supporting an lng fuelled marine industry future across the entire gas value chain

© Wärtsilä

Supporting an LNG-fuelled marine industry future across the entire gas value chain17th November 2016SGMF Conference, Langfang, China

Anil Soni

Director, Strategy and Market Development

Wärtsilä Gas Solutions

Mathias Jansson

Innovation & Product Development

Fuel Gas Handling

22 November 20161

© Wärtsilä

2025 Jan 1:New

chapter of Marpol

Annex IV – Energy

Efficiency Design

Index (EEDI)

2016 Jul 1: Ecdis

mandatory existing

tankers (>3,000 GT)

2016 Jan 1: US ballast water

requirements for existing ships (ballast

Water capacity less than 1,5000 cu m or

greater than 5,000 cu m)

2016 Jan 1: IMO ballast water convention applies to

all other vessels (implies treatment technology needs

installing on vessels with ballast water)

2014 Jul 1: Ecdis mandatory for

existing passenger ships (<500

GT)

2014 Jul 1: Ecdis mandatory for newbuilding

cargo ships (>3,000gt and <10,000 GT)

2013 Aug 1: Maritime Labour

Convention.

2013 Jan 1: US ballast water

requirements start for

newbuildings.

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

2012 Jan 1: Europe confirmed draft changes to

Sulphur in fuel directive.

2012 Jul 1: Ecdis mandatory for newbuilding

passenger ships (>500 GT) and newbuild tankers

(>3,000gt).

2013 Jan 1: Ship Energy Efficiency

Management plan and EEDI comes into force.

2013 Jan 1: EEDI becomes mandatory for

newbuildings. Benchmark set.

2013 Jul 1: Ecdis

mandatory for

newbuilding cargo

ships

(> 10,000 GT).

2014 Jan 1: IMO ballast water convention

applies to vessels built pre 2009 (implies

treatment technology needs installing on

vessels with ballast capacity 1,500 GT to 5,000

GT)

2014 Jan 1: US ballast water requirements for

existing ships (ballast water capacity 1,500 cu m

to 5,000 cu m)

2014 Jul 1: Noise levels: The code on noise levels

onboard ships will come into effect when the new

regulation enters into force.

2015 Jan 1: SOx ECA limits Sulphur in fuel

drops from 1.0% to 0.1% (SOx in emissions

should be equivalent if post combustion

exhaust gas cleaning technology is used)

2015 Jul 1: Ecdis mandatory existing

tankers (>3,000 GT)

2016 Jan 1: IMO NOx tier III

rules in force (newbuildings

operating in an ECA)

2017 Jul 1: Ecdis mandatory existing

cargo vessels (20,000 GT to 50,000 GT)

2018 Jan 1: Ecdis

mandatory existing

cargo vessels

(<20,000 GT)

2018 Jul 1: IMO low-

Sulphur fuel availability

survey completed (to

determine if 2020 global

reduction to 0.4% should

be deferred to 2024)

2020 Jan 1: Potential start of

market-based measure to further

curb CO2 emissions from shipping

(and contribute to the UNFCCC

initiated climate

2020 Jan 1: Sulphur in fuels

global limit drops from 3.5% to

0.5%

2020 Jan 1: European rules on

Sulphur in fuels forces drop to 0.5%

regardless of IMO 2018 availability

study

Regulations governing shipping & offshore are becoming stricter everyday

SHIPPING REGULATIONS

Source : Lloyd’s List.

ECDIS=Electronic chart Display and Information system,

EEDI=Energy Efficiency Design index

This picture is only directional. Refer to www.imo.org for latest timeline

22 November 20162 Supporting an LNG-fuelled marine industry future across the entire gas value chain

© Wärtsilä

Until recent past shipping & offshore was as simple as this…..

SHIPPING ROUTES


© Wärtsilä

Established Emissions Controlled Areas

Emissions Controlled Areas under consideration

Shipping critical points

But the picture has been changing to look something more like this….

