LIFE IN THE ROARING 2OS1

. Fashion 11. Automobile/Its Social Impacts

2

. Beauty 12. Telephones/ Urbanization,

3

. Women: Married vs. Single 13. Jazz & Dance

4

. Women in the Workforce 14. Fun & Recreation, Movies, Star

5

. Women in Education 15. Basketball

7

. Women in Politics 16. Travel/Aviation

8

. The Birth of Consumerism 17. Bootlegging Booze Across the Border

9

. Urbanization/ Electricity 18. Canadian Military – not at war

1

0. Household Technology 19. Architecture /Art 20. Pencillin

Fashion entering the 1920s

• The 1920s is the decade where fashion hit a turning point and entered the modern era

• Men and women broke out of the old sophiesticated ways of dressing with floor length dresses and fancy suits

• They began to wear more comfortable and relaxed clothing

Change of Womens fashion

• Womens fashion changed with their changing roles in society

• Women started to wear shorter skirt with pleats or slits and cut their hair in to short bobs to fit under their tight fitting cloche hats

• Undergarmets also began to transform, the corset was discarded and replaced with a camisole and bloomers

• Some women in society of a certain age did not agree with the change in fashion and continued to wear conservative dresses

Change of Mens Fasion

• Men started to wear short suit jackets, and short trousers so their socks showed

• By 1925 wide trousers called “Oxford Bags” came into style

• Men wore hats depending on their class, upper class- top hats, lover or middle class- fedora or trilby hat

Impact of Fashion on Canadian society in the 1920s• Fashion had a huge impact

of Canadian society• Men and womens fashion

started to change with the changing of society after WW1

• After the war society was experiencing many changes women got the right to vote, new modern technologies were being used and as a result fashion started to become more modern too

Beauty in the 20’s

Bold makeup was the staple. Dark lips, dark eyes.

Makeup

Before the 20s

Hair

BOB

S

VS.

SINGLE WOMEN

MARRIED WOMEN

MARRIED WOMEN

Wives and mothers

Raise a family

Loss of jobs

SINGLE WOMEN

Nursing or teaching were most popular jobs

Business or industry jobs

WOMEN IN

THE

WORKFO

RCE!

THE 1

920’S

A NEW ERA BROUGHT NEW OPPORTUNITIES

(SORT OF) Post War most women did not keep there jobs in factories and had to go back to their job as women in the home…

ALTHOUGH

Women were able to work as nurse and teachers These jobs paid poorly Allowed these jobs because they seemed as the more feminine jobs

therefore it seemed only natural a women would have them More and more women were going to universities and for the first

time the amount of women working as domestics dropped to below 20%

Most women did not become lawyers, doctors, professors or engineers Women who did work in business and industry held jobs as

secretaries, telephone operators, or sales clerks

UPSIDE & DOWNSIDE

UPSIDE

Single women were now able to make a

better living for themselves and

remain more independent from

men and helped lead to women having their own voice

DOWNSIDE

Men were paid a lot more then women

and some workplaces were not equipped for women

to work there. Making it hard for a women to make a

very good living off of their job or jobs

THIS AFFECTED…

WOMEN:

They were now able to work more freely, frequently, and in better jobs then before the war. There were new “female” jobs such as library work, social work, and physiotherapy.

MEN:

They had to get used to women in the workplace being a more common thing where as before it was mainly a male dominated section of life in Canada.

IMPACT ON CANADIAN SOCIETY

Women becoming more regular in the Canadian workforce had a huge impact on Canadian

society. Because it helped create the domino effect of women working more and more

through out the country, leading up to what it is today. It was a small step in the right direction creating a huge impact on Canadians lives for

many years to come.

Education

Before : • women were not excepting for college education• women were seen as homemakers and don't need much educationAfter : • Education opportunities were increasing for women• winning the right to attend university or college

Changed women's lives

•higher education means women gain more rights in society.• women's role in society is becoming more and more important.

women had access

Impacts on soceity• growing respectability of post-secondary education and employment for women • more and more people are more educated.

