stirling engine presentation, sample presentation

8/18/2019 Stirling Engine Presentation, sample presentation

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Power Generation Using

Stirling EngineBy


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Introduction

• In 1816, a Scottish Reverend, Robert Stirling won a patent on a hot air engine.

• It could convert heat to work (or vice versa) through repeated copression and e!pansion o"

the working "luid at di""erent teperature levels.

• #he stirling engine works on this concept.

• #his engine can be used to produce energ$ "ro heat or can be used to convert work into

heat energ$.• #he stirling c$cle on which the engine is based , has an e""icienc$ sae as that o" the %arnot

c$cle.

• It is siple and sa"e alternative to stea since there is no risk o" boiler e!plosion.


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Stirling Cycle

•Isothermal Compression. #he copression space is intercooled, so the gas undergoes near&isotheral

copression.

• Constant-Volume (known as isovoluetric or isochoric) heat-addition. #he copressed air "lows back

through the regenerator and picks&up heat on the wa$ to the heated e!pansion space.

•Isothermal Expansion. #he e!pansion&space is heated e!ternall$, and the gas undergoes near&isotheral

e!pansion.

• Constant-Volume (known as isovoluetric or isochoric) heat-removal. #he gas is passed through theregenerator, thus cooling the gas, and trans"erring heat to the regenerator "or use in the ne!t c$cle.


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Stirling Engine

• ' Stirling engine is a heat engine operating b$

c$clic copression and e!pansion o" air or

other gas, the working "luid, at di""erent

teperature levels such that there is a net

conversion o" heat energ$ to echanical

work.

• nlike the stea engines usage o" water as

the working "luid in both its li*uid andgaseous phases, the Stirling engine encloses a

"i!ed *uantit$ o" peranentl$ gaseous "luid

such as air or heliu.


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ypes !" Stirling engine

• #lpha Stirling

'n alpha Stirling contains two power pistons in separate c$linders,one hot and one cold. #he hotc$linder is situated inside the highteperature heat e!changer and the

cold c$linder is situated inside thelow teperature heat e!changer.

• Beta Stirling' beta Stirling has a single

power piston arranged within thesae c$linder on the sae sha"t as adisplacer piston.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Stirling_Animation.gifhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Alpha_Stirling.gif


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Gamma Stirling

' gaa Stirling is sipl$ a beta Stirling in which the power piston

is ounted in a separate c$linder alongside the displacer piston

c$linder, but is still connected to the sae "l$wheel.

$ree piston Stirling engines

In a "ree piston engine the piston reciprocates against a gas or etal spring

onl$, the displacer is copletel$ "ree or also acts against a spring.


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#lpha ype Stirling

• #he alpha Stirling engine consists o" two c$linders which have a + degree angle between their linear working paths. -oth pistons are connected at the sae point onthe cranksha"t and the two c$linders are connected b$ a pipe.

• 's with all Stirling engines the gas called the working "luid never leaves thesec$linders and pipes. #his working "luid is usuall$ air, h$drogen or heliu.

• #he two pistons are oined in such a wa$ that the$re in linear otion can betranslated into rotational otion which can be used to power a echanis like a power generator.

• #he heating c$linder would have an e!ternal heating source which could be a "uel burner or petroleu or it could be a renewable energ$ source like solar power.

• #he alpha Stirling engine is siilar to a two c$linder two stroke cobustion enginein that each c$linder produces a power stroke in one rotation o" the cranksha"t.


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Expansion

/ost o" the gas in the s$ste has ust been driven into the hot c$linder. #he

gas heats and e!pands driving both pistons inward.

rans"er

#he gas has e!panded (about 0 tiesin this e!aple). /ost o" the gas(about 20) is still located in the hotc$linder. 3l$wheel oentu carriesthe cranksha"t the ne!t + degrees,trans"erring the bulk o" the gas to thecool c$linder.


