structure ii_pertemuan 1_modul 1_bonita.pptx

8/12/2019 Structure II_Pertemuan 1_Modul 1_Bonita.pptx

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Pertemuan I: 2 Maret 2014

Modul 1 : Sentences and Clauses

Modul 2: Conjunctions (Unit 1)

Bonita Dilasari

Universitas TerbukaKorea Selatan


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Name: Bonita Dilasari

E-mail: [email protected]

University: Sejong University

Hometown: Bandung

Born in 1988


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A. Independent Clauses

B. Dependent Clauses

C. Types of Dependent Clauses


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Independent Clause (main clause):

Kelompok kata yang saling berhubungan

yang mempunyai subjek dan predikat dan

dapat berdiri sendiri sebagai kalimat yang

lengkap dan utuh.

Clause [noun; countable] : kelompok kata yang

saling berhubungan yang memiliki subjek dan

predikat.


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Rudy is my son.

I know that boy.

English is an international language.

I have been to Singapore.

We visited Kuta beach last year.


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Dependent Clause (subordinate clause):

Anak kalimat, mempunyai subjek danpredikat, tetapi tidak bisa berdiri sendirisebagai kalimat yang lengkap karena tidakmengekspresikan pemikiran yang lengkap.

Menggunakan subordinate conjunctions:who, that, whether, if, when, until, after,although, because, since, whereas, before.


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That he is a banker.

If you go by bus or by train.

After you arrive in Bali.

Whereas Anita is diligent.

Why he cried.


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Dependent Clause, dapat berfungsi

sebagai

Kata benda (noun clause)Kata sifat (adjective clause)

Kata keterangan (adverbial clause)


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1. Noun Clause

Dapat berfungsi sebagai:

Subjek

Objek kata kerja atau preposisi

Pelengkap

Subordinate conjunction yang digunakan:

That, whether, if, what,....etc.


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1. Noun Clause as subject

How he gets the money is his own affair.

What they did does not concern me.

2. Noun Clause as transitive object I dont know where he lives.

It is true that plants need water in order to live.

3. Noun Clause as complement My question is why you did not come last night.

My concern is how to pay the workers.

Karena sifatnya sebagai kata benda, noun clause bisa diganti dengan kataganti it.


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2. Adjective Clause

Berfungsi sebagai:

Kata sifat (menerangkan kata benda)

Relative pronouns yang digunakan:

which,who, whom, whose....etc.


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2. Adjective Clause

The boy who/that gave me the book isMr.Anwars son.

The car that he drives is very expensive.

He gave the money to the man who haddone the work.

Here is the book which/that describesanimals.


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3. Adverbial Clause

Berfungsi sebagai:

Kata kata keterangan (menjelaskan kata

kerja, kata keterangan, atau seluruh

kalimat)

Relative pronouns yang digunakan:

When, after, while, before, as soon as....etc.


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3. Adverbial Clause You may begin when you are ready.

While he was walking home, he saw an accident.

After she finished dinner, she went to bed. They sat down wherever they could find empty

seats.

Apabila adverbial clause terletak di awal kalimat, tanda koma (,) digunakanuntuk memisahkannya dari independent clause. Namun bila adverbial clauseterletak di akhir kalimat, tidak diperlukan tanda koma.


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A. Classification by Types

B. Classification by the Number of Full

Predications

Sentence [noun; countable] : kelompok kata yang

memiliki subjek, predikat, dan mengekspresikan

suatu informasi yang utuh.


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1. Declarative sentences (statement)

Carol is happy.

The child ate dinner.

I have just bought the books.


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2. Interrogative sentences (questions)

Did the child eat his dinner?

Is it your dictionary?

Are you Surya?


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3. Imperative sentences (commands and

request)

Stop that bus!

Be quite, please!

Help!


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4. Exclamation sentences (exclamation) What a good dinner that was!

What beautiful hair she has!

How beautiful she is! How far his house is!

What + countable/uncountable noun

How + adjective or adverbIf the noun in your sentence is plural, thecorrect choice is what, not how.


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4. Exclamation sentences (exclamation)

Feel the emotion in the sentence.

Example:

We're going to Hawaii! (excitement)

Oh, I didnt see you come in! (surprise)

I dont know what happened here!(confusion)

Stay out of my room! (anger)


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1. Simple sentence

Tedi bought a house.

Ratih is happy.

Ratih and Rita swim everyday.

(compound subject)

I like to swim and hike everyday.

(compound predicate)


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2. Compound sentence

a) The rain fell, and the wind blew.

b) I want to attend school, but my family needs me.

c) He was tired, so he went to bed.d) The players tried their best to win; however,I do not

expect them to win.

e) Mr. Sujudi is the richest man in his town; moreover,he is very generous.

a) to c) : main clause + coordinate conjunction + main clause

d) to e) : main clause + transition (; linking word,) + main clause


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3. Complex sentence

You should lock the doors before you

leave the house. Although John is a good athlete, he does

not spend too much time in sports.

Since that happend a long time ago, Iwould not hold it again.


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4. Compoundcomplex sentence

Although the farmers always work long

hours, they seem to enjoy their work, andthey usually have a long time rest during

the dry season.

Some people fell on other people, andsome people landed on the floor when

the bos stopped abruptly.

structure ii_pertemuan 1_modul 1_bonita.pptx

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