subject internal combustion engine semester 5th trade mechanical year 3rd

INSTRUCTION FOR FACULTY

1. Absentee slip be filled daily for all classes and submitted to the Registrar/A.O.

2. Monthly report is submitted till 3rd of every month (Separately for separate subjects).

3. Teacher assessment form to be filled daily after the class.4. Syllabus is attached in the attendance register.5. Attendance is marked as 1, 2, 3, 4……If student is absent, Absent be marked

and date of classes taken to be mentioned in the attendance registers.6. If the faculty wants to exchange class with other faculty that has to be

informed prior to taking class to the Registrar. A/O7. Date of column to be made for mentioning dates.8. If there is holiday, then it has to be mentioned.9. After mid term examination, answer sheets to be checked within a week and

award list submitted.10.Faculty to take presentation/quizzes of the students if the course completes

before time.11.Classes scheduled as per academic calendar of the University is to be

adhered.

SUBJECT: INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE & GAS TURBINE

SUBJECT CODE: ME-307-F

FACULTY NAME: LOVE BHARDWAJ

PREPARED BY: LOVE BHARDWAJ

CHECKED BY: B.C. KUMAR (H.O.D.M.E.)

SUBMITTED FOR DIRECTOR SIR APPROVAL

MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING)

LESSON PLAN FILE

Name of the Faculty: LOVE BHARDWAJ

Semester: 5th ME

Subject: INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE AND GAS TURBINE

INDEX

S.NO NOMENCLATURE Page No.

1. Syllabus as per MDU 3

2. Focal Points 4

3. Course objective 5

4. Lesson Plan 6-10

5. Important Questions 11

6. Assignments 12-20

7. Question papers & MCQs 21-25

8. Notes 26-41

9. Attendance Sheet 42

10. Monthly Report 43

11. Student Feedback Report 44

(5th Semester of MECH (IC ENGINE) syllabus as per MDU) ME- 307F INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES & GAS TURBINES Section AAir Standard Cycles: Internal and external combustion engines; classification of I.C. Engines, Cycles of operation in four stroke and two stroke I.C. Engines, Wankel Engines, Assumptions made in air Standard cycle; Otto cycle; diesel cycle, dual combustion cycle, comparison of Otto, diesel and dual combustion cycles; sterling and Ericsson cycles; air standard efficiency, specific work output, specific weight; work ratio; mean effective pressure; deviation of actual engine cycle from ideal cycle. Problems. Carburetion, fuel Injection and Ignition systems: Mixture requirements for various operating conditions in S.I.Engines; elementary carburetor, Requirements of a diesel injection system; types of inject systems; petrol injection, Requirements of ignition system; types of ignition systems ignition timing; spark plugs. Problems. Section BCombustion in I.C. Engines : S.I. engines; Ignition limits; stages of combustion in S.I. Engines; Ignition lag; velocity of flame propagation; detonation; effects of engine variables on detonation; theories of detonation; octane rating of fuels; pre-ignition; S.I. engine combustion chambers, Stages of combustion in C.I. Engines; delay period; variables affecting delay period; knock in C.I. engines, Cetane rating; C.I. engine combustion chambers. Lubrication and Cooling Systems: Functions of a lubricating system, Types of lubrication system; mist, wet sump and dry sump systems; properties of lubricating oil; SAE rating of lubricants, engine performance and lubrication, Necessity of engine cooling; disadvantages of overcooling; cooling systems; air-cooling, water cooling; radiators. Section CEngine Testing and Performance: Performance parameters: BHP, IHP, mechanical efficiency, brake mean effective pressure and indicative mean effective pressure, torque, volumetric efficiency; specific fuel consumption (BSFC, ISFC), thermal efficiency; heat balance; Basic engine measurements; fuel and air consumption, brake power, indicated power and friction power, heat lost to coolant and exhaust gases; performance curves. Problems Air pollution from I.C. Engine and Its remedies: Pollutants from S.I. and C.I. Engines, Methods of emission control; alternative fuels for I.C. Engines; the current scenario on the pollution front. Section DRotary Compressors: Root and vane blowers; Static and total head values; Centrifugal compressors Velocity diagrams, slip factor, ratio of compression, pressure coefficient, pre-whirl; Axial flow compressor- Degree of reaction, polytropic efficincy, surging, choking and stalling, performance characteristics, Problems. Gas Turbines: Brayton cycle; Components of a gas turbine plant; open and closed types of gas turbine plants; Optimum pressure ratio; Improvements of the basic gas turbine cycle; multi stage compression with inter-cooling; multi stage expansion with reheating between stages; exhaust gas heat exchanger, Applications of gas turbines. Problems.

MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTECOLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE & GAS TURBINE

B.E. 5th SEMESTER (Mechanical Engineering)Course Lecturer-Mr. Love Bhardwaj

COURSE OBJECTIVE-

In the subject the fundamentals of how the design and operation of internal combustion engines affect their performance, operation, fuel requirements, and environmental impact. Topics include fluid flow, thermodynamics, combustion, heat transfer and friction phenomena, and fuel properties, with reference to engine power, efficiency, and emissions. Students examine the design features and operating characteristics of different types of internal combustion engines: spark-ignition, diesel, stratified-charge, and mixed-cycle engines. Class includes lab project in the Engine Laboratory.METHODOLOGY-

i. The pedagogy will be lectures and assignments. ii. Audio – Visual aids will be used during the course.iii. Surprise tests and Quiziv. Industrial visits and seminars

EVALUATION-Besides the semester end – examination, the students will be continuously assessed during the course on the following basis:

i. Mid Term Examinations : 20 Marksii. Internal Assessment : 30 Marks

(Assignments : 15 Marks) (Attendance : 15 Marks)

iii. End Semester Examination : 100 Marks

Total : 150 Marks

Internal Combustion Engines & Gas TurbinesCode: ME-307-F

TEACHING PLAN5th Semester (Mechanical Engg.) Session 2013-14

Detailed Course Outline References No. of Session

s

Dates of lectures

Section A

Air Standard Cycles:

Internal and external combustion engines; classification of I.C. Engines, Cyclesof operation in four stroke and two stroke I.C. Engines, Wankel Engines, Assumptions made in airstandard cycle; Otto cycle; diesel cycle, dual combustion cycle, comparison of Otto, diesel and dualcombustion cycles; sterling and Ericsson cycles; air standard efficiency, specific work output, specificweight; work ratio; mean effective pressure; deviation of actual engine cycle from ideal cycle.ProblemsAccessories:

Carburetion, fuel Injection and Ignition systems: Mixture requirements for various operating conditionsin S.I.Engines; elementary carburetor, Requirements of a diesel injection system; types of injectsystems; petrol injection, Requirements of ignition system; types of ignition systems ignition timing;spark plugs. Problems.

Text Books:

1. Internal Combustion Engines –V. Ganesan, Pub.-Tata McGraw-Hill.2.Gas Turbines - V. Ganesan, Pub.- Tata McGraw Hill.3. Engineering fundamental of the I.C.Engine – Willard W. Pulkrabek Pub.-PHI,India

Reference Books:1. Internal Combustion Engines & Air pollution- Obert E.F, Pub.-Hopper & Row Pub., New York2.Internal Combustion Engines Fundamentals- John B. Heywood, Pub.-McGraw Hill,

15

17/8/2013-5/9/2013

New York

Section B

Combustion in I.C. Engines:

S.I. engines; Ignition limits; stages of combustion in S.I. Engines; Ignitionlag; velocity of flame propagation; detonation; effects of engine variables on detonation; theories ofdetonation; octane rating of fuels; pre-ignition; S.I. engine combustion chambers, Stages ofcombustion in C.I. Engines; delay period; variables affecting delay period; knock in C.I. engines,Cetane rating; C.I. engine combustion chambers

Lubrication & Cooling

System:

Functions of a lubricating system, Types of lubrication system; mist,wet sump and dry sump systems; properties of lubricating oil; SAE rating of lubricants, engineperformance and lubrication, Necessity of engine cooling; disadvantages of overcooling; coolingsystems; air-cooling, water cooling; radiators

Text Books:


13

6/9/2013-24/9/2013

Section C

Engine Testing & Performance:Performance parameters: BHP, IHP, mechanical efficiency, brakemean effective pressure and

Text Books:

1. Internal Combustion

1/10/2013-12/10/2013

indicative mean effective pressure, torque, volumetric efficiency; specificfuel consumption (BSFC, ISFC), thermal efficiency; heat balance; Basic engine measurements; fueland air consumption, brake power, indicated power and friction power, heat lost to coolant andexhaust gases; performance curves. Problems

Air pollution from I.C. Engine and its remedies:Pollutants from S.I. and C.I. Engines, Methods ofemission control; alternative fuels for I.C. Engines; the current scenario on the pollution front

Engines –V. Ganesan, Pub.-Tata McGraw-Hill.2.Gas Turbines - V. Ganesan, Pub.- Tata McGraw Hill.3. Engineering fundamental of the I.C.Engine – Willard W. Pulkrabek Pub.-PHI,India

10

Section D

Rotary Compressors:Root and vane blowers; Static and total head values; Centrifugal compressors-Velocity diagrams, slip factor, ratio of compression, pressure coefficient, pre-whirl; Axial flowcompressor- Degree of reaction, polytropicefficincy, surging, choking and stalling, performancecharacteristics, Problems.

