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TRANSCRIPT
THE REVOLUTIONARY WARChapter 2Standard 4
1st Continental Congress Met in Phila, 1774- 12
of 13 colonies attended
How do we respond to acts? Did not want
independence Wrote grievances
(London ignored) Declaration of
Rights
Midnight Ride Paul Revere rides into Concord to warn
MA Congress
Moves all military supplies out of Concord
Shot Heard Round the World
2nd Continental Congress After Lexington/Concord- leaders decide
to meet in Phila on May 10, 1775 Still was not thinking of independence
Sent grievances to king Plan on how to raise $$ for military Washington lead army
Forming an Army CC did not have power to tax, so raising $
$ to build army very difficult Continental Army was mainly
inexperienced, local militia. Mainly used guerilla warfare
Adv/Disadv of ArmiesADVANTAGES British
More people/stronger military
More $$$ American
Leadership Aid from France geography
DISADVANTAGES British
Didn’t want to fight Problems with other
countries Far away from home
American Colonists split Lacked $$$ No navy No professional
soldiers
Early Battles Surprise at Ft.
Ticonderoga Gunpowder and
cannons Bunker (Breed’s) Hill
British victory (built Patriot confidence though)
Call for independence growing
King hires Hessians Fight for money
Declaration of Independence
Common Sense – influenced many to vote for Independence
July 4, 1776- Continental Congress issues the Declaration of Independence
Written by Thomas Jefferson Writings by John Locke influenced
Jefferson All people have certain “natural rights” If gov’t failed to protect or violated rights, the
people have the right to overthrow gov’t
Declaration The Declaration has
4 parts Preamble (why doc
was created) Declaration of
Natural Rights (from Locke)
List of grievances (complaints against GB)
Resolution (declares colonies free)
In the Colonies 1/3 of pop were Patriots (Whigs) 1/3 were Loyalists (Tories) 1/3 were neutral British could only control Loyalists.
Used them as spies, soldiers, etc., but not much
New York (1776)
Trenton, 1776 Congress asks Washington to try and
defend NYC, but many fled British controlled it until end of war Next move go to Philadelphia, but British
camp in nearby Trenton, NJ Washington crossed Delaware river
defeated British on 12.26.1776
General Washington crossing Delaware
Battle at Saratoga Britain tried to capture Hudson River
Valley Plan: Burgoyne move south and Howe
move north Howe goes to Phila instead Pushes Washington to Valley Forge for winter Frenchman Marquis de Lafayette and Prussian
Baron Friedrich von Steuben help train soldiers and boost morale
Burgoyne left and defeated at Saratoga Convinced France to help America
New Alliances America sends Ben Franklin to France to
ask for aid United States signs first 2 treaties
2.6.1778- France is first country to recognize US as independent
2nd treaty formally makes USA and France allies
Ending the War Britain tries to defeat US by coming from
South Charles Town falls, and Charles Cornwallis
becomes British General Cornwallis moves to Virginia, eventually
to Yorktown American and French surround Yorktown Force Cornwallis to surrender
YorktownCornwallis surrenders- fighting over!
Treaty of Paris, 1783 John Jay, Ben
Franklin, John Adams Granted US
independence Land west to Miss. North to Great
lakes South thru Florida Loyalists weren’t
persecuted
America, 1783