HIST

ORYTABLE OF CONTENTS

Korea - Land of the Morning Calm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

National Anthem of Korea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50

Taekwondo Time Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 & 52

Korean Martial Arts History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53, 54 & 55

Korean Styles vs Other Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56

Kukkiwon - Taekwondo HQ in Seoul . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57

Taekwondowon - Muju . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Different Styles of Martial Arts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59, 60 & 61

Taekwondo Kwans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Ji-do Kwan Association . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63

KOREA – LAND OF THE MORNING CALM

GEOGRAPHY The Korean peninsula isapproximately 1,000 km innorth to south length, and216 km wide at its narrow-est point. It is geographical-ly separated fromManchuria and Siberia tothe north by the Abrog andDuman rivers and thePaektu mountain range;from mainland China to thewest by the Yellow Sea;from the Japanese archipel-ago to the east by the EastSea. The shortest distancefrom Korea to Japan is 206km, at the narrow southernKorean Strait.

Korea, which in overall sizeis approximately equivalentto Great Britain or the stateof New York, lies between33° 06' and 43° northlatitude, and between124°11' and 131° 52' eastlongitude. The peninsula isdivided roughly in half just

north of the 38th parallelbetween the two countries,North and South Korea.

Korea is a mountainousland (about 75%), especiallyin the north, formed mainlyof very ancient Archeanrock. While none of themountain peaks are veryhigh, the ranges are steep,abrupt, and stony, giving animpression of massivenessand grandeur that hasearned the nation the nick-name "Switzerland of Asia".

CLIMATE The nation's climate is amild one between thecontinental and marinetypes, but tending moretoward the former.

The hottest months are Julyand August. Usually there isa monsoon season lasting afew weeks during July, fol-lowed by hot temperaturesin August. December and

January are the coldestmonths. Korea receivessome snow but usually littleaccumulation, with theexception of the mountains.The fall and spring seasonsare the ideal seasons inKorea. In the fall the treecovered mountains displaya spectacular view of leaveschanging color. In thespring, the mountains areabundant with variousshades of pink wild flowers.

FACTS• The population of Korea

is 45 million.

• 12 million people live inthe capital city of Seoul.

• Korea has four religionsof major importance -Buddhism, Confucianism,Christianity andShamanism.

• The unit of currency inthe Won (W). 49

TIGER TRIVIAIf a Korean and an American were born onthe same day of the same year the Koreanwould be older.

How? In Korea, you are one when you areborn. Everyone in the country ages one moreyear on the Chinese New Year. So you couldhave been born only a few months ago, butalready be 2 years old! Koreans also use themoon calendar, so their actual "birth date"changes from year to year.

NATIONAL ANTHEM OF KOREA

Donge hae mule gwa bake du san e ma roo go dal doe roke, ha nu nim e

Bo eu - ha sa eu lee na ra man seh.

mu - gonge hwa sam - chun lee

hwa ruh gong - san dae han sa rom dae han - ooh ro gil e bo jun ha say.

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TAEKWONDOTIME LINE

2334 B.C.Korea founded byHoly Don-Goon.

A.D. 3-427Painting onceiling of theMu-yong Chong

(a royal tomb)shows men inTaekwondofighting positions.

A.D.668-935

Sil-la Dynastyfounded. AtKyong-ju, theancient capital,two Buddhistsimages areinscribed on theKeum-kang GiantTower at Sok-kur-

am in Pul-kuk-Sa

Temple,portraying twogiants facingeach other inTaekwondofightingpostures.

A.D. 1147-1170

Su-bak is believedto have peakedin popularity.This was duringthe reign ofKing Ui-jong.

A.D. 1909

Japanese- occupied Koreabanned practiceof fighting Arts.The Art survivedby going under-ground.

37 B.C.

Korean peninsulaconsisted of threekingdoms; Sil-la,Ko-gur-yo, andBaek-je.

A.D. 750

At Sok Kul

Temple, a smallBuddhist caveduring the reignof King Hye-Gong (724-762),the statue ofKeum-gang Yuk-

sa, a famous war-rior, was erectedin a Taekwondofighting stance.

