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May 12,2015 ¨Talking about¨ -Traditions and life styles. -Different means of transportation. -Seasons and weather.

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Page 1: Talking about

May 12,2015

¨Talking about¨

- Traditions and life styles.

- Different means of transportation.

- Seasons and weather.

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SOYAPANGO

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ENGLISH ONE

HOMEWORK: TALKING ABOUT

STUDENT’S NAME: GERSON OTONIEL ALVARADO RAMOS

TEACHER’S NAME: JORGE ALBERTO MIRA CORTEZ

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DATE: MAY 12, 2015

TALKING ABOUT TRADITIONS AND LIFE STYLES.

TRADITIONS: Traditions are a set of cultural patterns inherited from a generation earlier.Between tradicione we have:

FESTIVITIES:

The party bosses, a pattern is a saint who is regarded as the intercessor and advocate in the heaven of a nation, place, craft, activity, class, or person.

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AMONG THE FESTIVITIES WE CAN MENTION:

Festivities in honor of the Savior of the world (San Salvador, capital of El Salvador)

Each time you arrive at the civic-religious calendar, the August festivities of the Divine Savior of the World, the Salvadoran heart is filled with joy and come to mind memories of the past to mingle with the ardent desire for a better future.

The festival is held from 1 to 6 August. On August 5 takes just a procession in which the transfiguration scene is represented, some decades now, as a lowering of the image of the Divine Savior dressed in red or purple, in a beautifully adorned tube, then aparacer up and radiant, dressed in white, with the devout enthusiasm of the people.

THE PROCESSION OF PALMS:

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The feast is celebrated on May 13 in Los Planes de Renderos in honor of the Virgin Mary the most popular and colorful festival of the town called Cultural Fair flowers and palms or simply palms procession in honor of the Virgin Mary, festival by a Brotherhood of flowers and palms.

Every year panchimalco people gather to celebrate the procession of palms which indicates the beginning of the rainy season.

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A panchita lies along the route of the procession passing through the main streets of panchimalco.

THE PROCESSION OF JESUS CAPTIVE:

The ritual of the procession of Jesus Captive patron of Zacatecoluca fulfiled 115 years why Catholics went on pilgrimage church of Calvary and from there toured the different neighborhoods of the city.

The platform, which bears the image that is loaded on the shoulders of a hundred devotees of the image, then a Mass celebrated in thanksgiving and later a

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dawn, closing this way the festivities in the neighborhood El Calvario, Zacatecoluca , in honor of Jesus Cautivo.

The procession of the image, which is celebrated on the last Sunday of January each year, turned 116 years of tradition.

Captive Jesus is carried on shoulders, during the tour by streets, avenues and neighborhoods of the town, by a hundred faithful devotees as a penance for miracles conceived by the Holy. Others, penitence as always, accompany the image during barefoot path; some more, especially women, put a white cloth on his forehead and other concoct "candles" of up to two meters high and about four inches thick to last them for 24 hours of travel. Others he was given robes to the image.

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THE ENCOUNTERS OF CUMPAS:

The villagers from Jayaque, in La Libertad, enthusiastically performed the final preparations for the annual festival dedicated to the compadres San Lucas, patron of Cuisnahuat, and San Cristobal, patron of the place.

The announcement of the visit of "cumpa" (godfather) San Lucas

The tradition reflects the enthusiasm, belief and faith of the locals. A month before the holidays begin, the brotherhood of Jayaque sends an invitation from the employer San Cristobal to San Lucas,

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patron of Cuisnahuat, Sonsonate, accompany you to spend the winter at home. All for a good harvest in both municipalities.

This is how every year, parishioners and devotees traveling with the image of St. Christopher's shoulder to Cuisnahuat to accompany the coming of San Lucas.

In his tour of the mountains and roads, both employers make a stop at Tepecoyo to meet in a festive atmosphere with other cumpa, the employer of the town, Saint Stephen.

Every July 23 the cumpas reach the Jayaque where villagers are waiting for the music, rockets, and how much activity denote festive atmosphere.

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As the two images come together for their journey, San Cristobal ahead to enter first and get to San Lucas.

The meeting, known as La Topa of Cumpas, both employers greet and the mayors of the two cities, while parishioners are honored to be a guest at home, and between noise of drums, images are taken to church to celebrate a Mass.

