role in world affairs C. conquerors of much of Africa at various times in their history

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D. rulers over Japan E. rulers over much of northern India 21. Which of the following did not contribute to Chinas relative isolation from the world? *A. lack of good ports B. Gobi C. Himalayas D. forests E. Tian Shan and Pamir mountain ranges 22. Which country has probably been most important in Chinas current economic development? A. South Korea B. England C. Taiwan D. Vietnam *E. Japan

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23. Chinas total area is: A. much larger than that of the United States *B. only slightly larger than that of the United States C. only slightly smaller than that of the United States D. much smaller than that of the United States 24. In China: A. colder weather starts further west than in the United States B. Beijing has the climate of Miami *C. colder weather starts further south than in the United States D. there is much less area classified as an H climate than is the case in the United States E. a majority of the country experiences an A climate 25. In China: A. H climates predominate in Tibet B. B climates predominate in Xinjiang C. C climates predominate in the Southeast D. D climates predominate in the Northeast *E. all of the above are true

Evolving China26. Which of the following dates occurred during the lifetime of Confucius? A. 900 B.C. *B. 500 B.C. C. 250 A.D. D. 1910 A.D. E.2000 B.C. 27. Historically, Chinas most influential philosopher and teacher was: A. Buddha B. Muhammad *C. Confucius D. Mao Zedong E. Gandhi 28. The greatest lasting impact of Confucianism occurred in the area of Chinese _______. A. agricultural practices *B. education C. economic processes D. social class relationships and the peasantry E. democratic politics 29. The country of the people of Han, which turned communist in 1949, is: A. India *B. China C. Pakistan D. Japan E. none of the above 30. Chinas civilization began under the: *A. Shang dynasty at the confluence of the Huang He (Yellow River) and Wei rivers B. Han dynasty at the mouth of the Xi (West)/Pearl river

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C. Manchu dynasty in 4000 B.C. D. Ming dynasty in Tibet E. Chang dynasty

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31. The Han Dynasty: A. is the earliest Chinese dynasty about which substantial information is available B. began and ended before 300 B.C., when China already was a well-organized state *C. was a pivotal and formative period in Chinese history, when the Chinese sphere of influence was enlarged, land reform occurred, and external trade commenced D. was a period of division and disarray, causing the emergence of two rival capitals, Tianjin and Beijing E. led directly to the takeover of the Manchus 32. _________ China was the Roman Empire of East Asia. A. Shang *B. Han C. Manchu D. Ming E. Manchurian

33. China reached its maximum spatial extent during the _________ Dynasty. A. Han *B. Manchu C. Shang D. Sikh E. Ming 34. The last great Dynasty, ending in 1911, was the _______ Dynasty. A. Han *B. Manchu C. Shang D. Sikh E. Ming 35. The principle of extraterritoriality refers to the: A. process by which China gained extra territory *B. situation in which foreign states or international organizations and their representatives are immune from the jurisdiction of the country in which they are present C. process by which a nation achieves enclave status D. process by which China and Mongolia have fought border wars with the U.S.S.R. E. process by which the Tibetans have fought for independence from China 36. In the first Opium War (1839-1842) Chinas opponent was: *A. Great Britain B. Russia C. Netherlands D. Portugal E. Japan 37. Which of the following nations did not have a sphere of influence in China? A. Britain *B. Belgium C. Germany D. France E. Russia 38. The Portuguese possession near the mouth of the Xi (West)/Pearl River is:

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A. Hong Kong (Xianggang) C.Timor D. Shandong E. Hainan Island

*B. Macau (Macao)

39. Which association between Chinese territory and imperialist powers is incorrect? A. Germany and Qingdao *B. Netherlands and Macau (Macao) C. Russians and Liaodong D. France and Zhanjiang E. Britain and Hong Kong (Xianggang) 40. The Boxer Rebellion was: *A. an uprising against foreigners and those who had adopted Western ways B. a major battle between the nationalists and the communists C. a revolt against the communists during the Long March D. begun by the British and resulted in the policy of extraterritoriality E. a revolt begun by those who wore jockey shorts 41. During the period following World War I: A. the so-called Boxer Rebellion erupted B. there emerged two powerful governments, one in Beijing and another in Guangzhou *C. the Chinese Communist Party was formed in Shanghai D. Dr. Sun Yat-sen came to power in Beijing E. all of the above events took place 42. The foreign power that established the dependency of Manchukuo in pre-communist China was: A. Russia B. Britain C. Germany *D. Japan E. Korea 43. Which of the following statements is false? A. After World War I, two governments developed in China, one in the North in Beijing and the other in Guangzhou. B. Initially, the nationalists and the communists cooperated in an attempt to rid the nation of foreigners. C. The nationalists at first looked like they would ultimately prevail over the communists. D. Nearly 100,000 people took part in the start of the Long March. *E. The Nationalists ended the Long March and were defeated. 44. The movement developed to boycott Japanese goods to protest Japanese movement into the Shandong peninsula after World War I was the: *A. May Fourth Movement B. Japan Protest Force C. Long Marchers

