state of new york county of orleans health … · precautionary quarantine, mandatory quarantine...

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STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH DEPARTMENT In the Matter of The Precautionary Quarantine of (your name): Pursuant to Section 2100 of the Public Health Law PAUL PETTIT, ORLEANS COUNTY PUBLIC HEALTH DIRECTOR’S ORDER WHEREAS, COVID-19 (formerly called 2019 Novel Coronavirus or 2019 nCoV) is an infectious disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 and associated with fever and signs and symptoms of pneumonia or other respiratory illness, appears to be transmitted from person to person predominantly through droplet transmission and, if spread in the population, could have significant public health consequences; and WHEREAS, COVID-19 is believed to have emerged as a human pathogen in China in December 2019; WHEREAS, on January 30, 2020 the World Health Organization designated the COVID- 19 outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, advising that further cases may appear in any country; and WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, Health and Human Services Secretary Alex M. Azar II declared a public health emergency for the entire United States to aid the nation’s healthcare community in responding to COVID-19; and WHEREAS, Section 2100 of the Public Health Law mandates that all local health officers, being Commissioners of Health and Public Health Directors, as the case may be, of County Health Departments, guard against the introduction of such communicable diseases as are designated in the State Sanitary Code, by the exercise of proper and vigilant medical inspection and control of all persons and things infected with or exposed to such diseases; and Page 1 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

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Page 1: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

STATE OF NEW YORK

COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH DEPARTMENT

In the Matter of

The Precautionary Quarantine of (your name):

Pursuant to Section 2100 of the Public Health Law

PAUL PETTIT, ORLEANS

COUNTY PUBLIC HEALTH

DIRECTOR’S

ORDER

WHEREAS, COVID-19 (formerly called 2019 Novel Coronavirus or 2019 nCoV) is an

infectious disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2 and associated with fever and signs and

symptoms of pneumonia or other respiratory illness, appears to be transmitted from person to

person predominantly through droplet transmission and, if spread in the population, could have

significant public health consequences; and

WHEREAS, COVID-19 is believed to have emerged as a human pathogen in China in

December 2019;

WHEREAS, on January 30, 2020 the World Health Organization designated the COVID-

19 outbreak as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, advising that further cases

may appear in any country; and

WHEREAS, on January 31, 2020, Health and Human Services Secretary Alex M. Azar II

declared a public health emergency for the entire United States to aid the nation’s healthcare

community in responding to COVID-19; and

WHEREAS, Section 2100 of the Public Health Law mandates that all local health

officers, being Commissioners of Health and Public Health Directors, as the case may be, of

County Health Departments, guard against the introduction of such communicable diseases as

are designated in the State Sanitary Code, by the exercise of proper and vigilant medical

inspection and control of all persons and things infected with or exposed to such diseases; and

Page 1 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

Page 2: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

Page 2 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

travelers indicating that all travelers entering New York who have recently traveled within a state

WHEREAS, as of June 24, 2020, the NYSDOH has issued guidance on out-of-state

property or come within six (6) feet of other persons;

family dwelling locations, if the quarantined person goes outside, they should not leave their

in a location to be determined by public health authorities. For persons quarantined at single

someone who is positive, but who are not themselves displaying symptoms shall be quarantined

Local Health Departments (LHD)”, and that persons who have been in close contact (6 ft.) with

Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all

(NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Interim Containment Guidance:

"WHEREAS, as of March 6, 2020, the New York State Department of Health

a location to be determined by public health authorities” with “no public activities";

Community Settings.” That guidance indicates, among other things, that quarantine should be “in

with Potential 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Exposure in Travel-associated or

issued “Interim US Guidance for Risk Assessment and Public Health Management of Persons

WHEREAS, as of March 7, 2020, the federal Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has

contacts and/or incidental contacts to premises designated by the health officer”;

WHEREAS, 10 NYCRR 2.25(f) defines “personal quarantine” as “restricting household

Sanitary Code through the adoption of emergency regulations amending 10 NYCRR Section 2.1;

Council ratified the designation of COVID-19 as a communicable disease under the York State

WHEREAS, on February 6, 2020 the New York State Public Health and Health Planning

communicable disease under the State Sanitary Code;

Zucker, as Commissioner of Health of the State of New York, designated COVID-19 as a

WHEREAS, on February 1, 2020, pursuant to 10 NYCRR Section 2.1(a), Dr. Howard A.