Work

Before : • -Women were mainly seen as homemakers.•-If women worked they worked until they were married.• -They held traditional jobs New : • More and more woman were being employed, as stenographers in business offices and as factory workers

Changes for women : • lives changed• Society now accepted that women could be independent and make choices for themselves • Attained the political equality Both women and men had access• men can not seek women as housekeepers only anymore• women gained more rightsImpacts on Canadian Society• women started to play an important part in Canadian Society

The first federal election in which women were able to vote and run as candidates was 1921. In that election, four women ran for office and Agnes Campbell MacPhail (1890-1954) made history as the first woman elected to the Canadian House of Commons.

July 1, 1920 - The Dominion Elections Act, uniform franchise is established and the right for women to be elected to parliament is made permanent.

1921 - Mary Ellen Smith (1863-1933) is appointed to the provincial legislative Cabinet in British Columbia. The first woman Cabinet minister in the British Empire.

1921 - The first ladies 5 pin bowling league is stated in Toronto

March 8, 1923 - Winnifred Blair, Miss Canada, is the first woman to sit on the 'floor’ of a Canadian parliament when she attends the opening of the New Brunswick Legislature, sitting just off to the side of the 'Throne’.

The Famous Five or The Valiant Five were five Canadian women who asked the Supreme Court of Canada to answer the question, “Does the word ‘Persons’ in Section 24 of the British North America Act, 1867, include female persons?”

March 14, 1928 - The "Famous Five", Emily Murphy, Nellie McClung, Irene Parlby, Henrietta MuirEdwards and Louise McKinney, ask the Supreme Court of Canada if the word "person" in Section 24 of the British North America Act included persons that were female.

April 24, 1928 - The Supreme Court of Canada unanimously decides in the famous "Persons Case" that women were not "persons" who could hold public office as Canadian senators.

October 18, 1929 - The British Privy Council reverses the decision of the Supreme Court of Canada in the "Persons Case" and Canadian women become "Persons" with all rights accorded to the definition of persons including the right to sit in the Senate of Canada.

1929 - Agnes Macphail (1890-1954) is sent to Geneva, Switzerland as Canada's first woman delegate to the League of Nations.

1930: Cairine Wilson was the first woman to be named to a senate seat .

• What was new about it (your topic)? How was it different than what came before?• How did it change people's lives? upsides? downsides? (did some people not like it?)• Who had access/who did not? (i.e. who did it affect/who not?)• What was impact on Canadian society? explain and assess (small impact? moderate?

huge impact??)

• Women were involved in politics. Before, they were not allowed to. Woman now were “persons” in the eyes of the law.

• Women’s lives became better because they achieved what they were asking for: right to be involved in politics. Many men didn‘t agree because they said no woman was a "person”. They said “person” was only referred to men.

• Over the years, woman asked the Prime Minister to appoint women into the senate. The BNA act stated that qualified persons could receive appointment.

• This was a huge impact on the Canadian society because finally woman had a new role and this was the beginning of a new era. Now, women are a lot more involved in politics, and all thanks to those strong women who claimed for their rights. Men and women are the same and have the same rights!

http://famouscanadianwomen.com/timeline/timeline1920-1929.htm FAMOUS CANADIAN WOMEN

http://www.sfu.ca/~aheard/elections/women.html ELECTIONS

http://www.elections.ca/content.aspx?section=vot&dir=bkg&document=ec90785&lang=e ELECTIONS CANADA

http://historyclass.tripod.com/id12.html HISTORY CLASS

Birth of consumerism and advertising in 1920s

Social Studies 11 Sebastian Moll

Reasons: Consumerism and advertising

Roots can be found in the industrial expansion of the 1880s

1. mass production 2. the lowering of prices 3. construction of the transcontinental railroads national market4. new inventions (radio, automobil)

Post-World War I American society became increasingly standardized as automobiles, electric appliances and mass entertainment became available to ordinary Americans

Consumerism

Consumerism arised in post WW1 America

American industry needed new market to sustain the productions of goods.

Production had expanded through the conflagration

Advertising industry made these markets available, creating and maintaining the need for a variety of modern products and services

But encouraged to waste and triggered an economic downslope movement

Advertising in the 1920s

Advertising changed from simply announcing to persuade public they needed and deserved to own the product

Improving print techniques allowed publishers to drop prices readership soared to

After the war, general circulation magazines picked up on the culture of consumerism

Advertisers hired movie stars and sports figures to persuade

Henry Luce began publishing “Time” in 1923

What type of What type of electricity?electricity?

