Graphene OxideSingle Layer Nanosheets

We offer a broad selection of graphene oxide in different physical states, concentrations and quantities. Please see our website for product selections and pricing.

Product Selection

CHARACTERISTICS DATAAppearance Dispersion Paste Powder

Color Golden Brown Brown Golden Brown

Odor Odorless Odorless Odorless

Solid Content (Conc/) Customized 0.01-0.5% (w/w) 7-11.5% (w/w) NA

Solvent Water Water Dry Powder

pH of the product 3.0-5.0 1.9-3.0 NA

Apparent (tapped) density 0.9927 g/cm3 0.90-1.05 g/cm3 0.2- 0.45 g/cm3

Carbon content (XPS) 67.6%

Oxygen content (XPS) 30.2%

Ash (XPS) <2.5%

Dispersibility Dispersible in polar solvents including water, NMP, DMF, THF and ethylene glycol

Lateral size of GO sheets1 D90: 2.5 µm; D50: 0.9 µm; D10: 0.3 µm (precision ±20%)

Customized sheet size2 D90: 1 µm; D50: 0.7 µm; D10: 0.4 µm (precision ±20%)

Number of layers3 Single atomic layers – at least 90%

Nanotech Energy provides a broad selection of cost-effective graphene-based sheets and paints for EMI/RFI applications

The first graphene samples were obtained by peeling off a single layer of graphite using Scotch tape. While this process is simple and straightforward, it is not practical for graphene manufacture. Over the past decade, alternative approaches have been developed such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD), liquid phase exfoliation and reduction of graphene oxide. Out of these methods, graphene oxide shows potential for manufacturing due to its hydrophilic nature enabling its processing from water on a large scale. In fact, graphene oxide is currently being explored in several companies and research labs around the world as aprecursor to graphene. Nanotech Energy has developed a proprietary process for the preparation of graphite oxide on a large scale. We offer graphene oxide in powder form, as a paste and in solutions with variable concentrations. Our process demonstrates better control over the carbon/oxygen content and exhibits a higher surface area than any of the GO products available in the market. In addition to its use as a precursor to graphene, graphene oxide can be used in a variety of applications from surfactants, photonics and optoelectronic devices to water filtration and protective coatings.

1. Lateral size of GO nanosheets measured using AFM.

2. Smaller sheet sizes are available upon request. Studies show that the lateral size of GO sheets has a direct influence on their properties and applications. Numbers measured with dynamic light scattering.

3. Single atomic layers can be achieved by dispersing GO in water followed by sonication for at least 5 min (probe) or 30 min (bath).

Applications• Graphene research

• Energy conversion

• Energy storage

• Electronics

• Conductive inks and coatings

• Composites

• Catalysis

• Biomedical

• Membranes

• Sensors and biosensors

• Gas separations

• Surfactant

Item #: 901404

Elemental Analysis

The elemental analysis data of GO show a rich oxygen content up to 55%, confirming the massive attachment of oxygen-containing functional groups such as hydroxyl, epoxide, carbonyl, and carboxyl – data shown in atomic %.

XPS Analysis

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Carbon 45-55 %

Hydrogen 0-2.5 %

Nitrogen 0-1

Oxygen 45-51 %

The C1s spectrum of GOcan be deconvoluted intofourpeaks correspondingto sp2 C=C (284.6 eV), sp3C-C (285.5 eV),C-O(hydroxyl and epoxy,287.5 eV), and O-C=O(carboxyl, 289.0 eV). Therelative intensitiesof the peaks provide an ideaabout the contribution of each functional group.

X-ray Powder Diffraction

XRD peak at 2 = 11.3°corresponds to aninterlayer spacing of0.78 nm due to theintroduction ofoxygen functionalgroups. XRD peak at 2= 26.4° arising from

0.34 nm graphite stacking is absent, indicatingeffective exfoliation.

AFM MicroscopyAFM of GO sheets deposited on a mica substrateindicate the successful exfoliation of GOdown to themonolayer level. Theheight of the GO sheets is~0.7-0.9 nm thanks to the rich functional groups onits surface. The detected bilayer areas are mostlyself-folding single layers, confirmed by TERS.

Flake SizeDistributionParticle size distribution calculated froman AFM topography image of GO flakesusing ImageJ software.

Thermal AnalysisTGA reveal three peaks correspondingto water loss, thermal reduction, andcombustion, respectively.

Thermal AnalysisRaman shows two intense peaks at 1350and 1600 cm-1 correspondingto sp3 and sp2 hybridized carbons.

Graphene Oxide Customized To Your NeedsNanotech Energy offers graphene oxide in different formulations that are designed to be customized for every kind of use. Our major focus is to provide single layer graphene oxide product with superior optical and chemical properties. We can also provide graphene oxide in the powder form, paste or as dispersions. Additional parameters we can precisely control are the sheet size, concentration of GO in the dispersion, solution pH, the type of solvent used for making the dispersion and purity level as a function of the pH or the ionic conductivity of the GO solution. Nanotech Energy has the capability to meet your requirements. Tell us your specs and we will customize the GO for your application.