studies on mechanical behaviour of newly developing bearing alloy

7/28/2019 STUDIES ON MECHANICAL BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING BEARING ALLOY

1/19

STUDIES ON MECHANICAL

BEHAVIOUR OF NEWLY DEVELOPING

BEARING ALLOY

Guided by

Prof. T Ramesh kumarAssoc. prof / Mech. Engg.

Presented by

K Karthikeyan

114CC103M.E. CAD/CAM


2/19

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this project work is to study of newly

developing alloy based upon its Mechanical properties such

as in the different tests are Hardness, Tensile properties,

Impact strength, Fatigue and corrosion properties.


3/19

PURPOSE OF PROJECT WORK

The purpose of this project work to improve the Mechanical

properties in the existing bearing alloy.

This may replace existing bearing alloy.


4/19

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Elasticity Plasticity

Ductility

Brittleness

Hardness

Tensile strength

Compressive strength

Impact

Fatigue Creep strength

Wear resistance

Corrosion resistance


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GENERAL PROPERTIES OF BEARING ALLOY

HARDNESS - Resistance of a material to deformation,

indentation, or penetration by means such as abrasion, drilling,impact, scratching, and wear.

TENSILE - Is the maximum stress that a material can withstand

while being stretched or pulled before necking.

IMPACT - A high force or shock applied over a short timeperiod when two or more bodies collide.

FATIGUE - Structural damage that occurs when a material is

subjected to cyclic loading.

WEAR - The removal and deformation of material on a surfaceas a result of mechanical action of the opposite surface.

CORROSION - Gradual destruction of material, by chemical

reaction with its environment.


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DIFFERENT TYPES OF TESTING

Hardness test

Tensile test

Compressive test

Impact test

Fatigue test

Corrosion test


7/19

PURPOSE OF TESTING

Often materials are subject to forces (loads).

Calculate those forces and how materials deform or break

as a function of applied load, time, temperature, and other

conditions.

Also learn about these mechanical properties by using

different test. Results from the tests depend on the size andshape of material to be tested (specimen), how it is held, and

the way of performing the test.


8/19

HARDNESS TEST

Scratch Hardness

Resistance to fracture or plastic

(permanent) deformation due to

friction from a sharp object

Indentation hardness

Forcing a hard material like indenter,

against a flat surface of the metal,whose hardness is to measured, under a

fixed load

1. Brinell hardness test

2. Rock well hardness test

3. Vickers hardness test


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9

HARDNESS TESTING TECHNIQUES


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TENSILE TEST

It measures the force required topull something such as rope,wire, or a structural beam to thepoint where it breaks.

Properties:

Stress- strain curve

Tensile strength

Yield strength

Percentage elongation

Youngs modulus

Resilience

toughness


11/19

Stress-Strain Diagram

Strain ( )(DL/Lo)

41

2

3

5

Elastic

Region

Plastic

Region

Strain

Hardening Fracture

ultimatetensile

strength

Elastic region

slope =Youngs (elastic) modulus

yield strength

Plastic region

ultimate tensile strength

strain hardening

fracture

necking

yieldstrength

UTS

y

E

E

12

y

E


12/19

IMPACT TEST

Charpy impact:A pendulum-type

single-blow impact test in whichthe specimen usually notched, issupported at both ends as a simplebeam and broken by a fallingpendulum.

I zode impact:A test specimen,

usually of square crossed section

is notched and held between a

pair of jaws, to be broken by a

swinging or falling weight.


13/19

FATIGUE TEST

The effect on metal of repeatedcycles of stress.

Fractures usually start from

small nicks or scratches orfillets which cause a localized

concentration of stress.

Properties: Fatigue strength

Fatigue life

Fatigue limit


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Two Types of Fatigue

High cycle

Low cycle


15/19

S-n curve


16/19

CORROSION TEST

Electrochemical oxidation of

metals in reaction with an

oxidant such as oxygen.

Rusting, the formation of iron

oxides.


17/19

REFERENCES

Kwai S. Chan, Southwest Research Institute, Roles of microstructure in fatigue

crack initiation.

Joel Payne a, Greg Welsh a, Robert J. Christ Jr. b, Jerrell Nardiello , John M.

Papazian, Northrop Grumman Integrated Systems, Bethpage, Observations of fatigue

crack initiation in 7075-T651.

Aiguo Zhao, Jijia Xie, Chengqi Sun, Zhengqiang Lei, Youshi Hong, State Key

Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, Institute of Mechanics, Effects of strength level

and loading frequency on very-high-cycle fatigue behavior for a bearing steel.

M.C. Mwanza , M.R. Joyce , K.K. Lee , S. Syngellakis , P.A.S. Reed, Materials

Research Group, School of Engineering Sciences, University of Southampton,

Microstructural characterisation of fatigue crack initiation in Al-based plain bearing

alloys.


18/19

Contd..

K. Sadananda , S. Sarkar , D. Kujawski , A.K. Vasudevan ,A

Technical Data Analysis, VA, United States, A two-parameter

analysis of SN fatigue life using and max

Q.Y. Wang , N. Kawagoishi , Q. Chen, A Department of

Engineering Mechanics, Sichuan University, Fatigue and fracture

behaviour of structural Al-alloys up to very long life regimes.

Ali Merati *, Graeme Eastaugh, National Research Council

Canada, Institute for Aerospace Research, Montreal Road, M-13,

Ottawa, Canada ON K1A 0R6, Determination of fatigue related

discontinuity state of 7000 series of aerospace aluminum alloys.


19/19

Contd..

R. Sadeler , Y. Totik, M. Gavgal, I. Kaymaz, Department of

Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ataturk

University, Improvements of fatigue behaviour in 2014 Al alloy by

solution heat treating and age hardening.

Akira Ueno, Susumu Miyakawa, Koji Yamada, and Tomoyuki

Sugiyama, A College of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan

Univ., Fatigue behavior of die casting aluminum alloys in air and

vacuum.

A. Tauqir, I. Salam, A. ul Haq, A.Q. Khan, Metallurgy Division,

Dr A.Q. Khan Research Laboratories, Causes of fatigue failure in

the main bearing of an aeroengine

studies on mechanical behaviour of newly developing bearing alloy

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