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D. Anti-Japanese Rebels 45.During World War II:

E. Great Proletarian Revolution

*A. the Japanese committed unspeakable atrocities against the Chinese B. while the Japanese invaded Northern China, they did so only to dislodge the Germans C. the Italians came to the defense of the Chinese D. the Russians attacked China from the north E. the Communists sided with the Japanese 46. Mao Zedongs proclamation creating the communist Peoples Republic of China was announced in: A. 1911 B. 1925 *C. 1949 D. 1976 E. 1983 47. The political dominance of one country by another is known as: A. exclavization B. Balkanization *C.hegemony D. dominoization E. nationalization

Chinas Human Geography48. The attempt to rekindle the revolutionary spirit in China in the 1960s was known as the: A. Great Leap Forward B. Sepoy Rebellion *C. Cultural Revolution D. Extraterritoriality Debate E. Long March 49. The foci of China's two most populous and important regions are: *A. Beijing and Shanghai B. Beijing and Tianjin C. Shandong and Tibet D. Hainan and Hong Kong (Xianggang) E. Singapore and Shenyang 50. The largest Chinese province in population is: *A. Sichuan B. Mandarin C. Canton D. Peking E. Hunan 51. Chinas current population is closest to: A. 700 million B. 800 million D. 500 million *E. 1.3 billion C. 1.6 billion

52. Which of the following did not happen under Mao? *A. population control B. government ownership of the means of production C. collectivization of agriculture D. health conditions improved E. all of the above took place under Mao 53. Which of the following statements is false?

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A. Chinas land area is approximately equal to that of the United States. B. China is one of the two oldest continuous civilizations. *C. Chinas population remains concentrated in the countrys western half. D. China remains a dominantly rural society. E. China contains subtropical climates in its south. 54. Which of the following was introduced to control population? *A. the one child policy B. the cheap condom C. female infanticide D. late marriage E. the encouragement of emigration 55. A result of Chinas one-child policy was: A. abortions B. female infanticide C. sending children away from parents to live in other villages D. success in reducing the birth rate *E. all of the above

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56. The ethnic group that populates China proper is: A. Thai B. Mongolian C. Turkic *D. Han Chinese E. none of the above 57. In China, autonomous regions were set up for: A. the purposes of allowing foreign investment B. greater control by the central government of local affairs C. the purpose of making smaller regions out of some of the larger provinces *D. minorities E. none of the above

People and Places of China Proper58. The Chinese name for the Yellow River is the: A. Indus *B. Huang He (Yellow River) C. Liao D. Amur E. Xi (West)/Pearl River 59. Which of the following regions is often called Manchuria by uninformed foreigners? *A. Northeast China B. Taiwan C. North China Plain D. Xizang E. Red Basin of Sichuan 60. The rustbelt of China is: *A. the Northeast B. Tibet D. Beijing E. Hunan C. Canton

61. Which of the following statements is false? A. Northern China grows wheat and cotton, South China grows rice and tea. B. Northern and northwest China is the land of the ox and the camel, South China uses the water buffalo. C. While northern China is stagnating economically in the 1990s, South China is swept up in the changes of the Pacific Rim. D. Northern China contains the Huang He (Yellow River), but South China is close to Hong Kong (Xianggang). *E. All of the above are true. 62. Which of the following areas was conquered by the Japanese? A. Tibet B. Xinjiang C. Sichuan D. Mongolia *E. Northeast China 63. The Northeast: A. is Chinas only internal province, without sensitive foreign boundaries B. escaped colonization during the foreign intrusion, so that its development was unaffected C. remains an area where Chinese are a minority (the Manchus predominate)

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D. has no oil reserves or other natural resources *E. is laid out in such a way that the areas of greatest productive capacity and largest population concentration lie in the south 64. Major iron and steel producing activities occur in: A. Beijing B. Lhasa *C. Shenyang D. Shanghai E. Hong Kong (Xianggang) 65. Which region merges into Siberian cold? A. South China B. Inner Mongolia D. Xizang *E. Northeast China 66. The North China Plain is dominated by the: *A. Huang He (Yellow River) Yangzi River D. Xizang C. Xinjiang

B. Himalayas C. ChangE. Ordos Desert

67. The Huang He (Yellow River): A. drains the Xi (West)/Pearl River Basin B. flows into the South China Sea *C. almost encircles one of Chinas driest areas, the Ordos Desert D. flows from the Loess Plateau eastward toward the East China Sea south of Shanghai E. originates in the Tarim Basin 68. One of the worlds most heavily populated agricultural areas is known as: A. Xizang B. Chang-Yangzi Basin C. Xinjiang D. Shazam *E. North China Plain 69. Which of the following statements is false? *A. The core area of Chinese culture is centered on present-day Shanghai. B. The teachings of Kongfuzi persist in much of rural China. C. The present capital of China is Beijing. D. Chinas population now represents about one-fifth of the world's population. E. China Proper is located in eastern China. 70. The two major cities on the North China Plain are: A. Beijing and Shanghai *B. Beijing and Tianjin C. Shandong and Tibet D. Hainan and Hong Kong (Xianggang) E. Singapore and Shenyang 71. The area of China bordering on Mongolia: A. has a tropical climate and three rice crops per year *B. has a relatively small population and a dry climate C. is part of the basin of the Huang He (Yellow River) D. includes the province of Xizang