Page 3: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

Page 3 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

home.

shortness of breath) while working, they should immediately stop work and isolate at 7. If personnel develop symptoms consistent with COVID-19 (e.g., fever, cough, or need to wear a facemask;

environmental controls in place to ensure adequate separation is maintained, and do not 6. Personnel whose job duties permit a separation of greater than 6 feet should have while working for 14 days following the last exposure;

5. Personnel required to interact with individuals within 6 feet should wear a facemask assess for symptoms) twice a day when at home;

and at least every 12 hours while at work, and self-monitor (i.e. take temperature,

4. Personnel undergo temperature monitoring and symptom checks upon arrival to work Personnel quarantine themselves when not at work;3.

Personnel are asymptomatic;2.

Working from home would not be feasible for job duties;1.

workplace setting if all of the following conditions are met:

personnel who have been placed under quarantine can be permitted to work in the required

WHEREAS, on March 31, 2020, the NYSDOH guidance indicates that essential

CDC’s guidance issued on March 7, 2020, and the NYSDOH guidance issued on March 6, 2020;

community spread, and therefore movement restrictions are appropriate consistent with the

SARS-CoV-2 infection; or as being an out-of-state traveler from a state with significant

being either a proximate contact within the past 14 days of a person with laboratory-confirmed

WHEREAS, the CDC and/or other federal or state authorities have identified you as

https://coronavirus.health.ny.gov/covid-19-travel-advisory;

for quarantine”, with states currently meeting these threshold rates listed at

required to quarantine for a period of 14 days consistent with Department of Health regulations

residents, or higher than a 10% test positivity rate, over a seven day rolling average, will be

travelers entering New York from a state with a positive test rate higher than 10 per 100,000

WHEREAS, effective as of June 25, 2020, NYS Executive Order 205 requires that, “All

for a period of 14 days consistent with the NYSDOH regulations for quarantine;

designated by NYSDOH as having significant community spread will be required to quarantine

Page 4: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

NOW, THEREFORE, by virtue of the authority vested in me by section 2100 of the Public

Health Law of the State of New York and 10 NYCRR 2.25(f) as Public Health Director of Orleans

County, I do hereby:

ORDER that, effective upon your receipt of this order, you are hereby directed to travel

directly to, if not already located there, and remain quarantined at

______________________________________________________________________________

as a result of having been exposed to a communicable disease as defined in 10 NYCRR Section

2.1, specifically COVID-19, consistent with the CDC guidance issued on March 7, 2020 and the

NYSDOH guidance issued on March 6, 2020 as described above, until you have been discharged

from mandatory quarantine by the Public Health Director as provided in Section 2123 of the Public

Health Law.

FURTHER, I DO HEREBY give notice that you have a right to be represented by legal

counsel or to have counsel provided and that if you qualify to have counsel provided, such counsel

will be made available. Moreover, you may supply to the County Health Department the addresses

and/or telephone numbers of friends and/or relatives to receive notification of your quarantine. At

your request, the County Health Department shall provide notice to a reasonable number of such

persons that you are being quarantined.

ORLEANS COUNTY, NEW YORK

DATED:

______________________________________________

Paul Pettit

PUBLIC HEALTH DIRECTOR

COUNTY OF ORLEANS

Page 4 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

Page 5: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

Orleans County Health Department

14016 Route 31 West Suite 101, Albion, NY 14411 Phone (585) 589-3278 Fax (585) 589-2873

Paul A. Pettit, MSL Brenden A. Bedard, MPH Public Health Director Deputy Director

COMMUNICABLE DISEASE PRECAUTIONARY QUARANTINE INSTRUCTIONS AND ATTESTATION

A person under precautionary quarantine will check each box after review, and sign the attestation at the end of this form. The completed form may be requested and reviewed by the Orleans County

Health Department at any time during the precautionary quarantine

_______ I will remain in quarantine until fourteen (14) days after being in a state identified for travel restrictions by New York State, or my last exposure to a COVID-19 positive person. During this time, I will carefully monitor and report any COVID-19 symptoms. These symptoms include:

