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www.cymru.gov.uk www.cadw.wales.gov.uk Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? John Edwards MA, DipBldgCons, BCAS, CEnv, FRICS, FCIOB, IHBC Assistant Director

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Page 1: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

www.cymru.gov.uk

www.cadw.wales.gov.uk

Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why?

John Edwards MA, DipBldgCons, BCAS, CEnv, FRICS, FCIOB, IHBC

Assistant Director

Page 2: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Weather in Wales 15th August 2012

Climate change – our biggest threat!

•Weather patterns uncertain •Wettest UK summer since 1912

•Extreme weather conditions – effecting buildings!

•Energy efficient buildings part of the solution!

•Understanding solutions!

Page 3: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Affecting traditional buildings

Page 4: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Affecting all traditional buildings

Page 5: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Retrofit - everywhere!

Retrofit global value £95 Billion up to 2020

Page 6: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Retrofit - everywhere!

Page 7: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Not just about Listed Buildings and Scheduled Monuments

Republic of Ireland 10%

Northern Ireland 16%

Scotland 20%

England 22%

Traditional Buildings – how many? Percentage Built pre 1919

Wales 34%

Page 8: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

These buildings are the different

Modern Traditional

but this is not understood by the majority…

THE PROBLEM!

They perform differently

ENGLISH HERITAGE

Page 9: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Treated the same – when it should be different

Treated differently – when it should be the same

Page 10: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Treated the same – when it should be different

Treated differently – when it should be the same

Page 11: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy

efficient - 8% less efficient than pre 1900. 3. 1970’s to 80’s – 20% less efficient than pre 1900. 4. 1900 to 1930 - 25% less efficient than pre 1900. 5. 1960’s - 35% less efficient than pre 1900. 6. 1940’s and 50’s - 45% less efficient - worst.

What is the most energy efficient building?

DCA/HM Courts Service UK

Understanding Buildings!

Page 12: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

some new buildings do not perform as well as expected!

Eland House, HQ of the Department of Communities and Local Government received an “F” rating as part of its own Display Energy Certificate initiative.

Eland House, designed as “C” rated

Understanding Buildings!

Page 13: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

UK compliance with EU Energy Performance in Buildings Directive…

• Building Regulations • EPCs • incentive schemes

Traditional buildings misunderstood

Page 14: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

1. Design and construction

2. Performance of the building at present

3. Performance of the building after retrofit

4. Is the condition of the building affecting its performance?

Traditional buildings misunderstood

Page 15: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Retrofit – usual choices?

Where are we losing energy?

Page 16: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Is double glazing a good choice? uPVC -“service life of at least 35 years under normal urban &

non-aggressive conditions” British Plastics Federation Payback = up to 124 years (RICS)

Retrofit – usual choices?

http://www.doubleglazingwolverhampton.net/image_library/library/d/dou/doubleglazingwolverhampton.net/orig_shutterstock_2004370.jpg
Page 17: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Windows – is double glazing required? Research by Glasgow Caledonian University

SINGLE GLAZED

SINGLE GLAZED +

HEAVY CURTAINS

SINGLE GLAZED + SHUTTERS

SINGLE GLAZED + ROLLER BLIND

SINGLE GLAZED +

HONEYCOMB BLIND

SINGLE GLAZED + LOW-E

SECONDARY GLAZING

SINGLE GLAZED + LOW-E

SECONDARY GLAZING

DOUBLE GLAZING

U – 4.3 U – 2.7 U – 2.1 U – 1.8 U – 1.6 U – 1.9 U – 1.7 U – 2.5

(low ‘E’, Argon 12mm gap)

Page 18: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Windows – Heat Loss Improvements Research by Glasgow Caledonian University

SINGLE GLAZED

SINGLE GLAZED +

HEAVY CURTAINS

SINGLE GLAZED + SHUTTERS

SINGLE GLAZED + ROLLER BLIND

SINGLE GLAZED +

HONEYCOMB BLIND

SINGLE GLAZED + LOW-E

SECONDARY GLAZING

SINGLE GLAZED + LOW-E

SECONDARY GLAZING

DOUBLE GLAZING

38%

51%

58%

62% 58%

41%

(low ‘E’, Argon 12mm gap)

Page 19: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Wall build up

Build Desk U-value 2.56 W/m2K Insitu U-value 1.75 W/m2K

Lime Plaster 15 Granite 400 Cement render 13 Lime roughcast render 25 Overall 453mm

Solid wall (homogenous) Solid Walls U-Value Research by the SPAB

Courtesy Caroline Rye / SPAB

Walls – what is the thermal value?