In this celebration the food is the order of the day, without missing the typical drinks: the squat and chicha, where the leading candidates to savor cumpas chargers are images that have walked several kilometers to allow the encuentro.En this activity, members of the brotherhood with drum and whistle through the streets of the town to demand the offering of foods like chicken, rice or meat, so that travelers

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can cumpas have to eat during the holidays.

This year will be held for the second time the festival squat and chicha, in the framework of the celebration dedicated to meet the saints.

Jayaque is the only municipality in the country with the approval of the Legislative Assembly to produce the two alcoholic beverages from corn, tied sweet and fruit, which are preserved for several days. This just in the period of the holidays.

THE PROCESSION OF SAN ISIDRO LABRADOR:

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In honor of San Isidro Labrador, patron of the good harvests of coffee, vegetables and grains, is held annually, with a dawn, sharing shuco atole, a parade and dance, residents and municipal authorities of San Isidro, Cabañas, inaugurated the festivities in honor of San Isidro Labrador. Activities will take place from 7 to 15 mayo.Se novena Masses made there an hour after dawn and atole Shuco is distributed in Central Park, the homecoming queen runs

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through the main streets of the city as part of the parade Mail.

La Casa de la Cultura, a fashion show, performances and traditional games competitions, piñatas bankruptcy and the inauguration of the First Festival of Creativity Craft. At night, a party.

It takes place a procession with the image of San Isidro Labrador through the main streets of the town. They also perform a serenade to the queen of the festivities, a parade, rodeo, sports events, parade of floats, burning gunpowder and dance.

To close the celebrations a Mass was celebrated in honor of the patron saint San Isidro Labrador

In every tradition of El Salvador one of the main ones are the typical comidad.

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TYPICAL FOODS:

Pupusas: a thick corn tortilla handmade which is filled with one or more of the following ingredients: cheese, pork, squash, beans or cheese loroco. There is also the revolt with mixed pupusas, like cheese, beans, pork ingredients The pupusas are the typical food more widespread in El Salvador probably because of its low cost and established tradition from generation to generation.

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Chilate: The chilate is a native of Central America beverage prepared from chili, roasted corn and cacao and that he usually added anise, pepper, ginger and cinnamon. Chilate served hot and is taken with sweets like donuts or nuégados.

TAMALES: is a generic name given to several indigenous origin American dishes usually made with cooked corn dough. In our country there are two types of corn tamales and corn dough. The Corn wrapped in husks from the same plant and

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beans can's take them in and the dough are wrapped in leaves orchard (mattes banana or banana) can be sweet or salados.los also two types are shown in pictures.

CHICHARRON CASSAVA: Cassava with pork rind is a typical dish of El Salvador and Honduras for their preparation is cooked cassava with a little salt until soft. It is served with seasoned cabbage, tomato sauce and Greaves

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Totopostes: This snack is made from corn and has become a tradition. Its development is handmade and has been passed from generation to generation.

Corn, butter, margarine, salt and sweet tied are the ingredients used in the manufacture of these typical snacks from the east.

After cooking the corn, grind and prepare the dough is shaped hands and ready to be cooked on a handmade oven, where they receive fire up to three hours.

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TRADITIONAL GAMES:

The Capirucho: The Capirucho also called: bearing, ticayo, emobote.Es a toy juggling generally composed of a wooden shaft attached by a rope to a golden ball.

Way to play:

It can be played individually or collectively. The game consists of the stick inserted by clicking on Capirucho as many consecutive times. If you fail you lose the turn.

A "hundred" means putting the stick in the Capirucho ten times without fail.

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The powers by plucking out to be interesting when the group of participants is large.

The spin: It is a wooden toy consisting of a top shaped like a diamond accompanied by a rope. You should wrap the rope around then and give a boost pointing to the ground.

Here are some tricks to play and entrenerse with spin:

Dance on the floor and raise his hand, holding it as long rotating in hand.

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Place a spin within the circle marked on the ground and make group play, so no matter who makes more brands to spin the circle.

