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[2] Tim Kajian Batubara Nasional, Statistik Batubara Indonesia, Pusat Litbang

Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara, 2006 www.tekmira.esdm.co.id/download/

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(http://www.australiancoal.com.au/classification.htm, diakses 5 Mei 2008).

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[6] G. R. Couch, Lignite Upgrading, Report of IEA Coal Research, IEACR/23

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[10] P. Prawisudha. Preliminary Design of 7 Ton/h Continuous Multistage

Fluidized Bed Drying System Coal Upgrading Pilot Plant, Thesis, Teknik

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[13] H. Masuda, K. Higashitani, H. Yoshida, Powder Technology Handling and

Operations, Process Instrumentation, and Working Hazards, CRC Press,

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103

[14] Liming Road & Bridge Heavy Industry Co., Jaw Crusher, (Online), Maret

2008 (http://www.break-day.com/en/jaw-crusher.html, diakses 6 Maret

2008)

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(Online), Maret 2008 (http://www.break-day.com/en/high-pressure-

suspension.html, diakses 6 Maret 2008)

[16] D. Mills, M. G. Jones, dan V. K. Agarwal, Handbook of Pneumatic

Conveying Engineering, Marcel Dekker, Inc., Basel, 2004.

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Powders and Bulk Solids, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New

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[18] A. D. Zimon, Adhesion of Dust and Powder 2nd Ed., pp. 69, 114. Consultant

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LAMPIRAN A

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

PABRIK TEKNOLOGI PENINGKATAN KUALITAS BATUBARA

SKALA PILOT KAPASITAS 7 TON/JAM

107

108

LAMPIRAN B

BEBERAPA KATALOG PERALATAN DALAM DESAIN AWAL

PABRIK PENINGKATAN KUALITAS BATUBARA

SKALA KOMERSIAL KAPASITAS 150 TON/JAM

109

B.1 JAW CRUSHER

Jaw Crusher is mainly used to crush kinds of mining stone primarily, and the largest compression resistance of the material to be crushed is 320MPa. The jaw crusher is widely used in stone mining, metallurgical industry, building material, highway, railway, and chemical industry

Working Principle of Jaw Crusher: The motor transmits power through belt, drives the moving jaw do periodic motion to the fixed jaw surround the eccentric shaft. The angle between toggle plate and moving jaw increases when moving jaw moves up. So the moving jaw closes to the fixed jaw. The stuff will be crushed in this process. The angle between toggle plate and moving jaw decreases when moving jaw moves down, the moving jaw moves away from fixed jaw by the pulling of rod and spring, the products such as stone after crushing will be discharged from the outlet. Characteristics of Jaw Crusher: High ratio of crushing, homogeneous final grain size, simple structure, reliable working condition, easy maintenance, low operating cost.. Technical Data:

Notice: Any change of Jaw Crushers technical data shall not be advised additionally. _______________________________________________________________________________

Copyright © 2007 by Liming Road & Bridge Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. All rights reserved Add:15th, Dingxiangli, National HI-TECH Industry Development Zone, Zhengzhou, China.

Postcode : 450001 Tel : 0086-371-67371699 / 0086-371-67992899 . Fax : 0086-371-67992699 E-mail : Break-day@break-day.com

110

B.2 HIGH PRESSURE SUSPENSION MILL/ TRAPEZIUM MILL

High Pressure Suspension Mill is a new kind of mill, which is invented with great concentration and on the basis of many years of powder processing experiences. This invention starts an epoch of high efficiency and low cost in international mining industry. High Pressure Suspension Mill can be used to grind non-inflammable and non-explosive materials with Moh’s hardness below 9.3 and moisture content below 6%, such as barite, limestone, pottery, scoria. Size of final products can be adjusted between 80-425 mesh (The fineness can reach 1000 mesh).High Pressure Suspension Mill can produce coarse powder between 30-80 mesh by adding special equipment. This machine is widely used in the fields like mining, chemical industry, construction materials, metallurgy, etc.

