Status of Rare Isotope Science Project in Korea

FB20 (Japan)

Status of Rare Isotope Science Project in Korea

FB20 (Japan)

08. 24. 2012

Young Kwan Kwon

The Institute for Basic Science

Young Kwan Kwon

The Institute for Basic Science

Brief History of RISP

• International Science Business Belt plan (2009.1) • The Institute for Basic Science is the core institute of

the ISBB plan• Under the IBS, a heavy ion accelerator facility is built –

The Rare Isotope Science Project (main research facility!)

• Preliminary Design Study (2009.3 - 2010.2)• Conceptual Design study (2010.3 - 2011.2)• International Advisory Committee (2011.7)• Institute for Basic Science(IBS) established (2011.11)• Rare Isotope Science Project(RISP) launched (2011.12)• Technical Advisory Committee (2012.5)• Baseline Design Summary (2012.6)• International Advisory Committee (2012.7)

1

LocationLocation

Daejeon

2

Bird’s-Eye View of IBS

3

Bird’s-Eye View of Accelerator Facility 4

Making Rare Isotope Beams

IF(In-Flight Fragmentation)Stable Heavy ion beam thin target projectile fragmentation (high energy)

ISOL(Isotope Separator On-Line)p thick target (eg. Uranium Carbide) target spallation or fission (low energy)

RI Ions Reacceleration

RI ion beam

Stopping

RI Beam

Fast BeamExperiment

Stopped Beam Experiment

(Traps)

CyclotronCyclotronProton 70 MeV, 70 kWProton 70 MeV, 70 kW

Driver LINACDriver LINACHeavy ion Heavy ion e.g. U : 200MeV/u, 200 kWe.g. U : 200MeV/u, 200 kW

5

RISP Accelerator ComplexECR-IS (10keV/u, 12 pμA)

LEBT

RFQ (300keV/u, 9.5 pμA)

MEBT

SCL1 (18.5MeV/u, 9.5 pμA)

SCL2 (200MeV/u, 8.3 pμA for U+78)(600MeV, 660 μA for p)

SCL3 (18.5MeV/u)

ECR-IS

RFQMEBT CB HRMS

RFCooler

ISOLTarget

Cyclotron (p, 70 MeV, 1mA)

IF Target

Fragment Separator

ChargeStripper

Driver Linac

Post AcceleratorIF system

ISOL system

μSRMedical research

Atom/Ion Trap Gas Catcher

High Energy ExperimentsNuclear StructureSymmetry Energy

Low Energy ExperimentsNuclear AstrophysicsMaterial Scienceβ-NMR

LEBT

High intensity RI beams by ISOL & IF70kW ISOL : direct fission of 238U by 70MeV, 1mA p400kW IF by 200MeV/u, 8.3pμA 238U

High quality neutron-rich RI beams132Sn with up to ~250MeV/u, up to 108 pps

More exotic RI beams by ISOL+IF

6

Accelerator System

Accelerator Driver Linac Post Acc. Cyclotron

Particle proton U+79 RI beam proton

Beam energy 600 MeV 200 MeV/u 18.5 MeV/u 70 MeV

Beam current 660μA 8.3 pμA - 1 mA

Power on target 400 kW 400 kW - 70 kW

Beam Parameters of Accelerator System

7

Rare Isotope Nuclear Science“Nuclear science is entering a new era of discovery in understanding how nature works at the most basic level and in applying that knowledge in useful ways”. - National Academy 2007 RISAC Report -

Double Magic 132Sn

rapid n-capture process (r-process)

Symmetry studies with FrSuper heavy element

Weakening of shell structure

Fission limits

Large neutron excess

Origin of heavy elements

Limit of nuclear stability?

Number of neutron

Num

ber o

f pro

ton

Known nuclei(yellow)

Stable nuclei(black)

In periodic table- Elements: ~100 - Stable isotopes: ~300- Unstable isotopes: ~ 3000Unknown isotopes: about 3000~6000 estimated

8

Base chart of the nuclei from RIA white paper

Nuclear structure 9

Discover unknown isotopesBetter understanding of system of nucleons at wide variation in the chart of nuclei

Number of neutron

Num

ber o

f pro

ton

Known nuclei(yellow)

Stable nuclei(black)

Discovery of unknown isotope

Neutron halo (6He)

Super heavy element

Origin of heavy elements

Nuclear astrophysicsTo understand the role of unstable nuclei in the nucleosynthesis

