structure of the - air force magazine...between march 9, 1942, and sept. 18, 1947, the army air...

AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200042

Structure of theForce

USAFAlmanac■ The Air Force in Facts and Figures

How the Air Force Is Organized

There is considerable variation in how themajor commands and subordinate units ofthe Air Force are organized. This overviewdescribes the typical organization chain.

The Department of Defense (DoD) is aCabinet agency headed by the Secretary ofDefense. It was created in 1947 to consoli-date pre-existing military agencies—the WarDepartment and the Navy Department. Sub-ordinate to DoD are the three military de-partments (Army, Navy, and Air Force),each headed by a civilian secretary.

The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) consti-tute the corporate military leadership ofDoD. The chairman and vice chairman ofthe JCS serve full-time in their positions.The service chiefs are the military heads

of their respective services, although JCSresponsibilities take precedence.

The Department of the Air Force isheaded by the Secretary of the Air Force,who is supported by a staff called theSecretariat. The Chief of Staff, USAF,heads the Air Staff, and the military headsof the major commands report to the Chiefof Staff.

Most units of the Air Force are assignedto one of the major commands. Majorcommands are headed by general officersand have broad functional responsibili-ties. Commands may be divided into num-bered air forces.

The fundamental unit of the workingAir Force is the wing. The typical air force

base is built around a wing. Until recently,most wings were headed by colonels butnow are usually under the command of ageneral officer. An objective wing typi-cally contains an operations group, whichincludes aircrews, intelligence units, andothers; a logistics group, which can in-clude maintenance and supply squadrons;a support group, which can include suchfunctions as security forces and civil en-gineers; and a medical group.

Most individual officers and airmen areassigned to a squadron, which may becomposed of several flights.

In addition to these, there are numer-ous others, including centers, field oper-ating agencies, and direct reporting units.

These F-15s, F-15Es, F-16s, a B-1B,and a KC-135 were part of a compos-

ite 366th Wing from Mountain HomeAFB, Idaho, that was a forebear of

the Air Force’s ExpeditionaryAerospace Force concept.

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AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2000 43

The title General of the Army for Henry H. Arnold was changed to General of the Air Force by an Act of Congress May 7, 1949. The position of Chief of Staff wasestablished by a DoD–approved Army–Air Force Transfer Order issued Sept. 28, 1947.aThe Army Air Corps became a subordinate element of the Army Air Forces June 20, 1941. Since the Army Air Corps had been established by statute in 1926, itsdisestablishment required an act of Congress, which did not take place until 1947. Between March 9, 1942, and Sept. 18, 1947, the Army Air Corps continued toexist as a combatant arm, and personnel of the Army Air Forces were still assigned to the Army Air Corps.

Designation

Aeronautical Division, US Signal CorpsAug. 1, 1907–July 18, 1914

Aviation Section, US Signal CorpsJuly 18, 1914–May 20, 1918

Division of Military Aeronautics,Secretary of WarMay 20, 1918–May 24, 1918

Army Air ServiceMay 24, 1918–July 2, 1926

Army Air CorpsJuly 2, 1926–Sept. 18, 1947a

Army Air ForcesJune 20, 1941–Sept. 18, 1947

United States Air ForceSept. 18, 1947

Commander (at highest rank)

Chief, Aeronautical DivisionCapt. Charles deForest ChandlerCapt. Arthur S. CowanCapt. Charles deForest ChandlerMaj. Samuel Reber

Chief, Aviation SectionLt. Col. Samuel ReberLt. Col. George O. SquierLt. Col. John B. Bennet

Director of Military AeronauticsMaj. Gen. William L. Kenly(Kept same title three months intoabsorption by Air Service)

Director of Air ServiceJohn D. RyanMaj. Gen. Charles T. Menoher

Chief of Air ServiceMaj. Gen. Charles T. MenoherMaj. Gen. Mason M. Patrick

Chief of Air CorpsMaj. Gen. Mason M. PatrickMaj. Gen. James E. FechetMaj. Gen. Benjamin D. FouloisMaj. Gen. Oscar WestoverMaj. Gen. Henry H. Arnold

Chief, Army Air ForcesLt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold

Commanding General, AAFGen. of the Army Henry H. ArnoldGen. Carl A. Spaatz

Chief of Staff, USAFGen. Carl A. Spaatz

Dates of Service

Aug. 1, 1907–June 30, 1910July 1, 1910–June 19, 1911June 20, 1911–Sept. 9, 1913Sept. 10, 1913–July 17, 1914

July 18, 1914–May 5, 1916May 20, 1916–Feb. 19, 1917Feb. 19, 1917–May 20, 1918

May 20, 1918–August 1918

Aug. 28, 1918–Nov. 27, 1918Jan. 2, 1919–June 4, 1920

June 4, 1920–Oct. 4, 1921Oct. 5, 1921–July 2, 1926

July 2, 1926–Dec. 13, 1927Dec. 14, 1927–Dec. 19, 1931Dec. 20, 1931–Dec. 21, 1935Dec. 22, 1935–Sept. 21, 1938Sept. 29, 1938–June 20, 1941

June 20, 1941–March 9, 1942

March 9, 1942–Feb. 9, 1946Feb. 9, 1946–Sept. 26, 1947

Sept. 26, 1947–April 29, 1948

The Nation’s Air Arm and Its Early Leaders

At Ft. Myer, Va., in 1909, aviationpioneers and future leaders of the

nation’s air arm lined up for thisgroup photo. They are (l–r) Lt. FrankP. Lahm who joined Orville Wright in

the first test of the Army’s firstairplane that year; Lt. George C.

Sweet, the first Navy officer to fly asa passenger in the Wright Military

Flyer; Maj. Charles McK. Saltzman,who became the Army’s chief signalofficer; Maj. George O. Squier, who

would head the Signal Corps’Aviation Section; Capt. Charles deF.

Chandler, who became Chief of theSignal Corps’ Aeronautical Division;

Lt. Benjamin D. Foulois, who went onto become Chief of the Air Corps;

and 2nd Lt. Frederick E. Humphreys,who that year was the first Army

pilot to solo in the Wright MilitaryFlyer.


USAFLeaders Through the Years

USAF Chiefs of Staff

Gen. Carl A. SpaatzGen. Hoyt S. VandenbergGen. Nathan F. TwiningGen. Thomas D. WhiteGen. Curtis E. LeMayGen. John P. McConnellGen. John D. RyanGen. George S. BrownGen. David C. JonesGen. Lew Allen Jr.Gen. Charles A. GabrielGen. Larry D. WelchGen. Michael J. DuganGen. John Michael Loh (acting)Gen. Merrill A. McPeakGen. Ronald R. FoglemanGen. Ralph E. Eberhart (acting)Gen. Michael E. Ryan

Sept. 26, 1947April 30, 1948June 30, 1953

July 1, 1957June 30, 1961

Feb. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1969Aug. 1, 1973July 1, 1974July 1, 1978July 1, 1982July 1, 1986July 1, 1990

Sept. 18, 1990Oct. 30, 1990Oct. 26, 1994Sept. 2, 1997Oct. 6, 1997

April 29, 1948June 29, 1953June 30, 1957June 30, 1961Jan. 31, 1965July 31, 1969July 31, 1973

June 30, 1974June 20, 1978June 30, 1982June 30, 1986June 30, 1990Sept. 17, 1990

Oct. 29, 1990Oct. 25, 1994Sept. 1, 1997Oct. 5, 1997

Chief Master Sergeants of the Air Force

CMSAF Paul W. AireyCMSAF Donald L. HarlowCMSAF Richard D. KislingCMSAF Thomas N. BarnesCMSAF Robert D. GaylorCMSAF James M. McCoyCMSAF Arthur L. AndrewsCMSAF Sam E. ParishCMSAF James C. BinnickerCMSAF Gary R. PfingstonCMSAF David J. CampanaleCMSAF Eric W. BenkenCMSAF Frederick J. Finch

April 3, 1967Aug. 1, 1969Oct. 1, 1971Oct. 1, 1973Aug. 1, 1977Aug. 1, 1979Aug. 1, 1981Aug. 1, 1983July 1, 1986Aug. 1, 1990

Oct. 26, 1994Nov. 5, 1996

July 30, 1999

July 31, 1969Sept. 30, 1971Sept. 30, 1973

July 31, 1977July 31, 1979July 31, 1981July 31, 1983

June 30, 1986July 31, 1990Oct. 25, 1994Nov. 4, 1996

July 30, 1999

Air Combat Command

June 1, 1992June 23, 1995Feb. 28, 1996

April 5, 1996June 11, 1999

Feb. 8, 2000

Gen. John Michael LohGen. Joseph W. RalstonLt. Gen. Brett M. Dula (acting)Gen. Richard E. HawleyGen. Ralph E. EberhartGen. John P. Jumper

June 22, 1995Feb. 27, 1996

April 4, 1996June 11, 1999

Feb. 8, 2000

Secretaries of the Air Force

Stuart SymingtonThomas K. FinletterHarold E. TalbottDonald A. QuarlesJames H. Douglas Jr.Dudley C. SharpEugene M. ZuckertHarold BrownRobert C. Seamans Jr.John L. McLucas (acting)John L. McLucasJames W. Plummer (acting)Thomas C. ReedJohn C. StetsonHans Mark (acting)Hans MarkVerne OrrRussell A. RourkeEdward C. Aldridge Jr. (acting)Edward C. Aldridge Jr.James F. McGovern (acting)John J. Welch Jr. (acting)Donald B. RiceMichael B. Donley (acting)Gen. Merrill A. McPeak (acting)Sheila E. WidnallF. Whitten Peters (acting)F. Whitten Peters

April 24, 1950Jan. 20, 1953Aug. 13, 1955April 30, 1957Dec. 10, 1959Jan. 20, 1961

Sept. 30, 1965Feb. 15, 1969May 14, 1973July 18, 1973

Nov. 23, 1975Jan. 1, 1976April 6, 1977

May 18, 1979July 26, 1979Feb. 9, 1981

Nov. 30, 1985April 7, 1986June 8, 1986

Dec. 16, 1988April 29, 1989May 21, 1989Jan. 20, 1993July 13, 1993Aug. 5, 1993

Oct. 31, 1997July 30, 1999

Sept. 18, 1947April 24, 1950

Feb. 4, 1953Aug. 15, 1955

May 1, 1957Dec. 11, 1959Jan. 24, 1961

Oct. 1, 1965Feb. 15, 1969May 15, 1973July 18, 1973Nov. 24, 1975

Jan. 2, 1976April 6, 1977

May 18, 1979July 26, 1979Feb. 9, 1981Dec. 9, 1985April 8, 1986June 9, 1986

Dec. 16, 1988April 29, 1989May 22, 1989Jan. 20, 1993July 14, 1993Aug. 6, 1993Nov. 1, 1997

July 30, 1999

USAF Vice Chiefs of Staff

April 28, 1948March 17, 1950

Oct. 9, 1950June 29, 1953June 30, 1957June 30, 1961June 30, 1962July 31, 1964Jan. 31, 1965May 31, 1966July 31, 1966July 31, 1968July 31, 1969April 30, 1972Oct. 31, 1973Aug. 18, 1975

March 31, 1978June 30, 1978Feb. 29, 1980May 31, 1982

Oct. 5, 1983July 31, 1984July 31, 1985Jan. 31, 1987May 24, 1990

March 25, 1991July 28, 1994July 11, 1997May 26, 1999April 17, 2000

Oct. 10, 1947May 27, 1948May 22, 1950Oct. 10, 1950

June 30, 1953July 1, 1957July 1, 1961July 1, 1962

Aug. 1, 1964Feb. 19, 1965June 13, 1966

Aug. 1, 1966Aug. 1, 1968Aug. 1, 1969May 1, 1972Nov. 1, 1973

Sept. 1, 1975April 1, 1978July 1, 1978

March 1, 1980June 1, 1982Oct. 6, 1983Aug. 1, 1984Aug. 1, 1985Feb. 1, 1987

May 25, 1990May 16, 1991July 29, 1994July 11, 1997May 27, 1999April 17, 2000

Gen. Hoyt S. VandenbergGen. Muir S. FairchildLt. Gen. Lauris Norstad (acting)Gen. Nathan F. TwiningGen. Thomas D. WhiteGen. Curtis E. LeMayGen. Frederic H. Smith Jr.Gen. Willliam F. McKeeGen. John P. McConnellGen. William H. BlanchardLt. Gen. Hewitt T. Wheless (acting)Gen. Bruce K. HollowayGen. John D. RyanGen. John C. MeyerGen. Horace M. WadeGen. Richard H. EllisGen. William V. McBrideGen. Lew Allen Jr.Gen. James A. HillGen. Robert C. MathisGen. Jerome F. O’MalleyGen. Lawrence A. SkantzeGen. Larry D. WelchGen. John L. PiotrowskiGen. Monroe W. Hatch Jr.Gen. John Michael LohGen. Michael P.C. CarnsGen. Thomas S. Moorman Jr.Gen. Ralph E. EberhartGen. Lester L. LylesGen. John W. Handy


Established March 21, 1946. Reassigned to Continental Air Command(1948). Discontinued July 1, 1950. Re-established as a major commandand organized Jan. 1, 1951. Redesignated Aerospace Defense CommandJan. 15, 1968. Inactivated March 31, 1980.