The marbles: The marble is a small sphere of glass, clay or parts of ceramics. In this game you can participate in group and so demonstrate your skill and accuracy

This is a form of play:

Place the marbles or marbles inside a circle marked on the ground, the circle must have two quarters in diameter (two open palms) with a line shot about 6 steps. All players put a chibola in the circle, he

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inociará when all players throw the marbles or marbles from the circle to the line shooting begins and so the order of the following, will be launched from the firing line to the circle, In order to take as many marbles circle and win.

The Jackses: This game can be performed in a comfortable space where participants can sit comfortably in the suelo.Los Jackes are thrown to the ground and bounces a rubber ball down while the ball is in the air are collected the Jackese one by one in the first round. Then they collected by twos,

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threes, and so on to collect all jackses. You should receive the ball with one hand, you must not move any of the jackses when being collected others.

The player who achieves a higher score.

ORAL TRADITIONS.

Are defined as oral tradition the way of transmitting culture from earlier times, experience the traditions of a society through stories, songs, prayers, legends, fables, spells, myths, stories, pumps, etc.

LEGENDS.

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CLICK:

Click was the Goddess of the fishermen. Out in Barra de Santiago, at night with moon on a white canoe paddling. Acayetl accompanied his beloved. Abundant fishing on those nights. Even today it is remembered.

It was in a distant time. In the Bar Pachacutec, a rich old but cruel she lived. He had a daughter promised by him to a Zutuhil prince. Chasca was called and was beautiful.

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One day she met a fisherman, handsome young man who was called acayetl. He lived on the island of Zanate.Y is amaron.Pero Pachacutec opposes this love. But every day, when the sun

opened his eyes behind the mountain, she escaped from the hut, situated between a forest of guarumos, and went to the beach where his raft acayetl from sweet singing one morning was canciones.Pero sad. Cajete the pool of golden dawn sun. A cold wind creeping neighbors scraping pineapples, smelling mixture. Blue, cold, sad and silent; sad and lonely; so was the pool of Cajete.De soon appeared a canoe. It was acayetl. He is running and already approached the beach, when the reeds of the shore a blind man shot an arrow. It was an envoy of Pachacutec. The fisherman was killed.

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And when the sea was turning red, a woman shouted at the beach. It was clicked.

He ran wild in his grief. Shortly after returning with a stone tied around his waist and he jumped into the water. The sea waves threw her on the body of the virgin.

Pachacutec died when he was a moonlit night. Then he first appeared Chasca in his canoe made of white wood, next to Acayelt.

In the landscape of sand and salt on the black background monster stirring, to the serene light of the full moon, Chasca with feather dress is the eternal white note Bar.

CADEJO

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A cadejo is a legendary animal of the extended Mesoamerican region between rural and even urban areas of Central America. It is said to be a mythical dog (or two dogs) that usually appears to wander late at night and which are attributed mysterious powers.

The different versions of the legend in Central cadejo described a white and one black (usually benign and malignant respectively), or just a single black cadejo (usually benign). Cadejo legend is the remnant of an ancient belief which assumes that every human has a pet. This

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mythical animal is twice the man, so the illness or death of the first to carry the illness or death of the second. Today, you can make comparisons of the above with Christian thought, which says that man has an angel gurdianque protects it from dangers. Belief implies the existence of an animal companion for every man. That animal is the white Cadejo. This character also has its pre-Columbian Mayan resonance spectrum in a beneficent guardian of the roads.

This animal accompanies man in all his travels lonely at night; and in version two cadejos, white protects and defends against evil spirits embodied in the Cadejo black, dark color symbolizing death, that is, evil in all its manifestations.

THE CIPITIO:

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The Cipitío or Cipitillo, originally called Cipit, is a legendary figure in El Salvador. It comes from a religious history of pre-Columbian era, telling your family tree and the reasons for which he was punished with his mother. Has very peculiar dress and customs, is credited with a variety of skills, abilities and supernatural powers, without prejudice, used for fun.

The character is an important part of the Salvadoran culture, taking place as an icon of ancestral remains the country. Authors and writers have taken up the figure in his

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works; it has also been the inspiration for the filming of a television series about Salvadoran cultural and social problems from the perspective of legend Cipitío.

SIGUANABA

As legend has it, all the revelers are likely to find it. However, more insistently pursues the lovers men, the Don Juans who boast of their conquests. To these, the Siguanaba are usually found in any pond in

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late at night, or riverbanks as other versions. The crate are bathing with gold and combing her beautiful black hair with a metal comb it, her beautiful body shines through her nightgown.

