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CIV 1298 – HVAC PRINCIPLES COURSE OUTLINE COURSE: CIV1298H “HVAC Principles” INSTRUCTOR: Thomas Simko, Ph.D., P.Eng. Thomas.Simko@utoronto.ca DATES: Six-hour sessions over five Saturdays 9am – 3:30 pm February 9 and 23, March 2, 9 and 16.

A two-and-a-half hour exam during the last session REQUIRED TEXT: McQuiston, F., Parker, J, Spitler, J. Heating Ventilating, and Air Conditioning,

6th Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.

BRIEF COURSE DESCRIPTION:

This course deals with the interrelationship of building envelopes and environmental control with an emphasis on sustainable building practices. The course examines thermal comfort and indoor air quality, heating, cooling and moisture regulation, air distribution and pressure regimes, energy usage, solar and internal gains, natural and hybrid ventilation, and the calculation of cooling and heating loads. More “responsible” building practices are identified and illustrated throughout.

LEARNER OUTCOMES: Upon completion of this course, participants will be able to:

• Understand the basic layouts and pros and cons of common HVAC systems.

• Calculate energy requirements by applying psychrometric theory to basic and advanced air conditioning processes. Psychrometric charts will be used to assist with visualizing the processes.

• Understand the comfort implications of indoor air quality, the common contaminants that affect IAQ and how they are controlled.

• Calculate the air infiltration/exfiltration due to wind and the stack effect with the crack method as applied to walls, windows and doors.

• Understand several solar energy concepts and the solar heat gain coefficient and its influence on the building cooling load.

• Calculate the cooling and heating loads for buildings.

• Follow new developments in HVAC, notably dedicated outdoor air systems and advanced heat recovery systems.

EVALUATION: Assignments 20% Project 30% Exam 50%

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SESSION TOPICS READINGS &

HANDOUTS

PROBLEMS

Week 1

1. Thermodynamic Fundamentals 1.1 Enthalpy 1.2 Temperature-Volume Diagrams 1.3 Units

Module 1 Notes

Week 1

2. Air Conditioning Systems 2.1 The Complete System 2.2 System Components 2.3 All-Air Systems 2.4 Air-Water Systems 2.5 All-Water Systems

Module 2 Notes Text Sections 2-1, 2-3 to 2-6

Week 1

3. Psychrometrics 3.1 Fundamental Equations 3.2 Psychrometric Chart

Module 3 Notes (alternative explanation in Text pp 49-56)

Week 1

4. Basic Air Conditioning Processes 4.1 Humidification 4.2 Dehumidification

Module 4 Notes (alternative explanation in Text pp 56-60)

Week 1

Tour of HVAC Systems (to be confirmed)

Week 2

5. Advanced Air Conditioning Processes 5.1 Mixed Air Streams 5.2 ∆ Enthalpy/∆ Humidity Ratio 5.3 Sensible Heat Factor 5.4 Bypass Factor 5.5 Advanced Examples

Module 5 Notes Text Pages 60-69

In-class tutorial problems from text.

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SESSION TOPICS READINGS & HANDOUTS

PROBLEMS

Week 2

6. Indoor Air Quality 6.1 Comfort 6.2 Common Contaminants 6.3 Control of Contaminants 6.4 Outdoor Air Requirements – Ontario Building Code & Standards 6.5 Concentration Calculations

Module 6 Notes Text Sections 4-1 to 4-5, 4-7

Week 3

7. Air Infiltration & Exfiltration (Natural Ventilation) 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Crack Method & ∆Ps 7.3 Windows and Doors 7.4 Outdoor Air Requirements – Example 7.5 Advanced Examples

Module 7 Notes Text Section 6-4

In-class tutorial problems from text.

Week 3

8. Solar Energy 8.1 Basic Concepts 8.2 Direct Solar Heat Gain Coefficient 8.3 Diffuse Solar Heat Gain Coefficient 8.4 Solar Heat Gain Through Frames 8.5 Calculating Solar Heat Gain

Module 8 Notes Text Sections 7.1, 7.5 to 7.6

Week 3

9. Heating Load 9.1 Introduction 9.2 Design Conditions and Summary 9.3 Example

Module 9 Notes

In-class tutorial

Week 4

10. Cooling Load – Concepts 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Solar Heat Gain Through Windows 10.3 Conduction Through Walls & Roofs 10.4 Time Delays & Thermal Mass 10.5 Internal Sensible Gains 10.6 Internal Latent Gains 10.7 Heat Gains from Infiltration 10.8 Putting it All Together

Module 10 Notes Text Sections 8.1-8.4 and 8.13-8.14

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SESSION TOPICS READINGS & HANDOUTS

PROBLEMS

Week 4

11. Cooling Load – Calculations 11.1 Radiant Times Series Method 11.2 Design Conditions 11.3 Sol-Air Temperature 11.4 Opaque Building Envelope – Conduction. 11.5 Opaque Building Envelope – Post-Conduction 11.6 Opaque Building Envelope – Summary 11.7 Fenestration – Conduction 11.8 Fenestration – Solar Heat Gain 11.9 Internal Heat Gains 11.10 Infiltration 11.11 Putting it All Together

Module 11 Notes Text Sections 8.1-8.4 and 8.13-8.14

In-class tutorial

Week 4

Guest Lecture: Comfort Cooling Systems (to be confirmed)

Week 5

13. Heat Recovery Systems & Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems 13.1 Heat Recovery 13.2 DOAS

Module 12 Course Notes

Week 5

Guest Lecture: Building Energy Simulation (to be confirmed) Review & Exam

Course Notes and Text