table 14.1: admission categories of u.s. permanent residents, 2013 the economics of immigration, by...

Table 14.1: Admission categories of U.S. permanent residents, 2013

The Economics of Immigration, by Bansak, Simpson & Zavodny ©2015

Class of admission Total %

Immediate relatives of U.S. citizens 439,460 44.4%

Other family-sponsored preferences 210,303 21.1%

Employment-based preferences 161,110 16.3%

Refugees and asylees 119,630 12.1%

Diversity 45,618 4.6%

Other 13,876 1.4%

Total 990,553

Table 14.2: Allocation of points in Canada, Australia andNew Zealand, 2013


Canada Australia New Zealand

Language proficiency 28% 17% Hurdle

Education 25% 17% 30%

Age 12% 25% 16%

Skilled occupation in host country 0% Hurdle 32%

Work experience 15% (g) 17% (s) 16%

Sponsorship 10% (e) 8% (r) 0%

Other 10% 17% 6%

Pass mark 67% 50% 54%

Table 14.3: Admission categories of Canadian permanent residents, 2013


Class of admission Total %

Economic class immigrants 148,037 57.2%

Family class immigrants 79,586 30.8%

Refugees 23,968 9.3%

Other 7,028 2.7%

Total 258,519

Table 14.4: Migrant stocks in the European Union, 2013


Country Migrant stock % of populationGermany 9,845,244 11.9United Kingdom 7,824,131 12.4France 7,439,086 11.6Spain 6,466,605 13.8Italy 5,721,457 9.4Switzerland 2,335,059 28.9Netherlands 1,964,922 11.7Sweden 1,519,510 15.9Austria 1,333,807 15.7Belgium 1,159,801 10.4Greece 988,245 8.9Portugal 893,847 8.4Ireland 735,535 15.9Norway 694,508 13.8Denmark 556,825 9.9Hungary 472,798 4.7Czech Republic 432,776 4.0Finland 293,167 5.4Latvia 282,887 13.8Slovenia 233,293 11.3Luxembourg 229,409 43.3Estonia 209,984 16.3Cyprus 207,313 18.2Slovakia 149,635 2.7Lithuania 147,781 4.9Malta 34,455 8.0Iceland 34,377 10.4Monaco 24,299 64.2Liechtenstein 12,208 33.1Total 52,242,964 10.3

Table 14.5: Top twenty source countries of refugees, 2013


Source country Number of refugeesAfghanistan 2,556,556Syria 2,468,369Somalia 1,121,738Sudan 649,331Democratic Republic of the Congo 499,541Myanmar 479,608Iraq 401,417Colombia 396,635Viet Nam 314,105Eritrea 308,022Central African Republic 252,865China 195,137Mali 152,864Sri Lanka 123,088Western Sahara 116,504South Sudan 114,467Palestinians 96,044Côte d'Ivoire 85,729Rwanda 83,937Ethiopia 77,118

Table 14.6: Top twenty destination countries of refugees, 2013


Source country Number of refugeesPakistan 1,616,507Iran 857,354Lebanon 856,546Jordan 641,915Turkey 609,938Kenya 534,938Chad 434,479Ethiopia 433,936China 301,047United States 263,662Iraq 246,298Yemen 241,288France 232,487Bangladesh 231,145Egypt 230,086South Sudan 229,587Uganda 220,555Venezuela 204,340India 188,395Germany 187,567


Figure 14.1: Leaflet for Japan’s point system


Figure 14.2: Model of a labor shortage Wage S W** W* D’ D L* LD Labor Shortage


Figure 14.3: Model of labor supply increase in response to labor demand increase

Wage S S’ W* D’ D L* L** Labor


Figure 14.4: Ratio of temporary foreign workers to permanent immigrants, 2011

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table 14.1: admission categories of u.s. permanent residents, 2013 the economics of immigration, by...

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