sypcnsa department2007 summer youth program: internal protocols: rip & igrp
Post on 20-Dec-2015
234 views
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Summer Youth Program: Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: Internal Protocols:
RIP & IGRPRIP & IGRP
![Page 2: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
To route a router need to know:– Remote Networks
– Neighbor Routers
– All Possible routes to remote network
– The absolute best route to all remote networks
– Maintain and verify the routing information
What is Routing?
C B AD
![Page 3: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Basic Path Selection
What interface will the router send out a packet if it has destination address of 10.10.10.18?
![Page 4: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Basic IP Routing
172.16.1.0
BA
172.16.2.0
172.16.2.2
172.16.1.2172.16.2.1 172.16.1.1
e0 e0
>ping 172.16.1.2>ping 172.16.1.2
B
172.16.3.1 172.16.3.2
s0s0
Host A
Host B
![Page 5: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Routing/PDU Example:Host A Web browses to the HTTP
Server….
3. The destination port number in a segment header will have a value of __
1. The destination address of a frame will be the _______________________
2. The destination IP address of a packet will be the IP address of the ________________________________
![Page 6: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Routing/PDU Example:Host A Web browses to the HTTP
Server….
3. The destination port number in a segment header will have a value of 80
1. The destination address of a frame will be the Ethernet 0 on Lab A
2. The destination IP address of a packet will be the IP address of the NIC of the HTTP server
![Page 7: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
172.16.3.2
SO
Static Routes
172.16.1.0
B172.16.3.1
A B
Stub Network
172.16.2.0
SOA
Routes must be unidirectional
![Page 8: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
ip route remote network
[mask]
{address|interface}
[distance]
[permanent]
Router(config)#ip route remote_network mask next_hop
Static Route Configuration
![Page 9: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 172.16.3.2orip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 s0
Static Route Example
172.16.3.2
SO
172.16.1.0
B172.16.3.1
A B
Stub Network
172.16.2.0
SO
![Page 10: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Default Routes
172.16.3.2
SO
172.16.1.0
B172.16.3.1
A B
Stub Network
172.16.2.0
SO
ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 172.16.3.1 ip classless
![Page 11: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
• Routing protocols are used between routers to: – Determine the path of a packet through a network– Maintain routing tables– Examples?
• Routed protocols are:– Assigned to an interface– Once the path is determined by the Routing protocol, determines
method of delivery– Examples?
Routing vs. Routed
![Page 12: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Autonomous System 1 Autonomous System 2
IGPs: RIP, IGRP EGPs: BGP
Routing Protocols
•An autonomous system is a collection of networks under a common administrative domain.
•IGPs operate within an autonomous system.
•EGPs connect different autonomous systems.
![Page 13: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Classful Routing Overview
Classful routing protocols do not include the subnet mask with the route advertisement.
– Within the same network, consistency of the subnet masks is assumed.
– Summary routes are exchanged between foreign networks.
– Examples of classful routing protocols:• RIP Version 1 (RIPv1)• IGRP
![Page 14: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Classless Routing Overview
Classless routing protocols include the subnet mask with the route advertisement.
– Classless routing protocols support variable-length subnet masking (VLSM).
– Summary routes can be manually controlled within the network.
– Examples of classless routing protocols:
• RIP Version 2 (RIPv2)
• EIGRP
• OSPF
• IS-IS
![Page 15: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
IGRPAdministrative Distance=100
Router D
Router BRouter A
Router C
RIPAdministrative Distance=120
Default Administrative DistanceDirectly Connected: 0Static Route: 1RIP: 120IGRP: 100EIGRP: 90OSPF: 110
Administrative Distance
![Page 16: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
C B AD
RoutingTable
RoutingTable
RoutingTable
RoutingTable
RoutingTable
RoutingTable
RoutingTable
RoutingTable
Distance—How farVector—In which direction
Distance—How farVector—In which direction
Distance vector algorithms do not allow a router to know the exact topology of an internetwork.
All routers just broadcast their entire routing table out all active interfaces on periodic time intervals
Distance Vector
![Page 17: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Discovering RoutesDiscovering Routes
![Page 18: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Routing Tables PopulatedRouting Tables Populated
![Page 19: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Routing Loops
![Page 20: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Router Loops
![Page 21: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
64kbps
T1
T1 T1
– Hop count metric selects the path, 16 is unreachable– Full route table broadcast every 30 seconds– Load balance maximum of 6 equal cost paths (default = 4)– RIPv2 supports VLSM and Discontiguous networks
RIP Overview
![Page 22: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#network network-number*
network 172.16.0.0network 192.168.10.0
router RIPnetwork 172.16.0.0network 10.0.0.0
router RIP
*Network is a classful network address.
Every device on network uses the same subnet mask
172.16.10.0 192.168.10.010.3.5.0
RIP Routing Configuration
![Page 23: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
RIP Version 2
• Allows the use of variable length subnet masks (VLSM) by sending subnet mask information with each route update
• Distance Vector – same AD, and timers.• Easy configuration, just add the command
“version 2” under the router rip configuration
router ripnetwork 10.0.0.0version 2
![Page 24: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Discontiguous Addressing
• Two networks of the same classful networks are separated by a different network address
192.168.10.0/24
10.1.1.0/24192.168.10.0/24
– RIPv1 and IGRP do not advertise subnet masks, and therefore cannot support discontiguous subnets.
– OSPF, EIGRP, and RIPv2 can advertise subnet masks, and therefore can support discontiguous subnets.
![Page 25: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Passive Interface
Maybe you don’t want to send RIP updates out your router interface connected to the Internet. Use the passive-interface command:Router(config)#router rip
Router(config-router)#passive-interface serial0
This allows a router to receive route updates on an interface, but not send updates via that interface
S0 GatewayInternet
Updates
XX
![Page 26: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Verifying RIP
Router#show ip protocols
Router#show protocols
Router#show ip route
Router#debug ip rip
Router#undebug all (un all)
![Page 27: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
IGRP• Interior Gateway Routing Protocol - Cisco Proprietary• Uses bandwidth and delay of the line by default to select best path
AutonomousSystem
Router D
Router BRouter A
Router C
Requires Autonomous System number for activation
![Page 28: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
IGRP vs. RIP
• The important IGRP characteristics are as follows:– More scalability than RIP
– Fast response to network changes
– Sophisticated metric
– Multiple-path support
![Page 29: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Router(config)#router igrp autonomous-system
Router(config-router)#network network-number*
*Network is a classful network address.
Every device on network uses the same subnet mask
network 172.16.0.0
network 192.168.10.0
router IGRP 10network 172.16.0.0
network 10.0.0.0
router IGRP 10
172.16.10.0 192.168.10.010.3.5.0
Configuring IGRP
![Page 30: SYPCNSA Department2007 Summer Youth Program: Internal Protocols: RIP & IGRP](https://reader031.vdocuments.mx/reader031/viewer/2022013103/56649d445503460f94a20e62/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
SYPCNSA Department 2007
Verifying IGRP
Router# show ip route
Router# show ip protocols
Router# debug ip igrp transaction
Router# debug ip igrp events
Router# undebug all (un all)