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Contraction

#he aorit$ o" the e!panded gas hasshi"ted to the cool c$linder. It cools

and contracts, drawing both pistonsoutward.

rans"er

#he contracted gas is still located inthe cool c$linder. 3l$wheeloentu carries the crank another

+ degrees, trans"erring the gas to back to the hot c$linder to copletethe c$cle.


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!%&ective o" our pro&ect

• 4eneration o" clean, renewable 5 econoical power using Stirling engine.

• #o "abricate a sel" sustained portable power generation unit.

• #his unit would help to produce clean power at low cost.

• #his unit a$ help to reduce the crisis o" low cost power generation units.


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!ur Pro&ect

• e have odi"ied a two stage copressor (17p), to work as an 'lpha t$pe stirling

engine.


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• e added two blocks, onein each c$linder betweenthe "lange and the head to

increase the volue in thec$linders, in order tocontain the workingediu under speci"ic pressure.

• e procured two solid blocks o" ild steel "ro anearb$ workshop and weachined these blocks as

per the designre*uireents in the collegeworkshop.


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• #he operations that were per"ored on the blocks toatch the design re*uireents were.

9rilling

-oring

#urning

' band t$pe heater was inserted in one o" the blocks.

#he heater used was a band t$pe asbestos lined, which was adeto order as per our design re*uireents.

#hread tapping was done on the head o" the hot side so that theteperature sensor can be inserted inside the c$linders.


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• It was "ound that the e!isting "l$wheel was unable to provide the re*uiredoentu so that the pistons would coplete the c$cle.

• It was decided that a wooden "l$wheel be "abricated, double the diaeter o" thee!isting "l$wheel and use it as a cobined unit so that the weight is increased and

the oentu is gained.

3abrication o" 3l$wheel


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%oplete nit


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Predicted 'esults

'ESU(S #I' )* +e +*

:iscosit$%oe""icient

( ).ʋ02s

+.;

4as %onstant(R).

>2?g? 8; +6.+ ;;.6


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%@C9I#I@C &

• /ean Aressure (A) D .< /pa

D =; psi

D < ?g2 c

• Swept volue at e!pansion

(7ot side) space D +8.;= c0

• 7ot side #eperature D 1=o%

• %old side #eperature D

1)


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%@C9I#I@C & 0

• /ean Aressure (A) D .= /pa

D ; psi

D = ?g2 c

• Swept volue at e!pansion

(7ot side) space D +8.;= c0

• 7ot side #eperature D 1=o%

• %old side #eperature D

1)


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Some #pplications o" our Pro&ect

• Solar power generation

• /arine engines

• 'utootive engines

• Cuclear power

• 7$brid electric drive s$ste or electric vehicles

• 'ircra"t engines


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$uture Scope

• In domestic "ield E #his will be a wa$ to ake electricit$, heat "or hoe and to produce doestic hot water.

• Industrial "ield E #he recover$ o" all energies released directl$ to the atosphereor into rivers can be used to heat engine and thus generate electricit$.

• ,erchant ships E Stirling engine used as the ean o" ain propulsion, can producean au!iliar$ source o" electricit$ and heating.

• In military "ield E se o" Stirling engine as an au!iliar$ source o" electricit$ "orsubarines and sur"ace vessels.


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'e"erences

- (iterature

'it >idge, Rick$ Raan, Sudheendra Sudhakaran, :ia$ Aillai, nder the 4uidance o" 9r. R.I.?. /oorth$

(1), ' proect report on developent o" low teperature Stirling engine.

33: international, Sweden (>anuar$ 1+8), portable power "ro a Stirling c$cle engine, Aopular echanics,

page ohansson, -o #orstensson, #.G. illias, illia 7. 7ou"an, Russell /onahan, Stirling Aower

S$stes %orp (1st 3ebruar$ 1+88), :16 Stirling engine progra update, S'B Aaper no 88=


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stirling engine presentation, sample presentation

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