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Description: Title page

Background: Photo collage

Text: The Rhythm of English

Color: Black Size: Large Font: Palatino

Audio: Music with obvious beat

Transition: Blend to next slide

NarrationNone

The Rhythm of English

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Description: Photo with narration

Background: Photo of band with people in foreground

Text: none

Audio: Narration

Transition: Blend to next slide

Narration

Like pieces of music, languages have different rhythms.

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Description: Photo with audio blend

Background: Photo of crowd

Text: None

Audio: Blend of many languages being spoken

Transition: blend

NarrationNone

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Description: Picture and narration

Background: Picture of of chocolate

Text: None

Audio: Narration

Transition: regular transition

NarrationFor example, Japanese and English have different stress patterns. Listen to these two men. One is a native Japanese speaker and one is a native English speaker. They are discussing what kind of chocolate they like.

Scene 5 of 19

Description: Screen capture video of sound visualization

Background: Black

Text: None

Audio: Two voices

Transition: blend

NarrationNone

Scene 6 of 19

Description: Screen capture still image of sound visualization

Background: Black

Text: Chocolate English/Japanese

Color: White Size: Medium Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: blendNarration

The rhythm of English and Japanese is different because English and Japanese use different stress and intonation patterns.

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Description: Animation with 4 states.

Background: Black

Text: Vocabulary, Grammar,Stress, Intonation

Color: 4 colors Size: Medium Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: blendNarration

(state 1-2)To understand and to speak another language, you must know more than its vocabulary and grammar. (state 3-4)You must also know how the language uses stress and intonation.

Vocabulary Stress

Grammar Intonation

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Description: Animation (3 states)

Background: Black

Text: Stress and Intonation, Meaning

Color: three colors Size: Large Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: regular transition

NarrationAll languages have stress and intonation but in English stress and intonation are more important for meaning than in many other languages.

Stress and Intonation ⇔ Meaning

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Description: Image and type

Background: Black and white

Text: Same as narration

Color: two colors Size: Small Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: regular transition

NarrationEnglish is a very rhythmical language. If you can maintain the rhythm of English, you will sound more natural and your pronunciation will be better.

English is a very rhythmical language. If you can maintain

the rhythm of English, youʼll sound more natural and your

pronunciation will be better.

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Description: Animated type (5 states)

Background: Black

Text: List

Color: 5 colors Size: medium Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: blend

NarrationMany factor are involved in English rhythm.

Word StressSentence StressTimingIntonationSound Modification

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Description: Animation (2 states)

Background: Black

Text: labels

Color: 5 colors Size: small Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: regular transition

Narration(state 1) Other modules in this series look at each factor in detail. (state 2)Here we will examine the timing of English.

word stressgraphic

sentence stressgraphic

timinggraphic

intonationgraphic

sound modification

graphic

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Description: Type animation (2 states)

Background: Black

Text: highlights of narration

Color: two colors Size: small and large Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: regular transition

NarrationEnglish is a stress-timed language. Stressed syllables occur at regular intervals. The time it takes to say a sentence depends on how many syllables receive stress in a sentence, not how many syllable are in a sentence.

English is stress-timed

How many syllables receive stress

NOT

How many syllables in the sentence

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Description: Type and graphicsBackground: Black

Text: highlights of narration

Color: green and blue Size: small Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration and spanish speaker and English speaker

Transition: blend

NarrationMany languages such as Spanish, French, Cantonese, and Polish are syllable-timed. Timing depends on the number of syllables in a sentence, not the number of stressed syllable

Spanish is syllable-timed

Syllable-timed graphic

Rhythm depends on how many syllables in a sentence

English is stress-timed

Syllable-timed graphic

Rhythm depends on how many syllables in a sentence

English is stress-timed

Rhythm depends on how many syllables in a sentence

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Description: Type animation (3 states)

Background: Black

Text: The books are on the table in Spanish and English

Color: green and blue, pink Size: small Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration plus spanish speaker and English speaker

Transition: regular transition NarrationIn English, the words and syllables that are not stressed, are reduced or said faster.

Spanish (syllable-timed)

Los Libros estan en la mesa.

English (stress-timed)

The books are on the table,

● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ●

● ● ● ● ● ● ●

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Description: Type animation (4 states)

Background: Black

Text: 1, 2, 3, 4

Color: 3 Size: small Font: Helvetica

Audio: Narration plus an English speaker

Transition: regular transition

NarrationThese four sentences take about the same amount of time to say in English.

The numbers are stressed. The unstressed words in between are said more quickly in order to keep the rhythm.

1 and 2 and 3 and 4

Animationand

Audio

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Description: Type animation (6 states)

Background: Black

Text: 1, 2, 3, 4

Color: 3 Size: small Font: Helvetica

Audio: Narration plus an English speaker

Transition: regular transition

NarrationHere is another example.

Only three words receive stress in all these sentences. Unstressed words in between are said more quickly or reduced in order to keep the rhythm.

Mice eat cheese

Animationand

Audio

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Description: Animated type (2 states)

Background: Black

Text: List

Color: 5 colors Size: medium Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: regular transition

NarrationThe stress-timed nature of English is only one of many factors that influence English rhythm.

Word StressSentence StressTimingIntonationSound Modification

Timing is one factorof English Rhythm

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Description: Animated type (4 states)

Background: Black

Text: List

Color: 4 colors Size: small Font: Palatino

Audio: Narration

Transition: blend

Narration(state 1) As you become aware of these factors, (state 2) you can practice listening for English rhythm (state 3) and you can practice speaking with English rhythm. (state 4) With practice and with time you will speak English naturally and fluently.

Awareness of English Rhythm

Practice listening for English Rhythm

Practice speaking with English rhythm

Time and practice = Natural, fluent English

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Description: Image and music

Background: Image

Text: none

Audio: Music

Transition: fade out

NarrationNone