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E. is an area with a significant Korean minority 72. Central China is dominated by the: A. Huang He (Yellow River) Yangzi River D. Ordos Desert E. Gobi B. LiaoRiver *C. Chang-

73. The Grand Canal connects: A. the Xi (West)/Pearl River and the Chang-Yangzi River *B. the Chang-Yangzi River and the core of Northern China C. the Liao and the Amur D. the Indus and the Ganges E. the Liao and the Ob 74. The major water project in central China that may lead to environmental damage is: A. Liao Dam B. Grand Canal *C. Three Gorges Dam D. Great Wall Dam E. Songhua 75. A city whose role may change as a result of the Three Gorges Dam is and may become the number one growth pole of Chinas interior is: *A. Chongqing B. Beijing C. Tianjin D. Tokyo E. Macau (Macao) 76. Three Gorges Dam is expected to do all of the following except: A. provide at least one-tenth of Chins electricity B. end flooding on the Chang-Yangzi River *C. end navigation on the Chang-Yangzi River D. stimulate development along the lake side E. involve foreign companies in related projects 77. The main river serving the hinterland of Shanghai is the: A. Xi (West)/Pearl River B. Huang He (Yellow River) *C. Chang-Yangzi River D. Mississippi River E. Songhua 78. With nearly 120 million inhabitants, this inland Chinese province would be one of the worlds ten largest states if it were independent. A. Xi (West)/Pearl *B. Sichuan C. Chang D. Xizang E. Songhua 79. Inner Mongolia: A. now supports a large population B. has seen vast improvements in agriculture despite a lack of government effort in the region *C. constitutes the southern rim of the Gobi Desert D. is a region of moderate temperature year-round E. is less populous than Xinjiang and Xizang

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80. The Gobi is associated with which region? A. North China B. Northeast China D. Xinjiang E. Xizang

*C. Inner Mongolia

81. The leading city of the Xi (West)/Pearl River Delta, and the urban focus for much of South China, is: A. Tangshan *B. Guangzhou C. Shanghai D. Tianjin E. Beijing 82. All but the following are found at the mouth of the Xi (West)/Pearl River: A. Macau (Macao) B. Shenzhen *C. Hong Kong (Xianggang) D. Guangzhou E. Tianjin 83. The shortest of the three great rivers in China is the: A. Huang He (Yellow River) B. Chiang River *C. Xi (West)/Pearl River D. Liao River E. Indus River 84. The area including the island of Hainan is known as: A. North China B. Northeast China C. Mongolia *D. Southeast China E. Xizang 85. A major project currently that Chinese environmentalists protest is the: A. Grand Canal *B. Three Gorges Dam C. Aswan Dam D. extraterritorialization of Tibet E. none of the above

Xizang (Tibet)86. Which region contains Tibet? A. South China B. Inner Mongolia *D. Xizang E. Northeast China C. Xinjiang

87. Which region contains only 2 million people? A. South China B. Inner Mongolia C. Xinjiang *D. Xizang E. Northeast China 88. Xizang: A. is the Chinese name for Tibet B. is Buddhist C. has suffered from the destruction of its culture by the Chinese D. has its capital at Lhasa *E. all of the above 89. A major province of western China is: A. Papua New Guinea *B. Xizang (Tibet) C. Manchuria

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D. Mongolia

E. Bhutan

Xinjiang90. The Xinjiang region: *A. contains desert basins near Turkestan B. is located south of Tibet C. contains the Gobi D. is in the northeast part of the country E. none of the above

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91. Which of the following statements concerning Xinjiang is false? *A. Xinjiangs population is about 75 percent Chinese. B. The majority of the region's people are Muslims. C. The Uygurs are concentrated in the Tarim Basin. D. Xinjiangs total population today is about 17 million. E. Just one generation ago, Xinjiang's population was only about 5 percent Chinese.