A.D. 935-1392

Kor-yo Dynastyfounded. Thefighting Art thatwas once calledTae Kyon wasrenamed Su-bak.

A.D. 1392-1907

Yi Dynasty.The textbook"Moo-yee Doe-boe

Ton-gee" waspublished byKing Chong-jo.The book wasone of militarystrategy andcombat methods.The methods ofSu-bak wereemphasized.During the latterhalf of this era,Su-bak began todecline due tolack of interestby the RoyalCourt.

A.D. 1943

Judo, Karate, andKung-fu enteredthe country andenjoyed wide-spread but temporarypopularity.

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TAEKWONDO TIME LINE

A.D. 1952

A demonstrationbefore PresidentSyng-man Phee

evolved into themost significantturning point forKorean MartialArts. Phee

watched a 30minute demon-stration as was soimpressed thathe ordered allsoldiers toreceive trainingin the Art.

A.D. 1955

A conference ofKwan (MartialArts) Mastersfrom all styles ofKorean MartialArts assembledto organize theirArts. The name"Tae-kwon-do"was chosenbecause of itsresemblance toTae Kyon, andso providedcontinuity andtradition.

Hard style Tae-kwon-do andsoft style Hap-ki-do wereseparated.

A.D. 1962

Many KoreanMartial Artistswere reunitedwith the KTA.This is due togovernmentrecognition of allBlack Beltscertified by KTA.

A.D. 1967

The U.S.TaekwondoAssociation wasfounded (super-seded in 1974 bythe U.S.TaekwondoFederation).

Today we aremembers of theUSTU, UnitedStatesTaekwondoUnion.

TODAY -FUTURE

TodayTaekwondo ispracticed bymore than 50million studentsin 154 countriesaround theworld. In 2000,Taekwondobecame a full-medal sport inthe Olympics inSydney,Australia.

A.D. 1945

Korea is liberatedfrom theJapanese. Tae

Kyon and Su-bak

resurface andattemptunification.

A.D. 1954

General Choi,

Hong Hi

organized the29th Infantry onChe-ju Island.This was the offi-cial training cen-ter of Tae Kyon.

A.D. 1961

The KTA, KoreanTaekwondo

Association, withGeneral Choi asits president, wasfounded.

A.D. 1966

General Choi,founded theInternationalTaekwondo

Federation. Heresigned as presi-dent of the KTAand moved theITF headquartersto Canada.

A.D. 1973

Dr. Un Yong Kim

was elected pres-ident of the KTA.Feeling that theofficial center ofTaekwondo

should be inKorea, he dis-solved the ITF'sconnection withthe KTA andrenamed theKTA the WorldTaekwondoFederation(WTF).

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KOREAN MARTIAL ARTS HISTORY

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Korean Martial Arts begancenturies before the birth ofChrist and developed manykinds of weapons. Everyweapon used in combat wasincluded as part of the sol-dier's overall military train-ing. In addition to those com-plex skills, the advantagesand possibilities of the body'snatural weapons were notoverlooked. The skills ofunarmed combat were alsoemphasized. In this manner abranch of military sciencebased upon the naturalweapons of fists, hands andfeet was established. This mil-itary science was first knownas Su-bak, and then, over cen-turies, called Kwon-bup andthen Tae-Kyon. It was a vitalpart of the warrior's training.In 1955, the name Taekwondowas chosen as the new name

of the KoreanNational MartialArt by a board ofinstructors, histori-ans and otherprominent persons.The name was offi-cially adopted bythe Republic ofKorea in 1965.

The history ofKorea is very longand exciting as isthe history ofTaekwondo. The legendary soldier-kingDon-goon forgedthe various tribesinto a unifiedkingdom 23

centuries before the birth ofChrist. This kingdom wasfounded centuries beforethe Roman Empire and atthe high point of Egyptianhistory.

Don-goon's kingdom reigned for more thantwelve centuries.

