Substance Substance Use and Use and Abuse Abuse

DefinitionDefinition: : Any substance that, when taken into the body, will Any substance that, when taken into the body, will modify one or more of the body’s functions. (e.g. modify one or more of the body’s functions. (e.g. can an increase in heart rate). They may be legal can an increase in heart rate). They may be legal (medicine, caffeine) or illegal (marijuana, cocaine),(medicine, caffeine) or illegal (marijuana, cocaine),

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Methods of Drug Methods of Drug AdministrationAdministration

Drugs can be taken in four ways:Drugs can be taken in four ways:

1.1. Oral Ingestion Oral Ingestion

- most common, convenient, slowest reaction- most common, convenient, slowest reaction

2.2. InjectionInjection

- the drug is dissolved in liquid and injected (very - the drug is dissolved in liquid and injected (very rapid action)rapid action)

3.3. InhalationInhalation

- as a powder or gas- as a powder or gas

4.4. AbsorptionAbsorption

- transdermal, chemical absorbs through skin (ie. - transdermal, chemical absorbs through skin (ie. Patch)Patch)

Overall Effects of drugs on the Overall Effects of drugs on the bodybody

Drugs are chemical substances that change Drugs are chemical substances that change the way our bodies work.the way our bodies work.

They can be put into the body by swallowing, They can be put into the body by swallowing, inhaling, or injection.inhaling, or injection.

They enter the bloodstream and are They enter the bloodstream and are transported to all the organs of your body transported to all the organs of your body (brain, liver, lungs).(brain, liver, lungs).

Effects – con’t…Effects – con’t…

Drugs can be helpful or harmful.Drugs can be helpful or harmful.

Effects depend on the kind of drug taken, Effects depend on the kind of drug taken, how much taken, how often it is taken. Body how much taken, how often it is taken. Body size, shape, and chemistry make a difference size, shape, and chemistry make a difference

Using drugs for non-medical purposes Using drugs for non-medical purposes always poses a degree of risk to the always poses a degree of risk to the user. Risks can very from very low to user. Risks can very from very low to very high. Harm can occur for first very high. Harm can occur for first time users or addicts.time users or addicts.

We use the Continuum of Drug Use to We use the Continuum of Drug Use to categorize your potential risk of drug categorize your potential risk of drug use and abuse.use and abuse.

Drug Use Continuum Drug Use Continuum (p. 215)(p. 215)

How Can We Categorize How Can We Categorize Drugs?Drugs?

Types of Drugs…Types of Drugs…

5 Types of Drugs5 Types of Drugs

1. Stimulants1. Stimulants Excites or speeds up the CNS (central Excites or speeds up the CNS (central

nervous system)nervous system) Increases alertness / energy level and Increases alertness / energy level and

decreases appetite.decreases appetite. It can produce a strong psychological and It can produce a strong psychological and

physical dependencephysical dependence Includes:Includes:

Cocaine/Crack (coke, blow, nose candy)Cocaine/Crack (coke, blow, nose candy) Tobacco Tobacco Caffeine Caffeine Amphetamines (bennies, speed, uppers)Amphetamines (bennies, speed, uppers) Nicotine Nicotine

2. Depressants2. Depressants

Slow down central nervous systemSlow down central nervous system At low dose – calm, drowsy, well-beingAt low dose – calm, drowsy, well-being At High dose – unconsciousness, coma, At High dose – unconsciousness, coma,

deathdeath If mixed with alcohol-increases risk of overdose If mixed with alcohol-increases risk of overdose

and death.and death. Includes:Includes:

AlcoholAlcohol Opiates (heroin, opium, morphine, codeine)Opiates (heroin, opium, morphine, codeine) Inhalants (paint thinner, glue)Inhalants (paint thinner, glue) Sedatives (barbiturates-reds, goof balls, sleeping pills, Sedatives (barbiturates-reds, goof balls, sleeping pills,

rohypnolrohypnol Tranquillizers (valium, anti-anxiety medications, Tranquillizers (valium, anti-anxiety medications,

downers)downers)

3. Hallucinogens 3. Hallucinogens Dramatically affect perception, emotions and Dramatically affect perception, emotions and

mental process.mental process. Distortions of realityDistortions of reality Have a high risk of overdoseHave a high risk of overdose Hallucinogens make emotions more intense. Skin Hallucinogens make emotions more intense. Skin

feels tingly and heart rate increases. feels tingly and heart rate increases. Includes:Includes:

LSD (acid)LSD (acid) Ecstasy (X)Ecstasy (X) PCP (angel dust)PCP (angel dust) Magic Mushrooms (shrooms)Magic Mushrooms (shrooms) Ketamine (special K)Ketamine (special K)

4. Cannabis4. Cannabis

Most widely used illegal drugMost widely used illegal drug Acts on the body in many ways: Acts on the body in many ways:

hallucinogenic, depressant, stimulanthallucinogenic, depressant, stimulant Includes:Includes:

HashishHashish Hash oilHash oil MarijuanaMarijuana

5. Anabolic Steroids5. Anabolic Steroids

Are Performance enhancing drugsAre Performance enhancing drugs They increase the effects of naturally They increase the effects of naturally

occurring hormones in the body occurring hormones in the body The use of steroids can seriously The use of steroids can seriously

damage a person’s health and are damage a person’s health and are banned by sports organizations. banned by sports organizations.

