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-
IBM
DB2
Universal
Database
SQL
Reference
Volume
1
Version
8.2
SC09-4844-01
-
IBM
DB2
Universal
Database
SQL
Reference
Volume
1
Version
8.2
SC09-4844-01
-
Before
using
this
information
and
the
product
it
supports,
be
sure
to
read
the
general
information
under
Notices.
This
document
contains
proprietary
information
of
IBM.
It
is
provided
under
a
license
agreement
and
is
protected
by
copyright
law.
The
information
contained
in
this
publication
does
not
include
any
product
warranties,
and
any
statements
provided
in
this
manual
should
not
be
interpreted
as
such.
You
can
order
IBM
publications
online
or
through
your
local
IBM
representative.
v
To
order
publications
online,
go
to
the
IBM
Publications
Center
at
www.ibm.com/shop/publications/order
v
To
find
your
local
IBM
representative,
go
to
the
IBM
Directory
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Worldwide
Contacts
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To
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Marketing
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Sales
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When
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IBM
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to
use
or
distribute
the
information
in
any
way
it
believes
appropriate
without
incurring
any
obligation
to
you.
Copyright
International
Business
Machines
Corporation
1993
-
2004.
All
rights
reserved.
US
Government
Users
Restricted
Rights
Use,
duplication
or
disclosure
restricted
by
GSA
ADP
Schedule
Contract
with
IBM
Corp.
http://www.ibm.com/shop/publications/orderhttp://www.ibm.com/planetwide -
Contents
About
this
book
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. ix
Who
should
use
this
book
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. ix
How
this
book
is
structured
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. ix
A
brief
overview
of
Volume
2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. x
How
to
read
the
syntax
diagrams
.
.
.
.
.
.
. x
Common
syntax
elements
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. xii
Function
designator
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. xii
Method
designator
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. xiii
Procedure
designator
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. xv
Conventions
used
in
this
manual
.
.
.
.
.
.
. xvi
Error
conditions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. xvi
Highlighting
conventions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. xvi
Related
documentation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. xvii
Chapter
1.
Concepts
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 1
Relational
databases
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 1
Structured
Query
Language
(SQL)
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 1
Privileges,
authority
levels,
and
database
authorities
1
Schemas
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 5
Tables
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 6
Views
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 7
Aliases
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 7
Indexes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 8
Keys
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 8
Constraints
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 8
Unique
constraints
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 9
Referential
constraints
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 9
Table
check
constraints
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 12
Informational
constraints
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 13
Isolation
levels
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 13
Comparison
of
isolation
levels
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 15
Queries
and
table
expressions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 16
Application
processes,
concurrency,
and
recovery
.
. 16
DB2
Call
level
interface
(CLI)
and
open
database
connectivity
(ODBC)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 18
Java
database
connectivity
(JDBC)
and
embedded
SQL
for
Java
(SQLJ)
programs
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 19
Packages
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 19
Catalog
views
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 19
Character
conversion
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 20
Event
monitors
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 22
Triggers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 23
Table
spaces
and
other
storage
structures
.
.
.
. 24
Data
partitioning
across
multiple
partitions
.
.
.
. 26
Distributed
relational
databases
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 27
Remote
unit
of
work
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 28
Application-directed
distributed
unit
of
work
.
. 31
Data
representation
considerations
.
.
.
.
.
. 35
DB2
federated
systems
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 35
Federated
systems
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 35
The
federated
server
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 36
What
is
a
data
source?
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 37
Supported
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 37
The
federated
database
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 39
The
federated
database
system
catalog
.
.
.
. 40
The
SQL
Compiler
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 41
The
query
optimizer
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 41
Compensation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 42
Pass-through
sessions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 43
Wrappers
and
wrapper
modules
.
.
.
.
.
. 44
Default
wrapper
names
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 45
Server
definitions
and
server
options
.
.
.
.
. 46
User
mappings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 46
Nicknames
and
data
source
objects
.