Three kingdoms thenemerged. The Ko-gur-yo

Kingdom (37 BC - 688 AD)was located in southernManchuria and northernKorea. The Baek-je Kingdom(18 BC - 600 AD) waslocated along the Han Riverand in southwestern Korea. Sil-la, the smallest kingdom(57 BC - 936 AD) was locatedin the south. eastern tip ofthe peninsula. Studies offighting stances, skills andformalized movements closely resembling presentstances and forms ofTaekwondo have been prominent in archaeologicalfindings. Such findingsinclude mural paintings onthe royal tombs from the Ko-gur-yo Dynasty, stonesculptures on pagodas intemples produced during theSil-la Period, and documentswritten in the Baek Je Dynasty.It can therefore be inferredthat people in the threekingdoms practiced an artvery much like the one westudy today.

Kyo-ru-gi Do in the Mu-yong Chong (Painting of the Competition in the Mu-yong Tomb) Two warriors prepare to compete with each other.

KOREAN MARTIAL ARTS HISTORYSil-la, the smallest ofthe three kingdoms,was constantly underinvasion by its twolarger, more powerfulnorthern and westernneighbors. To offsetthese invasions, anelite officer corps wasformed. This military,educational and socialorganization of nobleyouths formed byChin Heung, the 24thKing of Sil-la, wascalled the Hwa-rang-

doe. In addition to theordinary training inspear, bow, sword,and hook, the corpstrained themselves bypracticing mental andphysical disciplineand various forms of emptyhand and foot fighting. Toharden their bodies, theyclimbed rugged mountains,swam the turbulent rivers inthe coldest months, anddrove themselves unmerci-fully to prepare for the taskof defending their home-land. To guide themselvesand give purpose to theirknighthood, they incorporat-ed a five-point code ofconduct originated by amonk and scholar/philoso-pher named Won Kwang, which states:

These young warriors, manyas young as 14 or 15 yearsold, became known andrespected for their courageand skill in battles andattaining feats of valor. Thisin turn led the Sil-laKingdom to rise and unite.From their victories, theKorean peninsula was united for the first time inits history.

KOR-YO DYNASTY 935 AD - 1392 AD

The study of unarmedcombat reached its peak ofpopularity during the Kor-yo

Dynasty. It was practiced byboth military personnel andthe general public. It wasduring this period that thescience was first technicallyorganized and systematizedby the leading Masters.Military officers and Masterswere invited by the RoyalFamily to present demon-strations and matches annu-ally at the Royal Court.

YI DYNASTY 1392 AD- 1910 AD

Confucianism replacedBuddhism as the religionunder King Tae-jo duringthe Yi Dynasty. This changestrengthened the Chineseinfluence not only in officialfunctions, but also in theprivate lives of the people.The ruling class stronglyemphasized Chineseclassical study; therefore,civil officers received higherrespect than miliary officerssocially, as well as politically.As a result, people grewuninterested in the forms ofunarmed combat. The technical development of Taekwon-do was hindered.Although he did not reversethe trend,King Chong-jo

(1790) helped keepthe Korean Martial Arts alive.

Statue of Warrior "Keum-gang" in Sok Kur-am cavein Kyung-ju. 7th Century(Statue of the Deva King)

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•Be loyal to your King•Respect and obey your parents•Be honorable to your friends

•Never retreat in battles•Avoid unnecessary violence

KOREAN MARTIAL ARTS HISTORYChong-jo ordered Deok Moo Leeto compile an official textbookabout Martial Arts. That vol-ume, known as "Moo-yee Doe-boe Ton-gee", described andpictured the Korean MartialArts very clearly, and includ-ed a chapter on the forms ofunarmed combat.The decline of the militarystill continued. Martial train-ing and the armed forces wereneglected. As a result, theKwon Do remained merely arecreational activity for ordi-nary people. No organizedinstruction was available sothe forms were handed down,from father to son and fromteacher to pupil.