Air (Aerospace) Defense Command

Lt. Gen. George E. StratemeyerMaj. Gen. Gordon P. SavilleLt. Gen. Ennis C. WhiteheadGen. Benjamin W. ChidlawMaj. Gen. Frederic H. Smith Jr. (acting)Gen. Earle E. PartridgeLt. Gen. Joseph H. AtkinsonLt. Gen. Robert M. LeeMaj. Gen. Robert H. Terrill (acting)Lt. Gen. Herbert B. ThatcherLt. Gen. Arthur C. Agan Jr.Lt. Gen. Thomas K. McGeheeGen. Seth J. McKeeGen. Lucius D. Clay Jr.Gen. Daniel James Jr.Gen. James E. HillGen. James V. Hartinger

Nov. 30, 1948Sept. 1, 1949

Aug. 24, 1951May 31, 1955July 19, 1955

Sept. 16, 1956Feb. 28, 1961

July 5, 1963July 31, 1963July 31, 1967Feb. 28, 1970June 30, 1973Sept. 30, 1973Aug. 31, 1975Dec. 6, 1977

Dec. 31, 1979March 31, 1980

March 27, 1946Dec. 1, 1948Jan. 1, 1951

Aug. 25, 1951June 1, 1955July 20, 1955

Sept. 17, 1956March 1, 1961

July 6, 1963Aug. 1, 1963Aug. 1, 1967

March 1, 1970July 1, 1973Oct. 1, 1973

Sept. 1, 1975Dec. 6, 1977Jan. 1, 1980

Air Force Communications Command

Formerly Air Force Communications Service. Redesignated Air Force Com-munications Command Nov. 15, 1979. Redesignated Air Force Command,Control, Communications, and Computer Agency, an FOA, July 1, 1991.

Feb. 15, 1962June 30, 1965Oct. 18, 1965

July 2, 1967Aug. 1, 1969

Oct. 31, 1973Aug. 24, 1975Oct. 31, 1977

June 21, 1979July 27, 1981June 1, 1984

Aug. 28, 1986March 29, 1988

May 16, 1989Nov. 9, 1990July 1, 1991

July 1, 1961Feb. 16, 1962

July 1, 1965Oct. 19, 1965July 15, 1967Aug. 1, 1969Nov. 1, 1973

Aug. 25, 1975Nov. 1, 1977

June 22, 1979July 27, 1981June 1, 1984

Aug. 28, 1986March 29, 1988

May 16, 1989Nov. 9, 1990

Maj. Gen. Harold W. GrantMaj. Gen. Kenneth P. BergquistMaj. Gen. J. Francis Taylor (acting)Maj. Gen. Richard P. KlockoMaj. Gen. Robert W. PaulsonMaj. Gen. Paul R. StoneyMaj. Gen. Donald L. WerbeckMaj. Gen. Rupert H. BurrisMaj. Gen. Robert E. SadlerMaj. Gen. Robert T. HerresMaj. Gen. Robert F. McCarthyMaj. Gen. Gerald L. PratherMaj. Gen. John T. StihlMaj. Gen. James S. Cassity Jr.Maj. Gen. Robert H. LudwigMaj. Gen. John S. Fairfield

Now Air Intelligence Agency, an FOA. See Electronic Security Command.

Air Force Intelligence Command

June 1, 1993Oct. 1, 1993

Maj. Gen. Gary W. O’ShaughnessyMaj. Gen. Kenneth A. Minihan

Oct. 1, 1991June 2, 1993

Organized as AAF Materiel and Services July 17, 1944. Redesignated AAFTechnical Service Command Aug. 31, 1944. Redesignated Air TechnicalService Command July 1, 1945. Redesignated Air Materiel CommandMarch 9, 1946. Redesignated Air Force Logistics Command April 1, 1961.Inactivated July 1, 1992.

Air Force Logistics Command

Lt. Gen. Nathan F. TwiningGen. Joseph T. McNarneyLt. Gen. Benjamin W. ChidlawGen. Edwin W. RawlingsLt. Gen. William F. McKee (acting)Gen. Samuel E. AndersonGen. William F. McKeeGen. Mark E. Bradley Jr.Gen. Kenneth B. HobsonGen. Thomas P. GerrityLt. Gen. Lewis L. Mundell (acting)Gen. Jack G. MerrellGen. Jack J. CattonGen. William V. McBrideGen. F. Michael RogersGen. Bryce Poe IIGen. James P. MullinsGen. Earl T. O’LoughlinGen. Alfred G. HansenGen. Charles C. McDonald

Oct. 13, 1947Aug. 31, 1949Aug. 20, 1951Feb. 28, 1959

March 14, 1959July 31, 1961

June 30, 1962July 31, 1965July 31, 1967Feb. 24, 1968

March 28, 1968Sept. 11, 1972Aug. 31, 1974Aug. 31, 1975Jan. 31, 1978July 31, 1981Nov. 1, 1984

July 31, 1987Oct. 31, 1989

July 1, 1992

March 9, 1946Oct. 14, 1947Sept. 1, 1949

Aug. 21, 1951March 1, 1959

March 15, 1959Aug. 1, 1961July 1, 1962Aug. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1967

Feb. 24, 1968March 29, 1968Sept. 12, 1972

Sept. 1, 1974Sept. 1, 1975Feb. 1, 1978Aug. 1, 1981Nov. 1, 1984

July 31, 1987Oct. 31, 1989

Air Force Materiel Command

Gen. Ronald W. YatesGen. Henry Viccellio Jr.Lt. Gen. Kenneth E. Eickmann (acting)Gen. George T. Babbitt Jr.Gen. Lester L. Lyles

June 30, 1995May 9, 1997

May 29, 1997April 20, 2000

July 1, 1992June 30, 1995

May 9, 1997May 29, 1997April 20, 2000

Air Force Reserve Command

Jan. 26, 1972March 15, 1972

April 8, 1975April 16, 1979Oct. 31, 1982Oct. 31, 1986Oct. 31, 1990Oct. 31, 1994June 9, 1998

Sept. 25, 1998

Aug. 1, 1968Jan. 27, 1972

March 16, 1972April 16, 1975April 17, 1979

Nov. 1, 1982Nov. 1, 1986Nov. 1, 1990Nov. 1, 1994June 9, 1998

Sept. 25, 1998

Maj. Gen. Rollin B. Moore Jr.Brig. Gen. Alfred Verhulst (acting)Maj. Gen. Homer I. LewisMaj. Gen. William LyonMaj. Gen. Richard BodycombeMaj. Gen. Sloan R. GillMaj. Gen. Roger P. ScheerMaj. Gen. John J. Closner IIIMaj. Gen. Robert A. McIntoshMaj. Gen. David R. Smith (acting)Maj. Gen. James E. Sherrard III

Formerly Air Force Reserve, AFRC became a major command Feb. 17, 1997.

Sept. 1, 1982July 30, 1984Oct. 1, 1986

Oct. 29, 1987March 29, 1990March 23, 1992

July 1, 1992Sept. 13, 1994Aug. 26, 1996Aug. 14, 1998Feb. 22, 2000

Gen. James V. HartingerGen. Robert T. HerresMaj. Gen. Maurice C. PaddenLt. Gen. Donald J. KutynaLt. Gen. Thomas S. Moorman Jr.Gen. Donald J. KutynaGen. Charles A. HornerGen. Joseph W. AshyGen. Howell M. Estes IIIGen. Richard B. MyersGen. Ralph E. Eberhart

July 30, 1984Oct. 1, 1986

Oct. 29, 1987March 29, 1990March 23, 1992

July 1, 1992Sept. 13, 1994Aug. 26, 1996Aug. 14, 1998Feb. 22, 2000

Air Force Space Command

Air Education and Training Command

Lt. Gen. John K. CannonLt. Gen. Robert W. HarperMaj. Gen. Glenn O. Barcus (acting)Lt. Gen. Charles T. MyersLt. Gen. Frederic H. Smith Jr.Lt. Gen. James E. BriggsLt. Gen. Robert W. BurnsLt. Gen. William W. MomyerLt. Gen. Sam Maddux Jr.Lt. Gen. George B. SimlerLt. Gen. William V. McBrideLt. Gen. George H. McKeeGen. John W. RobertsGen. Bennie L. DavisGen. Thomas M. Ryan Jr.Gen. Andrew P. IosueLt. Gen. John A. ShaudLt. Gen. Robert C. OaksLt. Gen. Joseph W. AshyGen. Henry Viccellio Jr.Gen. Billy J. BolesGen. Lloyd W. Newton

Oct. 13, 1948June 30, 1954July 25, 1954July 31, 1958July 31, 1959July 31, 1963

Aug. 10, 1964June 30, 1966Aug. 30, 1970Sept. 9, 1972

Aug. 31, 1974Aug. 28, 1975

April 1, 1979July 28, 1981

June 22, 1983Aug. 27, 1986June 5, 1988

June 24, 1990Dec. 9, 1992

June 19, 1995March 17, 1997

April 13, 1946Oct. 14, 1948

July 1, 1954July 26, 1954Aug. 1, 1958Aug. 1, 1959Aug. 1, 1963

Aug. 11, 1964July 1, 1966

Sept. 1, 1970Sept. 9, 1972Sept. 1, 1974

Aug. 29, 1975April 1, 1979

July 29, 1981June 23, 1983Aug. 28, 1986June 6, 1988

June 25, 1990Dec. 10, 1992June 20, 1995

March 17, 1997

Established as Army Air Corps Flying Training Command Jan. 23, 1942.Redesignated AAF Flying Training Command March 1942, then AAFTraining Command July 31, 1943. Redesignated ATC July 1, 1946.Redesignated AETC July 1, 1993.


Air Force Special Operations Command

Maj. Gen. Thomas E. EggersMaj. Gen. Bruce L. FisterMaj. Gen. James L. Hobson Jr.Maj. Gen. Charles R. HollandLt. Gen. Maxwell C. Bailey

May 22, 1990June 30, 1991July 22, 1994

July 9, 1997Aug. 5, 1999

June 30, 1991July 22, 1994

July 9, 1997Aug. 5, 1999

Air Mobility Command

Gen. Hansford T. JohnsonGen. Ronald R. FoglemanGen. Robert L. RutherfordGen. Walter KrossGen. Charles T. Robertson Jr.

Aug. 22, 1992Oct. 17, 1994July 15, 1996Aug. 3, 1998

June 1, 1992Aug. 23, 1992Oct. 18, 1994July 15, 1996Aug. 3, 1998

October 1948Sept. 25, 1950

Jan. 4, 1954Aug. 5, 1962

April 19, 1974Jan. 31, 1977April 1, 1981Nov. 1, 1988

Jan. 28, 1994Jan. 28, 1998

Nov. 28, 1945October 1948Oct. 13, 1950Jan. 26, 1954Aug. 6, 1962

April 20, 1974Feb. 1, 1977April 1, 1981Nov. 1, 1988

Jan. 28, 1994Jan. 28, 1998

Col. William A.R. RobertsonMaj. Gen. George G. FinchMaj. Gen. Earl T. RicksMaj. Gen. Winston P. WilsonMaj. Gen. I.G. BrownMaj. Gen. John J. PeschMaj. Gen. John T. GuiceMaj. Gen. John B. ConawayMaj. Gen. Philip G. KilleyMaj. Gen. Donald W. ShepperdMaj. Gen. Paul A. Weaver Jr.

