Jeremy Bird International Water Management InstituteBudapest Water Summit28-30 November 2016

Based on the work of Tushaar Shah, Karen Villholth, Paul Pavelic and partners

Taming the Anarchy –towards sustainable use of groundwater

Photo: Hamish John Appelby / IWMI

How much longer can groundwater management remain ‘off’ the mainstream water agenda?

Source: IWMI

Need for transitional solutions – e.g. separate feeders in India

• Elusive problem – subsidy; excessive pumping; over abstraction; financial loss to utilities

• Pragmatic solution - separation of electricity supply to villages and pumps

• Outcome - reduced electricity use, recovering water tables, improved power supply to domestic users, higher yields

• India has 130,000 GW of installed pumping capacity in electric and diesel tube wells

• Shifting to a solar power source could reduce India’s Greenhouse Gas emissions by up to 6%

• Threat of over-use and resource depletion

• Adopt a hybrid approach –solar irrigation + feed in tariff

• Provides a ‘nexus’ solution Agricultural livelihoods -Energy - Water - Climate

Solar irrigation - the ‘opportunity’ and the ‘risk’

Solar pumps offer 2800-3000 hrs/yr of top quality, day-time power, free.

SPaRC:You cannot charge Rs 7/unit of grid power to farmers; BUT YOU CAN PAY THEM Rs 7 FOR THEIR SURPLUS SOLAR POWER

WHICH THEY DO NOT USE TO PUMP WATER

MGVCL’s 25 year Power purchase guarantee at Rs 4.63/unit

Project Green Energy Bonus: Rs 1.25/kWh Project Water Conservation Bonus: Rs 1.25/kWh

Total Feed in Tariff: Rs 7. 13/kWh

Earned Rs 90,000/ in 4 months

IWMI CCAFS Pilot: Solar Power as a Remunerative Crop

A water-secure world w w w . i w m i . o r g

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Cumulative Income from MGVCL

Cumulative Bonus from IWMI

kWh Used in Irrigation

kWh Sold to Grid

Before energy sale began After energy sale began

Solar Power Sales

Incentives at work in reducing abstractions – triple win

A water-secure world w w w . i w m i . o r g

Cooperative members receive first payments for energy sales

A water-secure world w w w . i w m i . o r g

Solarising 15 million 6.5 kW grid-connected solar irrigation pumps would give 100 GW solar capacity targeted by 2022

Gains from

SPaRC

US $ 800/ year/solar

farmer

Grid Power subsidy

savings US $ 11 billion/year

30-35 % drop in Groundwater

use in irrigation

CO2 emissions drops by 13 mmt/ year

Release 30% of grid

capacity

150 billion kWh solar

/year

A water-secure world w w w . i w m i . o r g

www.iwmi.org

Water for a food-secure world

>60% of inner Ganges Basin potentially suitable for managed aquifer recharge

Rethinking storage: retaining flood water underground – a new reality?

GRIPP – objectives• Enhance the role of groundwater management in reaching the SDGs • Showcase and out-scale success stories• Support governments in adopting evidence-based policies and approaches• Implement research that enhances and sustains groundwater benefits

Groundwater Solutions Initiative for Policy and Practice (GRIPP)

1. Groundwater and Food Security

2. Groundwater for Sustainable Development

3. Groundwater, Water Security and Climate Change Adaptation

4. Groundwater and Energy

5. Transboundary Aquifers

6. Groundwater Governance

GRIPP Program Areas/Themes

TopIrrigation project near Ziway, Ethiopia

Picture credit: Petterik Wiggers

BottomPumping groundwater to irrigate fields in Nepal

Picture credit: Fraser Sugden

GRIPP Knowledge Products

Case Study Briefs Series No 1

Aquifer Contracts - A Means to Solving Groundwater Over-exploitation in Morocco?

http://gripp.iwmi.org

GRIPP Collaborating Partners (current)

www.iwmi.org https://wle.cgiar.org/https://ccafs.cgiar.org/

Photo: Prashanth Vishwanathan/IWMI