20TH CENTURY

In August, 1910, the YiDynasty was forcibly over-come by Japan. The Japanesecolonial government bannednot only cultural activities,but also team sports andMartial Arts. In 1943,Japanese Karate was intro-duced into Korea. It gainedpopularity until Korea wasliberated on August 15, 1945.Several leaders in MartialArts opened doe-jahngs(Martial Arts schools) undervarious names, such as KongSoo Do, Su Bak Do, Soo Do,

Kwon Bup, etc. Many instruc-tors wanted to return to thetraditional Korean forms ofunarmed combat. The Kyon,the first conference to unifythe doe-jahngs and standardizeinstructor's methods was heldin 1946. It was unsuccessful,but attempts to unify thedifferent Martial Arts stylescontinued.

BIRTH OF THE

TAEKWONDO FEDERATION

On May 28, 1973, the WorldTaekwondo Federation (WTF)was organized under theleadership of Dr. Un YongKim. The WTF was officiallyestablished at Kook-gie-wonwith the participation of therepresentatives of 35 nations.At that inaugural meeting, Dr.Kim was elected President ofthe WTF for a 4-year term.

TAEKWONDO IN THE U.S.

Taekwondo was first intro-duced in the U.S. in the mid-1950's. From then until 1973,there was a broad diversity ofteaching methodologies andstyles, which were broughtfrom the six different majorkwans (schools) of Taekwon-do in Korea. Along the pathof the unification movementinitiated in Korea under theleadership of Dr. Un YongKim, instructors in the U.S.organized and made possiblethe admission of Taekwondointo the Amateur AthleticUnion of the United States ofAmerica in 1974. From thisbirth of the National AAUTaekwondo Union, all newlyestablished technical stan-dards, sanctioned by the WTF,were adopted into an official

unified form of Taekwondoin the U.S. Taekwondo was anofficial sport of the AAUUSA Junior Olympics forthe first time in 1983.

OLYMPIC TAEKWONDO

Taekwondo was adoptedas a demonstration sport forthe 24th Summer OlympicGames held in Seoul in 1988and the 25th SummerOlympic Games held inBarcelona in 1992. In 1996the rules and regulationswere revamped at theKukkiwon by a committeeconsisting of representativesfrom different countries.Master Rondy representedthe US. The 2000 SummerOlympics in Sydney, Australia featured Taekwon-do as a full medal sport.

In spite of its short develop-ment period in the moderninternational sports arena,Taekwondo has experiencedextraordinarily rapid growth.This is attributable to itsnumerous merits as a sportand Art form and to thequality of leadership thatDr. Kim, President of the WTFhas supplied. Taekwondo hasreached its potential, it has noequal in power, techniques, ormental conditioning.

"Moo-yee Doe-boe Ton-gee" (Martial Arts man-ual) of King Chong-jo's reign during Yi Dynasty.

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Master Rondy was atthe 2000 Sydney

Olympics to witnessSteven Lopez takethe Gold for USA

KOREAN STYLES VS OTHER STYLESMany people will interchangethe name Karate andTaekwondo. Some books evenrefer to Taekwondo as KoreanKarate. It is not unusual tosee a school with a sign thatreads Karate when they areactually teaching Taekwondo.Even the search engines listsall Martial Arts under thegeneric heading of Karate.Some Karate schools have asign that reads Taekwondobecause they want to bethought of as Olympic Style.

KARATE vS TAEKWONDO

Q. What is the differencebetween Karate andTaekwondo?

A. They are very similar,to a person not study-ing Martial Arts, theyprobably look thesame.

1. Karate is from Japan,Taekwondo is fromKorea.

2. Karate uses morehand techniques,Taekwondo uses morekicking techniques.Each style has its ben-efits. In Karate, yourfeet remain planted onthe ground more, soyou can't get knockeddown easily. InTaekwondo, you canuse your legs forlonger reach, allowingyou to stay fartheraway from youropponent. Thisopponent would notbe able to reach youwith upper body

techniques. Also, legs areeight times stronger thanarms.