- 97% of all Canadian electricity in 1920’s was hydro powered.

- Most of this power in 1921 was traded between Canada and the U.S.

- In that same year Ontario opened the largest power plant in the world.

- Edmonton Power installed one of the world's first 10 MW turbo-generator, running at 3,600 rpm.

Electrical Electrical advancements in advancements in

1920’s 1920’s - Cooking appliances boomed in the

20’s and 30’s because they were electrical powered and didn’t have smoke to get rid of.

- One of the best inventions from electricity was the refrigerator because food could now last longer than a couple days.

- All of this technology was diminished when the depression hit north America.

Household Appliances in the 1920s

By: Amy Jones

Many new inventions were built in the 20s and changed the modern world as they knew it

These new appliances made women very happy in these times

Lots of propaganda was used and electricity was nicknamed “the housewife’s little helper”

Pollution before electricity came out

Washing Machines:Made washing much easier and efficient

Vacuums:Greatly reduced the amount of time spent cleaning rugs and carpets.

Electrical Stoves and Hotplates:Easier to cook and serve meals. Different stoves and hotplates were invented.

Types , roads, gas , stations and motels.

The invention of the assembly line in 1913 by Henry Ford meant that cars could be mass produced inexpensively and quickly .In 1920s,  Cars were

finally affordable for the public, the Ford model T was the benchmark in the automotive industry because of its mass production and price. The car’s price tag was less than three hundred dollars and came in only one color, black.

1921Gray-Dort motors

1923The Doctor's Coupe

1926   Brooks Steam Automobile

1927 McLaughlin-Buick

1928Plymouth Q-Four

1929Durant Motors

In 1920 Canada had only 1600 km of top rated highways a figure that increased tenfold by the end of the decade. the Canadian Shield and the rocky mountains were physical barriers that delayed the construction of the Trans-Canada highway. as a result most of the better roads ran south to the united states. these closer north-south connections led British Columbia to change from driving on the left-hand side of the road (the British system) to the right-hand side (the U.S system) in 1927.

» Can go anywhere in town

» Drive in movies, drive thru’s were created.

» Date doesn’t need to end on the porch, can end in the backseat

» Life seen as an “open road”» People are getting lazy.» Live out of town» LOTS of pollution!» Lots of new jobs!

» Fast food, gas stations, auto repair shops etc.

» Before seatbelts were mandatory, 4283 people died annually!

» The car is one-eighth of the populations greenhouse gas emissions

» Bridget Driscoll was the first person to be killed by getting hit by a car

Streetcar in Canada Streetcar in Canada historyhistory

by Daniel Xue

April 6 1889::The National Electric Tramway and Lighting Company Limited

was established in Victoria.

December 5 1938BC Electric's franchise

to provide Victoria transportation was set to expire.

City of Toronto places the largest streetcar order in history!

Bombardier is well-known worldwide as a manufacturer of aircraft,

snowmobiles, and personal watercraft.Canada's largest city plans to replace

its aging streetcar fleet with these next generation, low-floor vehicles.

The new streetcars will provide improved reliability and lower

operatingcosts for the TTC.

Regina’s first streetcar run took place on July 28, 1911.

Take the streetcar for 5 cents, Monday to Saturday. The price

went up to 10 cents by 1920, but during the depression years

the price returned to 5 cents to encourage usage.

The streetcars were very noisy, but attempts to replace

the streetcars with diesel buses failed during the war years

because rubber and gas were rationed.

Telephones

Daniel MossieBlock 7

What was new about telephones? How was it different than what came before?

• Before the telephone was a telegraph. It was a device that used smoke signals to transmit messages

• With the telephone you could now use your voice to communicate to other people without the use of signals

How did it change people's lives?

• People could now contact each other faster than ever before

• Telephone lines were shared by many neighbors so there could be eavesdroppers (Became a big source of entertainment)

Who had access/who did not?

• The first dial telephone appeared in Toronto in 1924• The handset with a mouthpiece and earphone first came into

use in 1927• When the telephone was first introduced it could only be

afforded by the rich• By the 1920’s the telephone had become a standard

household appliance

What was impact on Canadian society?