Traditions say that the man who goes crazy looking for it. Then the Siguanaba calls, and it is leading to a ravine. Teaches the face when already it has won, his face becomes like dead and rotten, his eyes out of their sockets and turn red as if bled, her smooth and delicate before skin becomes wrinkled and greenish, your nails grow and lets out a shrill laugh of terror which paralyzes the listener

FOLK DANCE OF EL SALVADOR

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Western Area:

- Jeu jeu: in December we can see a very special dance procession jeu jeu and is part of the Christmas celebrations of the city. Izalco brotherhoods gather to pay homage to the baby Jesus bringing "the offering of sheaves", these tree branches that receive that designation. These knuckles carry hooks or shaped

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hands, which corncobs and sometimes of different colors are placed cocoa pods. These are adorned with fringes of different colors. These brotherhoods gather in the square and dance in different groups. Then go in procession to the throne of God where child a person who is called the "balladeer" sings special songs of picaresque character to which viewers respond in chorus Jeu, which means agreeing with what has been said . As you could see this dance is a survivor of the ancient rites of our ancestors and that are related to the offering of the first fruits of the cornfields or request a good harvest.

- The cumpas: It is a traditional dance of western country, takes place when two

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people Jayaque (L Liberty) and Cuisnahuat (Sonsonate) are. Each village has its respective patron, St. Luke the Evangelist and St. Kitts, as are the festivities of these peoples from one visit to the other leading course of its patron saint, where he is received by all the people doing there greeting or stumbles hands and foreheads, or greeting the cumpas or compadres.In these festivals great pilgrimages, ranging from one city to another, carrying procession still go backstage where the images of the patron saints are made.The melody of "cumpas of Jayaque" I picked up the Philharmonic José Cabrera Valencia

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Zopilote dance

This dance is given in Concepcion de Ataco, Ahuachapan. It consists of oldies (masks) and a vulture in the center of the dance, the songs are popular in the area and string music (Compiled by Francisco Arj)

Central Zone:

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They are the Old: It is a comic expression, elderly people present but whose protagonists are full of young people emerged. The contrast between the masks with pronounced wrinkles and warts and agile movements of dancers provokes laughter of the public.

Today this tradition only retains the instrumental melody originally a ironizante know whether text, allegorical to senescence or other they sang.

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This group of men that give life to great lengths to one of the folk events best known in our country as dance "history" or "Dance of the Historians" or "Moors and Christians", this dance is performed in the month of May dedicated to the Virgin and September when it dedicated the Holy Cross in Rome.

For this dance 14 men divided into two companies or groups of 7 men are needed, forming the two sides on the one hand and Christians on the other Los Moros, their clothes are very rich of sizes, headdresses such as crowns for Christians adorned with flowers and helmets worn by the Moors who are adorned with figures of animals and ancient coins, bearing layer upon it a "toga" square and a small apron, both sides

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carry a machete making function sword in the "history".

Stories or stories are many here an example of them: David and Goliath, the twelve pairs of France,

Renegade of the sky, the Grand Duke of Medina, The story of Carlos V and the renegade Corinth. These conservatives are "testers" very old men who jealously guard their notebooks with stories, often blurred by the passage of time.

The Historians of Santiago Texacuangos: this dance is the fight of the Christians against the Moors, highlighting the exploits of St. James, patron of Spain and symbol of the struggles of the conquest of America.

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One of the stories that most used is "Renegade Heaven."

Escutcheons: this dance or dance is known as "dancing educated" and is a satirical representation of a Spanish wedding, the dress is very characteristic because it takes full suit with frock coat and top hat. to science and some are not known since when rendered.

The plot of the dance is: is the marriage of Lucrezia with Don Tomas de Castilla Rainer order to establish an alliance between two countries, Spain and Turkey. In this wedding 12 foreign ministers of different countries plus other characters like the priest, the bride herself and others participate.

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Cuche of the mountain, this dance is also known as "Cújtan-Cuyámet" is a very ancient dance of our country and can be played in time with the drum or Tepunahuaste, whistle and tepunahuaste.