Fever

Cough

Shortness of breath

Chills

Headache

Loss of taste/smell

Muscle aches

Abdominal pain

Diarrhea

Sore throat

Dehydration

Fatigue

Chest pain

Wheezing

Runny nose _______ I understand that to prevent transmission of COVID-19, if I or members of the household develop COVID-19 symptoms, we will call the physician’s office, clinic, or hospital emergency department to alert healthcare workers prior to seeking treatment AND contact the Orleans County Health Department at 585-589-3278. _______ I understand that during the quarantine period I must:

Sleep in a separate bedroom and use a separate bathroom from other household members not subject to precautionary quarantine

Keep cleaning supplies in any shared bathroom in the house

Have food delivered to my quarters

Not share any food or beverage with other members of the household

Ensure my eating and drinking utensils are washed with hot water and a household dishwashing detergent

If not symptomatic, keep face masks on hand to begin wearing immediately if I become symptomatic

_______ If I develop COVID-19 symptoms, I will also adhere to the following additional provisions:

Wear face masks when in the same room as other household members. If I cannot wear a surgical mask, others in the same room will be asked to wear a surgical mask or respirator.

My bed linens, towels, and personal clothing will not be shared with other members of the household. Clothes and linens will be washed in soapy water.

All members of my household will wear gloves on both hands when they have contact with my respiratory secretions (lung or nasal), blood, and all other body fluids (e.g. urine, feces, wound drainage, etc.). Alcohol-based hand hygiene products may be substituted for hand washing with soap and water after removing the gloves, IF the hands are not visibly soiled. Gloves shall not be reused and shall be discarded immediately after removal.

Page 5 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

Page 6: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

_______ I understand that only those persons authorized by the Orleans County Health Department may enter my home during the quarantine period. Those who enter the home without prior authorization from the Orleans County Health Department may be subject to isolation or quarantine themselves. _______ I will notify friends and relatives that they are not to visit my home until further notice. _______ I understand that I can walk outside on my property, but I am not permitted to come within six (6) feet of neighbors or other members of the public. If I live in a multiple dwelling complex, I am not permitted to leave my unit. _______ I will take my temperature twice daily. An Orleans County Health Department representative may contact me at regular intervals for these temperatures. _______ I understand that the Orleans County Health Department may assist with the delivery of basic essentials to my home, if I am not able to obtain these items myself. _______ I, or my legal guardian, may contact the Orleans County Health Department at 585-589-3278 to seek relief from, clarification of, or further explanation of the conditions contained in any part of this agreement. _______ Based on this and related documents, including the NYS COVID-19 Travel Advisory found at https://coronavirus.health.ny.gov/covid-19-travel-advisory, I have read and been educated about the COVID-19 disease, the reasons for my quarantine, and the length of time I can expect to be restricted from certain activities. By signing below, I attest to the terms and conditions of the agreement as indicated above. _________________________________ _________________________________ My signature Date of attestation _________________________________ _________________________________ Date of my last exposure or NYS restricted travel Date 14 days after my last exposure or NYS

restricted travel

Page 6 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

Page 7: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

GENESEE AND ORLEANS COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENTS

Paul A. Pettit, MSL Brenden A. Bedard, MPH Public Health Director Deputy Public Health Director

Subject: Important Message from Orleans County Health Department

To Whom It May Concern,

You are receiving this communication from the Orleans County Health Department (OCHD) because

you, or a member of your family, have been diagnosed with COVID-19, been identified as a contact

to a person who has been diagnosed with COVID- 19 or meet current guidelines for COVID-19

quarantine, including international travel restrictions or New York State Travel Advisory restrictions.

If you or your family member has been identified as a contact, this does not mean that you or your

family member will get the coronavirus. Testing for individuals without symptoms is not necessary.

Should you, or your family member, come down with respiratory symptoms, please contact your

primary care provider and notify the OCHD.

In accordance with current public health law and guidance from the CDC and New York State

Department of Health, the Orleans County Health Department is requiring you or your family member

to remain at home until released from either mandatory quarantine or isolation, or until the end

of a 14-day precautionary quarantine.

ISOLATION vs. MANDATORY QUARANTINE vs. PRECAUTIONARY QUARANTINE

Isolation is the practice of limiting the movement of a person known to be ill with an infectious disease

until they are no longer contagious, to limit the potential spread of the disease in the community.

What does isolation mean?

Individuals under isolation must have NO CONTACT with any other household members. This

means no sharing of bedrooms, bathrooms, or any living spaces.