3. The InternationalOlympic Committeechose Taekwondo overKarate for the followingreasons. (Karate will be

included as a demonstration

sport in the Japan Olympics.)

a. It is considered safer.The competition targetareas of Karate includehand techniques to the faceand kicks to the knees and

groin. These are notallowed in Taekwondo.

b. Taekwondo is moreorganized worldwide.Countries all over theworld follow the WTFrules, therefore, competi-tors from all countriesare able to competetogether without anyonehaving to adapt to newregulations and rules.

c. With the incredibleTaekwondo kickingtechniques, it is moreof a spectator sport.

TIGER TIPYour legs are 8times strongerthan your arms.You can walkaround all day,but stand on yourhands and yourarms tire quickly.

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The Kook-gie-won, WorldTaekwondo Headquarters,is located atop the hillsidein Kang-nam District inSeoul, Korea.

This building with a beauti-ful original Korean-styleroof was constructed in 1972to house Taekwondo relatedorganizations and provideTaekwondo practitionersand contestants withmodern facilities for train-ing and competing.

Besides serving as an arenafor Taekwondo training andcompetitions, the Kook-gie-

won conducts Dan promo-tion tests and issues certifi-cates to Taekwondo stu-dents of all member nation-al associations of the WorldTaekwondo Federation.

The Memorial Museumwhich opened on November30, 1991 made the Kook-gie-won the center of

Taekwondoculture byshowing thehistory ofTaekwondoand variousrelated materialsto visitorsfrom aroundthe world.

KUKKIWON - TAEKWONDO HQ/SEOUL

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Entrance gate to the Kukkiwon. Master Rondy’s first

visit as part ot a US Team 1990

Kukkiwon

President 2016

Oh Hyun Deok

TAEKWONDO-WON/MUJU

The Taekwondo-Won wasestablished to become aglobal hub for the education,training, and promotion ofTaekwondo, a Korean martialart that combines combattechniques with sports for the45 million practitioners allaround the world.

Inspired by the hierarchy ofTaekwondo’s training fromwhite-belt to black-belt, thelinear site was divided intothree zones; Body, Mind andSpirit. The Body Zone wouldbe the home to theTaekwondo Arena which isthe main facility of the

Taekwondo-Won with its land-mark design.

The Arena was designedwith the motif of Taegeuk, an iconic geometry thatsymbolizes Korea and forms the center of theKorean flag. Three masseseach symbolizinghuman, heaven,and earth inter-twines at the arenaforming the Taeguk

geometry which canbe easily recogniz-able on the roof. Master Rondy wasinvited to represent

the USA and White Tiger toattend the Grand OpeningCelebration in August of2014. A tree was planted inthe Spirit level in her honor.A plaque in the stadiumand a stadium seat werededicated to her as well.

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Taekwondo-won Architect Kwang

Bum Park and Master Rondy on the

construction site, Muju, Korea 2012.

http://tkdwon.kr/eng/dwon/0005/

DIFFERENT STYLES OF MARTIAL ARTSIf you are looking for anactivity designed toimprove cardiovascularfitness, increase strengthand flexibility, reduce stressand provide importantself-defense skills, thenMartial Arts is for you. Thestyle or system you studydoesn't matter much.Finding one that matchesyour needs and finding theright teacher are far moreimportant.

On the surface, it's easy toclassify various fightingsystems as either "hard" or"soft" style. Hard stylerefers to straight line move-ments or a "kicking andstriking" art. Soft styles usecircular motions and isconsidered a "grapplingand throwing" system.

The following is by nomeans a comprehensive list,but provides an introduc-tion to some of the funda-mental styles.

AIKIDO

the way of harmonious spirit

This Japanese Martial Artrelies on redirecting andcontrolling an attacker'sforce using unbalancingand joint-manipulatingtechniques.

CAPOEIRA

Capoeira is a highly acro-batic, dance-like BrazilianMartial Art. It originatedwith slaves transportedfrom Africa to SouthAmerica during the seven-teenth century. Because theirhands were chained, slavesdepended on their legs todefend themselves.

ESCRIMA

art of fencing

Escrima is a FilipinoMartial Art that centersaround the use of shortsticks, called bastons ormutons, and other weapons that are employedindividually or in pairs.