"In Acalhuapa, Mejicanos and its contours are used to Cújtan Cuyamet also dance with a bride and groom are called" The Offering !, which serves for bridal parties or "marconandas" Indians, so-named because this are made the "Offering Half Real" which is customary among the Indians. That's why this is the "Offering" also called "Del Medio", now generally known by the name "Cújtan- Cuyamet" that accompanied the make the "Offering of the Dance" the Child Redeemer God. " (M. Baratta)

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They are the Torito Pinto in San Antonio Abad: dancing "torito pinto" is a pantomime with dance and singing, imitating his way "a Spanish bullfight." There are twelve comparsas, between men and women; picturesquely they are dressed in bright colors, decorated with paper flowers fringed hats. The making of "bull", imitating the animal wears a bull's head with cap secured to the waist; the dances in the middle of the circle to make the group. All in their hands a red scarf with which to stoke "bull" and this shows his gallantry and grace in rodeos dance ..........

The whistle and drum dance accompanying a Son rhythm of six eighths very choppy and moved; the melody is the most

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suggestive and encouraging, awakening in the listener that enthusiasm and joy as immediate to listen to music with Spanish influence.

The Historians of Santo Tomas: dance the "History" on December 21, the feast of St. Thomas the Apostle patron of this town.

The tiger and deer San Juan Nonualco: this dance is exhibited on May 3 or Day of the Cross. The main characters are the tiger and deer, played by two well characterized dancers. They accompany an old and old. He carries a gun and she a bow and arrow.

The community of San Juan Nonualco attributed a meaning to this dance, they consider that it is the payment of a

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promise they made a couple of neighbors. M. de la Caridad, when he once attacked the tiger in the forest. Desperate cried to that saint and immediately appeared a deer, who entertained the beast, until he came a hunter with his dogs and killed the tiger. Thereafter, the pair promised to represent this miracle annually during the festival dedicated to the Lord of Charity.

The dance accompanies rides the "levers" and also dance in homes that request them, for a small pay. Besides simulating a hunt, the movements of the actors playing the animals are very successful. The humorous part corresponds to the old and the highlight is the death of the tiger and dismembered in a simulated, delivering all the pieces and improvised limericks dedicating different people that are

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sometimes critical and memories of events that have occurred in the population . All the characters wear masks and the music that accompanies them is only drum.

Lice and fleas: dance that occurs in the village of SantiagoTexacuangos, dancers dress up in costumes representing different animals. The plot is a marriage between lice and fleas, while not much gives this dance, as the person in charge of carrying it out is the same directs hisotoriantes the people.

The basin: a musicale piece played in the neighborhoods of San Salvador in the past, it was a very popular piece but over time the real name of said composition is lost, so it came to be known as the basin that is

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the neighborhood. This dance is well known and is represented in many ULTURAL acts. They dance in the costume of volcaneña, much emphasize elements of female flirt and courtship from man.

Eastern Zone

The feathered Cacaopera: in this dance a wide band cross-over one shoulder leads and knotted at the bottom, a rattle in his right hand on his head a plume of feathers guaras takes, as the suit looks is very colorful, is danced with very soft music and

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where stands the violin, is danced only by men, the origin of this dance is very old goes back to the Lenca past of this population and now is danced in honor of the Virgin del Transito.

The black Cacaopera: Morazán department.

They are represented in Cacaopera especially on 14 and 15 August, on the occasion of the festivities of the Virgen del Transito. It is a male dance of strong character, the vitality of the steps. Currently 24 men divided into two camps, the camp of the virgin and the Lord's side involved. Commonly dress with leather leggings adorned with bells. It is said that once wore hats with colored ribbons

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tassels and horse walking in the procession of the Virgin.

They perform two main dances, one in the brotherhood of the Virgin, and the master takes place within the church, on the night of l eve of the holiday, after praying the rosary full. They accompanied by two instruments: A small drum or box and a damn cane or calampo (two holes). Both are played by a single musician. Apparently this dance might have its origins in agricultural rituals of the Maya, where the dancers evolved Addressing the four cardinal points and trampled hard, without moving much the same place. The motivation was to ask the god of fertility of the earth for good crops of corn.