10

NebulaStar

Giant star

Red giant star

Red supergiant star

Planetarynebula

Supernova

Whitedwarf

Neutronstar

Black hall

Life Cycle of a Star

Synthesis of light nuclei

Synthesis of heavy nuclei

1) Study of the abundances and formation processes of elements in the stars

2) Identifying the formation process of energy generated in the stars

3) Identifying the structure of extreme neutron rich nuclides regarded as existing in the neutron star or super giant stars and their properties

Nuclear matter

Symmetry Energy of nuclei far from stability Neutron skin thickness, isovector giant dipole resonance,...The explosion of supernovae and formation of neutron starInner structure of neutron star

…

Heavy ion flowsProperty of hadron at dense neutron regionEquation of state (EOS) for hot and dense nuclear matter

Dense nuclear matter (Neutron star)

Hot nuclear matter(Bigbang, early of universe)

11

To understand the origin of matter, its evolution and overall structure of the universe

γ

γ

3. PET Image by Pair Annihilation

1. Bragg Peak of Heavy Ion Beam

2. Secondary Effect by Alpha Particledue to Rare Isotope Beam

Rare Isotope Beam

12Bio Medical Research

This cartoon referred to the brochure that was written by: Jeff E. Sonier Simon Fraser University Department of Physics 8888 University Drive Burnaby, British Columbia Canada V5A 1S6 e-mail: jsonier@sfu.ca

13Material Science

Key Science Drivers of RISP

• Highest priority research subjects– Nuclear reaction experiments important to nuclear-astrophysics : e.g.

15O(a,γ)19Ne, 45V(p,γ)46Cr– Search for super heavy elements : Z ~ 120– Nuclear structure of n-rich RI near N=126 – Nuclear symmetry energy at sub-saturation density

• Important applied science researches– Precision mass measurement & Laser spectroscopy– Material science : β-NMR, μ-SR– Medical and bio-science– Nuclear data for Gen-IV NPP and nuclear waste transmutation

14

Rare Isotope Beams

RI beam (ISOL)D

e-ex

cita

tion

by e

vapo

rtat

ionR

I bea

m(IF

)

Rar

e Is

otop

e B

eam

s

Origin of elements

Explore new element

RI beam application

Experiments by Using RI Beams 15

Selected RI beams for System Design 16

RI Beam species Energy Range Desired Intensity [pps] Research fields

132Sn, 144Xe > 100 A MeV 108, 106 Nuclear structure

15O < 10 A MeV< 30 keV

1010

108

Nuclear astrophysicsMaterial Science

26mAl < 15 A MeV 107 Nuclear astrophysics

45V 0.6-2.25 A MeV 107 – 109 Nuclear astrophysics

68Ni, 106Sn, 132Sn, 140, 142Xe 10-250 A MeV 109 Symmetry energy

6,8He, 12Be, 24-30O 50-100 A MeV 109 Nuclear Study with Polarized target

17N, 17B, 12B, 14-15B, 31-32Al, 34K 50-100 A MeV 109 Nuclear Study with

Polarized RI beam64Ni, 58Fe (stable) A few A MeV 1012 SHE

8Li, 11Be, 17Ne < 30 keV 108 Material science

133-140Sn < 60 keV 1 Atomic physics

8B, 9-11C, 15O ≥ 200 A MeV 107 – 109 Medical and Bio science

Essential experimental systems 17

Nuclear Structure

Nuclear Matter

Nuclear Astrophysics

Atomic physics

Nuclear data by fast neutrons

Material science

Medical and Bio sciences

Large Acceptance Spectrometer

Recoil Spectrometer

Atom & Ion Trap System

neutron Time-of-Flight (n-ToF)

β-NMR/NQR, mu-SRLaser Selective Ionizer

Heavy Ion Irradiation Facility

High resolution Detector System

- Design of the experimental facilities in conceptual level- User training program with the international collaboration

Recoil Spectrometer 18

Available experiments at the RISP Recoil Spectrometer

System requirements

Maximum magnetic rigidity (T·m)

Mass resolution (ΔM/M)

Momentum resolution (Δp/p)

Angular acceptance (mrad)