Gas Turbines:Brayton cycle; Components of a gas turbine plant; open and closed types of gasturbine plants; Optimum pressure ratio; Improvements of the basic gas turbine cycle; multi stagecompression with inter-cooling; multi stage expansion with reheating between stages; exhaust gasheat exchanger, Applications of gas turbines.

Text Books:


9

15/10/2013-26/10/2013

ADD ON

1. RAMJET- It is the Air-Breathing system used in many air crafts.We will study the different parts of SU-Engine kept in workshop.

2. HELICOPTER ENGINE- It is also a air breathing engine which provide upward thrust to helicopter and we will analyse it’s parts kept in workhop.

2

29/10/2013-30/10/2013

TOTAL HOURS:49

MANAGEMENT EDUCATION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE & GAS TURBINE ME-307-F

B.TECH MECH. 5TH SEMESTER

IMPORTANT TOPICS OF (INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE & GAS TURBINE)

SECTION-A SECTION-B SECTION-C SECTION-D1. What are IC & EC engines?

2. Difference b/w 2 stroke and 4 strokes.

3. Different cycles.

4. Idling, cruising, high power

5. Types of Injection system

6. Battery-coil ignition system

1. Variables affecting the delay period

2. Phenomenon of knocking in CI engine and compare it with SI engine knock

3. Factors tending to reduce detonation and knocking in SI and CI engine

4. Cetane and octane number

5. Explain the 2 types of cooling system

6.Different methods to cool engine

1. Engine efficiencies

2. What is horse power

3. Morse test and Motoring method

4. Hybrid vehicles & major components of Hybrid engines

5. Automobile companies manufacture hybrid vehicles

1. Surging

2. Choking and polytrophic efficiency

3. Slip factor and derive an expression for same

4. Advantage and disadvantages of gas turbine

5. Classify the gas turbine cycle

6. Difference between gas turbine and steam turbine.

Course Lecturer- MR. LOVE BHARDWAJ

ASSIGNTMENT-1

Subject: IC Engine & Gas Turbine

Branch: Mechanical

Subject Code: ME-307-F Semester: 5th

Proposed Date of Allotment:-23/08/2013

Date of Submission:-27/08/2013

Date of Discussion:-30/08/2013

Q1-What is IC & EC engines and give each example.

Q2-Difference b/w 2 stroke and 4 stroke.

Q3-Why 2 stroke are not in use now days?

Q4- Explain Sterling cyle?

Q5 -Explain Ericsson cycle?

Q6- Derive dual comustion cycle?

Q7-For an engine working on the ideal Dual cycle,the compression ratio is 10 and the

maximum pressure is limited to 70bar.If the heat suppplied is 1680kj/kg,find the pressure

and temperatures at the various salient points of the cycle and the cycle efficency.The

pressure and temprature of air at the commencement of compression are 1bar and 100C

respectively. Assume Cp=1.004kj/kgk and Cv=0.717kj/kgk for air.

ASSIGNTMENT-2


Branch: Mechanical





Q1-What are the 3types of air-fuel mixture and explain them.

Q2-Explain idling,cruising,high power.

Q3-State the essential requirements of a spark ignition.

Q4-What are the types of Injection system.

Q5-Give short note of one of the injection system.

Q6-Explain the Battery-coil ignition system.

Q7-Explain hot-cold plug with the help of neat sketch

ASSIGNTMENT-3


Branch: Mechanical





Q1-What is delay period?

Q2-Explain the variables affecting the delay period?

Q3-Name various theories of detonation. Explain pre-ignition.

Q4-Explain the phenomenon of knocking in CI engine and compare it with SI engine knock.

Q5-Explain the comustion stages in CI engine.

Q6-Defines the factors tending to reduce detonation and knocking in SI and CI engine

.Q7-Difference between cetane and octane number.

ASSIGNTMENT-4


Branch: Mechanical



Date of Submission:- 17/09/2013

Date of Discussion:- 20/09/2013

Q1-What is the necessity of engine cooling?

Q2-Compare air cooling with water cooling system.

Q3-What is the Evaporative cooling system?

Q4-How the Evaporative cooling system is different from Pressure cooling system?

Q5-Explain the 2 types of cooling system.

Q6-What are radiators.

Q7-How the engine is cooled,define different methods

ASSIGNTMENT-5


Branch: Mechanical


Proposed Date of Allotment:- 20/09/2013



Q1-What are the engine efficiencies?

Q2-A 4 cyclinder petrol engine operates on the 4-stroke cycle, the bore of each cylinder is 70mm and the stroke 100mm. The clearance volume per cylinder is . At a speed of 400rpm, the fuel consumption is 20kg/h and the torque developed is 150Nm.

Calculate –

(i)The brake power

(ii)The brake mean effective pressure.

(iii)The brake thermal efficiency,if calorific value of the fuel is Kj/Kg

(iv)The relative efficiency on a brake power basis assuming the engine works on constant volume cycle.

