student workbook p. 181 my uncle thought a desk … › pdf › samples › school ›...

START LESSON 2

776 Level 8 Teacher’s Manual

Chapter 25

In Lesson 2Grammar:

Review verbal phrases.

Classify verbal sentences.

Skills:Introduce new vocabularyand assign Card 42.

Assign Enrichment.

Introduce misplaced anddangling modifiers.

Give Classroom Practice 75.

Writing:Assign Journal 46.

Ancillary items available:

Student Workbook p. 181

Teacher’s Key p. 110

TEACHER INSTRUCTIONS

Lesson 2 begins on student page 602.

LISTENING AND SPEAKING:

Learn It:Recite the new vocabulary information.

ENRICHMENT:Choose one of the examples under Etymology and look up the other word part(s)for that example. Evaluate how the meanings of the different word parts combineto make a logical definition for the example you have chosen. Compare yourfindings with others.

VocabularyReference 235

Word: tedious (ˈtē-dē-əs, ˈtē-jəs)Definition: boring due to extreme length or slownessSynonym: tiresome Antonym: interestingSentence: My uncle thought a desk job would be too tedious and

decided to work in construction.

Analogy: bandage : protection :: fence : enclosure Type or kind relationship: Just as a bandage is a type of protection,

a fence is a type of enclosure.Etymology:

MAKE CARD 42:1. Write your own sentence, using the new vocabulary word.

2. Write your own analogy, using the same relationship as the analogy above.

3. Write another example of the word part and give the definition.

Word Part Source Word-PartMeaning Examples Definitions

Prefix:anthrop

[Greek] man anthropology

philanthropyanthropoid

the study of manas a speciesdesire to benefit manlike a man

TMChap25-L8.qxp 5/30/08 12:45 AM Page 776

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Lesson 2

777Teacher’s Manual Level 8

Chapter 25

Review It:1. Participle: Is there an adjective that ends in -ed, -en, -t, or -ing and that is

made from a verb?Participial Phrase: Is the participle followed by a prepositional phrase or an object that relates to the participle?

2. Gerund: Is there a noun that ends in -ing and that is made from a verb?Gerund Phrase: Is the gerund followed by a prepositional phrase or an object that relates to the gerund?

3. Infinitive: Is there a to with a verb after it?Infinitive Phrase: Is the infinitive followed by a prepositional phrase or an object that relates to the infinitive?

Apply It:Use the Question and Answer Flow to classify the Verbal Sentences orally withyour teacher.

Chapter 25: Lesson 2Verbal Sentences

1. The student writing on the board is Melissa.

2. Riding motorcycles is my hobby.

3. He still needs to complete an application.

1. Who is Melissa? student - SN2. What is being said about student? student is - V3. Student is who? Melissa - verify the noun4. Does Melissa mean the same thing as student? Yes. 5. Melissa - PrN6. Is – LV7. Which student? (the one) writing on the board - Adj8. The - A9. Verbal check:

For a participle: Is there an adjective that ends in -ed, -en, -t, or -ingand that is made from a verb? Yes. Writing - participle, adjectiveIs the participle followed by a prepositional phrase or an object? Yes. Prepositional phrase - on the boardParticipial phrase – writing on the boardFor a gerund: Is there a noun that ends in -ing and that is made froma verb? No.For an infinitive: Is there a to with a verb after it? No.

Continued on next page. >>>

A SN PAdjVerbal Sentence 1: The student writing on the board

LV PrNis Melissa.


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Lesson 2


Chapter 25

1. What is my hobby? Riding motorcycles - SN2. What is being said about riding motorcycles? riding motorcycles is - V3. Riding motorcycles is what? hobby - verify the noun4. Does hobby mean the same thing as riding motorcycles? Yes.5. Hobby - PrN 6. Is – LV7. Whose hobby? my - PPA8. Verbal check:

For a participle: Is there an adjective that ends in -ed, -en, -t, or -ingand that is made from a verb? No.For a gerund: Is there a noun that ends in -ing and that is made froma verb? Yes. Riding - gerund, subject nounIs the gerund followed by a prepositional phrase or an object? Yes. Object - motorcycles. Gerund phrase – riding motorcyclesFor an infinitive: Is there a to with a verb after it? No.

Verbal Sentences continued from previous page.

1. Who still needs to complete an application? he - SP2. What is being said about he? he needs - V3. He needs what? to complete an application - verify the noun4. Does to complete an application mean the same thing as he? No.5. To complete an application - DO6. Needs – V-t7. Needs how? still - Adv8. Verbal check:

For a participle: Is there an adjective that ends in -ed, -en, -t, or -ingand that is made from a verb? No.For a gerund: Is there a noun that ends in -ing and that is made froma verb? No.For an infinitive: Is there a to with a verb after it? Yes. To complete - infinitive, direct objectIs the infinitive followed by a prepositional phrase or an object? Yes. Object - application. Infinitive phrase - to complete an application

Learn It: MISPLACED AND DANGLING MODIFIERS

A modifier is a phrase or word meant to describe or explain part of a sentence.To avoid unclear meanings, modifiers must be placed as close as possible to theword(s) they modify.