Background reduction

~ 1.5

< 0.5 %

~ 0.05 %

< ± 100

< 10-15

Physics topics Measurements

rp-process radiative capture, transfer reaction, elastic/inelastic scattering

s- & r-process transfer reaction (d,p), decay measurement

neutron drip line studies, halo nuclei transfer reaction, scattering

proton drip line studies transfer reaction, fusion-evaporation reaction

Main facility for nuclear and nuclear-astro physics exp. with low E beams

Wien Filter

F0F1 F2

F3

F4

F5F6

Low energy beam scheme

Low E experimental hall up to 18MeV/nucleon

n-rich RI beams (A= 80~140) from ISOL

Wien Filter

F0F1 F2

F3

F4

F5F6

- (d,p) reactions for r-process- Recoil tagging by recoil spectrometer

RI beams

Recoil tagging

Reaction

- ΔE-E telescope array @ F0

RI beams Recoils

Detectorsprotons

Experiments using RI beams (I)

SHE search with SI beams (64Ni, 58Fe)

- Hot fusion reactions : (Actinide target) + (intense SI beams) Z=116~122

232Th + 58Fe → 290-x116 + xn, 232Th + 64Ni → 296-x118 + xn244Pu + 58Fe → 299120 + 3n, 238U + 64Ni → 299120 + 3n

19

Experiments using RI beams (II)Recoil separation with p-rich RI beams from ISOL system

Wien Filter

F0F1 F2

F3

F4

F5F6

- radiative capture reactions : (p,γ), (α,γ) reactions- background reduction ~ 10-15

- gamma-array @ F0, recoil detection @ F6

RI beams

Recoil separationReaction

RI beams Recoils

Gamma-arrayγ-rays

Recoil detection

20

RI beam production and ExperimentsBy in-flight method

Wien Filter

F0F1 F2

F3

F4

F5F6

- SI beams (up to 18 AMeV) - RI beam production (up to A~80) @ F0 and separation: cannot be produced via U-fission

- Intensity > 106 pps- Purity ~ 100%

SI beams

RI beams

Production reaction

Secondary reaction - elastic/inelastic scattering- transfer reaction - (α,p) reaction

up to A~80

21

Large Acceptance Spectrometer 22

Physics goalSensitivity of observables for symmetry energy

• Pygmy Dipole Resonance• Flow• Particle yield and ratio (e.g p/n, π-/π+, 3H/3He, etc.)• Etc.

With state beam (238U up to 200A MeV) & unstable beam (132Sn up to 250A MeV)

E < 20A MeV E > 20A MeV

Precision mass measurementPrecision mass measurement

Atomic and nuclear physics

Combined collinear laser spectroscopyCombined collinear laser spectroscopy

DeflectorCharge

Exchange Cell

Optical Detection/Pumping/

IonizationDeflector

Ion beam

LaserTo other exp.

Deflector β-NMR

Ion Detection

Double MOT system for Standard Model testDouble MOT system for Standard Model test

23

Magnet

Cold Finger Cryostat

Window

Energy controller

Pumping System

Beam Focusing

Detector

Target (RF coil)

β-NMR

Target PureIon

Source

Laser System

Radioactive IsotopeLaser Spectroscopy

Radiation Shield

Pumping Laser sys.

Dye or Ti:SLaser Sys

HarmonicGenerator

Laser Controller

High purity laser ion source

β-NMR/NQR and μSRHigh purity laser ion source

Material Science 24

μSR

Beam line design- Electromagnet and power supply system- Beam diagnostics system- Vacuum system- Cooling system - Sample target system- Control system

25

Applied beam line

Bio-Medical Science

Specification- Irradiation from perpendicular beam line- Beam irradiation size : 5~20 cm- Beam window for atmosphere irradiation- Cooling system to prevent heat - Beam energy degrader for control

LoIs from domestic users

Science classification• Nuclear science• Atomic & Molecular science• Material science• Medical & Bio science

Facility specifications• Beam specifications

(energy, intensity, pulse width …)• Specifications of experimental facilities

Refinement• Based on Realistic modificationof specifications

• LoIs for specified experiments (domestic + foreign)

R&D and Installation• Spectrometer• Detection system• Beam line• Apparatus for applied sciences

DayDay--1 experiments1 experiments

Upgrade and extensionUpgrade and extension

• Science program with RI beams up to 200 AMeV

• 83 LoI’s (nuclear/astrophysics, nuclear data, standard model, biomedical, mass measurement, material science, ERD analysis)

2009

2010~

2011

2011~

2013

2013~

2017

2018

2012~

2013

We are here!!!

Plan for RI science at RISP 26

Schedule

BaselineDesignSummary

TechnicalDesignReport

Main ComponentProductionStart

InstallationStart

27

We are here!!

Thank you for your attention