• Now Canadians could simply use their phone and ask the operator to speak to whoever they wanted as long as they had a telephone in their area

• It had a large impact on society, and made business more efficient

• It led to instant communications around the world and even led to the Internet

Urbanization

By Robyn Willmer

The act or fact of urbanizing, or taking on the characteristics of a city

Why

What is was like

Where

Jazz Music in the 1920’s

By Brett Smith-Daniels

The 1920’s sparked a revolution in the way music was played, in New Orleans, black musicians started to use ‘improper musical technique’, by improvising, and abandoned almost all of the rules of classical music, to create Jazz. Unlike classical music Jazz was loud, fast, and exciting, and many Jazz musicians didn’t read music, or understand traditional musical theory.The previous generation didn’t appreciate the fact that Jazz pushed the boundaries! Jazz Orchestra’s were assembled to suit the likes of composers, they would range from as little as 3, to as many as 20 or 30 musicians!

A New Idea

The Idea that only a few musicians could make a big sound, was something that originally spawned from the early blues music of the Mississippi Delta region! When adapted to the musical styling's of the new Jazz sound, the idea of smaller musical groups became popular because of the fact that it was easier to fill dance halls, and earn money from performing, when there were less people!

Pictured below:Eddie Lang – A 1920’s Jazz guitarist Changing times

The Jazz era was one of the first examples of youth counter-culture, and rebellion! Before the 1920’s, teenagers did everything by the law, and followed their parents advice on everything. The 1920’s saw the first instances of recreational drugs, and music influencing the way things were done. Women cut their hair short and began openly smoking and drinking, and listening to Jazz.Many Jazz musicians in Harlem used Heroin, Cocaine, Marijuana, and drank excessive amounts of alcohol before performing. When paired with the suggestive dancing seen in a typical Jazz venue, the negative connotations created a subculture that parents, and churches demonized, claiming it was the music of Satan!

Effect on Culture

Dance in the 1920’s

By Jessica Duncan and Robyn Willmer

Dance fashion

Dance styles

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QNiWLJxxK70

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yNAOHtmy4j0

Famous dancers

Reasons to dance

Fun/Recreation

Katie Atherton

Fun!People did many things for fun in the 20’s. Some of

these things include:

-Listening to the radio-Visiting with friends-Dancing-Drinking-Playing cards-Reading-Listening to live music-Going to the beach-Watching silent films/movies

Fun Continued-Going for drives-Doing art-Watching sporting events-Playing musical instruments-Spending time with families-Throwing parties-Crossword Puzzles-Board Games

Recreation!Recreation was becoming more popular

in the 1920’s. Some recreational activities people enjoyed were:

-Walking-Cycling-Dancing-Sports

Films and Movies in the roaring twenties

• The growth of Canadian nationalism around the First World War promoted Canadian production and other aspects of the industry.

• At the beginning of the decade, silent films used to exaggerate actions and they were colorless. It had a low price. And it was for all social classes.

• In 1922 The Canadian Motion Picture Distributors Association (CMPDA) was formed. Although Canadian in name, the association consisted of the Canadian offices of the American distribution majors and was in essence a branch of the Motion Picture Producers and Distributors Association of America. For the purposes of calculating domestic gross revenue, American distributors have always included Canada in their bottom line. In 1923, American-born N.L. Nathanson, owner of the Toronto-based Famous Players Canadian Corporation (FPCC), a company in turn owned by Adolf Zukor's Paramount Pictures, bought all 53 of the Canadian-owned Allen Bros. theatres, making FPCC the largest owner in Canada. Then through his holding company, Zukor acquired direct control of FPCC.

• The most successful producer was Ernest SHIPMAN, who had already established his reputation as a promoter in the US when he returned to Canada in 1919 with his author/actress wife, Nell SHIPMAN, to produce Back to God's Country in Calgary.

• During the next 3 years Shipman established companies in several Canadian cities and made 6 more features based on Canadian novels and filmed not in studios, as was then common, but on location. Though these films - God's Crucible (1920), Cameron of the Royal Mounted (1921), The Man from Glengarry (1922) and The Rapids (1922) - were not as profitable as his first, they were not failures.