Quarantine is the practice of limiting movement of a person who is potentially exposed to an infectious

disease for period of time to limit the potential for spread of the disease in the community.

What does mandatory quarantine mean?

Individuals under quarantine should remain separate from the rest of their non-quarantined, non-

isolated family in their own bedroom, with a bathroom to themselves. If sharing a bathroom, it

must be cleaned after every use.

Individuals under quarantine should not have face to face contact with family members closer

than 6 feet for a 14 day period.

Individuals under quarantine should be closely monitored for symptoms such as a temperature

above 100.4, cough, or other signs of feeling unwell. If such signs and symptoms occur, they

should immediately contact their primary care provider and the OCHD for guidance.

Page 7 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

Page 8: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

Other individuals residing in the home are not quarantined or under isolation and can go about

their daily business as usual.

Staff from the OCHD will be reaching out each day to check to ensure appropriate

quarantine measures are being implemented.

What does precautionary quarantine mean?

Precautionary Quarantine is exactly the same as Mandatory Quarantine, except that OCHD will not be

directly involved in monitoring for symptoms or implementation of appropriate measures. In addition,

Mandatory Quarantine requires release from OCHD, as opposed to the set 14 days of Precautionary

Quarantine.

A Precautionary Quarantine may transition to a Mandatory Quarantine at any time for any reason at the

discretion at the discretion of the OCHD. Should this happen, written and verbal notice will be provided to

the individual.

We appreciate your cooperation on this. If you have any questions, please call 585-589-3278

Sincerely,

Orleans County Health Department

Page 8 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

Page 9: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

Interim Guidance for Cleaning and Disinfection of Public and Private Facilities for COVID-19

March 10, 2020 To help prevent spread of COVID-19, procedures and supplies should be in place to encourage proper hand and respiratory hygiene as well as routine cleaning and disinfection of high-risk locations. This guidance is provided for any local or state public or private facility so that owners, operators and other individuals can incorporate these procedures into their facility protocols. Background: In December 2019, a new respiratory disease called Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) was detected in China. COVID-19 is caused by a virus (SARS-CoV-2) that is part of a large family of viruses called coronaviruses. Hand Hygiene: Signage with handwashing procedures should be posted in prominent locations promoting hand hygiene.

• Regular hand washing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds should be done: o Before and after eating. o After sneezing, coughing, or

nose blowing. o After using the restroom. o Before handling food. o After touching or cleaning surfaces that may be contaminated. o After using shared equipment and supplies like electronic equipment such as

keyboards, mice and phones. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. Use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers by children should always be supervised by adults. Respiratory Hygiene:

• Covering coughs and sneezes with tissues or the corner of elbow. • Disposing of soiled tissues immediately after use.

What steps should be taken to clean and disinfect

against COVID-19? Now: All settings should continue performing routine cleaning. High-risk locations (see below) warrant cleaning and disinfection on a regular schedule.

If an individual with laboratory confirmed COVID-19 was symptomatic while in a facility: Clean and disinfect throughout the area.

Page 9 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

Page 10: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

Routine Cleaning: As part of standard infection control practices, routine cleaning should be rigorous and ongoing, and time should be allocated for individuals to routinely clean. Surfaces touched most frequently should be prioritized for routine cleaning because these surfaces can be reservoirs for germs and an exposure pathway for transmission to people through contact with these surfaces. Examples of priority areas for routine cleaning include:

• High contact surfaces that are touched by many different people, such as light switches, handrails and doorknobs/handles.

• Dust- and wet-mopping or auto-scrubbing floors.

• Vacuuming of entryways and high traffic areas.

• Removing trash. • Cleaning restrooms. • Wiping heat and air conditioner vents. • Spot cleaning walls. • Spot cleaning carpets. • Dusting horizontal surfaces and light

fixtures. • Cleaning spills. • Regular cleaning and laundering of linens.

Identify and routinely clean and disinfect high-risk locations even before a confirmed case of COVID-19 occurs. Examples of high-risk locations include:

First Aid Station / Health Office: • Clean and disinfect health cots regularly

(after each use) • Cover treatment tables and use pillow protectors • Discard or launder coverings after each use

Restrooms

• Clean and disinfect all restroom surfaces, fixtures, door knobs, push plates, and switches (at least once daily).