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The steps of this dance are quite numerous and are grouped into two main parts:

"Entry" and "The Bell". It is necessary to perform rigorous testing to learn the steps as they are well coded into a time and space and according to a predetermined structure. When the dancers step change advertised shouting "Hurrah!" Called the biggest black.

The Historians of Conchagua: Conchagua in the department of the Union, also dedicates its festivities to the Patron Saint James the Apostle, 24 and July 25 of each year and then displaying the famous dance of "Los Moros", who generally interpret the story of David and Goliath, but have 4 scripts mas.Según the passage, we know

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that David, with his defeated the giant Goliath wave; ie in this case David represents the good, Christianity, and Goliath symbolizes evil, synonymous with paganism. In the locker marked differences observed in connection with other dances of its kind in the other parts of the country. In general are quite sober suits, mantles Christians are extremely short, resembling the "ruffs" in all other dances Usan leggings and Christians wear headdresses with flowers. The sector of the Moors saw pants, jacket and tie currents and in some animal figures touched noticeable. The canvas that wraps around the head hangs to his shoulders, as he actually used the Arabs.

Most used masks and swords are wooden. The character representing David, besides

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wave carries a bow and arrow. The giant wore dresses more like our peasants, using cotón and headdress seems pre-Hispanic indigenous.

The little mare Chilanga: Taurine is a dance type, where it is a mare roping, which is danced in a circle and one person dressed as the animal.

The Holy Tingo Semsembra: ceremonial dance is best preserved in the country, is presented in Semembra, for the festivities (June 28-29), which are dedicated to St. Peter the Apostle. Most participants are women of different ages, and commonly dressed covered or blankets, they have learned the dance watching since childhood. The few men that go with it are

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known as "Los Negros" improvised masks and wear skirts of women, and to serve them to dance in the audience that is watching.

The central component of dance is a rustic teponahuaste placed on the table at that place called "Tingo" or "Piece" from which comes the name of the dance, which presents a clear fusion of ingredients from three different cultures, possibly Mayan influence (Ulua), Spanish and black; the latter can be seen in the rhythm of the music and "black" participants. The Catholic element is essential, as is a part of the ceremony he kneels to pray and chant a praise to the Blessed Sacrament

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TALKING ABOUT DIFFERENT MEANS OF TRANSPORTATION

Transportation is an activity of the tertiary sector, understood as moving objects or people (content) of a place (point source) to another (destination) in a (means or system of transport) vehicle using a particular infrastructure (transport network). This has been one of the fastest growing tertiary sector that has experienced over the last two centuries, due to industrialization; increased trade and human movement both nationally and internationally; and technical advances that have occurred and have resulted in a faster, capacity, security and lower cost of transport.

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Transportation systems are different ways to shift or a specific content from one place to another. These are classified into terrestrial means (rail car), air (air) or water (river or sea), each of which required a different infrastructure for its operation: Railways and train stations, roads for cars, airports for planes, and marinas for boats.

• LAND TRANSPORT

Ground transportation is one whose networks span the surface of the earth.

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Their axes are visible, because they are formed by a previously constructed infrastructure along which goods and people. So there are networks of highways, roads, railways and other special networks (power, communications, oil and gas pipelines). We call traffic flow flowing through the transmission network, while capacity is the maximum flow that is capable of absorbing the network.

TRUCK

Rigid car built for transporting things with four or more wheels, the cabin is not integrated into the rest of the body and which does not exceed 9 seats including the driver. Excluded three-wheeled motorcycles to transport whose tare does not exceed 400 kg.

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VAN OR TRUCK

Truck in which the cab is integrated into the rest of the body, with four or more wheels, and which do not exceed 9 seats including the driver.

Tractor, Tractors and Tractor

Vehicle equipped with a mechanical propulsion device running on a road under

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its own power, other than a vehicle running on rails, and specially designed to pull trailers, tools or machines, or push or move.

TRAILER

Not self-propelled vehicle designed and built to operate towed by a motor vehicle.

It is considered heavy trailer when your MMA exceeds 750 kg.

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TRAILER

Not self-propelled vehicle designed and constructed to be coupled to a tractor, on which rests part thereof, by means of a pivot called "fifth wheel" are transferred to the tractor a substantial part of its mass. No front axle and the rear can be: single-axle, tandem or double or triple trídem.

Heavy semitrailer is considered when his MMA exceeds 750 kg.