• In 1927, Warner released The Jazz Singer, the first sound feature to include limited talking sequences.

• 1913Evangeline

• 1919Back to God's Country

• 1920The Great Shadow

• 1924Big TimberBlue Water

History of basketball in Canada

Basket ball was invented by a Canadian P.E teacher in Springfield

Massachusetts in 1891

Basketball in Canada • Even though it took place in the United States, at least ten of the players

who participated in the first-ever game were university students from Quebec.

• The National Basketball Association also has origins in Canada.

• The NBA's first game was played in Toronto over fifty years ago.

• Canada has participated in Olympic Games since 1936 and in the World Championships since 1954.

Canadian basketball teamsin the 20’s

• Edmonton Commercial Graduates (Grad's), a group of Canadian women who dominated the sport in the 1920s, 30s and 40s. the Grad's played 522 games at home and abroad, against both women's and men's teams. The Grad's accomplished a record-breaking winning streak of 147 games and throughout their basketball tenure won a remarkable 502 times.

• Toronto Huskies played New York Knickerbockers and lost 66-68• The Toronto Raptors• Vancouver Grizzlies• The Toronto Raptors and Vancouver Grizzlies joined the NBA. Becoming

the first non-U.S. cities to join the league since the Toronto Huskies were one-year members of the BAA.

BY JESSICA DUNCAN

Travel in the 1920’s

Vacation

Other Forms of Travel

AviationOn the first World War, aviation suffered several changes and advances due to the fact that they were very important on the fight; On the twenties, this technology was used as a transportation method, first for mail but then for passengers. It was in this decade that the world saw aviation take it first steps through the commercial and international use, and also long distance flights such as the flight across the Atlantic that was performed in 1919 by Captain John Alcock and Lieutenant Arthur Whitten Brown, departing from newfoundland.

Important events

June 1919: Fist cross-Atlantic flight departing from newfoundland.

August 1919: First flight over the RockiesOctober 1920: First flight across CanadaApril 1924: Royal Canadian Air force was

born1926: Western Canada Airways established in

WinnipegJune 1928: First woman, who was Canadian,

flew across the Atlantic, from Harbour Grace to Wales.

Changes in people’s livesThe biggest change aviation brought to the

Canadian society was the way it revolutionized mailing and people transportation; the mail could now go through the air, which was faster, and it was on this decade that the first airport with a waiting room and structure to receive passengers was established, making it possible to people to travel faster, which made intercontinental daily travels possible.

Images

“Razorback” model being shown by The Canadian Aviation Heritage Centre

Picture below: The Boeing B-2 Mail Plane at Vancouver in the 1920’s

BOOTLEGGING BOOZE TO THE U.S.A.

• From 1920 the U.S.A. began a prohibition of alcohol and lasted until 1933.

• Smuggling alcohol become part of everyday life. Salmon Trawlers from British Columbia, speed boats from Ontario both transported booze as fast as they could.

• Rum-running was extremely profitable, Canadians looked on it with tolerance and admiration for the way they flouted the U.S. authorities.

• One of the more famous bootleggers was Rocco Perri. He was the leading figure of organized crime in Southern Ontario.

• A famous rum-running boat was the Nellie J. Blanks. It was the last rum runner seized off Atlantic Canada.

Canadian Military in the 20’s and 30’s

Canadian Military after WW1

Canada avoided overseas military commitments, either to Britain or the League of Nations. By the mid-1930s, the government began slowly to modernize and re-equip the armed forces. The defense of Canada’s seacoasts was its top priority.

Canada Between the Wars

Throughout the 1920s and most of the 1930s, the Canadian governments kept military spending to a minimum. Many people believed that the First World War had been the ‘war to end all wars’. This view, combined with budgetary restraints, led Canada to reduce its military forces to fewer than 5000 full-time military personnel. For a time, the Royal Canadian Navy consisted of only two ocean-going ships.

Canada Between the Wars(continued)

The Royal Canadian Air Force, created in 1924, performed mainly civilian duties such as aerial mapping and forestry protection. There was little pay and even less equipment for part-time military reservists. During the economic catastrophe brought by the Great Depression of the 1930s, Canadians worried more about their jobs and families than the state of the armed forces. Without obvious enemies, the government decided not to spend scarce resources on the military.

