STEPH

EN

KRASHEN’S

AFFECTI

VE

FILTE

R

HYPOTH

ESIS

BY KAVIRTANAA D/O GANESEN

LANG LEARNING VS LANG ACQUISITION

• Language learning - conscious process focused on grammatical rules of language

• Language acquisition - subconscious process that allows production of a language over time with less focus on rules.

• Krashen’s Affective filter hypothesis - most effective when dealing with students who are acquiring language rather than memorizing rules.

DEFINITION OF AFFECTIVE THEORY

• Shows that motivation, self-confidence, and anxiety all play a prominent role in language acquisition. These factors become crucial in the process of language acquisition, either heightening or interfering with a student’s ability to progress.

• Students highly motivated have strong sense of self, enter a learning situation with a low level of anxiety are more likely to be successful language acquirers

• Students with low level of motivation, low self-esteem, and high anxiety will encounter difficulity when it comes to acquiring language and will not be able to progress quickly as their peers.

LOWERING THE AFFECTIVE FILTER

• Teachers can provide a variety of activities and modes of instruction that will motivate students and reduce their anxiety levels. 

WAYS SUGGESTED• Provide both oral and written

instructions when possible. This will double a student's chances of completing the task correctly, thereby lowering anxiety.

• Provide activities that are interesting and intriguing. For example, discussing world events, popular culture, or new technology can be great ways to draw students in.

• Provide materials related to the students' real lives. For example, if the students are part of a specialized program such as an auto mechanic program or a cooking program, teachers can provide information that is related to these topics to keep students engaged.

• Allow for jokes and relaxed conversation at certain times

• Refrain from orally correcting students. Oral correction is generally not effective. Has negative side-effect of creating a classroom climate. Students will be reluctant to share ideas and answers out of a fear of being wrong.

• Reinforce the idea that language acquisition and development takes time and that students are not expected to be perfect in the beginning stages.

• Allow students to submit answers anonymously. Incorrect answers can be corrected without embarrassing the student who made the error.

• Allows each students that each person in the class is growing and developing. It is natural to make mistakes.

THANK YOU