Air National Guard

Air Proving Ground Command

Designated a center December 1957.

August 1948June 1950July 1952April 1955July 1957

Maj. Gen. Carl A. BrandtMaj. Gen. William E. KepnerMaj. Gen. Bryant L. BoatnerMaj. Gen. Patrick W. TimberlakeMaj. Gen. Robert W. Burns

October 1946August 1948

July 1950July 1952

August 1955

Air University

May 17, 1948Oct. 15, 1948July 27, 1951Feb. 28, 1953April 14, 1953May 31, 1955

June 30, 1958July 31, 1961Dec. 31, 1963July 31, 1965July 31, 1968July 31, 1970Oct. 31, 1973Aug. 31, 1975

July 1, 1979July 24, 1981Aug. 1, 1984Nov. 6, 1986

July 12, 1988Oct. 6, 1989Jan. 4, 1990

Oct. 26, 1992June 30, 1993

March 15, 1946May 17, 1948Oct. 16, 1948July 28, 1951

March 1, 1953April 15, 1953June 1, 1955July 15, 1958Aug. 1, 1961Jan. 1, 1964Aug. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1968Aug. 1, 1970Nov. 1, 1973

Sept. 1, 1975July 1, 1979

July 24, 1981Aug. 1, 1984Nov. 6, 1986

July 12, 1988Oct. 6, 1989Jan. 4, 1990

Oct. 27, 1992

Maj. Gen. Muir S. FairchildMaj. Gen. Robert W. HarperGen. George C. KenneyLt. Gen. Idwal H. EdwardsMaj. Gen. John DeF. Barker (acting)Lt. Gen. Laurence S. KuterLt. Gen. Dean C. StrotherLt. Gen. Walter E. ToddLt. Gen. Troup Miller Jr.Lt. Gen. Ralph P. Swofford Jr.Lt. Gen. John W. Carpenter IIILt. Gen. Albert P. ClarkLt. Gen. Alvan C. Gillem IILt. Gen. F. Michael RogersLt. Gen. Raymond B. FurlongLt. Gen. Stanley M. UmsteadLt. Gen. Charles G. ClevelandLt. Gen. Thomas C. RichardsLt. Gen. Truman SpangrudLt. Gen. Ralph E. HavensMaj. Gen. David C. ReedLt. Gen. Charles G. BoydLt. Gen. Jay W. Kelley

Established as AAF School of Applied Tactics Oct. 16, 1943 (assumedhistory of Air Services School, dating from 1920). Redesignated AAF SchoolJune 1, 1945. Given Majcom status Nov. 29, 1945. Redesignated AU May12, 1946. Part of ATC between May 1978 and July 1983. Ceased to be aMajcom and was assigned to AETC July 1, 1993.

Air Force Systems Command

Formerly Air Research and Development Command. Redesignated Air ForceSystems Command April 1, 1961. Inactivated July 1, 1992.

Maj. Gen. David M. SchlatterLt. Gen. Earle E. PartridgeLt. Gen. Donald L. PuttLt. Gen. Thomas S. PowerMaj. Gen. John W. Sessums (acting)Lt. Gen. Samuel E. AndersonMaj. Gen. John W. Sessums (acting)Gen. Bernard A. SchrieverGen. James FergusonGen. George S. BrownGen. Samuel C. PhillipsGen. William J. EvansGen. Lew Allen Jr.Gen. Alton D. SlayGen. Robert T. MarshGen. Lawrence A. SkantzeGen. Bernard P. RandolphGen. Ronald W. Yates

Feb. 1, 1950June 24, 1951June 30, 1953April 15, 1954

July 1, 1957Aug. 1, 1957

March 10, 1959April 25, 1959Sept. 1, 1966Sept. 1, 1970Aug. 1, 1973

Sept. 1, 1975Aug. 1, 1977

March 14, 1978Feb. 1, 1981Aug. 1, 1984

July 17, 1987April 1, 1990

June 24, 1951June 20, 1953April 14, 1954June 30, 1957July 31, 1957

March 9, 1959April 24, 1959Aug. 31, 1966Aug. 30, 1970July 31, 1973

Aug. 31, 1975July 31, 1977

March 13, 1978Feb. 1, 1981Aug. 1, 1984

July 17, 1987April 1, 1990July 1, 1992

Activated as Alaskan Air Force (1942). Redesignated Eleventh Air Force(1942). Redesignated Alaskan Air Command (1945). Redesignated 11th AirForce Aug. 9, 1990, under PACAF.

Alaskan Air Command

Feb. 25, 1949Dec. 27, 1950Oct. 14, 1952Feb. 26, 1953

Feb. 1, 1956Feb. 24, 1956July 16, 1956Oct. 23, 1956

June 27, 1957Aug. 18, 1957Aug. 13, 1958July 19, 1961July 25, 1961Aug. 8, 1963

Aug. 14, 1963Nov. 14, 1966July 24, 1969July 31, 1972June 5, 1973

March 2, 1974March 18, 1974

June 30, 1975Oct. 14, 1976

June 30, 1978April 1, 1981

Aug. 31, 1983Sept. 26, 1985May 22, 1988Aug. 9, 1990

Brig. Gen. Joseph H. AtkinsonBrig. Gen. Frank A. Armstrong Jr.Maj. Gen. William D. OldBrig. Gen. W.R. AgeeMaj. Gen. George R. AchesonBrig. Gen. T. Alan Bennett (acting)Lt. Gen. Joseph H. AtkinsonMaj. Gen. Frank A. Armstrong Jr.Maj. Gen. James H. DaviesLt. Gen. Frank A. Armstrong Jr.Brig. Gen. Kenneth H. GibsonMaj. Gen. C.F. NecrasonBrig. Gen. Jack A. Gibbs (acting)Maj. Gen. Wendell W. BowmanCol. Alfred Walton (acting)Maj. Gen. James C. JensenMaj. Gen. Thomas E. MooreMaj. Gen. Joseph A. CunninghamMaj. Gen. Donavon F. SmithMaj. Gen. Charles W. Carson Jr.Col. David T. Stockman (acting)Maj. Gen. Jack K. GambleLt. Gen. James E. HillLt. Gen. M.L. BoswellLt. Gen. Winfield W. Scott Jr.Lt. Gen. Lynwood E. ClarkLt. Gen. Bruce K. BrownLt. Gen. David L. NicholsLt. Gen. Thomas G. McInerney

Oct. 1, 1946Feb. 26, 1949Dec. 27, 1950Oct. 27, 1952Feb. 26, 1953

Feb. 1, 1956Feb. 24, 1956July 17, 1956Oct. 24, 1956

June 28, 1957Aug. 19, 1957Aug. 14, 1958July 20, 1961July 26, 1961Aug. 9, 1963

Aug. 15, 1963Nov. 15, 1966July 25, 1969Aug. 1, 1972

June 18, l973March 3, 1974

March 19, 1974July 1, 1975

Oct. 15, 1976July 1, 1978April 1, 1981

Sept. 1, 1983Sept. 27, 1985May 22, 1988


Electronic Security Command

Formerly USAF Security Service. Redesignated: Electronic Security Com-mand Aug. 1, 1979; Air Force Intelligence Command Oct. 1, 1991; Air In-telligence Agency, an FOA, Oct. 1, 1993.

July 5, 1949Feb. 21, 1951Feb. 13, 1953

Jan. 3, 1957Aug. 5, 1959

Sept. 20, 1959Aug. 31, 1962Oct. 15, 1965July 18, 1969Feb. 23, 1973May 16, 1974July 31, 1975Jan. 18, 1979July 31, 1983

April 16, 1985Aug. 14, 1989

Oct. 1, 1991

Oct. 26, 1948July 6, 1949

Feb. 22, 1951Feb. 14, 1953

Jan. 4, 1957Aug. 6, 1959

Sept. 21, 1959Sept. 1, 1962Oct. 16, 1965July 19, 1969Feb. 24, 1973May 17, 1974Aug. 1, 1975

Jan. 19, 1979Aug. 1, 1983

April 17, 1985Aug. 15, 1989

Col. Roy H. LynnCol. Travis M. HetheringtonMaj. Gen. Roy H. LynnMaj. Gen. Harold H. BassettMaj. Gen. Gordon L. BlakeMaj. Gen. John B. AckermanMaj. Gen. Millard LewisMaj. Gen. Richard P. KlockoMaj. Gen. Louis E. CoiraMaj. Gen. Carl W. StapletonMaj. Gen. Walter T. GalliganMaj. Gen. Howard P. SmithMaj. Gen. Kenneth D. BurnsMaj. Gen. Doyle E. LarsonMaj. Gen. John B. MarksMaj. Gen. Paul H. MartinMaj. Gen. Gary W. O’Shaughnessy

Headquarters Command

Established as Bolling Field Command (1946). Redesignated HeadquartersCommand, USAF, March 17, 1958. Inactivated in 1976.

Brig. Gen. Burton M. HoveyBrig. Gen. Sydney D. GrubbsBrig. Gen. Morris J. LeeBrig. Gen. Stoyte O. RossMaj. Gen. Reuben C. Hood Jr.Maj. Gen. Brooke E. AllenMaj. Gen. Rollen H. AnthisMaj. Gen. Milton B. AdamsMaj. Gen. Nils O. OhmanMaj. Gen. John L. LockeMaj. Gen. Maurice R. ReillyMaj. Gen. William C. Norris

Jan. 3, 1946Dec. 14, 1948

Oct. 2, 1950June 14, 1952

Aug. 1, 1956Aug. 3, 1959

Jan. 10, 1966Dec. 1, 1967July 5, 1968May 1, 1972

Feb. 26, 1974Sept. 1, 1975

Dec. 13, 1948Oct. 1, 1950

June 13, 1952July 4, 1956

June 30, 1959Dec. 31, 1965Nov. 30, 1967June 30, 1968April 30, 1972Feb. 25, 1974

August 1975June 30, 1976

Continental Air Command

Established Dec. 1, 1948. Inactivated Aug. 1, 1968.

Lt. Gen. George E. StratemeyerLt. Gen. Ennis C. WhiteheadMaj. Gen. Willis H. HaleLt. Gen. Leon W. JohnsonLt. Gen. Charles B. Stone IIILt. Gen. William E. HallLt. Gen. Gordon A. BlakeLt. Gen. Edward J. TimberlakeLt. Gen. Henry Viccellio Sr.

Dec. 1, 1948April 15, 1949Dec. 14, 1950Feb. 18, 1952Dec. 15, 1955

July 1, 1957Sept. 30, 1961

July 1, 1962Aug. 1, 1966

April 15, 1949Dec. 14, 1950Feb. 18, 1952Dec. 14, 1955June 30, 1957Sept. 30, 1961June 30, 1962

July 1966Aug. 1, 1968


Strategic Air Command

Gen. George C. KenneyGen. Curtis E. LeMayGen. Thomas S. PowerGen. John D. RyanGen. Joseph J. NazzaroGen. Bruce K. HollowayGen. John C. MeyerGen. Russell E. DoughertyGen. Richard H. EllisGen. Bennie L. DavisGen. Larry D. WelchGen. John T. ChainGen. George L. Butler

Oct. 18, 1948June 30, 1957Nov. 30, 1964Jan. 31, 1967July 28, 1968April 30, 1972July 31, 1974July 31, 1977July 31, 1981July 31, 1985

June 30, 1986Jan. 31, 1991June 1, 1992

March 21, 1946Oct. 19, 1948

July 1, 1957Dec. 1, 1964Feb. 1, 1967

July 29, 1968May 1, 1972Aug. 1, 1974Aug. 1, 1977Aug. 1, 1981Aug. 1, 1985July 1, 1986Feb. 1, 1991

Established as Continental Air Forces Dec. 13, 1944. RedesignatedStrategic Air Command March 21, 1946. Inactivated June 1, 1992.

Tactical Air Command

Established March 21, 1946. Reassigned to Continental Air Command(1948). Removed from CAC and returned to major command status Dec. 1,1950. Inactivated June 1, 1992.

