strengths and naming of acids + bases
DESCRIPTION
Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases. What is a strong acid/base? What is a weak acid/base? Naming Acids + Bases. Strength depends on …. how much acid/base ionizes in water refers to how many particles actually dissociate in water. Watch Links!. STRONG ACIDS. Completely ionize in water - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases
What is a strong acid/base?What is a weak acid/base?
Naming Acids + Bases
![Page 2: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Strength depends on …
• how much acid/base ionizes in water• refers to how many particles actually dissociate
in water
Watch Links!
![Page 3: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
STRONG ACIDS• Completely
ionize in water • HCl• H2SO4
![Page 4: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
WEAK ACIDS
• SLIGHTLY ionize in water
• Acetic Acid (vinegar) = HC2H3O2
![Page 5: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
STRONG BASES• dissociate into metal ions and hydroxide ions• NaOH, Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3
![Page 6: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
WEAK BASES• React with water to form hydroxide and conjugate• NH3
![Page 7: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
NEUTRALIZATION REACTION
This is how pure salts are made in the lab setting.
![Page 8: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Naming Bases• name of the first element plus hydroxide except
Ammonia (NH3)
Sodium Hydroxide - NaOHPotassium Hydroxide - KOHAmmonium Hydroxide - NH4OHCalcium Hydroxide - Ca(OH)2
Magnesium Hydroxide - Mg(OH)2
Barium Hydroxide - Ba(OH)2
Aluminum Hydroxide - Al(OH)3
Lithium Hydroxide - LiOH
![Page 10: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Naming Acids • To Name Acids with Simple Anions:• The first part of the name uses the prefix hydro. • This is followed by a the name of the simple
anion, which is shortened and - ic added – for example: chlorine (Cl-) would become chloric
• The last part of the name is the word acid
Hydrofluoric Acid - HFHydrochloric Acid - HClHydrobromic Acid - HBrHydroiodic Acid - HIHydrosulfuric Acid - H2S
![Page 11: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Naming Acids• To Name Acids with polyatomic
anions:• The first part of the name is the
name of the anion which is shortened.
• One of two suffixes added to this name. – ic if the anion name ends in – ate– ous if the anion name ends in – ite
• The last part of the name is acid
Nitric Acid - HNO3Nitrous Acid - HNO2Sulfuric Acid - H2SO4Sulfurous Acid - H2SO3
Phosphoric Acid - H3PO4Phosphorous Acid - H3PO3
Carbonic Acid - H2CO3Acetic Acid - HC2H3O2
![Page 12: Strengths and Naming of Acids + Bases](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022062222/56816611550346895dd959a2/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Writing Acid Formulas• Determine the anion present from the name. – Since the compound is an acid the cation ( positive ion ) is H
+ – Write down the formulas of the two ions. Make the value of
the charge on the negative ion the subscript on the hydrogen ion
• Example: Sulfuric Acid• sulfuric ------> sulfate --------> SO4 2- • acid -------> hydrogen --------> H +1 • PUT TOGETHER and CRISS CROSS Formula ---> H2SO4