1920-30s

ARCHITECTURESocial Studies 11 – Power point

James Letkeman -Block 7

1920's architecture was characterised by improved standards in residential homes, commercial buildings and also the proliferation of the skyscraper.

By the mid-1920s the post-war culture of the industrialized world had started a series of unified styles which affected design and architecture.

There was widespread interest in new sources of inspiration and architecture began to glorify new and/or enhanced technological marvels.

Designs were simplified; composition more geometric and there was a general trend towards abstraction.

CHANGING The face of ARCHITECTURE

The fallout of the First World War resulted in additional experimentation and ideas throughout the world

Skyscrapers became more common due to the development of steel, reinforced concrete, water pumps and most importantly the enhancements of the commercial elevator.

Large urban centers experimented with Art Deco and Modernism through their mass development of skyscrapers. These buildings were influenced by the changing culture of the society and were considered by many to be visual representations of expressions such as the modern jazz and music movement America was experiencing at the time.

EARLY 1920s in CANADA

Victorian styles of architecture dominated in Canada from the mid-nineteenth century up to the First World War.

After the First World War, Canadian nationalism encouraged attempts to create unique Canadian architecture, distinct from that of Britain and the United States.

While the United States embraced Art Deco, Canadian architects returned to the Middle Ages for inspiration

Gothic architecture had become closely associated with Canada A distinct Canadian style was the Château Style, also known as Railway Gothic. For public and commercial buildings, classical forms remained the style of choice .However, by the

1930s the classic styles were simplified almost to the point of abstraction

MODERNIZING CANADIAN ARCHITECTURE

Toronto closely followed American cities such as Chicago and New York.

Toronto's influence on other Canadian cities meant that Western Canadian cities, particularly Vancouver, fallowed Toronto’s architectural path.

Modern homes of the 1920’s in America upgraded the standard of low cost housing and made other housing more affordable.

Houses were created to obtain beauty of design, functionality, practicality and convenience while considering the price.

The bungalow in British Columbia became widespread in local house design, and styles of housing such as Arts and crafts, and other distinctly western North America styles also became common.

Canadian art in the 1920s

By Kinna Turner

What was new about it?• The Group of Seven had paintings

that broke with traditional Canadian art

• These artists were in tune with the new post war national confidence, instead of realistic standard styles

• Used bold, broad, and brilliant colours

• Some of the group of seven’s work was criticized however they gained a huge acceptance at the end of the 1920s

• It was the same with Emily Carr, she had very little recognition for her work but when her art was shown at the National Museum in Ottawa this all changed

What was the impact on Canadian Society?

• Art in the 1920s and early 1930s in particular the group of seven was extremely influential

• Their legacy still resonates to this day • There is a university named after

Emily Carr• Made Canadians look and appreciate

art in a different way

Emily Carr

• Best known painter on Pacific coast• Her paintings were scenes of

Aboriginal life and West Coast forests

• Wrote Klee Wyck stories about her life with BC’s Aboriginal people

Penicillin In The 1920’s

By L Hunts Mc Big DogAnd Marcy Mark

Discovery of Penicillin

• Canadian bacteriologist Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928

• Fleming discovered it by accident

• Mold had formed on his experiments– Exuded penicillin

What is Penicillin?

• Certain collections of antibiotics

• They eliminate infectious bacteria

• Known in short as PCN

Effects of Penicillin On The World

• General– Heralded as a “miracle drug– Could cure people of once-fatal infections

• World War II– War forced companies to find a way to

produce on an industrial scale– Especially effective on gangrene– Skyrocketed survival rates

So… Why do they call them the ‘roaring’ 20s?

I

n what ways did society, culture, technology and the economy

“roar”??? Make a list together and discuss.

T

hinking of what you’ve seen here and your readings, who do you

think ‘missed’ the roar of the 20s? Look at your roar list to help you

think about the question… then discuss.

W

hat do you think are the three most important changes of the 1920s?

Brainstorm. Choose 3. Be prepared to defend your choices.

THIS ROARING PRESENTATION

C

reated by the brilliant students of:

SS11 Class, Block 7, 2012, Oak Bay High.