The Pacific Rim in China92. The emerging economic region of China is: A. Shandong B. Shenzen *C. the Pacific Rim D. Hainan Island E. Hong Kong (Xianggang)

Geography of Development93. Which of the following is NOT a commonly used measure of economic development? *A. population density B. per capita national product C. productivity per worker D. per capita energy consumption E. literacy rates 94. The final stage of economic development in Rostows growth model is called: A. traditional society *B. takeoff C. drive to maturity D. age of high mass consumption E. growth pole development 95. The first stage of economic development in Rostows growth model is called: A. preconditions for takeoff B. takeoff C. drive to maturity *D. traditional society E. growth pole development

Chinas Development under Communism96. The Chinese allowed the British to stay in Hong Kong (Xianggang) because: A. they could not militarily force them to leave *B. they viewed Hong Kong (Xianggang) as a convenient contact point with the West C. it has important oil resources needed by the Chinese D. it was producing consumer goods important to the development of South China E. they could allow dissidents to leave via Hong Kong (Xianggang)

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97. The leaders of China who took control in the later 1970s were called: A. communists *B. pragmatic moderates C. socialists D. nationalists E. Maoists 98. The leader who took over in China following Mao was: A. Deng Xiaoping *B. Maos son C. Chiang Kai-Shek D. Sun Yat-sen E. Zhou Enlai

Transforming the Economic Map99. Which of the following are not Chinese areas encouraging foreign investment? A. special economic zones B. open coastal areas C. open cities *D. forbidden cities E. Shenzen 100. The Special Economic Zone that has been most successful is: A. Shandong *B. Shenzen C. Guangdong D. Hainan Island E. Hong Kong (Xianggang) 101. Which of the following has not been important in the development of Shenzhen as an SEZ? A. proximity to Hong Kong (Xianggang) *B. the socialist economic principles applied by the Chinese government to its development C. port facilities D. investment of overseas Chinese in its development E. U.S. and Japanese investments

Hong Kong (Xianggang)102. Which of the following is a part of the colony of Hong Kong (Xianggang)? *A. Kowloon Peninsula B. Canton C. Chang-Yangzi Delta D. Liao River E. Shenzhen 103. Nearly ____ million persons live in Hong Kong (Xianggang)? *A. 6 B. 1 C. 120 D. 200 E. 1,000 104. Which of the following statements is false? A. Hong Kong is now a Special Administrative Region of China. B. Hong Kong has no mineral resources. C. Hong Kong has many persons with entrepreneurial skills who came as refugees from Communist China. D. In the 1990's, 25 percent of Chinas foreign trade went through Hong Kong.

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*E. As soon as China took over Hong Kong, the economy of both Hong Kong and Shenzhen took off. 105. An SEZ that your text identifies as a potential rival to Hong Kong, located near Pudong, is: A. Chek Lap Kok *B. Pudong C. Hainan D. Zhuhai E. Taiwan 106. The SEZ in South China identified in your text as the Wild South is: A. Chek Lap Kok B. Pudong *C. Hainan D. Zhuhai E. Taiwan 107. Chinas economy is growing at ____ percent per year during most of the 1990s. A. 2 *B. 9 C. 18 D. 1 E. 25

China: A Global Superpower108. Chinas decision to open relations with the West in 1972 was in part based upon: A. the failure of the communist system B. Maos death *C. the need for a relationship with a major power, since China was at serious odds with the Soviet Union. D. the end of the Cold War E. the urging of the Soviet Union to ease the need for further Soviet foreign aid to China 109. Chinas two major trading partners are: A. Japan and Korea *B. US and Japan C. Russia and Japan D. Taiwan and Japan E. Vietnam and Cambodia 110. All of the following represent potential for foreign conflicts with China except: A. human rights violations B. opening of Chinese-South Korean relations C. border conflicts with Russia D. Chinese arms being sold to Iran *E. Chinese mingling in Peruvian affairs

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111. Which of the statements below is least accurate? Mongolia: A. can be termed a buffer state *B. is desirous of union with China C. is landlocked D. had been guided in its development for 60 years by the Soviets E. declared its independence from China in 1911 112.The country which acts as a buffer between Russia and China is: *A. Mongolia B. Siberia C. Sakha Republic D. Korea E. Manchuria

Japan113. Which of the following was not occupied by Japan during World War II? *A. Siberia B. Manchuria C. Indochina D. Taiwan E. Vietnam

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114. The only major Japanese city not along the coast is: A. Tokyo *B. Kyoto C. Osaka D. Nobi E. all of the above are coastal cities 115. The Meiji Restoration: A. restored Japan to its former position of power and regional influence *B. marked the beginning of Japan's modernization and generated its economic and military transformation C. witnessed the rise of Kyoto as the country's modern capital city D. halted Japans explosive population growth and has led to a stable population since about 1890 E. occurred after the disastrous defeat Japan suffered in World War II 116. Before the Meiji Restoration, Japans capital city was: *A. Kyoto B. Tokyo C. Edo D. Kansai E. Honshu 117. The capital of Japan was moved: A. from Siberia to Sakhalin Island when Japan lost territories in the RussoJapanese War *B. from Kyoto to Tokyo by the Meiji rulers C. to Hiroshima after World War II D. has always been located in Osaka E. none of the above 118. Japans natural landscapes: A. resemble those of populous South Asia: wide alluvial valleys crowded by millions of farmers, plateau country elsewhere B. being tropical, consists of dense stands of forest and clearings of farmland *C. are mountainous and hilly, with flat land at a premium D. consist of all the usual landforms except mountains, which are not found anywhere on the islands E. delayed Japans modernization by inhibiting contact and communications with the Asian mainland 119. Which of the following statements is false? *A. Most Japanese are Buddhists. B. Japan has the most unvaried population of its size in the world. C. The Ainu were the first inhabitants of Japan. D. Shoguns were military rulers in Japan. E. Japan remained isolated for many years until the American fleet sailed into Japanese harbors in the 1850s.