Lt. Gen. Elwood R. QuesadaMaj. Gen. Robert M. LeeMaj. Gen. Glenn O. BarcusGen. John K. CannonGen. Otto P. WeylandGen. Frank F. EverestGen. Walter C. Sweeney Jr.Gen. Gabriel P. DisoswayGen. William W. MomyerGen. Robert J. DixonGen. William L. CreechGen. Jerome F. O’MalleyGen. Robert D. RussGen. John Michael Loh

March 21, 1946Dec. 24, 1948July 17, 1950Jan. 25, 1951April 1, 1954Aug. 1, 1959Oct. 1, 1961Aug. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1968Oct. 1, 1973May 1, 1978Nov. 1, 1984

May 22, 1985March 27, 1991

Nov. 23, 1948June 20, 1950Jan. 25, 1951

March 31, 1954July 31, 1959

Sept. 30, 1961July 31, 1965July 31, 1968

Sept. 30, 1973April 30, 1978

Nov. 1, 1984April 20, 1985

March 26, 1991June 1, 1992

Activated as 8th Air Force (1942). Redesignated Eighth Air Force Sept. 18,1942. Redesignated US Strategic Air Forces in Europe (1944). Redesig-nated USAFE Aug. 7, 1945.

US Air Forces in Europe

Brig. Gen. John F. McBlain (acting)Lt. Gen. Curtis E. LeMayLt. Gen. John K. CannonGen. Lauris NorstadLt. Gen. William H. TunnerGen. Frank F. EverestGen. Frederic H. Smith Jr.Gen. Truman H. LandonGen. Gabriel P. DisoswayGen. Bruce K. HollowayGen. Maurice A. PrestonGen. Horace M. WadeGen. Joseph R. HolzappleGen. David C. JonesGen. John W. VogtGen. Richard H. EllisGen. William J. EvansGen. John W. PaulyGen. Charles A. GabrielGen. Billy M. MinterGen. Charles L. Donnelly Jr.Gen. William L. KirkGen. Michael J. DuganGen. Robert C. OaksGen. James L. JamersonGen. Richard E. HawleyGen. Michael E. RyanLt. Gen. William J. Begert (acting)Gen. John P. JumperGen. Gregory S. Martin

Oct. 20, 1947Oct. 15, 1948Jan. 20, 1951July 26, 1953

June 30, 1957July 31, 1959

June 30, 1961July 31, 1963July 31, 1965July 31, 1966July 31, 1968Jan. 31, 1969Aug. 31, 1971June 30, 1974Aug. 31, 1975July 31, 1977Aug. 1, 1978Aug. 1, 1980

June 30, 1982Nov. 1, 1984May 1, 1987

April 12, 1989June 26, 1990July 29, 1994July 16, 1995April 4, 1996Oct. 5, 1997Dec. 5, 1997

Jan. 13, 2000

Aug. 14, 1947Oct. 20, 1947Oct. 16, 1948Jan. 21, 1951July 27, 1953

July 1, 1957Aug. 1, 1959July 1, 1961Aug. 1, 1963Aug. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1966Aug. 1, 1968Feb. 1, 1969

Sept. 1, 1971July 1, 1974

Sept. 1, 1975Aug. 1, 1977Aug. 1, 1978Aug. 1, 1980July 1, 1982Nov. 1, 1984May 1, 1987

April 12, 1989June 26, 1990July 29, 1994July 17, 1995April 4, 1996Oct. 6, 1997Dec. 5, 1997

Jan. 13, 2000

Northeast Air Command

Maj. Gen. Lyman P. WhittenMaj. Gen. Charles T. MyersLt. Gen. Glenn O. Barcus

Oct. 6, 1950March 14, 1952

July 26, 1954

March 14, 1952July 26, 1954

March 31, 1957

Newfoundland Base Command, part of Military Air Transport Service,reorganized and redesignated Northeast Air Command, a new majorcommand, Oct. 1, 1950. Inactivated March 31, 1957.

Pacific Air Command/Seventh Air Force

Formerly Seventh Air Force. Redesignated Pacific Air Command Dec. 15,1947. Discontinued June 1, 1949.

Maj. Gen. Ralph H. WootenBrig. Gen. Robert F. Travis

Aug. 31, 1948June 1, 1949

April 1947Sept. 1, 1948

Pacific Air Forces

Lt. Gen. Ennis C. WhiteheadLt. Gen. George E. StratemeyerLt. Gen. Earle E. Partridge (acting)Gen. Otto P. WeylandGen. Earle E. PartridgeGen. Laurence S. KuterGen. Emmett O’Donnell Jr.Gen. Jacob E. SmartGen. Hunter Harris Jr.Gen. John D. RyanGen. Joseph J. NazzaroGen. Lucius D. Clay Jr.Gen. John W. VogtGen. Louis L. Wilson Jr.Lt. Gen. James A. HillLt. Gen. James D. HughesLt. Gen. Arnold W. BraswellGen. Jerome F. O’MalleyGen. Robert W. BazleyGen. Jack I. GregoryGen. Merrill A. McPeakLt. Gen. James B. DavisGen. Jimmie V. AdamsGen. Robert L. RutherfordGen. John G. LorberGen. Richard B. MyersGen. Patrick K. Gamble

April 25, 1949May 20, 1951June 9, 1951

March 25, 1954May 31, 1955July 31, 1959July 31, 1963July 31, 1964Jan. 31, 1967July 31, 1968July 31, 1971

Sept. 30, 1973June 30, 1974May 31, 1977

June 14, 1978July 1, 1981

Sept. 30, 1983Nov. 1, 1984

Dec. 16, 1986July 22, 1988Oct. 30, 1990Feb. 19, 1991Jan. 25, 1993Oct. 12, 1994

July 7, 1997July 23, 1998

Dec. 30, 1945April 26, 1949May 21, 1951

June 10, 1951March 26, 1954

June 1, 1955Aug. 1, 1959Aug. 1, 1963Aug. 1, 1964Feb. 1, 1967Aug. 1, 1968Aug. 1, 1971Oct. 1, 1973July 1, 1974

June 1, 1977June 15, 1978

July 1, 1981Oct. 8, 1983Nov. 1, 1984

Dec. 16, 1986July 22, 1988Nov. 5, 1990

Feb. 19, 1991Jan. 26, 1993Oct. 12, 1994

July 7, 1997July 23, 1998

Activated as Far East Air Forces Aug. 3, 1944. Redesignated Pacific AirCommand, US Army, Dec. 6, 1945. Redesignated FEAF Jan. 1, 1947.Redesignated Pacific Air Forces July 1, 1957.

Military Airlift Command

Maj. Gen. Robert W. HarperLt. Gen. Laurence S. KuterLt. Gen. Joseph SmithLt. Gen. William H. TunnerGen. Joe W. Kelly Jr.Gen. Howell M. Estes Jr.Gen. Jack J. CattonLt. Gen. Jay T. Robbins (acting)Gen. Paul K. CarltonGen. William G. Moore Jr.Gen. Robert E. HuyserGen. James R. AllenGen. Thomas M. Ryan Jr.Gen. Duane H. CassidyGen. Hansford T. Johnson

June 1, 1948Oct. 28, 1951

June 30, 1958May 31, 1960July 18, 1964July 31, 1969

Sept. 12, 1972Sept. 25, 1972

March 31, 1977June 30, 1979June 26, 1981June 30, 1983Sept. 19, 1985Sept. 20, 1989

June 1, 1992

July 1, 1947June 1, 1948

Nov. 15, 1951July 1, 1958

June 1, 1960July 19, 1964Aug. 1, 1969

Sept. 12, 1972Sept. 26, 1972

April 1, 1977July 1, 1979

June 26, 1981July 1, 1983

Sept. 20, 1985Sept. 20, 1989

Antecedents: AAC Ferrying Command (1941); AAF Ferrying Command(1942); Air Transport Command (1942, inactivated June 1, 1948). MilitaryAir Transport Service established June 1, 1948. Redesignated Military AirliftCommand Jan. 1, 1966. In 1982, the inactivated Air Transport Commandwas consolidated with MAC. Inactivated June 1, 1992.


DoDLeaders Through the Years

Activated as Panama Canal Air Force (1940). Redesignated Caribbean Air Force(1941). Redesignated 6th Air Force Feb. 5, 1942, then Sixth Air Force Sept. 18,1942. Redesignated Caribbean Air Command July 31, 1946. Redesignated US AirForces Southern Command July 8, 1963. Inactivated Jan. 1, 1976.

US Air Forces Southern Command/Caribbean

Maj. Gen. Hubert R. HarmonBrig. Gen. Glen C. Jamison (acting)Maj. Gen. Willis H. HaleBrig. Gen. Rosenham BeamBrig. Gen. Emil C. KielMaj. Gen. Reuben C. Hood Jr.Maj. Gen. Truman H. LandonMaj. Gen. Leland S. StranathanMaj. Gen. Robert A. BreitweiserMaj. Gen. Reginald J. ClizbeMaj. Gen. Kenneth O. SanbornMaj. Gen. Arthur G. SalisburyMaj. Gen. James M. Breedlove

Oct. 3, 1947Nov. 12, 1947Oct. 19, 1949Nov. 5, 1950

June 10, 1953June 16, 1956

June 1, 1959Sept. 8, 1963

July 9, 1966June 14, 1968

April 7, 1972October 1974

Jan. 1, 1976

July 31, 1946Oct. 4, 1947

Nov. 13, 1947Oct. 20, 1949Nov. 6, 1950

June 11, 1953June 20, 1956

Aug. 3, 1959Sept. 11, 1963

Aug. 6, 1966June 14, 1968

April 7, 1972October 1974

USAF Academy Superintendents

Lt. Gen. Hubert R. HarmonMaj. Gen. James E. BriggsMaj. Gen. William S. StoneMaj. Gen. Robert H. WarrenLt. Gen. Thomas S. Moorman Sr.Lt. Gen. Albert P. ClarkLt. Gen. James R. AllenLt. Gen. Kenneth L. TallmanMaj. Gen. Robert E. KelleyLt. Gen. Winfield W. Scott Jr.Lt. Gen. Charles R. HammLt. Gen. Bradley C. HosmerLt. Gen. Paul E. SteinLt. Gen. Tad J. Oelstrom

July 27, 1954July 28, 1956

Aug. 17, 1959July 1, 1962July 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1970Aug. 1, 1974

June 28, 1977June 16, 1981June 16, 1983June 26, 1987

July 1, 1991July 8, 1994Aug. 1, 1997

July 27, 1956Aug. 16, 1959June 30, 1962June 30, 1965July 31, 1970July 31, 1974

June 27, 1977June 15, 1981June 15, 1983June 25, 1987

July 1, 1991July 7, 1994

July 31, 1997

Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

Gen. of the Army Omar N. BradleyAdm. Arthur W. Radford, USNGen. Nathan F. Twining, USAFGen. Lyman L. Lemnitzer, USAGen. Maxwell D. Taylor, USAGen. Earle G. Wheeler, USAAdm. Thomas H. Moorer, USNGen. George S. Brown, USAFGen. David C. Jones, USAFGen. John W. Vessey Jr., USAAdm. William J. Crowe Jr., USNGen. Colin L. Powell, USAAdm. David Jeremiah, USN (acting)Gen. John M. Shalikashvili, USAGen. Henry H. Shelton, USA

Aug. 16, 1949Aug. 15, 1953Aug. 15, 1957

Oct. 1, 1960Oct. 1, 1962July 3, 1964July 2, 1970July 1, 1974

June 21, 1978June 18, 1982

Oct. 1, 1985Oct. 1, 1989Oct. 1, 1993

Oct. 25, 1993Oct. 1, 1997

Aug. 15, 1953Aug. 15, 1957

Sept. 30, 1960Sept. 30, 1962

July 1, 1964July 2, 1970July 1, 1974

June 20, 1978June 18, 1982Sept. 30, 1985Sept. 30, 1989Sept. 30, 1993Oct. 24, 1993

Sept. 30, 1997

Vice Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff

Gen. Robert T. Herres, USAFAdm. David E. Jeremiah, USNAdm. William A. Owens, USNGen. Joseph W. Ralston, USAFGen. Richard B. Myers, USAF

Feb. 28, 1990Feb. 28, 1994Feb. 27, 1996Feb. 29, 2000

Feb. 6, 1987March 1, 1990March 1, 1994March 1, 1996March 1, 2000

US Central Command

Nov. 27, 1985Nov. 23, 1988

Aug. 9, 1991Aug. 5, 1994

Aug. 13, 1997

Jan. 1, 1983Nov. 27, 1985Nov. 23, 1988

Aug. 9, 1991Aug. 5, 1994

Aug. 13, 1997

Gen. Robert C. Kingston, USAGen. George B. Crist, USMCGen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, USAGen. Joseph P. Hoar, USMCGen. J.H. Binford Peay III, USAGen. Anthony C. Zinni, USMC

