taste disorders after tonsillectomy
TRANSCRIPT
1
Taste disorders after tonsillectomy
Author: Aleksandra Borovika, Riga Stradins UniversityScientific research supervisor: Dr. Gunta Sumeraga, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology; Riga Stradins University, Department of Surgery
16.03.2016., Rīga
2
Sense of taste allow us to perceive different flavors from substances that we consume as food and drink.[1]
Introduction1
http://www.hungryforchange.tv/article/what-eating-
too-much-sugar-does-to-your-brain
http://www.chemistdirect.co.uk/
chlorhexidine-mouthwash-mint/prd-gid
http://
nutritionovereasy.com/
2016/01/could-cutting-back-
on-salt-lead-to-thyroid-
problems/
https://www.organicfacts.net/health-benefits/
fruit/health-benefits-of-lemon.html
3
Tonsillectomy is one of the most common surgical procedures in otolaryngology.
Introduction2
https://sites.google.com/site/
dranhtruong/bellevue-tonsillitishttp://www.drugs.com/mcd/tonsillitis
4
Taste disorder is an unusual complication of tonsillectomy and in most cases transient.
Possible cause of it is direct or indirect damage to the glossopharyngeal nerve or its lingual branch during the procedure.
» The damage depends on anatomical localization of the nerve. [2]
Introduction3
5
Types of taste disturbances: »Ageusia- complete taste loss
»Dysgeusia- distorted taste perception
»Hypogeusia- reduced ability to taste
»Phantogeusia- gustatory hallucination [3]
Introduction4
6
Taste disorders » difficulties in detection of spoiled food or beverages
» difficulties in detection presence of food to which person have an allergy
» depression and a reduced desire to eat [4]
» weight loss and malnutrition
» harm to the immune system and worsening of other medical conditions [5]
Introduction5
https://melanomanewstoday.com/2015/03/06/researchers-discover-pathway-responsible-for-taste-loss-in-skin-cancer-
patients-under-chemotherapy-treatment/
7
To prove that some patients who had undergone tonsillectomy in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital’s Otolaryngology clinic can experience transient taste disorders during two weeks after the surgery.
Aim
8
A prospective study was conducted, involving patients who had undergone tonsillectomy and healthy people who had not undergone tonsillectomy as a control group.
1. An anonymous survey in pre-operative period
2. An anonymous survey in second post-operative day
3. Taste test
» chlorhexidine (0.025%; 0.05%), glucose (2%; 10%), citric acid (0.5%; 7.5%) and sodium chloride (0.5%; 2.5%)
4. An anonymous telephone survey at third week after operation
Materials and Methods
9
Results
55,9% (n=19) male
44.1% (n=15) female
the average age: 38 (SD 12,4)
40% (n=14) male
60% (n=21) female
the average age:29,8 (SD 15,2)
49,3% (n=34)
experimental group
50,7% (n=35)
control group
69 participants
10
Taste test results: taste disorders
32.4% (11 of 34) 8.6% (3 of 35)
11
Results: taste disorders at 3rd post- operative week
11,8% (4 of 34)Reported subjective taste
disorders at 3rd post-
operative week
12
Survey results: subjective evaluation of sense of taste
Reported taste
disorders before
tonsillectomy
Experimental group:
» 4.3% (1 of 23) no taste disorders
» 45.5% (5 of 11) taste disorders
» 50% (2 of 4) taste disorders at 3rd post-op. week
Reported taste
disorders before
taste test
Experimental group:
» 17,4% (4 of 23) no taste disorders
» 45.5 (5 of 11) taste disorders
» 75% (3 of 4) taste disorders at 3rd post-op. week
Control group:
» 3.1% (1 of 32) no taste disorders
» 0% (0 of 3) taste disorders
before tonsillectomy after tonsillectomy
13
Survey results: subjective evaluation of sense of smell
Reported smell
disorders before
tonsillectomy
Experimental group:
» 8.7% (2 of 23) no taste disorders
» 18.2% (2 of 11) taste disorders
» 25% (1 of 4) taste disorders at 3rd post-op. week
Reported smell
disorders before
taste test
Experimental group:
» 13.0% (3 of 23) no taste disorders
» 18.2% (2 of 11) taste disorders
» 25% (1 of 4) taste disorders at 3rd post-op. week
Control group:
» 6.3% (2 of 32) no taste disorders
» 0% (0 of 3)
before tonsillectomy after tonsillectomy
14
Results: evaluation of sense of smell at 3rd week after operation
No one had smell disorder
15
Factors that did not reveal significant difference between respondents with and without taste disorders
Upper respiratory tract infections (running nose, sore throat etc.) over the past two months
Smoking
Sinusitis over the past two months
Head or facial trauma/ surgery (middle ear surgery, oral or dental surgery etc.) over the past six months
Medications (antibiotics, antidepressants, hypotensive drugs etc.) on a long-term basis
Chronic diseases (diabetes, renal or hepatic failure, HIV, cancer etc.)
Poor oral hygiene
Oral infection or inflammation (gingivitis, oral abscess, oral candidasis etc.) over the past three months
Poisoning with any chemical agent recently
Poor nutrition
16
Some patients who undergo tonsillectomy in Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital’s Otolaryngology clinic can experience transient taste disorders during two weeks after operation.
It is necessary to take into account that methods of study are based on patient’s subjective perceptions of his taste (annonymous survey, taste test with chemical solutions).
It is necessary to continue the study in order to get more accurate statistical results. If it is possible, use more objective method, e.g. taste test with more graded chemical solutions.
Conclusions
17
[1]https://www.boundless.com/psychology/textbooks/boundless-psychology-textbook/sensation-and-perception-5/sensory-processes-38/gustation-taste-buds-and-taste-163-12698/
[2] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12816225
[3] http://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/1215/p852.html
[4] http://www.masseyeandear.org/for-patients/patient-guide/patient-education/diseases-and-conditions/smell-and-taste-disorders/taste-disorders
[5] https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/Encyclopedia/Content.aspx?ContentTypeID=85&ContentID=P00466
Taste test: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19701761
Image sources: http://www.how-to-draw-cartoons-online.com/cartoon-house.html and https://www.pinterest.com/pin/311874342924270709/
Information sources
18
Thank you for attention!
Special thanks to Dr. Sabīne Atte1
for help in finding patients for experimental group
1Riga Stradins University, Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital, Department of Otorhinolaryngology