SHIPPING ROUTES


© Wärtsilä

Technologically there are two economic ways to minimize emissions

TECHNOLOGY OPTIONS TO COMPLY WITH ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS

Exhaust gas treatment

technologies

Switch to alternative fuels

Two ways ahead:


© Wärtsilä

Natural gas as marine fuel is the perfect option to comply with emissions regulations

LNG AS FUEL FOR COMPLIANCE WITH EMISSION REGULATIONS

CO2

NOx

SOx

Particulates

Dual-Fuel engine

in gas mode

Diesel

engine

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Emission

values [%]

-25%

-85%

-100%

-100%

Picture Source: https://malcolmoliver.files.wordpress.com22 November 20166 Supporting an LNG-fuelled marine industry future across the entire gas value chain

© Wärtsilä

Chicken and Egg Dilemma – the million dollar question

CHICKEN AND EGG DILEMMA


© Wärtsilä

LNG as Fuel movement is still waiting for enough LNG bunkering facilities

CHICKEN AND EGG DILEMMA

• Ship Owners are not keen to use LNG as fuel due to lack

of LNG bunkering facilities

• Terminal builders/operators are not keen to invest due to

lack of sufficient LNG fuelled vessels to bunker

• But for how long will we keep talking about this dilemma?

• It’s time to take some concrete actions and

SGMF is one of best initiatives in this

direction.


© Wärtsilä

Cargo Ship; 4

Containership; 3Cruise; 5

Ferries; 15

Gas Carrier; 6

Inland Vessel; 586

LNG Bunkering Vessel; 3LNGC; 117

LNGC/FSRU; 2

Offshore; 13

Other; 5

Ro-Ro; 3

Tanker; 10

On Order

Cargo Ship; 3

Containership; 3

Cruise; 1

Ferries; 35

Gas Carrier;

12

Inland Vessel; 37 LNGC; 201

LNGC/FSRU; 14

Offshore; 32

Other; 8Ro-Ro; 4

Tanker; 5

In Service

In Service; 355; 31%

On Order; 772; 69%

Global LNG Fuelled Fleet

LNG FUELLED FLEET

Source: Clarkson Research 24 Oct. 2016

LNG Fuelled Ships


© Wärtsilä

OVERVIEW OF LNG SOLUTIONS & BUNKERING IN DIFFERENT VESSEL SEGMENTS Mathias JanssonInnovation & Product DevelopmentFuel Gas Handling


© Wärtsilä 22 November 201612

REFERENCES - OVERVIEW

NOTE: Includes also LNG fuel gas tank deliveries of Hamworthy

Dredger 3

Fish Feeder 1

Offshore special 1

Passenger 1

Product Tanker 5

PSV 12

RoPax 20

RoRo 4

Tug 4

Special vessels 15

Belgium 4

Canada 14

Germany 2

Norway 15

Sweden 3

UAE 1

USA 8

UK 17

Finland 1

Spain 1

Total number of vessels equipped with Wartsila LNGPac™: 66

Total number of LNGPac™: 80

Total volume: 20580 m³

Number of vessels in operation: 18

Number of vessels confirmed and/or under construction: 48

Owner country Application

ABS 6500

BV 6839

DNV-GL 4478

LR 2738

Tasneef 25

Number per class

Volume per class

ABS 10

BV 15

DNV-GL 16

LR 24

Tasneef 1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017+

15

2 25

18

33

Delivery year

Distribution trend of LNG fuel gas vessels fitted with Wärtsilä LNG Fuel gas system

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

20112012

20132014

20152016

2017 +

Year

Cumulative distribution of LNG fuel gas vessels fitted with Wärtsilä LNG Fuel gas system

66

Supporting an LNG-fuelled marine industry future across the entire gas value chain