HAPKIDO

way of the coordinated power

This Korean Martial Art issimilar to Aikido. It uses

circular motions, pressurepoints, joint locks, jointmanipulation, sweeps andtakedowns. But unlikeAikido, Hapkido also usesa variety of strikes and kick-ing techniques. Hapkido isideal for those wanting tolearn only self-defense, itrequires more patience forrepetition, and there areno tournaments or formsto learn.

JIUJITSU

the soft/pliable method

This highly practical combatsystem was developed infeudal Japan whenself-defense skills were ofparamount importance. Thisstyle uses strikes coupledwith throwing andgrappling techniques.

JUDO (YUDO)

gentle, soft way

The Olympic sport of Judo,which originated in Japan,teaches how to use leverageto throw an opponent ofany size.

LUTE LIvRE

This is a form of Brazilian59

DIFFERENT STYLES OF MARTIAL ARTSstreet fighting that hasbecome a Martial sport. Itrelies on striking more thangrappling. Head butting,knee and elbow strikes arestaples of this sport.

KARATE

empty hand

Originating in seventeenth-century Okinawa, thisMartial Art offers a balanceof upper and lower bodydefensive techniques,coupled with cardio-vascular, strength andflexibility training.

KENDO (KUMDO)

way of the sword

Kendo is a Japanese martialsport based on ancientsamurai sword skills calledKen-Jitsu. Practitioners wearprotective armor calledbogu and attempt to striketheir partner with a bamboosword called a shinai.

KOBUDO

ancient martial way

The term Kobudo is used todescribe Okinawanweapons disciplines that

include the use of more than30 armaments. The mostpopular among these are thebo (long wood staff),sai (three pronged metaltruncheon), tonfa(wood-handled baton),nunchaku (small wood flail)and kama (sickle).

KUNg FU/WINg CHUN

skill or art

Wing Chun is a very uniqueand scientific form ofmartial art. Wing Chun is astyle of Kung Fu that origi-nates from China, the mar-tial art was later refined inHong Kong by the late IpMan. Wing Chun's specialtyis in close contact combat,using quick punches andkicks with a tight defense,coordinated through agilestances and footwork for aquick advance. The effec-tiveness of this fightingstyle is achieved by wellcoordinated attacks withsimultaneous defense.

KYUDO

way of archer

Kyudo is a Japanesemartial disciplinewhose students use a yumi(long bow) and ya (arrow).As a Kyudo practitioner,the bulk of your trainingwould revolve around thespiritual aspect.

MU TAU

This sport is a blend ofAsian and ancient GreekMartial Arts. Practitionerswear loose-fitting athleticclothing (like sweat pants),boxing gloves and paddedheadgear.

MUAY THAI

Thai Boxing or Kickboxing

This full-contact sportoriginated in Thailand andcan offer a very intenseworkout, which will includeskipping rope, kicking andpunching heavy bags,shadow boxing andsparring with partners.Special emphasis is placedon using the knees, shinsand elbows. 60

DIFFERENT STYLES OF MARTIAL ARTSSAMBO

This is a Russian martialsport based on MongolianSumo-type wrestling.Practitioners wear heavyJudo-like jackets, as wellas knee pads for protectionand shoes to providebetter traction.

SILAT

to fend off

Hailing from Indonesia andMalaysia, this mysteriousand exotic combativesystem was developed bya peasant woman. Silat'sbasics include striking, kick-ing and evasive movement.Students learn to take oppo-nents to the ground by grab-bing their legs or entwiningtheir limbs around theiropponents'.

SUMO

Sumo is a Japanese MartialArt. Hundreds of years ago, itwas regarded as a combativeart, but its image has sincechanged drastically. Sumo ischaracterized by the hugesize of its practitioners andthe diaper-like garment worn.Korea has a similar stylecalled Surium.