US European Command

July 11, 1953Nov. 20, 1956

Nov. 1, 1962May 5, 1969Nov. 1, 1974

June 27, 1979June 25, 1987June 23, 1992Oct. 21, 1993July 10, 1997

May 2000

Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway, USAGen. Alfred M. Gruenther, USAGen. Lauris Norstad, USAFGen. Lyman L. Lemnitzer, USAGen. Andrew J. Goodpaster, USAGen. Alexander M. Haig Jr., USAGen. Bernard W. Rogers, USAGen. John R. Galvin, USAGen. John M. Shalikashvili, USAGen. George A. Joulwan, USAGen. Wesley K. Clark, USAGen. Joseph W. Ralston, USAF

Aug. 1, 1952July 11, 1953

Nov. 20, 1956Nov. 1, 1962May 5, 1969Nov. 1, 1974

June 27, 1979June 25, 1987June 23, 1992Oct. 21, 1993July 10, 1997

May 2000

Secretaries of Defense

James V. ForrestalLouis A. JohnsonGeorge C. MarshallRobert A. LovettCharles E. WilsonNeil H. McElroyThomas S. GatesRobert S. McNamaraClark M. CliffordMelvin R. LairdElliot L. RichardsonJames R. SchlesingerDonald H. RumsfeldHarold BrownCaspar W. WeinbergerFrank C. CarlucciRichard B. CheneyLes AspinWilliam J. PerryWilliam S. Cohen

March 28, 1949Sept. 19, 1950Sept. 12, 1951Jan. 20, 1953

Oct. 8, 1957Dec. 1, 1959

Jan. 20, 1961Feb. 29, 1968Jan. 20, 1969Jan. 29, 1973May 24, 1973Nov. 19, 1975Jan. 20, 1977Jan. 20, 1981Nov. 23, 1987Jan. 20, 1989Jan. 20, 1993Feb. 3, 1994

Jan. 23, 1997

Sept. 17, 1947March 28, 1949Sept. 21, 1950Sept. 17, 1951Jan. 28, 1953

Oct. 9, 1957Dec. 2, 1959

Jan. 21, 1961March 1, 1968Jan. 22, 1969Jan. 30, 1973

July 2, 1973Nov. 20, 1975Jan. 21, 1977Jan. 21, 1981Nov. 23, 1987

March 21, 1989Jan. 21, 1993Feb. 3, 1994

Jan. 24, 1997


US Special Operations Command

June 27, 1990May 20, 1993Feb. 29, 1996

Sept. 25, 1997

Gen. James J. Lindsay, USAGen. Carl W. Stiner, USAGen. Wayne A. Downing, USAGen. Henry H. Shelton, USAGen. Peter J. Schoomaker, USA

April 16, 1987June 27, 1990May 20, 1993Feb. 29, 1996

Nov. 5, 1997

US Strategic Command

Feb. 13, 1994Feb. 21, 1996June 25, 1998

Gen. G. Lee Butler, USAFAdm. Henry G. Chiles Jr., USNGen. Eugene E. Habiger, USAFAdm. Richard W. Mies, USN

June 1, 1992Feb. 14, 1994Feb. 22, 1996June 26, 1998

US Transportation Command

Sept. 21, 1989Aug. 24, 1992Oct. 17, 1994July 14, 1996Aug. 2, 1998

Gen. Duane H. Cassidy, USAFGen. H.T. Johnson, USAFGen. Ronald R. Fogleman, USAFGen. Robert L. Rutherford, USAFGen. Walter Kross, USAFGen. Charles T. Robertson Jr., USAF

July 1, 1987Sept. 22, 1989Aug. 25, 1992Oct. 18, 1994July 15, 1996Aug. 3, 1998

North American Aerospace Defense Command

July 30, 1959July 30, 1962

March 30, 1965July 29, 1966July 31, 1969

Sept. 30, 1973Aug. 29, 1975

Dec. 5, 1977Dec. 31, 1979July 29, 1984Feb. 5, 1987

March 30, 1990June 29, 1992Sept. 12, 1994Aug. 26, 1996Aug. 13, 1998Feb. 22, 2000

Gen. Earle E. Partridge, USAFGen. Laurence S. Kuter, USAFGen. John K. Gerhart, USAFGen. Dean C. Strother, USAFGen. Raymond J. Reeves, USAFGen. Seth J. McKee, USAFGen. Lucius D. Clay Jr., USAFGen. Daniel James Jr., USAFGen. James E. Hill, USAFGen. James V. Hartinger, USAFGen. Robert T. Herres, USAFGen. John L. Piotrowski, USAFGen. Donald J. Kutyna, USAFGen. Charles A. Horner, USAFGen. Joseph W. Ashy, USAFGen. Howell M. Estes III, USAFGen. Richard B. Myers, USAFGen. Ralph E. Eberhart, USAF

Sept. 12, 1957Aug. 1, 1959Aug. 1, 1962April 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1966Aug. 1, 1969Oct. 1, 1973

Sept. 1, 1975Dec. 6, 1977Jan. 1, 1980

July 30, 1984Feb. 6, 1987April 1, 1990

June 30, 1992Sept. 13, 1994Aug. 27, 1996Aug. 14, 1998Feb. 22, 2000

NORADLeaders Through the Years

US Pacific Command

Feb. 28, 1947Dec. 3, 1947

April 30, 1949July 10, 1953July 31, 1958

June 30, 1964July 31, 1968Sept. 1, 1972

Aug. 30, 1976Oct. 31, 1979

July 1, 1983Sept. 18, 1985Sept. 30, 1988March 1, 1991July 11, 1994July 19, 1994Jan. 31, 1996Feb. 20, 1999

Adm. John H. Towers, USNAdm. Louis E. Denfeld, USNAdm. Dewitt C. Ramsey, USNAdm. Arthur W. Radford, USNAdm. Felix B. Stump, USNAdm. Harry D. Felt, USNAdm. U.S. Grant Sharp, USNAdm. John S. McCain Jr., USNAdm. Noel A.M. Gayler, USNAdm. Maurice E. Weisner, USNAdm. Robert L.J. Long, USNAdm. William J. Crowe Jr., USNAdm. Ronald J. Hays Jr., USNAdm. Huntington Hardisty, USNAdm. Charles R. Larson, USNLt. Gen. Harold T. Fields, USAAdm. Richard C. Macke, USNAdm. Joseph W. Prueher, USNAdm. Dennis C. Blair, USN

Jan. 1, 1947Feb. 28, 1947

Dec. 3, 1947April 30, 1949July 10, 1953July 31, 1958

June 30, 1964July 31, 1968Sept. 1, 1972

Aug. 30, 1976Oct. 31, 1979

July 1, 1983Sept. 18, 1985Sept. 30, 1988March 1, 1991July 11, 1994July 19, 1994Jan. 31, 1996Feb. 20, 1999

US Southern Command

June 1948October 1949

April 1952June 1954

January 1957February 1958

July 1960January 1961

June 1963February 1965February 1969

September 1971January 1973

July 1975September 1979

May 1983March 1985

June 1987July 1989

November 1990November 1993

January 1994February 1996

June 1996July 1997

November 1947June 1948

October 1949April 1952June 1954

January 1957April 1958July 1960

January 1961June 1963

February 1965February 1969

September 1971January 1973August 1975

October 1979May 1983

March 1985June 1987

September 1989November 1990December 1993

February 1994March 1996

July 1996August 1997

Lt. Gen. Willis Crittenberger, USALt. Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway, USALt. Gen. William H.H. Morris, USALt. Gen. Horace L. McBride, USALt. Gen. William K. Harrison, USALt. Gen. Robert M. Montague, USALt. Gen. Ridgely Gaither, USALt. Gen. Robert F. Sink, USALt. Gen. Andrew P. O’Meara, USAGen. Andrew P. O’Meara, USAGen. Robert W. Porter, USAGen. George R. Mather, USAGen. George V. Underwood, USAGen. William B. Rosson, USALt. Gen. Dennis P. McAuliffe, USALt. Gen. Wallace H. Nutting, USAGen. Paul F. Gorman, USAGen. John R. Galvin, USAGen. Fred F. Woerner, USAGen. Maxwell R. Thurman, USAGen. George A. Joulwan, USAMaj. Gen. W.A. Worthington, USAGen. Barry McCaffrey, USARAdm. James Perkins, USNGen. Wesley K. Clark, USAGen. Charles E. Wilhelm, USMC

Formerly US Caribbean Command (1947). Activated in 1963.

US Space Command

Feb. 5, 1987March 30, 1990


Gen. Robert T. Herres, USAFGen. John L. Piotrowski, USAFGen. Donald J. Kutyna, USAFGen. Charles A. Horner, USAFGen. Joseph W. Ashy, USAFGen. Howell M. Estes III, USAFGen. Richard B. Myers, USAFGen. Ralph E. Eberhart, USAF

Sept. 23, 1985Feb. 6, 1987April 1, 1990


Formerly US Atlantic Command, established Dec. 1, 1947, redesignatedOct. 7, 1999.

US Joint Forces Command

Feb. 1, 1950Aug. 15, 1951April 12, 1954Feb. 28, 1960April 30, 1963April 30, 1965June 17, 1967Sept. 30, 1970

Oct. 31, 1972May 30, 1975

Sept. 30, 1978Sept. 30, 1982Nov. 27, 1985Nov. 22, 1988May 18, 1990July 13, 1992Oct. 31, 1994

Sept. 24, 1997

Adm. William H.P. Blandy, USNAdm. William M. Fechteler, USNAdm. Lynde D. McCormick, USNAdm. Jerauld Wright, USNAdm. Robert L. Dennison, USNAdm. Harold P. Smith, USNAdm. Thomas H. Moorer, USNAdm. Ephraim P. Holmes, USNAdm. Charles K. Duncan, USNAdm. Ralph W. Cousins, USNAdm. Isaac C. Kidd Jr., USNAdm. Harry D. Train II, USNAdm. Wesley D. McDonald, USNAdm. Lee Baggett Jr., USNAdm. Frank B. Kelso II, USNAdm. Leon A. Edney, USNAdm. Paul D. Miller, USNGen. John J. Sheehan, USMCAdm. Harold W. Gehman Jr., USN

Feb. 3, 1947Feb. 1, 1950

Aug. 15, 1951April 12, 1954Feb. 28, 1960April 30, 1963April 30, 1965June 17, 1967Sept. 30, 1970Oct. 31, 1972May 30, 1975

Sept. 30, 1978Sept. 30, 1982Nov. 27, 1985Nov. 22, 1988May 18, 1990July 13, 1992Oct. 31, 1994

Sept. 24, 1997


People

USAF Educational Levels(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Numbers are rounded and may not sum to totals.Total does not include 4,103 cadets.

Enlisted

LevelBelow high schoolHigh schoolSome college (< 2 years)AA/AS degree2–3 years collegeBaccalaureate degreeMaster’s degree or higherTotal

Officers

LevelBelow baccalaureate/ unknownBaccalaureate degreeMaster’s degreeDoctoral and professional degreesTotal

Percent0.038.18

54.4814.2517.77

4.59

0.69100.00

Percent

1.26

42.5546.33

9.86100.00

Number87

23,416

155,89540,78250,855

13,147

1,987286,169

Number

887

29,91932,578

6,93470,318

USAF Total Force(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Numbers are rounded and may not sum to totals. FYs 1994–99 are actual figures; FY 2000 is an estimate.