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articulated vehicle

Vehicle consisting of a motor vehicle (usually a tractor) coupled to a trailer.

Road train

Motor vehicle comprising a motor coupled to a trailer.

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It may be:

1. A rigid truck and trailer

2. An articulated vehicle and tráiler

SPECIAL VEHICLE

Self-propelled or towed vehicle, built for works or certain services and which by its nature is exempt from fulfilling some of the technical characteristics laid down in the Highway Code. All agricultural machinery and trailers, and vehicles that permanent exceeding the limits on weights and dimensions are included.

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CLOSED BOX

Vehicle intended for the transport of goods in a totally enclosed enclosure.

OPEN BOX

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Vehicle intended for the transport of goods in an open top container. The side may be hinged or fixed.

PLATFORM

Vehicle intended for the transport of goods on a flat surface without side shields.

GONDOLA

Vehicle with loading platform has a very low height

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SWING

Vehicle equipped with mechanism to carry and / or rotate the box to make the side or rear discharge.

DUMPER

Dump truck and construction greatly enhanced maneuverability, suitable for all terrain.

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TANK

Vehicle intended for bulk transport of liquid or liquefied gases.

Autotransporters

Specially adapted vehicle for transporting one or more other vehicles.

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Fire truck:

The main function of any truck engine fire pump and tank is to expel water from the tank or suck from an external source such as a fire hydrant from a tank, pool or lake

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The mixer truck

The mixer truck (aka truck Concrete mixer truck and / or shaker, among others), is a truck equipped with a mixer. Due to this arrangement, it is possible to transport mixed concrete while proceeds to kneading. It is the safest and used for transporting concrete over long distances and is less vulnerable in the event of a delay method.

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bus:

A city bus, city bus, public bus or bus tránsitoes a bus used for public transport over short distances

articulated bus

An articulated bus is a bus of two or more kinds sections modules, if you have two sections frequently is equipped with two axes in the front section and a third axis in the rear section (trailer). The articulated bus two sections usually have a length of about 18 meters, compared to 10 to 12 meters of a normal bus unit.

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minibus

Also known as Minibus and Buseta, it is a small bus with capacity for 8-30 passengers.

car:

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for the transport of persons or goods without rails

motorcycle:

The steering wheel is the front. They can carry up to two, and three if they come with a sidecar

• AIR TRANSPORT:

Air transport or transport by air service is moved from one place to another passenger or cargo, using aircraft for profit.

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Air transport has always commercial. If for military purposes, it is included in the activities of logistics.

Air transport is the safest of all means of transport. Advances in air transport, telecommunications and electronic facilities have allowed aviation has progressed so staggering.

Types of air transport:

Freighters

Airbus Beluga

The Airbus Beluga is a cargo plane, which specializes in transport bulky, designed by Airbus to transport parts from other aircraft, even entire cabinets, for some other production centers.

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Troop transport plane:

They may be classified as civilian aircraft use (which may be charging, passenger transport, training, health, fire, etc.) and military aircraft (cargo, troop transport, fighters, bombers, reconnaissance or spies, refueling in flight, etc.).

PASSENGER AIRCRAFT

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The dream of flying, the greatest challenge became the construction of a heavier than air, can take flight on your own machine.

Training aircraft

A training aircraft, trainer aircraft, or just coach, is an aircraft used to develop the skills of piloting, navigation or combat aircraft crew.

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Helicopter

The helicopter is a high-powered aircraft and one or more horizontal rotors, each with their corresponding blades. The main advantage of the helicopter is that you can raise and keep in the air without moving forward, as happens to the aircraft. This allows them to land and take off vertically in a confined space without tracks. The helicopter can also be kept in the air over an area still for long periods of time or even fly backwards.

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Helicopter firefighting

Aerial firefighting is the use of aircraft (especially tankers which often, but not always, sonhidroaviones adapted) and other aircraft to fight fires. The types of aircraft used include fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters.

Air balloon:

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The balloon is considered a type of ship that allows people to move through airspace although most such displacement is simply recreational and temporary cases.

airship:

An airship is a self-propelled and maneuverability to be handled as a aeronave.1 2 aerostatic lift is achieved through tanks filled with a gas of lower density to the surrounding atmosphere aerostat. Differs from sustentaciónaerodinámica, obtained by the rapid movement of a wing profile, as in the wing of an airplane or the blades of a helicopter

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WATER TRANSPORT:

Shipping is the action of bringing people (passengers) or things (solid or liquid loads) by sea from one geographical location to another on board a ship for gain.