46.3% better

Page 20: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Walls with Cavities – Limestone & Plasterboard

Insitu U-value 0.96 – 0.97 W/m2K Build Desk U-value 1.90 W/m2K

Wall build up Gypsum skim 3 Plasterboard 13 Cavity 10 Limestone (ashlar) 170 Overall 196mm

(Without Dry Lining = 2.0 W/m2K)

Courtesy Caroline Rye / SPAB

Walls – what is the thermal value?

95.9% better

Page 21: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

0.00

0.50

1.00

1.50

2.00

2.50

3.00

3.50

4.00

4.50

0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50

In-s

itu U

-val

ues

(W/m

2K)

Build Desk U-values (W/m2K)

BuildDesk/In-situ U-value Comparison

In-situ U-values

Linear (Build DeskU-values)

Overestimates In-situ U-value performance.

Underestimates In-situ U-value performance in 79% of cases.

Walls – what is the thermal value?

Page 22: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Wall build up

Build Desk U-value 2.56 W/m2K Insitu U-value 1.75 W/m2K

Lime Plaster 15 Granite 400 Cement render 13 Lime roughcast render 25 Overall 453mm

Solid wall (homogenous) Solid Walls U-Value Research by the SPAB

Courtesy Caroline Rye / SPAB

Walls – what is the thermal value?

46.3% better

Page 23: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Wall build up

Build Desk U-value 2.56 W/m2K Insitu U-value 1.75 W/m2K

Lime Plaster 15 Granite 400 Cement render 13 Lime roughcast render 25 Overall 453mm

Solid wall (homogenous) Solid Walls U-Value Research by the SPAB

Courtesy Caroline Rye / SPAB

Walls – real thermal improvement!

46.3% better

With IWI 43% improvement

With IWI 17% improvement

Predicted 15% overall improvement to the building based on 35% heat loss through walls

Real overall improvement = 5%

Predicted U Value 2.56

Real U Value 1.75

Real U Value 46.3% better

Theoretical analysis

Page 24: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

1.24 W/m2K @ 1800 mm above ffl

1.50 W/m2K @ 800 mm above ffl

0.76 W/m2K @ 1790 mm above ffl

1.05 W/m2K @ 630 mm above ffl

Damp Walls – less thermally efficient Relationship between wall moisture and U - Values

Courtesy Caroline Rye / SPAB DRY DAMP

Greatest heat loss through the

dampest area

Damp wall due to: Poor repair, interstitial condensation, trapped moisture, inappropriate insulation……..

Page 25: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Understanding the basics…

Do you know? 1. The materials and tools

required for re-pointing stone / brick joints in traditional buildings.

2. The implications of not re-pointing joints properly.

Page 26: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Pointing trowels TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS

Re-pointing stone/brickwork

Pointing irons

Which tools should be used?

Understanding the basics…

Page 27: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS

Wrong tools = inferior work = energy inefficiency

Re-pointing stone/brickwork

X Pointing irons Pointing trowels

These are the same – treat them the same!

Understanding the basics…

Which tools should be used?

Page 28: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Repairs to Stone Wall Repair Type Durability – well

executed Durability – sub standard

Stone indent / piecing in 100+ yrs 10-20 yrs

Mortar repairs in sheltered locations 30-60 yrs 5-15 yrs

Mortar repairs in exposed locations

Avoid < 10 yrs

Mortar joint re-pointing 60-120 yrs 5-15 yrs

Stone replacement 100+ yrs < 30 yrs

Brick replacement 100+ yrs

< 30 yrs

Waste money & energy/ Deterioration

Poor / Inappropriate Work

Page 29: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Best Practice Retrofit

STBA SUSTAINABLE TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS ALLIANCE

Created to promote a better understanding and more informed approach to traditional buildings by both mainstream and heritage crafts and professions

download at: www.retrofitbuildings.com

http://www.retrofitbuildings.com/
Page 30: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Best Practice Retrofit

STBA SUSTAINABLE TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS ALLIANCE