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120. The Japanese Empire began with the conquering of: A. Manchuria B. Korea C. Kurile Island *D. Ryukyu Islands E. Taiwan

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121. Japans population: *A. is just above 125 million, crowded on limited land on a few islands B. is almost 50 percent urbanizeda high figure for a recently developed country C. can be adequately fed (despite its size) by Japan's farmers and fishermen D. is moving to the rural areas; the percentage of farmers in recent years has been increasing E. has the highest physiological density in the world 122. Japans largest and main island, containing the Japanese capital and almost all of its core area is: A. Kyushu *B. Honshu C. Shikoku D. Hokkaido C. Taiwan 123. Japans leading region of urbanization and industry (and agriculture as well) is the: A. Kansai District B. Kobe-Osaka-Kyoto Region C. Nagoya Area *D. Kanto Plain E. Kyushu 124. Japans dominant urban and industrial region which also contains the countrys largest city, is the __________ Plain. A. Kansai B. Nobi C. Kyushu *D. Kanto E. Nagasaki 125. The largest conurbation in Japan is: *A. Tokyo-Yokohama-Kawasaki C. Kyoto D. Nagoya B. Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto E. Shanghai

126. Which of the following cities is located in the Kansai District? A. Tokyo B. Kanto *C. Osaka D. Nagoya E. Nagasaki 127. The ________ is Japans Mediterranean. A. Yellow Sea B. Sea of Okhtosk harbor E. Sea of Shrimp *C. Seto Inland Sea D. Tokyo

128. ________ percent of Japans labor force is engaged in agricultural production in the 1990s. *A. Less than 8 B. About 33 C. 55 D. 60 E. More than 65 129. The location in Japan best situated to do business with Korea and China is: A. Tokyo B. the Kanto plain C. the Nobi plain D. Seto *E. Kitakyushu

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130. Japan assigns more than ____percent of its farmland to food crops. *A. 90 B. 40 C. 10 D. 70 E. 5

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131. Japans recent economic problems are a result of all of the following except: A. a dependence on foreign oil B. the rise of other economic powers in East Asia, like Korea C. financial mismanagement D.losses in investments made in other countries *E. four major earthquakes in the 1990s that led to 3 million deaths and billions of dollars in losses 132. Which of the following statements about Japan is false? A. Relations with Russia are rocky as a result over a dispute concerning the Kurile Islands B. Relations with Korea are difficult because of Japanese behavior during World War II C. The population of Japan is aging, creating a labor shortage D. Japanese tourists, seeing how those in the West live, are now dissatisfied with life in Japan *E. Japan has numerous ethnic minorities that lead to significant internal strife

Korea133. North and South Korea may be said to be in a situation of: A. joint state capitalism B. joint economic development C. areal functional specialization *D. regional complementarity E. industrial inertia 134. The primate city and capital of South Korea is: A. Pusan B. Pyongyang C. Taipei *D. Seoul E. Canton 135. The outcome of the Korean War in the 1950s was: A. defeated North Korea was returned to the control of Japan B. victory for the South, which soon became communist *C. a military stalemate resulting in the continued division of the country D. a short pause, followed by renewed war that still drags on to this day E. the unification of the two Koreas 136. South Koreas growth has resulted from an economic system described as: A. communism B. laissez faire capitalism C. Korean economics *D. state capitalism E. socialism

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137.Taiwan was at one time a colony of: A. Russia B. the United States D. Australia E. none of the above

*C. Japan

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138. Which of the following statements is false? A. The capital of Taiwan is Tapei. B. Taiwan exports personal computers. C. More than 21 million people live in Taiwan. *D. The Taiwanese can not keep pace economically with the mainland Chinese. E. Taiwan recently held free elections for a parliament. 139. Taiwan is off the coast of: A. Australia *B. China D. Africa E. Japan C. India

140. The Nationalist leader who led 2 million refugees to Taiwan during the Communist takeover of the mainland and then established the Republic of China on that island, was: A. Zhou Enlai B. Sun Yat-sen C. Kim Il Sung *D. Chiang Kai-shek E. Mao Zedong 141. The Peoples Republic of China also claims the island of: A. Hokkaido B. Honshu *C. Taiwan D. Kurile E. Gobi

Chapter 9 East AsiaTrue-False Introduction1. East Asia is the hub of the evolving regional area known as the Pacific Rim. (T) 2. For many years, Japans economy was growing at a much faster rate than the rest of East Asia. (T)

Natural Environments3. 4. 5. Loess is a wind-borne soil deposit. (T) The Huang He (Yellow River) flows around the Ordos Desert. (T) Like the United States, China has low-lying plains in the east and deserts and mountains in the west. (T)

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6. 7. 8. 9.