Shipping, at the global level, is the most widely used mode for international trade. It is the largest movement of goods supports both container and dry bulk or liquid.

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Sailing Vessel

A sailboat is a boat which the wind on your rig is their main form of propulsion.

oil:

Oil these boats are used to transport crude oil from ports in those countries that produce or produce it from platforms to refineries. Tankers are the largest ships,

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they were never built with a length of 400 meters, but now these dimensions have been reduced by the performance and flexibility to transport it brings. In its central axis and across the deck are the pipes for loading and unloading of crude oil, which is why they are very easy to identify. Furthermore, there have fine marked at the bow and stern, but are large drawers. These boats have two cranes located port and starboard which function to move the hoses connected to the platform or dock for unloading and reloading.

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Mobile platforms:

these are responsible for extracting oil platforms. They have a very particular mobility that allows you to move from one field to another for oil extraction. Its features are very similar to those of oil but also have a helipad, shuttle tower and gas extraction.

Buques químicos:

 estos barcos cuentan con características muy similares a las de las dos anteriores pero, a diferencia de ellos, se utilizan para transportar productos químicos como amoníaco, fenol, gasolina, entre otros. Su tamaño

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es pequeño y cuentan con numerosos tanques que le permiten cargar diversos productos, que se almacenan de acuerdo al riesgo o agresividad que presentan. Debido a las exigencias que deben cumplir estos barcos en cuestiones constructivas como contar con tanques de acero inoxidable, contar con doble casco y pintura sofisticada, resultan ser sumamente costosos. La cubierta está repleta de tuberías y hasta suele tener un tanque.

Reefers:

these buildings have cooling equipment facilities isolated wineries that allow transfer various products that need to be kept at specific temperatures. Reefers have

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cranes that move the products placed inside the boat and usually covered with a tent. In most cases they are painted white, which helps keep temperatures because it does not absorb them.

Container ships

these are characterized by their large size, which allows them to carry up to 9,000 containers. This will be done through which feature powerful engines with those who manage to reach 23 knots. To lift cargo, these ships have special cranes.

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General cargo ships:

These ships are characterized by being used for transporting the most varied goods, and container as above, also general cargo, bulk and small tanks. To move cargo cranes have on the sides.

Bulk carriers:

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In these constructions dry bulk cargoes are transported. They are moving at low speeds and are large. They are characterized by having a single run covered with numerous hatches and runners on the side where the hatch covers run.

Roll on Roll off

this boat, in Castilian "roll in, roll out" only transports goods that are loaded or unloaded on their own, because they have wheels or by means of other vehicles. The Roll on Roll of have a large folding carrier that uses the ramp, and is located in the

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bow or stern. In these trucks, trailes, rolling loads, vehicles, among other things they are loaded.

Bajura

They are small vessels operating in close proximity to the coast. Fresco by fishing nets, longlines and other media. They are common in all ports and look very different characteristics and each other.

seiner

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This type of purse seine fishing vessel hence its name. The ship extends the network and make a move that allows surround the core fisheries, closing sling is collected from the bottom of the net. A stick or a hydraulic crane currently supports the snatch block or yoyo is that the network is collected.

Tuna.

They are the kings of fishing. With more than 100 m. in length and 2 to 3,000

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million pesetas it costs it is the largest, beautiful and expensive boats engaged in fishing. As its name indicates its only activity is fishing for tuna in the tropical belt of the world's oceans, with purse seines.

submarine

A submarine is a ship or vessel able to navigate under the surface of sea water or submerged.

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yacht

Yacht is a vessel or recreational craft.

Its propulsion can be:

• A motor with one or more outboard motors or can be integrated into the hull.

• A candle.

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SEASONS AND WEATHER

Seasons and the weather vocabulary

This is a list of vocabulary items related to the seasons of the year and the weather.

The seasons of the yea

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Weather:

What's the weather like?

It's rainy.cloudy.windy.snowy.sunny.nice.fine.cold.warm.hot.