1. Responsible Retrofit 2. Understanding of Moisture Risk 3. Heat Loss 4. Internal Wall Insulation

download at: www.retrofitbuildings.com

http://www.retrofitbuildings.com/
Page 31: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Best Practice Retrofit - STBA 1. Responsible Retrofit

download at: www.retrofitbuildings.com

• What knowledge exists • Quality of knowledge • Gaps • Actions needed to fill gaps and up lift quality • Risk analysis approach to retrofit

http://www.retrofitbuildings.com/
Page 32: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Best Practice Retrofit - STBA 2. Moisture Risk

“BS 5250:2011 (and the calculations given in BS EN ISO 13788:2002) should not be used as the sole form of moisture calculation risk for traditional buildings. The use of BS 5250:2011 is insufficient for solid wall buildings where driven rain and other sources of fabric moisture are present. This makes it inadequate as a means to assess all risks posed by moisture to the building fabric and occupants of traditional buildings. In particular, for all Internal Wall Insulation applications to solid walls, numerical modelling according to BS EN 15026:2007 should be used, with substantial safety margins built in due to the lack of data and research. The same applies to all EWI applications where construction moisture is likely to exist, due to previous weathering, lack of damp proof courses etc.”

Page 33: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Best Practice Retrofit - STBA 2. Moisture Risk

“The use of BS 5250:2011 as the only method of assessing the moisture content of traditional buildings and of such buildings where retrofit insulation is applied, could lead to considerable fabric decay and risks to human health, as well as waste of material and financial resources. Furthermore problems resulting from incorrect assessment may occur and become apparent only after some time (sometimes several years). This means that policies for retrofit run the risk of incurring significant long term liabilities unless adjusted in the near future.”

Page 34: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Best Practice Retrofit - STBA 2. Moisture Risk

“In general where sufficient weather and material properties data exist the use of BS EN 15026:2007 as a method of calculating moisture risks should be encouraged. In the short term the limitations of BS 5250:2011 need to be clearly noted in standards and certifications and should not be permitted to form the sole basis for moisture risk assessment in traditional buildings. Ultimately, the current practice within the building industry of only a partial test of moisture risk via the use of BS 5250:2011 needs to be corrected by the development of a new standard that assesses all moisture risks arising within all buildings.”

Page 35: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Best Practice Retrofit - STBA 3. Heat Loss

BR334 • Calculating heat loss (U Values) – referred to in Part L

Building Regulations • U Value software • U Values inaccurate • Reliant on identified materials with known thermal

qualities • Solid walls – make up unknown • Little thermal conductivity data available for UK building

materials • Calculated U Values unable to consider thermal mass • Default U Values too high and need urgent review

Page 36: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Best Practice Retrofit

STBA SUSTAINABLE TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS ALLIANCE

1. Responsible Retrofit 2. Understanding of Moisture Risk 3. Heat Loss 4. Internal Wall Insulation

Page 37: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

“If we repair traditional buildings with modern

materials and techniques we will inhibit their

breathability – this can lead to accelerated

deterioration and greater heat loss”.

Did you know?

Research by SPAB

Does mainstream understand?

What is the real knowledge gap?

Page 38: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

“Research has shown that existing single glazed windows can easily be

upgraded to provide better U Values than provided by

replacement modern double glazed windows – costing less

and a greener approach”

Did you know?

Research by Historic Scotland/English Heritage/ Glasgow Caledonian University

Does mainstream understand?

What is the real knowledge gap?

Page 39: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Walls – hygrothermal physics

Moisture ingress from rainfall

Page 40: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Walls – hygrothermal physics

Moisture ingress from rainfall

Can reach quite a depth but walls built in lime mortar are breathable and allow

moisture to evaporate

Page 41: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Walls – hygrothermal physics

Moisture ingress from rainfall

Heat inside building helps to remove

moisture from wall

Page 42: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Walls – hygrothermal physics

Moisture ingress from rainfall

Without heat inside

building the wall will be

damp longer – causing

greater heat loss and building

deterioration

Page 43: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Walls – hygrothermal physics

Moisture ingress from rainfall

Heat inside building

buffered from the wall by insulation.

Wall will be damp longer –

causing greater heat loss and

building deterioration

Page 44: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Thermal Mass

Heating on warming masonry

Page 45: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Thermal Mass

Heating off And temp will slowly drop

Warmth in masonry dispersal

Page 46: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Heating on

Internal Wall Insulation

No Thermal Mass

Page 47: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Heating off with immediate temperature reduction

Internal Wall Insulation

No Thermal Mass

Page 48: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Thermal Mass

Radiant Heat Warming Masonry

Page 49: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Thermal Mass

Radiant Heat Warmed Masonry during day time

Warmth in masonry dispersal Dependant on wall thickness

Page 50: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

No Radiant Heat Benefit

Internal Wall Insulation

No Thermal Mass

Page 51: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Radiant Heat NOT Warming Masonry

External Wall Insulation

No Thermal Mass

Page 52: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Common practice isn't best practice!