Chinese civilization is at least 4,000 years old. (T) Like Mesopotamia, China saw many other peoples enter the area bringing new ideas. (F) The culture hearth of Chinese civilization is located in the central Huang He (Yellow River) Valley near the confluence of the Chang River. (F) The Huang He (Yellow River) source area of ancient China received extensive stimuli from Mesopotamia and the Indus. (F)

10. The oldest Chinese dynasty of which much is known is the Han Dynasty. (F) 11. China reached its greatest spatial extent under the Manchu dynasty. (T)

China Proper12. The communist partys hold over China remains as strong as ever. (T)

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Chinese Perspectives13. Nixon ended Chinas isolation by his visit in 1972. (T) 14. China is a mountain-, desert-, and forest-encircled fortress. (T) 15. China has always interacted with the European continent and has carried on trade during all periods of history. (F) 16. From the Chinese perspective, China has had the most advanced culture through much of history. (T) 17. In the Chinese view, Xian eclipsed Rome as a center of sophistication. (T) 18. Territorially, China is nearly twice as large as the United States, including Alaska. (F) 19. Chinas colder climates extend further south than is the case in the United States. (T)

Evolving China20. The Han Dynasty was China's formative period; Chinese still call themselves the people of Han. (T) 21. Confucius was the widely respected ruler of the Han Dynasty, which lasted for nearly 40 years during the second century A.D. (F) 22. The Opium Wars were fought because European merchants wanted to stop the Chinese from exporting the opium they grew. (F) 23. Chinas opponent in the first Opium War (1839-1842) was Russia. (F) 24. Extraterritoriality was a principle whereby Chinese citizens were compelled to fight in armies to further the European colonialists designs outside of China. (F) 25. The Germans occupied the Shandong peninsula. (T) 26. The shortest route from Vladivostok to the Russian heartland is across Northeast China. (T) 27. The Boxer Rebellion was a reaction by the Chinese to foreigners. (T)

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28. The boycott of Japanese goods by the Chinese after World War I was known as the May Fourth Movement. (T) 29. Both Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai were among the communist peasant forces that took part in the Long March. (T) 30. The leader of the famous Long March of the 1930s was Sun Yat-sen. (F) 31. The Long March was the Chinese name given to the retreat of China's forces before the World War II onslaught of the Japanese. (F) 32. The Long March took Chinese Communists from Shanghai to Taiwan. (F) 33. Japan dominated the Northeast during World War II. (T) 34. The nationalists were forced to move to Taiwan by the ascendancy of the communists. (T) 35. The first leader of Chinas Nationalist government was Mao Zedong, who later broke away from his associates to lead the Communist Revolution. (F) 36. The Japanese introduced a much more benevolent government to China during World War II. (F) 37. Mao Zedong declared the Peoples Republic of China in 1919. (F)

Chinas Human Geography38. The stated purpose of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was to return to strict orthodox communism. (T) 39. Chinas 22 provinces, like U.S. states, tend to be smaller in the east and larger in the west. (T) 40. Mao resisted the idea of population control. (T) 41. China today has a one child policy aimed at controlling population. (T) 42. A relaxation of Chinas one-child policy allows ethnic minority groups to have more than one child. (T) 43. Chinas target population for the year 2000 was 1.0 billion. (F) 44. China has approximately 1.3 billion people. (T) 45. In the early 1970s, Chinas rate of population growth was about 3 percent; by

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the mid-1980s, it was lowered to about 1.2 percent. (T) 46. Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai are three of Chinas largest cities. (T) 47. While the Han Chinese predominate the overall population of China, minorities dominate large regions of the country. (T)

People and Place of China Proper48. The Chang River has been known to westerners as the Yangzi River. (T) 49. Within Northeast China, areas of greatest productive capacity and largest population lie in the north, separated from China Proper. (F) 50. Chinas industrial advances, particularly in the Northeast, were a success in the 1970s. (T) 51. The Northeast is not an important Chinese region in part because of its landlocked status. (F) 52. The Northeast is the traditional home of the Manchus. (T) 53. The Huang He (Yellow River) is known for its steady regime and permanent course. (F) 54. Shenyang is a major city in Liaoning Province in the Northeast. (T) 55. The North China Plain is one of the worlds most heavily populated farming areas. (T) 56. Beijing is the capital of China. (T) 57. The North China Plain is a good example of a national core area. (T) 58. The majority of Chinas international trade goes through Beijing. (F) 59. Tianjin is the major port for the North China Plain. (T) 60. The North China Plain is one of the least fertile areas in China. (F) 61. The Grand Canal connects the Chang Basin's productive farmlands to the northern core. (T) 62. Guangzhou is the leading Chinese city of the Xi (West)/Pearl River Delta. (T) 63. The North China Plain contains the Chang Jiang or Yangzi River. (F)