Q3-A single cylinder 4 stroke oil engine works on diesel cycles. The following readigs correspond to full load condition.

(i)Area of indicator diagram

(ii)Length of the diagram

(iii)Spring constant

(iv)Speed of the engine

(v)Load on the brake

(vi)Spring reading

(vii)Diameter of the brake drum

(viii)Fuel consumption

(ix)Calorific value of the fuel

(x)Diameter of the cylinder

(xi)Stroke of the piston

Find the following

(a)Friction power

(b)Mechanical efficiency

(c)Brake thermal efficiency

(d)Brake mean effective pressure.

Q4-A 4 cylinder engine running at 1200rpm deliers 20KW.The average torque when one cylinder was cut is 110nm. Find the indicated thermal efficiency if the calorific value of the fuel is 43MJ/Kg and the engine uses 360grams of gasoline per KWH.

Q5- What is horse power and define 8HP.

Q6- Give a short note on Morse test and Motoring method.

Q7-Define Brake specific fuel consumption and state its importance. ASSIGNTMENT-6


Branch: Mechanical





Q1-What are the major constituents which contributes to air pollution in SI engines?

Q2-What are the difficulties experienced in using hydrogen as fuel for SI engines?

Q3-What modifications are required to carrried out in the enigne while using H2 as fuel?

Q4-What are Hybrid vehicles.

Q5-What are the major components of Hybrid engines

Q6-How CNG vehicles works on Hybrid engine?

Q7-Which automobile companies manufacture hybrid vehicles?

ASSIGNTMENT-7


Branch: Mechanical





Q1-Explain the degree of reaction.

Q2-What is surging?

Q3-What is choking and polytropic efficiency?

Q4-Explian various types of rotary compressor with diagram.

Q5-Define slip factor and derive an expression for same.

Q6-What are positive displacement type of Rotary compressors?

Q7-Explain power input factor

ASSIGNTMENT-8


Branch: Mechanical





Q1-List the advantage and disadvantages of gas turbine?

Q2-How gas turbine works?

Q3-What are the application of gas turbine?

Q4-Classify the gas turbine cycle?

Q5-Difference between gas turbine and steam turbine?

Q6-A closed cycle gas turbine consists of a 2 stage compressor and a 2 stage turbine. All the components are mounted on the same shaft the pressure and temperaure at the inlet of the 1st stage compressor are 2 bar and 25c. The maximum cycle temperature and pressure are limited to 850C and 8bar. A perfect inter-cooler is used between the 2 compressors and a reheater is used between the 2 turbines. Gases are heated in the reheater to 850C before entering into the LP turbine.Assuming the compressor and turbine efficiencies as 0.83,Find-(i)Cycle efficiency without regenerator.(ii)With regenrator whos effectiveness is 0.65(iii)If the IP developed by the plant is 310KW.Find the mass of fluid circulated.Air is used in the working fluid.

Q7-List the advantage and disadvantages of gas turbine over diesel or petrol engines.

B. E. Fifth Semester Examination, May 2006 I.C. Engine (ME-307)

NOTE: Attempt only 5 questions, take at least 2 questions from each part. [PART-I]

Q.1. Derive an expression for the air standard efficiency on a volume basis of engines working on Otto, Diesel and limited pressure cycle. Also compare the above cycles, for the same compression ratio and heat input.Q.2. Describe the combustion phenomenon in S.I. Engines, and discuss the effect of fuel air ration, compression ratio, Engine load, engine speed and turbulence on flame propagation.Q.3. Attempt the following-(a)Compare ‘air swirf’ in C.I. Engines with ‘turbulence’ in S.I. Engines.(b)Write short note on the A/F ratio requirement of S.I. Engines from no load to full load.Q.4. Attempt the following-(a)Describe different types of injection nozzles and discuss their relative advantages and disadvantages.(b)Write short note on compressed natural gas (CNG) as an I.C. Engine fuel.

[PART-II]

Q.5. How the post timing diagram of 2-stroke cycle engine is different than that of 4-stroke cycle engine. Explain scavenging process in two stroke engine.Q.6. Describe a battery ignition system, with the help of a neat sketch, used in automobiles.Q.7.What is evaporative cooling? How does the temperature vary within the cylinder, during cycle? Why overcooling is harmful in an engine?Q.8.The following readings were obtained from a test on a single cylinder oil engine working on the four stroke cycle. Area of indicator diagram=4.1 cm^2, length of indicator diagram=6.25cm, indicator spring rating=0.9mm, cylinder bore and stroke=105mm & 150mm, respectively, mean diameter of brake wheel=0.6m, brake load=18kg, spring balance reading=3kg, engine speed=480rpm. Calculate: (a)brake power, (b)indicated power, and (c)mechanical efficiency.

subject internal combustion engine semester 5th trade mechanical year 3rd

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