Air Force active duty

OfficersEnlistedCadets

Total Air Force active duty

Career re-enlistments (second term)RateFirst-term re-enlistmentsRate

Civilian personnel

Direct hire (excluding technicians)ANGTechnicians: AFRCIndirect hire—foreign nationals

Total civilian personnel

Guard and Reserve

Air National Guard, Selected ReserveAFRC, paidAFRC, nonpaid

Total Ready Reserve

Standby

Total Guard and Reserve

FY99

70,318286,169

4,103

360,590

30,39284%

8,19649%

126,68522,892

9,4706,693

165,740

105,71571,77254,271

231,758

17,129

248,887

FY97

73,983299,373

4,029

377,385

34,90086%

12,30056%

139,51723,404

9,4226,841

179,184

110,02373,31166,827

250,161

14,500

264,661

FY00

69,587284,190

4,000

357,777

31,90086%

12,50052%

121,61622,589

9,7856,121

160,111

106,67873,70852,700

233,086

17,622

250,708

FY94

81,003341,317

4,007

426,327

41,00089%

13,10060%

155,38524,063

9,3987,643

196,489

113,58779,62198,848

292,056

9,926

301,982

FY95

78,444317,938

4,027

400,409

37,20088%

13,50065%

146,18024,174

9,4326,643

186,429

109,82678,70699,000

287,532

14,435

301,967

FY96

76,388308,608

4,005

389,001

37,20087%

12,90059%

143,66223,931

9,4366,695

183,724

110,47176,13871,910

258,519

14,437

272,956

FY98

71,892291,590

3,988

367,470

31,30085%

10,40054%

133,33223,388

9,3766,749

172,845

108,09871,97056,459

236,527

16,042

252,569

Armed Forces Manpower Trends, End Strength in Thousands(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Active duty military

Air ForceArmyMarine CorpsNavy

Total

Selected Guard and Reserve

Air National GuardAFRCArmy National GuardArmy ReserveMarine Corps ReserveNaval Reserve

Total

Direct-hire civilianb

Air Forcec

Armyc

Navy/Marine CorpsDefense agencies

Totalc

Numbers are rounded and may not sum to totals.aProgrammed manpower as of FY 2000 Clinton Administration DoD budget.bFull-time equivalents.cIncludes Army and Air National Guard technicians, who were converted from state to federal employees in FY 1969.

FY00

358480173372

1,383

10774

350205

4090

866

162219198120

699

FY01a

357480173372

1,382

10774

340205

4090

856

160214192116

683

FY94

426541174469

1,611

11480

397260

41108

998

263266188151

868

FY95

400509175435

1,519

11078

375241

41101

946

249249182142

822

FY96

389491175417

1,472

11074

370226

4298

920

238229176135

779

FY97

377492174396

1,439

11072

370213

4295

902

237214175135

760

FY98

367484173382

1,407

10872

362205

4193

881

174237211126

748

FY99

361479173373

1,386

10774

357208

4091

877

169227204120

719


Includes active Title 5 civilians with permanentappointments, US citizens only.

Excludes Title 32 technicians, temporary employees,and foreign/local nationals.

aScientific and Technical.

bSenior Executive Service (Includes ES, IE, and IP).

The Civilian Force(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Wage Grade

Grade

123456789101112131415161718

Total

Force

128583455209

1,5971,0661,7423,3733,129

13,0393,5011,590

21251

1000

30,676

Wage GradeLeader

Grade

123456789101112131415161718

Total

Force

010

51

15383682

213601103

59410000

1,168

Wage GradeSupervisory

Grade

123456789101112131415161718

Total

Force

1636244172

123161220891

1,086411238140159105

472716

3,813

GeneralSchedule/

Other

Force

0142272

1,0043,726

10,2636,4568,9071,233

12,224770

15,77018,22811,170

3,2681,294

00

26160442

95,355

Grade

123456789101112131415161718STa

SESb

Other

Total

Air Force Personnel Strength(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

2000 number is programmed.

Year

1970197119721973197419751976197719781979198019811982198319841985198619871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000

Year

1939194019411942194319441945194619471948194919501951195219531954195519561957195819591960196119621963196419651966196719681969

Year

19071908190919101911191219131914191519161917191819191920192119221923192419251926192719281929193019311932193319341935193619371938

Strength

31327112351

114122208311

1,218195,023

25,6039,050

11,6499,6429,441

10,5479,6709,674

10,07810,54912,13113,53114,78015,02815,09915,86116,24717,23319,14721,089

Strength

23,45551,165

152,125764,415

2,197,1142,372,2922,282,259

455,515305,827387,730419,347411,277788,381973,474977,593947,918959,946909,958919,835871,156840,028814,213820,490883,330868,644855,802823,633886,350897,426904,759862,062

Strength

791,078755,107725,635690,999643,795612,551585,207570,479569,491559,450557,969570,302582,845592,044597,125601,515608,199607,035576,446570,880535,233510,432470,315444,351426,327400,409389,001377,385367,470360,590357,777

Air Force Civilian Personnel:Average Age and Length of Service

Average length of service(overall)General scheduleFederal wage systemAverage age

17.2 years17.2 years17.6 years46.3 years

Oth

er

Min

ori

ties

Gra

de

To

tal

Bla

ck

s

Wo

me

n

Active Duty Force Demographics(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Officers

GeneralColonelLieutenant ColonelMajorCaptainFirst LieutenantSecond Lieutenant

Total

Enlisted

Chief Master Sergeantof the Air Force

Chief Master SergeantSenior Master SergeantMaster SergeantTechnical SergeantStaff SergeantSergeant/Senior AirmanAirman First ClassAirmanAirman Basic

Total

Total personnel

2723,937

10,25215,56025,696

6,9577,644

70,318

12,9495,873

28,39139,77869,64764,43648,92213,29812,874

286,169

356,487

9167710881

1,598565493

4,423

5571,1335,8747,975

12,20210,586

8,9322,4712,228

51,958

56,381

9302

1,2772,2754,8491,5041,624

11,840

294712

3,0824,606

10,71015,26312,453

3,7293,119

53,968

65,808

068

232548

1,721653828

4,050

69173

1,2161,9803,9055,8335,6441,5181,287

21,625

25,675

Average ages of military personnel: Officers 35, Enlisted 28Total does not include 4,103 cadets.


USAF Personnel byGeographic Area

(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Total militarypersonnel

US territory andspecial locations

Total in foreigncountries

Western and southernEuropeGermanyUKTurkeyItalySpainAll other countries

East Asia and PacificJapan/OkinawaSouth KoreaGuamAll other countries

Africa, Near East,South AsiaSaudi ArabiaEgyptAll other countries

Western hemispherePanamaCanadaAll other countries

Other areas

360,590

293,945

66,645

33,42614,811

9,4651,8614,263

2532,773

24,51913,581

8,6801,937

321

8,0425,119

742,849

610299

76235

48

Active Duty Force by Grade(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Grade

Officers

GeneralLieutenant GeneralMajor GeneralBrigadier GeneralColonelLieutenant ColonelMajorCaptainFirst LieutenantSecond LieutenantTotalCadets

Enlisted

Chief Master Sergeantof the Air Force

Chief Master SergeantSenior Master SergeantMaster SergeantTechnical SergeantStaff SergeantSergeant/Senior AirmanAirman First ClassAirmanAirman BasicTotal

Total strength

Number

113587

1393,937

10,25215,56025,696

6,9577,644

70,3184,103

12,9495,873

28,39139,77869,64764,43648,92213,29812,874

286,169

360,590

USAF Personnel Strength by Commands, FOAs, and DRUs(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Major commands

Air Combat Command (ACC)Air Education and Training Command (AETC)Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC)Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC)Air Force Space Command (AFSPC)Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC)Air Mobility Command (AMC)Pacific Air Forces (PACAF)United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE)Total major commands

Field Operating Agencies (FOAs)

Air Force Agency for Modeling and SimulationAir Force Audit AgencyAir Force Base Conversion AgencyAir Force Center for Environmental ExcellenceAir Force Civil Engineer Support AgencyAir Force Cost Analysis AgencyAir Force Flight Standards AgencyAir Force Historical Research AgencyAir Force History Support OfficeAir Force Inspection AgencyAir Force Legal Services AgencyAir Force Logistics Management AgencyAir Force Manpower & Innovation AgencyAir Force Medical Operations AgencyAir Force Medical Support AgencyAir Force News AgencyAir Force Office of Special InvestigationsAir Force Operations GroupAir Force Personnel CenterAir Force Personnel Operations AgencyAir Force Program Executive OfficeAir Force Real Estate AgencyAir Force Review Boards AgencyAir Force Safety CenterAir Force Security Forces CenterAir Force Services AgencyAir Force Studies and Analyses AgencyAir Force Technical Applications CenterAir Force Weather AgencyAir Intelligence AgencyAir National Guard Readiness CenterTotal FOAs

Direct Reporting Units (DRUs)

Air Force Communications & Information CenterAir Force Doctrine CenterAir Force Operational Test and Evaluation CenterUnited States Air Force Academy11th WingTotal DRUs

Other

Other active dutyUSAFA cadets

Total for all categories

Military

85,90665,40028,647

42818,210

9,13151,58032,28926,020

317,611

182

0398620

12784

113401

53113

6951

3431,434

212987

4232 01169

253100

73539604

10,735118

16,656

81176

5172,7611,6395,804

16,4164,103

360,590

Civilian

10,81713,93661,47314,720

4,139571

7,9918,4685,064

127,179

12882262370129

3427592921

12717816926

100421

71,005

201212355313

18620 0

1832,012

4286,652

66512

2061,933

8873,703

28,2060

165,740

Total

96,72379,33690,12015,14822,349

9,70259,57140,75731,084

444,790

30884262409215

54154

6733

134528

70194138

77443

1,855219

1,99262441246

122266286

93539787

12,747546

23,308

1,47688

7234,6942,5269,507

44,6224,103

526,330


On an exercise high in the moun-tains of Alaska, a pararescueman

practices rescuing “a downed pilotwith a broken leg”—actually anotherpararescueman. Pararescue person-nel come under the Aircrew Protec-tion career field, with the Air Force

Specialty Code 1T2X1.

Specialties in the Officer Force(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Total does not include 4,103 cadets. Percentages have been rounded.

Code

X011121314151621313233343536384X51526162636465718X9X

Utilization Field Title

Commander & DirectorPilotNavigatorSpace, Missile, Command & ControlIntelligenceWeatherOperations SupportAircraft Maintenance & MunitionsSecurity ForcesCivil EngineeringCommunications–Computer SystemsMWR & ServicesPublic AffairsPersonnelManpowerMedicalLawChaplainScientific/ResearchDevelopmental EngineeringAcquisitionContractingFinancialSpecial InvestigationsSpecial Duty IdentifiersReporting IdentifiersOtherTotal

Assigned

87212,316

4,5194,7242,753

7051,5733,961

7561,4344,124

339399

1,599314

12,9101,312

589955

2,3802,368

985900374

2,0745,079

470,318

Percent

1.217.5

6.46.73.91.02.25.61.12.05.90.50.62.30.4

18.41.90.81.43.43.41.41.30.52.97.20.0100

Percent

2.34.24.10.10.90.9

21.45.01.30.30.90.40.64.24.35.24.14.66.30.01.60.67.60.03.50.30.67.40.90.40.20.41.50.32.21.50.0100

Specialties in the Enlisted Force(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Code

1A1C1N1S1T1W2A2E2F2G2M2P2R2S2T2W3A3C3E3H3M3N3P3R3S3U3V4X4Y5J5R6C6F7S89

Career Field

Aircrew OperationsCommand Control Systems OperationsIntelligenceSafetyAircrew ProtectionWeatherManned Aerospace MaintenanceCommunications–Electronics SystemsFuelsLogistics PlansMissile & Space Systems MaintenancePrecision MeasurementMaintenance Management SystemsSupplyTransportation & Vehicle MaintenanceMunitions & WeaponsInformation ManagementCommunications–Computer SystemsCivil EngineeringHistorianMorale, Welfare, Recreation, & ServicesPublic AffairsSecurity ForcesPrinting ManagementMission SupportManpowerVisual InformationMedicalDentalParalegalChapel Service SupportContractingFinancialSpecial InvestigationSpecial Duty IdentifiersReporting IdentifiersUnassignedTotal

Assigned

6,58011,89311,783

4062,5912,462

61,16714,381

3,616793

2,6031,2741,706

12,15212,25514,86311,70613,13017,887

1064,7201,604

21,6860

10,149783

1,57721,233

2,7181,014

4461,2714,216

7456,3104,339

4286,169

Percentages have been rounded.

US

AF

ph

oto

by

TS

gt .

Jo

hn

K.

McD

ow

ell


Terms ExplainedFunding levels can be expressed in sev-eral ways. Budget authority is the valueof new obligations that the federal gov-ernment is authorized to incur. Theseinclude some obligations to be met inlater years. Figures can also be expressedin outlays (actual expenditures, some ofwhich are covered by amounts that wereauthorized in previous years).