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64. Inner Mongolia has a mostly Mongolian population. (F) 65. The Gobi is in Inner Mongolia. (T) 66. The Liao Basin is one of the most productive agricultural regions of the Guangzhou area of South China. (F) 67. South China is a burgeoning economic area. (T) 68. The Xi (West)/Pearl River is in the Northeast. (F) 69. Sichuan is one of Chinas smallest provinces, but is important for its gold and silver mines. (F) 70. The largest city at the mouth of the Xi (West)/Pearl River is Guangzhou. (T) 71. The Three Georges Dam has been an enormous success with little environmental impact. (F)

Xizang (Tibet)72. Tibet was annexed by China in 1958, and its population (including Chinese immigrants) remains slightly more than 2 million today. (T) 73. Xizang is part of China proper. (F) 74. Xizang is one of the five autonomous regions in China. (T) 75. The Dalai Lama is associated with Tibet. (T) 76. The Chinese have attempted to destroy Tibetan culture. (T) 77. Xizang is located on the outskirts of the Gobi. (F)

Xinjiang78. Xinjiang is Chinas largest administrative area. (T) 79. Xinjiang and Junggar are two of the most heavily populated regions of China Proper. (F) 80. Large oilfields exist in Chinas Junggar Basin in Xinjiang. (T) 81. Xinjiang border Southeast Asia. (F) 82. Xinjiang includes significant areas of deserts. (T)

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83. The Chinese government has been successful in raising the Chinese population of Xinjiang to significant proportions. (T)

The Pacific Rim in China84. The reformist Chinese leader who followed Mao was named Deng. (T)

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Geography of Development85. The drive-to-maturity stage of Rostows economic growth model involves the emergence of a post-industrial economy. (F)

Chinas Development under Communism86. Subsequent to the death of Mao Zedong in 1976, an ideological struggle between orthodox Marxists and pragmatic moderates was eventually won by the orthodox Marxists. (F)

Transforming the Economic Map87. Exclusive economic zones are areas in China where foreign investment is permitted. (T) 88. Chinas Shenzhen is a Special Economic Zone. (T) 89. Shenzhen has now ended its role as an SEZ now that Hong Kong (Xianggang) has reunited with China. (F) 90. Special Economic Zones are areas in China where agriculture is not permitted. (F) 91. Shenzhen is the most successful Special Economic Zone because it is close to Hong Kong (Xianggang). (T)

Hong Kong (Xianggang)92. Hong Kong (Xianggang) includes a number of islands and the Kowloon Peninsula. (T) 93. The British left Hong Kong (Xianggang) in 1997. (T) 94. The Chinese could have applied pressure for the return of Hong Kong (Xianggang) long ago, but preferred to keep it as a window to the West. (T) 95. Hong Kong (Xianggang) is being allowed to keep its current economic system for a minimum of 50 years under the rule of the PRC. (T) 96. When the Chinese too over Hong Kong (Xianggang), they instituted a socialist economy. (F)

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China: A Global Superpower97. Mao died in 1998. (F) 98. The Chinese leaders who took control in the late 1970s were pragmatists. (T) 99. The current Chinese army is well equipped and well prepared. (F)

Mongolia100. Mongolia has had much closer ties with Russia than with China. (T) 101. Ulaanbaatar is Mongolias largest city. (T) 102. Mongolias is even more densely settled than China. (F) 103. Mongolia is a good example of a buffer state. (T)

Japan104. Japans four large islands are Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, and Sakhalin. (F) 105. The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor brought the U.S. into World War I. (F) 106. Japan forged a major colonial empire in Asia. (T) 107. Japans territorial dispute with Russia is over four small islands in the Kurile Island chain. (T) 108. The Meiji Restoration preceded the 1853 arrival of Commodore Perry's flotilla, and hailed this contact immediately as a major new trading opportunity. (F) 109. The Meiji Restoration overthrew the old rulers of Japan and brought to power a group of Western-oriented reformers. (T) 110. To symbolize modernization, the Meiji rulers shifted the capital from Kyoto to Tokyo. (T) 111. With more than 125 million people, Japan uses its living space very intensively. (T) 112. One reason for Japans great industrial achievement is that the Japanese from the very beginning of contact welcomed the Europeans to their country. (F)

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113. In terms of coal, iron ore, and petroleum, Japan is better supplied by domestic resources than the British Isles. (F) 114. With the single exception of Kyoto, all primary and secondary cities of Japan lie on the coast. (T) 115. Approximately 77 percent of Japans population lives in urban areas. (T) 116. Less than one-fifth of Japans total area is under cultivation. (T) 117. Japans core area is developing along the shores of the Yellow Sea. (F) 118. On a southwest-bound trip on the Tokkaido bullet train out of Tokyo, the city of Nagoya is reached before Osaka. (T) 119. The island of Hokkaido lies outside of Japans core area. (T) 120. The Nobi Plain lies between the Kansai District and the Kanto Plain. (T)