Working Principle: In the mainframe of High Pressure Suspension Mill, there are strong springs with pressure as high as1000-1500 kg equipped on the roller suspender. When High Pressure Suspension Mill works, the roller rotates around the principal axis, and clings to ring under the effect of the strong spring and eccentricity. Its press is 1.2 times of Raymond mill under the same press condition, so the production is largely increased. When the materials are sent into the grinding chamber, they are brought to the space between the roller and ring and get grinded. Then the powder grinded will be blown into separator. The fine powder after departed with the air is discharged through the outlet as final product. The large-sized powder falls back for regrinding. The air will be back to the blower for repetition of the above process. The left air wil come to thel bag filter to get cleaned. When the wear and tear between roller and the ring reaches certain degree, adjust the length of the strong spring,, so to keep the invariable pressure between the roller and the ring, to make sure the stable production and the fineness. Characteristics: 1. Compared with other mills, its capacity increases by 10%-20% under the same power

condition, and compression force of rollers to material improve 800-1200kgf under the force of high-pressure spring.

2. Size of final product can be 0.613mm (30mesh) –0.033mm (425mesh). Some can reach the fineness of 0.013mm (1000 mesh).

3. High Pressure Suspension Mill meets the requirement of national dust-dump standard. 4. The separator can be adjusted very easily. 5. The multi-class seals are adopted to keep the grinding equipment tightly closed.

111

Technical data :

Notice: Any change of Jaw Crushers technical data shall not be advised additionally. _______________________________________________________________________________

Copyright © 2007 by Liming Road & Bridge Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. All rights reserved Add:15th, Dingxiangli, National HI-TECH Industry Development Zone, Zhengzhou, China.

Postcode : 450001 Tel : 0086-371-67371699 / 0086-371-67992899 . Fax : 0086-371-67992699 E-mail : Break-day@break-day.com

112

B.3 FLAP GATE

113

B.4 IMPULSE - CONDENSING TURBINE

Type descriptions of multi-stage steam turbines on building block system

Symbol Type identification

N—Normal pressure in outer casing H—High pressure in outer casing E—Extraction turbine G—Backpressure turbine K—Condensing turbine W—Double flow turbine

NK 32/28/0 N-Admission condition mark (N is normal pressure) K-Exhaust section (K is condensing type) 32-Marking size of outer casing(inner radius of wheel box of outer casing) 28-Marking size of rotor(root diameter of end stage rotor) 0-Extension section mark 0—without extension section

The condensing turbine is single casing , single shaft, impulse type, when the powers not

exceed 3000kW, turbine will provide a reduction gearbox; the powers exceed 6000kW, turbine will connect with a generator directly.

For northern high cold zone of china, turbine may apply to the heating in winter through

supplying the low vacuum circulating water(generate electricity in summer ), so that to advance the economy benefit of power station (middle and smaller type).

The non-controlled extraction condensing steam turbine may provide a certain steam flow

for industrial need. This series unit consists of a rotor and stator. The rotor is assembled . The stator includes

a casing , nozzle and diaphragm, labyrinth gland and bearing etc. A governing valve is connected with an actuator of speed regulation system via a mechanical lever.

The turbine uses a full hydraulic governing system and provides the protection devices

that have difference functions.

114

115

B.5 BLOWER

116

117

118

119

B.6 ROTARY VALVE

120

121

LAMPIRAN C

LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN

122

C.1 LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN SILO SEMENTARA

123

C.2 LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN BED 1

124

125

126

127

128

129

C.3 LEMBAR PERHITUNGAN BED 2

130

131

132

133

134

135

LAMPIRAN D

HASIL SIMULASI CYCLE TEMPO

136

D.1 SKEMA HASIL SIMULASI TIAP UNIT PENGERING

137

D.2 RINGKASAN INPUT SIMULASI TIAP UNIT PENGERING

138

139

140

D.3 SKEMA SIMULASI KETIGA UNIT PENGERING DAN SUBSISTEM PEMBANGKIT DAYA

141

D.4 RINGKASAN INPUT SIMULASI KETIGA UNIT PENGERING

DAN SUBSISTEM PEMBANGKIT DAYA

142

D.5 RINGKASAN OUTPUT SIMULASI KETIGA UNIT PENGERING

DAN SUBSISTEM PEMBANGKIT DAYA