Another difference concerns the valueof money. When funding is in current orthen-year dollars, no adjustment for in-flation has taken place. This is the actualamount of dollars that has been or is to bespent, budgeted, or forecast. When fund-ing is expressed in constant dollars, orreal dollars, the effect of inflation hasbeen factored out to make direct compari-sons between budget years possible. A

specific year, often the present one, ischosen as a baseline for constant dollars.

Normally, Congress first authorizes pay-ment, then appropriates it. Authoriza-tion is an act of Congress that estab-lishes or continues a federal program oragency and sets forth guidelines to whichit must adhere. Appropriation is an act ofCongress that enables federal agenciesto spend money for specific purposes.

Budgets

Air Force Budget—A 10-Year Perspective(Budget authority in current and constant $ millions)

Current dollarsMilitary personnelOperations and maintenanceProcurementRDT&EMilitary constructionFamily housingRev. and mgmt. fundsTrust and receiptsTotal

Constant FY01 dollarsMilitary personnelOperations and maintenanceProcurementRDT&EMilitary constructionFamily housingRev. and mgmt. fundsTrust and receiptsTotal

Percentage real growthMilitary personnelOperations and maintenanceProcurementRDT&EMilitary constructionFamily housingTotal

FY9122,75529,06124,04112,207

1,117888

1,672-485

91,257

30,85434,98928,12214,458

1,3021,0411,981-575

112,172

-0.34.1

-22.9-12.9-25.2

-2.3-7.0

FY9221,38122,81623,24912,867

1,2001,112

n/a-286

82,340

28,16728,46326,54614,852

1,3671,277

n/a-329

100,341

-8.7-18.7

-5.62.75.0

22.7-10.5

FY9320,14122,17921,80312,979

1,0531,212

n/a-221

79,146

25,40826,84324,38814,654

1,1771,361

n/a-249

93,580

-9.8-5.7-8.1-1.3

-13.96.6

-6.7

FY9418,16824,52517,71612,021

1,554923n/a

-33274,575

22,36929,03019,45513,331

1,7041,016

n/a-365

86,539

-12.08.1

-20.2-9.044.8

-25.3-7.5

FY9519,60224,56116,52911,787

8161,106

n/a-470

73,933

23,56328,77517,83212,822

8971,198

n/a-508

84,578

5.3-0.9-8.3-3.8

-47.417.9-2.3

FY9619,30923,51915,55812,427

1,2851,124

n/a-231

72,992

22,69026,92116,52513,265

1,3651,195

n/a-245

81,717

-3.7-6.4-7.33.5

52.2-0.3-3.4

FY9719,18622,72814,24714,017

1,5671,135

790-453

73,218

21,93125,36114,95414,733

1,6481,191

822-422

80,167

-3.3-5.8-9.511.120.7-0.3-1.9

FY9819,11125,17415,25814,265

1,5371,114

234-409

76,284

21,16027,14815,87514,855

1,6021,158

242-423

81,617

-3.57.06.20.8

-2.8-2.81.8

FY9919,35727,10718,43413,807

8621,0821,510-246

81,913

20,79628,74418,97414,223

8881,1151,548-253

86,035

-1.75.9

19.5-4.3

-44.6-3.75.4

FY0020,23525,83018,33014,487

1,4241,162

28-289

81,207

20,89027,15918,61514,725

1,4461,184

29-293

83,755

0.5-5.5-1.93.5

62.86.2

-2.7

Air Force Major Force Programs(Total Obligation Authority in FY01 constant $ billions)

ForcesStrategic ForcesGeneral-Purpose ForcesAirlift ForcesGuard and Reserve ForcesSpecial Operations ForcesTotal

SupportIntelligence & CommunicationsResearch & DevelopmentCentral Supply & MaintenanceTraining, Medical, & General PersonnelAdministration & OtherTotal

FY91

15.325.5

6.17.00.3

54.2

20.49.6

10.814.4

1.656.8

FY92

12.821.2

7.17.40.3

48.8

21.89.17.4

10.01.6

49.9

FY93

10.019.1

8.37.60.4

45.4

21.68.56.69.81.5

48.0

FY94

6.518.3

8.97.70.4

41.8

20.97.64.69.01.5

43.6

FY95

5.317.6

9.38.00.5

40.7

18.38.54.69.31.5

42.2

FY96

5.317.5

9.07.70.5

40.0

18.78.64.39.21.5

42.3

FY97

4.017.2

8.97.50.5

38.1

18.58.24.18.71.5

41.0

FY98

4.517.5

9.37.80.5

39.6

19.28.24.18.81.5

41.8

FY99

4.418.910.8

8.20.4

42.7

20.07.34.48.71.6

42.0

FY00

4.219.210.3

8.30.4

42.4

19.57.44.88.91.6

42.2


USAF

Service Shares

Per

cen

t o

f D

oD

Bu

dg

et

98969492908886848280787674727068

Fiscal Year

040200

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

5

0

-5

Defense Department Budget Topline($ billions)

FY99

278.4

292.6

261.4

274.6

FY00

279.9

287.8

277.5

285.3

FY01

291.1

291.1

277.5

277.5

FY02

294.8

288.6

284.3

278.4

FY03

300.9

288.2

293.0

281.2

FY04

308.3

288.3

301.9

282.9

FY05

316.4

288.8

315.8

289.0

Budget authority(current $)

Budget authority(constant FY01 $)

Outlays(current $)

Outlays(constant FY01 $)

Fiscal 2001 figures are those contained in the Clinton Administration’s budget request. Numbers have been rounded.

Service Shares(Budget authority, constant $ billions)

FY05

85.2

72.9

90.1

40.6

288.8

29.5%

25.3%

31.2%

14.1%

FY04

85.0

72.9

90.1

40.3

288.3

29.5%

25.3%

31.3%

14.0%

FY03

85.5

72.9

90.1

39.7

288.2

29.7%

25.3%

31.3%

13.8%

FY01

85.3

70.6

91.7

43.5

291.1

29.3%

24.3%

31.5%

14.9%

FY02

86.4

72.8

88.9

40.5

288.6

30.0%

25.2%

30.8%

14.0%

FY00

83.5

71.5

89.7

43.1

287.8

29.0%

24.8%

31.2%

15.0%

FY99

86.1

71.9

88.1

46.6

292.6

29.4%

24.6%

30.1%

15.9%

Air Force

Army

Navy

Defense agencies, DoD–wide

Total

Percent of budget authority

Air Force

Army

Navy

Defense agencies, DoD–wide

Army

Navy

DoD Agencies


Explanatory Note

Data for 1962–99 are historical. Data for 2000–01 are projec-tions. These four tables are based on “The Economic andBudget Outlook: Fiscal Years 2001–10,” published by theCongressional Budget Office, January 2000. (Constant dollarfigures are derived.)

Federal Budget CategoriesConstant FY01 $ billions

Year

1962

1963

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

TotalOutlays

$621.5

639.4

672.0

659.8

729.6

828.7

899.3

878.7

885.7

911.7

969.5

972.3

960.4

1,085.9

1,148.3

1,186.7

1,236.3

1,220.5

1,260.7

1,311.9

1,358.4

1,426.8

1,441.6

1,545.8

1,587.7

1,553.6

1,582.1

1,622.0

1,686.2

1,710.2

1,730.6

1,714.0

1,730.9

1,751.0

1,751.9

1,755.5

1,772.7

1,787.5

1,811.5

1,839.0

Deficit/Surplus

$41.9

28.0

45.0

10.9

20.5

80.8

170.6

2.9

48.0

138.0

135.3

74.3

34.8

220.4

265.5

176.1

180.5

114.3

189.2

174.6

266.8

447.7

383.2

441.6

465.2

319.4

351.6

354.9

455.8

506.4

520.1

445.6

373.8

318.9

238.3

138.2

39.2

+0.9

+23.6

+11.0

Entitlements

$201.9

208.0

220.6

221.6

235.4

267.8

301.4

309.7

328.3

376.9

423.6

459.0

466.7

553.9

584.4

591.0

613.2

598.4

621.7

656.5

675.4

724.7

686.3

732.2

740.2

733.7

750.7

779.4

843.7

906.9

896.9

895.6

927.8

944.6

962.0

982.6

1,006.8

1,025.2

1,044.5

1,071.0

Defense

$306.1

308.5

311.9

284.7

320.0

378.8

415.0

395.8

370.8

342.6

333.3

305.1

287.7

286.3

277.7

282.8

281.9

282.8

287.2

305.6

338.6

370.5

385.8

413.4

438.9

437.1

432.4

431.1

403.8

412.8

379.0

355.6

334.3

316.1

298.6

297.9

289.8

289.2

289.8

291.2

Federal Budget CategoriesCurrent $ billions

Defense

$52.6

53.7

55.0

51.0

59.0

72.0

82.2

82.7

81.9

79.0

79.3

77.1

80.7

87.6

89.9

97.5

104.6

116.8

134.6

158.0

185.9

209.9

228.0

253.1

273.8

282.5

290.9

304.0

300.1

319.7

302.6

292.4

282.3

273.6

266.0

271.7

270.2

275.5

283.0

291.2

Year

1962

1963

1964

1965

1966

1967

1968

1969

1970

1971

1972

1973

1974

1975

1976

1977

1978

1979

1980

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

Deficit/Surplus

$5.9

4.0

6.5

1.6

3.1

12.6

27.7

0.5

8.7

26.1

26.4

15.4

8.0

55.3

70.5

49.8

54.9

38.7

72.7

74.0

120.1

208.0

185.7

221.7

238.0

169.3

194.0

205.2

277.8

321.6

340.5

300.5

258.9

226.4

174.1

103.4

30.0

+0.7

+23.0

+11.0

Entitlements

$34.7

36.2

38.9

39.7

43.4

50.9

59.7

64.7

72.5

86.9

100.8

116.0

130.9

169.5

189.2

203.8

227.5

247.1

291.4

339.4

370.8

410.6

405.6

448.3

461.8

474.2

505.1

549.6

627.0

702.3

716.1

736.5

783.6

817.7

856.9

896.3

938.6

976.8

1,020.0

1,071.0

TotalOutlays

$106.8

111.3

118.5

118.2

134.5

157.5

178.1

183.6

195.6

210.2

230.7

245.7

269.4

332.3

371.8

409.2

458.7

504.0

590.9

678.2

745.8

808.4

851.9

946.4

990.5

1,004.1

1,064.5

1,143.7

1,253.2

1,324.4

1,381.7

1,409.5

1,461.9

1,515.8

1,560.6

1,601.3

1,652.6

1,703.0

1,769.0

1,839.0


Federal Budget Outlay CategoriesPercentages of GDP

25

20

15

10

5

062

CP

I p

erc

en

tag

e c

ha

ng

e

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

CPI=Consumer Price Index

Inflation Rates

% change

1.01.31.31.62.93.14.25.55.74.43.26.2

11.09.15.86.57.6

11.313.510.3

6.23.24.33.61.93.64.14.85.44.23.13.02.72.52.92.42.22.22.52.4

Year

1962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001

Defense

Entitlements

Other

72 82 92 01 62 01989592898683807774716865

Year

1962196319641965196619671968196919701971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001

Defense

9.28.98.67.47.88.99.48.78.17.36.75.95.65.65.24.94.74.74.95.25.86.15.96.16.26.15.85.65.25.44.94.54.13.73.53.33.13.02.92.8

Deficit/Surplus

1.00.71.00.20.41.63.20.10.92.42.21.20.63.54.12.52.51.52.72.43.76.04.85.45.43.63.93.84.85.45.54.63.73.12.31.30.30.0

+0.2+0.1

Entitlements

6.16.06.15.85.76.36.96.87.18.08.68.89.1

10.910.910.310.3

9.910.711.111.511.910.510.810.510.210.110.210.911.811.511.211.311.211.111.010.910.710.610.7

TotalOutlays

18.818.518.517.217.819.420.519.319.319.419.618.718.721.321.420.720.720.121.622.223.123.522.122.922.521.621.221.221.822.322.221.521.020.720.319.619.118.718.518.3


Hazardous Duty Pay(Effective Jan. 1, 2000)

Pay GradeO-10O-9O-8O-7O-6O-5O-4O-3O-2O-1E-9E-8E-7E-6E-5E-4E-3E-2E-1

Monthly Rate$150$150$150$150$250$250$225$175$150$150$200$200$200$175$150$150$150$150$150

Provided to qualified rated officers and flight surgeons.