External Wall Insulation

Page 53: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Common practice isn't best practice!

External Wall Insulation

Page 54: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

External Wall Insulation

STBA SUSTAINABLE TRADITIONAL BUILDINGS ALLIANCE

Most systems in the UK have BBA approval – a requirement for warranties and insurance. “None of the certificates (resulting from tests) examined noted any special requirements for traditional buildings. ….”no acknowledgment of the different thermal performance of traditional buildings. Neither is there any acknowledgment of particular moisture conditions … or any special requirement in terms of assessment or application”. Page 41

Page 55: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Character and Aesthetics

Pontypool – no Listed buildings but lots of character!

Page 56: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Character and Aesthetics

Pontypool – no Listed buildings but lots of character!

Page 57: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Character and Aesthetics

Suitable for External Wall Insulation?

Page 58: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Character and Aesthetics

Suitable for External Wall Insulation?

Page 59: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Character and Aesthetics

Suitable for External Wall Insulation?

Page 60: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Character and Aesthetics

Suitable for External Wall Insulation?

Page 61: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Cared for by conservation experts…

•Listed Building /Scheduled Monument Consents •Building Regulation exemptions •More likely to have proper expertise •Green Deal – more expert approach

Page 62: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Will mainstream properly care for these?

•No planning consents for most measures •Building Regulations – ‘Special Considerations’ – but will they be applied for or granted? •Much less likely to have proper expertise – from ‘mainstream’ •Green Deal – risks to buildings, paybacks. Unlikely to receive ‘expertise’ from the Green Deal Advisor

Page 63: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Appropriate Professional

Expertise

Correct/ Appropriate

Work Specified

Appropriate Craft Skill &

Expertise Deployed

Work Properly

Undertaken b

Sustaining traditional buildings Whose responsible?

Page 64: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Lack of Professional

Expertise

Risk of incorrect/

inappropriate Work

Specified

Wrong Craft Skill &

Expertise Deployed

Wrong Work !

Whose responsible? Sustaining traditional buildings

Page 65: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Appropriate Professional

Expertise

Correct/ Appropriate

Work Specified

Inappropriate Craft Skill &

Expertise Deployed

Work not Properly

Undertaken b

Whose responsible? Sustaining traditional buildings

Page 66: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Heritage Cottage

3 David Street, Cwmdare

Page 67: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

3 David Street, Cwmdare

Heritage Cottage

https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=a9a744def4&view=att&th=139e33aa0da5edf9&attid=0.3&disp=inline&safe=1&zw
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/?ui=2&ik=a9a744def4&view=att&th=139e33aa0da5edf9&attid=0.3&disp=inline&safe=1&zw
Page 68: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

•Tests & analysis

•Understanding performance

•Inputting into the pool of expertise being developed

•Knowledge to influence other parts of Welsh Government

•Guidance – Cadw & mainstream partners

•Training – crafts & professions 3 David Street, Cwmdare

Heritage Cottage

Page 69: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

• Traditional and other buildings are different

• Character and aesthetics

• Common practice is often poor practice

• The very first measure is repair

• Need to understand building performance

• Risk analysis approach

• Some measures will be harmful

• Links to skills, training and education

Sustaining Traditional Buildings Summary

Page 70: Sustaining Our Traditional Buildings ~ how and why? · 1. Pre 1900 – most energy efficient –per sq. Metre. 2. 1990’s and 2000’s – second most energy efficient - 8% less

Society for the Protection of Ancient Buildings www.spab.org.uk

Climate Change and Your Home www.climatechangeandyourhome.org.uk

Carbon Action 2050 www.carbonaction2050.com

Retrofit Buildings for Climate Change www.retrofitbuildings.com

Cadw www.cadw.wales.gov.uk/

Thank you - any questions? [email protected]

STBA www.stbauk.org

http://www.spab.org.uk/
http://www.climatechangeandyourhome.org.uk/
http://www.climatechangeandyourhome.org.uk/
http://www.retrofitbuildings.com/
http://www.cadw.wales.gov.uk/
http://www.stbauk.org/

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