Examples of frequently touched surfaces: • Desks and chairs; • Counters, tables and chairs; • Door handles and push plates; • Handrails; • Kitchen and bathroom faucets; • Appliance surfaces; • Light switches; • Handles on equipment (e.g., carts); • Remote controls; • Shared telephones; • Shared computers, keyboards and

mice • Shared electronics and phones • Shared computer keyboards and

mice.

Note: Computer keyboards are difficult to clean due to the spaces between keys and the sensitivity of its hardware to liquids. When shared, they may contribute to indirect transmission. Locations with community use computers should provide posted signs regarding proper hand hygiene before and after using the computers to minimize disease transmission. Also, consider using keyboard covers to protect the hardware against spills and facilitate cleaning.

Page 10 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

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Dining Areas • Clean and disinfect counters, tables, and chairs regularly (at least once daily).

Other Frequently Touched Surfaces • Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces on a periodic schedule as

operational considerations allow, which may range from at least daily to up to 72 hours.

Cleaning and Disinfection: Cleaning removes germs, dirt and impurities from surfaces or objects. Disinfecting kills germs on surfaces or objects. Individuals should use any protective equipment (e.g. gloves) as recommended on product labels. Carefully read and follow all label instructions for safe and effective use.

Step 1: Cleaning: Always clean surfaces prior to use of disinfectants in order to reduce soil and remove germs. Dirt and other materials on surfaces can reduce the effectiveness of disinfectants. Clean surfaces using water and soap or detergent to reduce soil and remove germs. For combination products that can both clean and disinfect, always follow the instructions on the specific product label to ensure effective use. In New York State, all state agencies and state authorities are required to use green cleaning products. For additional information on the laws regarding the use of green cleaning products, see the Policies, Guidelines and Report section of NY‘s Green Cleaning Program website. Step 2: Disinfection: Cleaning of soiled areas must be completed prior to disinfection to ensure the effectiveness of the disinfectant product. Use the DEC list of products registered in New York State identified as effective against COVID-19. This list corresponds those identified by the EPA. If these products are unavailable, disinfect surfaces using an EPA- and DEC*- registered disinfectant labeled to be effective against rhinovirus and/or human coronavirus. If these commercial products are unavailable, it is also acceptable to use a fresh 2% chlorine bleach solution (approximately 1 tablespoon of bleach in 1 quart of water). Prepare the bleach solution daily or as needed. • Label directions must be followed when using disinfectants to ensure the target

viruses are effectively killed. This includes adequate contact times (i.e., the amount of time a disinfectant should remain on surfaces to be effective), which may vary between five and ten minutes after application. Disinfectants that come in a wipe form will also list effective contact times on their label.

• For disinfectants that come in concentrated forms, it is important to carefully follow instructions for making the diluted concentration needed to effectively kill the target virus. This information can be found on the product label.

Step 3: Disposal: Place all used gloves and other disposable items in a bag that can be tied closed before disposing of them with other waste. Wash hands with

Page 11 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20

Page 12: STATE OF NEW YORK COUNTY OF ORLEANS HEALTH … · Precautionary Quarantine, Mandatory Quarantine and Mandatory Isolation Applicable to all (NYSDOH) has issued “2019 Novel Coronavirus

https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Webpage:

https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/coronavirus/New York State Department of Health’s COVID-19 Webpage:More information:

518-402-8748.pesticide registration, please call the NYSDEC Bureau of Pesticide Management atat: http://www.dec.ny.gov/nyspad/products. If you have any questions about NYSDEC disinfection product registration with NYSDEC can be found*NYSDEC registration will not be listed on disinfection product labels. Information about

all personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves) that should be used.of follow use and safety instructions on product labels. It should also identify the location all products are followed. Training assures that individuals are reminded to read and manner. Training should be ongoing to ensure procedures for safe and effective use of conducted by individuals who have been trained to use products in a safe and effective disinfection of all surfaces throughout the area. Cleaning and disinfection should be If a laboratory confirmed case of COVID-19 was in a facility, perform cleaning and Procedures and Training:

water should be used if hands are visibly soiled.alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap and water are not available. Soap andansoap and water for at least 20 seconds immediately after removing gloves or use

https://www.co.genesee.ny.us/departments/health/coronavirus_2019Orleans County Health Department COVID-19 Webpage

Page 12 of 12 Order and Instructions for OCHD Precautionary Quarantine 07/10/20