IncludesIncludes Any synthetic testosterone or testosterone Any synthetic testosterone or testosterone

mimicker mimicker

Assignment #1Assignment #1

Substance Abuse Assignment.Substance Abuse Assignment.

Go to My TeacherWeb and look under Go to My TeacherWeb and look under the ‘PPL1O’ for a copy of the the ‘PPL1O’ for a copy of the assignment you are to complete.assignment you are to complete.

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Substance Abuse AssignmentRationale:In this assignment you will work with a partner and select a drug to research. You must inform your teacher on the drug you have chosen, as there will be no duplication of topics allowed. Both you and your partner must complete an equal amount of the work and share both parts of this assignment.

Part 1:Once you have selected a particular drug you will answer the questions below. These are ‘guiding’ questions only, you may add to your presentation as you see fit. In fact, it is expected that you include other relevant information when conducting your research.

Part 2:Once you have gathered your information you will create a powerpoint/prezi presentation on the topic you have chosen. View the examples I have listed below to help increase your knowledge on how to create a Prezi and some of its advantages.You will present your Prezi to your classmates in a brief and informative presentation on ????

1. INFORMATION COLLECTION:•Locate the following information:•Name of Drug / Slang or street names•What is the history of this drug (origin)?•How does it enter the body / What type of drug is it?•How does it affect the body physically, mentally, emotionally?•What are the active ingredients?•What are the withdrawal symptoms?•Are there any medical uses (past or present)?•What are the dangers or harmful consequences of using this drug?•What are the Canadian laws regarding use of this drug?•How can a person quit using this drug (suggestions to stop)?•Statistics of usage (chart or graph)•You must use a minimum of 2 resources (either books, internet, video or other – please cite your work)•Here are some helpful websites to start your research: www.health.org www.smoke-free.cawww.nida.nih.gov www.dietitians.com/caffeine.htmlwww.druginfo.org/orgs/dsi www.healthcentral.comwww.canadian-health-network.ca www.kidshealth.org

2. CREATE A PREZIIn part 2, you will view one or both of the sites below to learn how to create a Prezi presentation. Like a power point presentation, this is a tool that will make your presentations more interesting and interactive. It is the expectation that both members will contribute to the Prezi as well as gathering of information. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dInC4zPbV6Ihttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVJcOalE23E&list=PL09A34EF19596B7BB&index=1•You should include pictures / charts or graphs in your prezi to complement the written information... NEATNESS and OVERALL APPEAL are crucial in getting your message and information across to the viewer.•Use of graphics in your presentation is strongly recommended.•Information should be current•Data/statistics needs to be cited•Please ensure that your work has been proof-read before presenting it •Practice/rehearse your role! Do not present the information as though you’ve never seen the material before – practice what you’ll be saying beforehand•You are the expert on this topic so be thorough!!!

Assignment #1Assignment #1-In pairs, you will pick One-(1) illicit drug to -In pairs, you will pick One-(1) illicit drug to researchresearch

-Set up a PowerPoint/prezi with a minimum of six--Set up a PowerPoint/prezi with a minimum of six-(6) to eight-(8) slides that describes the following:(6) to eight-(8) slides that describes the following:

-how your drug affects its user (ie. Causes -how your drug affects its user (ie. Causes drowsiness, alertness, hyperactivity…) what signs drowsiness, alertness, hyperactivity…) what signs are there that a person is on this drug…are there that a person is on this drug…

-medical/physical consequences (ie. Vomitting, -medical/physical consequences (ie. Vomitting, seizures, short term memory loss…) Short or long seizures, short term memory loss…) Short or long term health problemsterm health problems

-laws against it’s use (p. 224)-laws against it’s use (p. 224)

-identify the major factors (e.g., environmental influences such as peer pressure, media influences, adolescent attitudes) that contribute to the use of your drug (p. 218)

-identify the school and community resources involved in education, prevention, and treatment with respect to alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs

-include graphics, pictures, charts, diagrams, or -include graphics, pictures, charts, diagrams, or video’s…video’s…

-Other...-Other...http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/addiction/abuse/addiction/abuse/

alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs

TOPIC: TOPIC: Legalization of MarijuanaLegalization of Marijuana

FORMAT: FORMAT: Students will discuss/debate the pros Students will discuss/debate the pros and cons of legalization marijuana use in Canada.and cons of legalization marijuana use in Canada.

DATE: DATE:

REQUIREMENTS: REQUIREMENTS: Students will prepare and Students will prepare and hand in notes the day of the debate. The following hand in notes the day of the debate. The following day, students will submit a 1 page paper day, students will submit a 1 page paper discussing their opinions with supporting evidencediscussing their opinions with supporting evidence

Assignment #2 – CLASS Assignment #2 – CLASS DEBATEDEBATE