TAEKWONDO

foot, hand, path or way

of discipline

Students of this KoreanMartial Art rely on handstrikes and kicks, with an emphasis on the latter.Taekwondo was originallyintended as a form ofself-defense. It has gainedpopularity as a sport since itsacceptance into the Olympics.

Taekwondo promotes goodcardio-vascular fitness, flexi-bility and strength develop-ment. It is an Art directedtoward the moral develop-ment of its practitioners. Dueto Olympic considerations,Taekwondo employs safetyrules, and has become unitedworld wide and more struc-tured for its participants.Taekwondo is ideal for adultsand is the most recommend-ed art for children.

TAI CHI CHUAN

grand ultimate fist

An ancient Taoist combativesystem, Tai Chi Chuan isbased on circular, flowing

defensive movements. As astudent of this Martial Art,you will practice techniquesvery slowly. For this reason,it is an ideal choice for people seeking a low-impact activity and a way to reduce stress.

vALE TUDO

This grappling sport wasoriginally a Brazilian formof street fighting.Practitioners wear streetclothes and are bare-chested when competing.

The Masters at White Tigerare skilled in many of theMartial Arts. Unless you planto dedicate your life andcareer to pursuing MartialArts, you may want to focuson one style at a time.

The main styles offered atWhite Tiger are Taekwondo,Hapkido and Kung Fu. TheMasters have selected thesestyles because they offer students the widest range of skills. There are a varietyof other classes offered atdifferent times, along withspecial guest instructors,workshops and seminars tosupplement your training.

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TAEKWONDO KWANS

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DISPLAY FROM THE TAEKWONDOWON MUSEUM IN MUJU KOREA

• CHUNg DO KWAN Blue Wave School (youthful vigor)• SONg MOO KWAN Pine Tree Schoo (green and long-lived)• MOO DUK KWAN School of Martial Virtue• CHANg MOO KWAN School for Martial Arts Development• JI DO KWAN School for Wisdom's Way• HAN MOO KWAN Korean Military School• OH DO KWAN School of My Way• KANg DUK KWAN The House of Generous Teaching• JUNg DO KWAN School of the Righteous Way

JI DO KWAN ASSOCIATIONJi

Do

Kwan

wasone of

the majorTaekwondo associationswhich was recognized bythe World TaekwondoAssociation (now the WTF).

The symbol for the Ji Do

Kwan Association is theshape of a flower and a fig-ure 8 within a circle. Theflower, a water lily, signifiespeace, life, health, honor,service and luck; the circlerepresents love, novelty andhappiness. The figure 8 rep-resents a roly-poly, alwaysundefeatable.

The spirit of Ji Do Kwan

means getting up eighttimes when you have fallenseven times. It means toalways stand upright in alltribulations and never givein to failure.

Practitioners of Ji Do Kwan

were encouraged to live thephilosophy upon which theart was built, and to spreadthroughout the continents of the world, the spirit ofJi Do Kwan.

All Ji Do Kwan membersadhered to the followingcreeds, manners and pledge.

Today, there is really no distinction between the"kwans". All styles have beenunited under the organiza-tion of Kook-gie-won. Ji Do

Kwan is still practiced by afew of the older GrandMasters. Most of theseMasters had left Koreabefore Kook-gie-won wasestablished.

The creed, pledge andmanners are still used atWhite Tiger today.

Grandmaster Ho Yung

Chung, “Tiger Chung” isthe head of the Ji Do Kwan

association for the US.

SPIRIT OFTHE EIgHT

MANNERS OFSOLEMNITY

View Rightly

Feel Rightly

Think Rightly

Speak Rightly

Order Rightly

Contribute Rightly

Have Ability

Conduct Rightly

CREED OF JI DO KWAN

Taekwondo for MyselfTaekwondo for Ji Do KwanTaekwondo for my Country

PLEDgE OF THE MEMBER I will observe the rule and absolutely obey the order of Ji Do Kwan.

I will attain the physical and mental discipline in the spirit of Ji Do Kwan.I will devote myself to the creation of new tradition and achievement of Ji Do Kwan.

Master Rondy is a 1st generation student of GM Tiger Chung

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