© Wärtsilä

WÄRTSILÄ LNGPAC – DIFFERENT SOLUTIONS FOR DIFFERENT NEEDS

LNGPac TM with double shell

vacuum insulated tanks and

pressure build up

LNGPacTM with single shell

tanks and LNG pumps

(capacity range 25-500 m3) (capacity range 300-3000+.. m3)

LNGPac TM with vertical tanks

Wärtsilä LNGPac:

Optimal Solution for your

LNG fuelled ship

22 November 201613

LNGPacTM ISO with

containerized tanks


© Wärtsilä

EXAMINING TANK TYPE C - ARRANGEMENTS

Vacuum insulated tanks Polyurethane insulated tanks

Horizontal

Vertical

Cylindrical

Bilobe Multilobe(prototype)

Vertical

14 22 November 2016 Supporting an LNG-fuelled marine industry future across the entire gas value chain

© Wärtsilä

LNG DYNAMICS:

INFLUENCE ON LNG BUNKERING


© Wärtsilä16

WÄRTSILÄ LNGPAC LNG BUNKERING

8

5

2

Time

Tank pressure

Bar(g)

Tank pressure control during bunkering

• Bunkering from top (spray)

• Bunkering from bottom

• Automatic mode

Bunkering

station

Tank Connection Space

The LNG bunkered should be as cold as

possible, to have an effective recondensation

of BOG during bunkering from top!

The LNG composition of the bunkered LNG

should be as close as possible of the LNG in

the tank (prefer same bunkering source)!

LNG influence during bunkering


© Wärtsilä


LNG bunkering pressure is an important

parameter for an effective bunkering.

Following equation must apply for bunkering:

The higher the difference between feeding

pressure and p2 the higher the volume flow

is.

𝒑𝟏 − 𝒑𝒍𝒊𝒇𝒕𝒊𝒏𝒈,𝒉𝒆𝒊𝒈𝒉𝒕 + 𝜟𝒑𝒑𝒖𝒎𝒑 > 𝒑𝟐

Indicative maximum bunkering flows for

different bunkering station skid sizes:

DN 50 = 50 m3/h;

DN 80 = 100 m3/h;

DN 100 = 220 m3/h

DN 150= 430 m3/h

LNG influence during bunkering


© Wärtsilä18


Fully SGMF compliant bunkering manifold arrangement

Complete range of bunkering manifold equipment, built

as separate, completely pre-assembled units for

bunkering and/or vapour return. All units are fully in

accordance with latest recommendations of SGMF

committee, guideline for standardization of bunkering

manifold arrangement for gas fuelled vessels.

Bunkering capacity: 50-430 m³/hr (indicative)

Bunkering manifold sizes: DN50/80/100/150

Vapour Return manifold sizes: DN50/80/100


Source: SGMF

© Wärtsilä 22 November 201620

Tianjin, China

CHINA’S FIRST FSRU GDF SUEZ CAPE ANN

FSRU GDF Suez Cape Ann

Owner Hoegh LNG; MOL

Builder SHI, South Korea

Year of Built 2009

Cargo Capacity 145 130 m3

Regas Trains 3 x 210 TPH

Max operating capacity 750 mmscfd

Containment system Mark III - Membrane

Classification DNV-GL

LOA 283 m

Breadth moulded 46 m

Summer draught 12.4 m

Regas Unit Designer Wärtsilä Gas

Solutions

Engine Wärtsilä DFDE

• Employed as China’s first FSRU

located in Tianjin, China, in order

to cover industrial demand for

natural gas and replace liquid

fuels

Source: http://www.hoeghlng.com


© Wärtsilä

Steam Heated Water/Glycol LNG Regasification System

22 November 2016 Supporting an LNG-fuelled marine industry future across the entire gas value chain21

FSRU GDF SUEZ CAPE ANN

Typical Capacity / Train

Range Unit

Flow 50~270 TPH

Pressure 46~120 Bar

Steam 15~83 TPH

Anil Soni

[email protected]

Mathias Jansson

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

supporting an lng fuelled marine industry future across the entire gas value chain

Presentations & Public Speaking