GSN LV PPA PrNVerbal Sentence 2: Riding motorcycles is my hobby.

SP Adv V−t IDOVerbal Sentence 3: He still needs to complete an application.


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Lesson 2

779Teacher’s Manual Level 8

Chapter 25

Misplaced and Dangling ModifiersReference 236

It is time to practice the skills you are learning. You will use theclassroom practice to apply these skills.

Classroom Practice 75

TEACHER INSTRUCTIONS

Have students look at Classroom Practice 75. Go over the directions. Check and discuss the practice together after students have finished. (Key 75 is located at the end of this lesson.)

Note: Any classroom practice can be done together as a “whole group” activity.Until students master the new skills, help them correct some of themistakes as a class activity or allow them to work the new sections insmall groups.

ELL and/orbelow-level students:

1. Help students work partof each exercise as aclass activity or allowthem to work insmall groups.

2. Use the modifiedClassroom Practice 75 onthe Resource CD.

3. Use one of the suggestedmodifications on pages982–987 in yourTeacher’s Manual.

JOURNAL WRITINGWrite an entry in your journal. Use Reference 1 on page 1for ideas.

46

MISPLACED MODIFIERSThe word misplace means to put in the wrong place. A misplacedmodifier is a word or phrase that is not correctly placed in a sentence.Sentences with misplaced modifiers often sound awkward, confusing,illogical, or unintentionally funny. To correct a misplaced modifier, move it next to or close to the word it modifies.

Confusing: Boys searched for crawdads wading in the creek.(Are the crawdads wading in the creek?)

Improved: Boys wading in the creek searched for crawdads.(Boys are wading in the creek.)

DANGLING MODIFIERSModifiers must modify words that are named in the sentence. A danglingmodifier is a phrase that attempts to modify a word that has been left out.Dangling modifiers are usually verbal phrases that occur at the beginning of sentences, but they can also appear at the end. The meaning of thesentence is left dangling. The result is an illogical sentence that has adifferent meaning from what is intended because a word or words areomitted. To correct a dangling modifier, rewrite the sentence to includethe missing word(s) being modified.

Confusing: Sitting on my deck, the stars seemed near.(Are the stars sitting on my deck?)

Improved: Sitting on my deck, I thought the stars seemed near.(I am sitting on my deck.)

Improved: As I was sitting on my deck, the stars seemed near.(I am sitting on my deck.)

REVIEWDangling modifiers need something to modify; misplaced modifiers needto be moved close to what they modify.


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Classroom Practice 75

DANGLING AND MISPLACED MODIFIERS (7 points)

Name:______________________________________________________________________________________ Date:________________________

Exercise 1: At the end of each sentence, write C if the sentence is correct, write MM if the sentence contains amisplaced modifier, and write DM if the sentence contains a dangling modifier.

1. The nurse’s aide gave a bath to the man with the wet sponge. ______

2. The woman told me about her dead husband in the tanning salon. ______

3. With trepidation, we watched the fire fighters enter the burning building. ______

4. The sanitation engineer wearing the neon orange vest hoisted the can into the truck. ______

5. Walking down the street, the wind blew fiercely. ______

Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentence, correcting the misplaced modifier.

A man was talking to the dog in the back seat parking his Mercedes.

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentence, correcting the dangling modifier.

While watching the floats, the Pirates of the Caribbean began to deflate.

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 4: Underline the verbal phrase in each sentence. In the blank at the end of each sentence, write P for aParticipial Phrase, G for a Gerund Phrase, or I for an Infinitive Phrase.

VERBAL PHRASES (28 points)

Exercise 5: Underline the verbal phrases and identify each one with an abbreviation and function.Participial phrase: PAdj. Gerund phrase: GSN, GDO, GOP, GPrN, or GOCN.Infinitive phrase: IAdj, IAdv, ISN, IDO, or IPrN.

I

G

G

P

1. My daughter likes to ride her horse. ______

2. Sally prefers playing her banjo. ______

3. He enjoys competing in tournaments. ______

4. She joked with the waiter taking our order. ______

5. I paid the two men laying the sod. ______

6. Shanna wants to cut my hair. ______

7. Solving cryptograms helps me fall asleep. ______

8. Okra fried in batter is my favorite Southern dish. ______

P

I

G

P

A man parking his Mercedes was talking to the dog in the back seat. or

Parking his Mercedes, the man was talking to the dog in the back seat.

MMMM

CC

DM

PAdj1. I telephoned the people catering the reception.

ISN2. To accomplish our goals is important.

IDO3. On Sundays, we like to gather at Grandma’s.

GSN4. Walking in a spring shower can be fun.

PAdj5. The animals howling in the woods are coyotes.

GDO6. On windy nights, we enjoy telling ghost stories.

While I was watching the floats, the Pirates of the Caribbean began to deflate. or

While watching the floats, I saw the Pirates of the Caribbean begin to deflate.

Lesson 2


Chapter 25

End ofLesson 2

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student workbook p. 181 my uncle thought a desk … › pdf › samples › school ›...

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