121. Despite industrialization, Japan still has a large agricultural sector that employs more than one-third of the labor force. (T) 122. Japans fishing industry in recent years has out-produced even that of the United States. (T) 123. Unlike other Asian countries, where rice is the staple crop, Japan depends mainly on wheat. (F) 124. Japan is now one of the worlds leaders in aquaculture. (T)

Korea125. 126. 127. North and South Korea have a de facto boundary at the 38th parallel. (T) South Korea developed under a socialist system. (F) North and South Korea will soon reunite into one country. (F)

128. The superimposed political boundary separating the two Koreas has done little to halt trade and population movements between the two political entities. (F) 129. The economies of North and South Korea are complementary and both states would have much to gain by reunification. (T) 130. North Korea has numerous raw materials; the South is more agricultural. (T) 131. North Korean products are now being sold all over South America, Africa,

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and Asia. (F)

Taiwan132. (T) Taiwan ranks ahead of the Peoples Republic of China as a trading nation.

133. When Chiang Kai-Shek died in 1925, Sun Yat-sen became the leader of the Nationalist Chinese. (F) 134. Taiwan was invaded by the Communist Chinese in 1945. (F) 135. The capital of Taiwan is Taipei. (T)

136. Taiwan was controlled by the Japanese during World War II, who made many improvements in the islands economic infrastructure while they occupied the country. (T) 137. Taiwan for a half-century after 1895 was under Japanese rule. (T) 138. Taiwan is also known as the ROC. (T) 139. A substantial portion of Taiwanese trade is with the PRC. (T) 140. The PRC still considers the ROC as a renegade province. (T) 141. The communization of Chinese agriculture began in the 1950s. (T) 142. About 25 percent of Chinas population live in rural areas. (F)

143. Although they experienced difficulties in getting along with each other in the early years following the Communist revolution, China and the former Soviet Union were always close friends and allies from the mid-1960s until the fall of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s. (F)

Matching144. To date the only SEZ which has elicited a major developmental and investment response from abroad (E) 145. Chinas most influential philosopher (C) 146. A system of Chinese writing which was adopted in 1958 to establish a standard form of writing the Chinese language (B) 147. The dilution of communist ideology with doses of capitalism (D) 148. Denoting a situation in which foreign states or international organizations and their representatives are immune from the jurisdiction of the country in which

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they are present (A) A. Extraterritoriality B. Pinyin C. Kongfuzi D. Revisionism E. Shenzhen

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149. The Chinese dynasty which was overthrown in 1911(C) 150. The most important river in China for commercial purposes (A) 151. The urban focus of the entire South China region (B) 152. The buffer state between Russia and the Peoples Republic of China (E) 153 River in South China (D) A. Chang B. Guangzhou C. Manchu D. Xi (West)/Pearl E. Mongolia 154. Tiananmen Square (C) 155. Nationalist Chinese capital (A) 156. Dalai Lamas former domain (D) 157. Port City (B) 158. Northeast (E) A. Taipei B. Tianjin C. Beijing D. Xizang (Tibet) E. Shenyang 159. Interior Karamay oilfields (D) 160. Xi (West)/Pearl River (B) 161. Goal of Long March (C) 162. Chinas largest city (A) 163. Upper basin of Huang He (E) A. Shanghai B. Guangzhou C. Shaanxi Province D. Junggar Basin E. Ordos Desert

Fill Ins164. The uplands located in the central Huang Basin which are composed of thick, highly-fertile, wind-borne soil deposits (probably from the nearby Ordos Desert) are known as the__________Plateau. (loess) 165. The dynasty of the period from about 200 B.C. to A.D. 200 was so influential in the formation of China that most Chinese today still consider themselves the

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people of__________. (Han)

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166. The region of China that was the home of the countrys last dynastic rulers, which is often called Manchuria by geographically-uninformed outsiders, is__________. (The Northeast) 167. The politico-geographical principle under which citizens of a foreign state are exempted from the legal jurisdiction of the country in which they are present, is called__________. (extraterritoriality) 168. The leader of the legendary Long March through interior China was __________. (Mao Zedong) 169. The most important of China's Rivers, which is largely served by the seaport of Shanghai, is the__________. (Chang Jiang) 170. A movement of great upheaval known as __________ was launched by Mao Zedong in the late 1960s to prevent revisionism and rekindle enthusiasm for the Chinese Communist system. (the cultural revolution) 171. The crucial third stage of development in the Rostow model, where the transition from UDC to DC is made as an industrial revolution spawns sustained and self-perpetuating national economic growth, is called the__________stage. (takeoff)

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