Officers in pay grade O-7 are paid $200 per month. Officers in pay grade O-8 or above are paid$206 per month.

Continuous pay ends following the 25th year of service. Grades O-6 and below with more than25 years of service may receive $250 per month for continued operational flying.

Aviation Career Incentive Pay(Effective Jan. 1, 2000)

MonthlyRate

$585 495 385 250

Years of Serviceas an Officer

more than 22more than 23more than 24

more than 25

MonthlyRate

$125 156 188 206 650

840

Years ofAviation Service

as an Officer

2 or fewer more than 2more than 3more than 4more than 6

more than 14

Amounts have been rounded to the nearest dollar.aBasic pay for pay grades 0-7 through 0-10 is limited to $10,850.10, regardless of cumulative years of service.bCommissioned officers with more than four years’ active service as enlisted members.Basic pay while serving as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff or Chief of Staff of the Air Force is $12,488.70, regardless of cumulative years of service, but the generalofficer cap of $10,850.10 applies, as well.Basic pay while serving as Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force is $4,719, regardless of cumulative years of service.

E-9E-8E-7E-6E-5E-4E-3E-2E-1 4 mos.+E-1


Housing Allowance(Effective Jan. 1, 2000)

WithDependents

$1,113.601,113.601,113.601,113.601,002.60

966.60852.00704.70601.80538.20

757.50683.40631.50

723.60667.20619.50572.40514.80447.30416.40396.90396.90

PayGrade

O-10O-9O-8O-7O-6O-5O-4O-3O-2O-1

O-3EO-2EO-1E

E-9E-8E-7E-6E-5E-4E-3E-2E-1

WithoutDependents

$904.80904.80904.80904.80830.10799.50740.70594.00471.00396.90

641.10544.80468.90

549.00504.00430.50389.70359.40312.60306.60249.00222.30

Subsistence Allowance(Effective Jan. 1, 2000)

Officers

Enlisted Members

When on leave or authorized tomess separately

When rations in-kind are notavailable

When assigned to duty underemergency conditions where noUS mess facilities are available

E-1


EquipmentTotal Active Inventory (TAI): aircraft assigned to operating forces for mission,training, test, or maintenance. Includes primary, backup, and attrition aircraft.Primary Aircraft Inventory (PAI): aircraft assigned to meet Primary AircraftAuthorization (PAA).

Bomber

B-1B-2B-52Total

Fighter/Attack

A-10OA-10F-15F-16F-22F-117YF-15YF-117Total

Helicopter

HH-60HH/UH-1TH-53Total

Reconnaissance/BM/C3I

E-3E-4E-8E-9EC-18EC-130EC-135EC-137OC-135RC-135RQ-1U-2WC-135Total

Special Ops Forces

AC-130MC-130MH-53MH-60Total

Tanker

HC-130

Active Duty Inventory(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Type TAI PAI Type TAI PAI

732185

179

12393

614777

253

13

1,666

5463

6123

324503

22312

226

312

133

215538

4118

10

561449

119

11472

537687

444

03

1,461

4552

4101

283623

16212

168

290

116

194535

8107

9

KC-10KC-135NKC-135Total

Trainer

AT-38T-1T-3T-6T-37T-38T-39T-41T-43TE-8TU-2C-18C-135G-3G-4G-7G-9G-10G-11UV-18Total

Transport

C-5C-9C-12C-17C-20C-21C-32C-37C-130C-135C-137C-141NC-130VC-25Total

Total Active

59255

3327

93180110

1417416

33

1114223

1494123

1,279

812332551376

42

19142

10122

588

4,413

54229

3295

73118111

2330287

33

1004022

1084022

971

702338461275

42

16451

8522

529

3,699

20

7625

116584801

18

8

2

12223235

1323

122

2281

15276

1,360

18

721898

467655

15

5

0

10204214

1222

112

2180

16263

1,170

Air National Guard Inventory(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Type TAI PAI

Bomber

B-1

Fighter/Attack

A-10OA-10F-15F-16Total

Helicopter

HH-60G


EC-130

Special Ops Forces

MC-130

Tanker

HC-130KC-135Total

Transport

C-5C-21C-22C-26C-38C-130C-135C-141Total

Total ANG

Bomber

B-52

Fighter/Attack

A-10OA-10F-16Total

Helicopter

HH-60


WC-130

Special Ops Forces

MC-130

Tanker

HC-130KC-135Total

Transport

C-5C-130C-141Total

Total AFRC

9

272470

121

23

10

9

76976

32111

39182

430

8

396

60105

21

10

12

86472

289740

165

393

Air Force Reserve CommandInventory

(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Type TAI PAI


Total Number of USAF Aircraft in Service Over Time(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Type of aircraft

BomberTankerFighter/interceptor/attackReconnaissance/electronic warfareTransportSearch & rescue (fixed wing)Helicopter (includes rescue)TrainerUtility/observation/other

Total active dutyAir National GuardAFRC

Total active duty, ANG, and AFRCTotal aircraft, including

foreign-government-owned

FY98

179317

1,613211610

9165

1,24796

4,4471,351

430

6,228

6,327

FY93

225391

1,848241749

84203

1,15095

4,9861,653

543

7,182

7,276

FY94

178326

1,781225733

34189

1,188107

4,7611,586

468

6,815

7,028

FY95

183325

1,750318690

12123

1,205104

4,7101,461

462

6,633

6,725

FY96

185314

1,637257654

9174

1,19398

4,5211,426

447

6,394

6,476

FY97

177310

1,631252612

9178

1,23498

4,5011,375

454

6,330

6,412

FY99

179317

1,594211592

10165

1,24798

4,4131,360

430

6,203

6,302

Age of the Active Duty Fleet(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Age in Years

A/OA-10B-1B-2B-52C-5C-9KC-10C-12C-17C-18a

C-20C-21C-25C-32C-37C-130b

C-135b

C-137b

C-141b

E-3E-4E-8F-15F-16F-22F-117c

G-3G-4G-7G-9G-10G-11H-1b

H-53b

H-60b

RQ-1T-1T-3T-6T-37T-38T-39T-41T-43U-2UV-18Total

Percentd

0–3

2

28

42

4482

76

24

1

193

2%

3–6

13

1922

14

19

132

4

12

106110

415

9%

6–9

5

8

1

18

1

192

238

5621

20

50

493

11%

9–12

261

31

34

1

8

124285

114

621

6

522

12%

12–15

47

19

32

851

12

1

10793

4

14

388

9%

15–18117

198

33

25

9

12112

15

10

10

343

8%

21–24

19

31

13

6

4

275

2%

24+

853123

218293

1101

4

2

6338

417509

33

114

1,806

41%

Average17.812.3

5.137.817.828.514.719.8

3.312.611.914.7

8.91.00.8

27.137.716.232.919.825.3

3.013.8

9.11.78.48.6

14.014.012.6

4.64.2

28.726.8

9.41.74.94.60.2

36.232.538.629.525.516.015.520.5

aIncludes EC-18. bIncludes all types. cIncludes YF-117. dPercentages are rounded.

18–2199

51

10

1509

3

1

278

6%

Total216

7321858123593255

51376

242

301293

3101

3246

615777

256

314

9412

634458

6180110

1417509

33

1135

34,413


Age of the Air National Guard Fleet(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Age in Years

A-10B-1C-5C-21C-22C-26C-38C-130C-135C-141F-15F-16H-60TotalPercent

0–3

27

91%


21–24

76

766%

3–6

8

44

185

756%

6–9

4

25

502

816%

9–12

5

22

15811

19614%

12–15

15

23

31

224

27520%

15–1833

14

112

15912%

18–2168

19

3922

14811%

Average18.812.328.412.014.7

5.61.5

19.139.433.321.512.6

8.819.7

24+

13

88224

151

34125%

Total101

2013

23

122

250224

15116584

181,360

Age of the Air Force Reserve Command Fleet(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Age in Years

0–3

7

72%

3–6

24

246%

6–9

9

1625

6%

9–12

18

367

6114%

12–15

18

34

5212%

15–184

6

102%

18–2147

4711%

21–24

1

10.2%

24+

931556939

20347%

Average19.037.528.319.338.732.911.8

9.122.9


A-10B-52C-5C-130C-135C-141F-16H-60TotalPercent

Total51

932

13769397023

430

DMSP: Defense Meteorological Satellite Program DSCS: Defense Satellite Communications System DSP: Defense Support Program GPS: Global Positioning SystemSatellite data show the number of satellites that are mission capable.

ICBMs and Spacecraft in Service(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Type of system

Minuteman II ICBMMinuteman III ICBMPeacekeeper ICBM

Total ICBMs

DMSP satelliteDSCS satelliteDSP satellite (data classified)GPS satelliteMilstar

Total satellites

FY98

0530

50

580

25

—26

2

35

FY97

0530

50

580

25

—26

2

35

FY93

0500

50

550

25

—24—

31

FY94

0500

50

550

25

—24

1

32

FY95

0530

50

580

35

—25

2

35

FY96

0530

50

580

25

—26

2

35

FY99

0500

50

550

25

—26

2

35


USAF Aircraft Flying Hours(In thousands, as of Sept. 30, 1999)

Description

Minuteman over MassachusettsRed stripe with “Happy Hooligans” logoDark gray bison’s skull against prairie/mountain profileSubdued hawk with banner in talonsGray lightning boltBlack falcon with talons extended and “California” logoTexas star on subdued jagged stripes with “Houston” logoStars of Little Dipper constellation and “Duluth” logoBlack falcon with “Vermont” on subdued stripeStylized “Jersey Devil” and “New Jersey” logoSubdued eagle and “Oregon” logoStarburst state flag and “Arizona” logo

Air National Guard Air Defense Unit Fin Flashes

Aircraft

F-15A/BF-16A/BF-16A/BF-15A/BF-15A/BF-16C/DF-16C/DF-16A/BF-16C/DF-16C/DF-15A/BF-16A/B

Unit and Location

102nd FW, Otis ANGB, Mass.119th FW, Hector IAP, N.D.120th FW, Great Falls IAP, Mont.a

123rd FS (142nd FW), Portland IAP, Ore.125th FW, Jacksonville IAP, Fla.144th FW, Fresno Air Terminal, Calif.147th FW, Ellington Field, Texasa

148th FW, Duluth IAP, Minn.158th FW, Burlington IAP, Vt.a

177th FW, Atlantic City IAP, N.J.a

114th FS (173rd FW), Klamath Falls IAP, Ore.b

162nd FW, Tucson IAP, Ariz.b

aGeneral-purpose units (no longer air defense only).bANG training units.

USAF Squadrons by Mission Type(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Active duty

ANG

AFRC

Total

FY93

1,993

442

149

2,584

FY94

1,750

412

155

2,317

FY95

1,709

403

141

2,253

FY96

1,657

380

144

2,181

FY97

1,680

375

150

2,205

FY98

1,644

361

149

2,154

FY99

1,633

357

142

2,132

Active forcesBomberAir refuelingStrategic command & controlFighterReconnaissanceElectronic warfareSpecial Operations ForcesGround theater air controlAirborne theater air controlWeatherRescueTheater airliftLong-range airliftSpecial missionAeromedical airliftICBMSpace operationsSpace communicationsSpace warningSpace surveillanceSpace launchRange

Total

Reserve forcesANG Selected ReserveAFRCSpace operations

Total

Grand total

FY99

1024

246

03

138807

1220

23

1410

18652

204

8862

3

153

357

FY97

1023

154

43

165907

1317

23

1410

18652

213

8860

1

149

362

FY95

1024

154

43

155706

1215

23

1493

11952

214

8948

1

138

352

FY96

1023

154

43

165717

1215

23

1410

29752

212

8748

1

136

348

FY98

1025

247

03

138807

1120

23

1410

18652

205

8862

3

153

358

Aircraft per Active DutyUSAF Squadron

(As of Sept. 30, 1999)

Aircraft

A/OA-10B-1BB-2B-52C-5C-9AC-17C-130AC-130EC-130HHC-130P/NMC-130MH-53JMH-60GKC-10AKC-135C-141BE-3F-15F-15EF-16F-117AHH-60G

Number

12161020

structure of the - air force magazine...between march 9, 1942, and sept. 18, 1947, the army air...

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