.
.
.
. 47
Valid
data
source
objects
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 47
Nickname
column
options
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 48
Data
type
mappings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 49
Function
mappings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 50
Index
specifications
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 50
Collating
sequences
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 51
Chapter
2.
Language
elements
.
.
.
. 55
Characters
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 55
Tokens
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 57
Identifiers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 58
Naming
conventions
and
implicit
object
name
qualifications
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 58
Aliases
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 62
Authorization
IDs
and
authorization
names
.
. 63
Column
names
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 66
References
to
host
variables
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 72
Data
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 79
Data
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 79
Numbers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 80
Character
strings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 81
Graphic
strings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 82
Binary
strings
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 83
Large
objects
(LOBs)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 84
Datetime
values
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 85
DATALINK
values
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 88
XML
values
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 90
User-defined
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 91
Promotion
of
data
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 94
Casting
between
data
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 96
Assignments
and
comparisons
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 99
Rules
for
result
data
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 113
Rules
for
string
conversions
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 117
Partition-compatible
data
types
.
.
.
.
.
. 119
Constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 121
Integer
constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 121
Floating-point
constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 121
Decimal
constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 122
Character
string
constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 122
Hexadecimal
constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 122
Graphic
string
constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 123
Special
registers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 124
Special
registers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 124
CURRENT
CLIENT_ACCTNG
.
.
.
.
.
. 126
CURRENT
CLIENT_APPLNAME
.
.
.
.
. 127
CURRENT
CLIENT_USERID
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 128
Copyright
IBM
Corp.
1993
-
2004
iii
||
|
|
|
|
-
CURRENT
CLIENT_WRKSTNNAME
.
.
.
. 129
CURRENT
DATE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 130
CURRENT
DBPARTITIONNUM
.
.
.
.
.
. 131
CURRENT
DEFAULT
TRANSFORM
GROUP
132
CURRENT
DEGREE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 133
CURRENT
EXPLAIN
MODE
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 134
CURRENT
EXPLAIN
SNAPSHOT
.
.
.
.
. 135
CURRENT
ISOLATION
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 136
CURRENT
LOCK
TIMEOUT
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 137
CURRENT
MAINTAINED
TABLE
TYPES
FOR
OPTIMIZATION
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 138
CURRENT
PACKAGE
PATH
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 139
CURRENT
PATH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 140
CURRENT
QUERY
OPTIMIZATION
.
.
.
. 141
CURRENT
REFRESH
AGE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 142
CURRENT
SCHEMA
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 143
CURRENT
SERVER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 144
CURRENT
TIME
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 145
CURRENT
TIMESTAMP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 146
CURRENT
TIMEZONE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 147
CURRENT
USER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 148
SESSION_USER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 149
SYSTEM_USER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 150
USER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 151
Functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 152
External,
SQL,
and
sourced
user-defined
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 152
Scalar,
column,
row,
and
table
user-defined
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 152
Function
signatures
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 153
Function
resolution
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 153
Function
invocation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 157
Conservative
binding
semantics
.
.
.
.
.
. 157
Methods
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 160
External
and
SQL
user-defined
methods
.
.
. 160
Method
signatures
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 160
Method
resolution
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 161
Method
invocation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 164
Dynamic
dispatch
of
methods
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 165
Expressions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 168
Expressions
without
operators
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 169
Expressions
with
the
concatenation
operator
.
. 169
Expressions
with
arithmetic
operators
.
.
.
. 171
Two-integer
operands
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 172
Integer
and
decimal
operands
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 173
Two-decimal
operands
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 173
Decimal
arithmetic
in
SQL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 173
Floating-point
operands
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 173
User-defined
types
as
operands
.
.
.
.
.
. 174
Scalar
fullselect
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 174
Datetime
operations
and
durations
.
.
.
.
. 174
Datetime
arithmetic
in
SQL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 175
Precedence
of
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 179
CASE
expressions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 179
CAST
specifications
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 181
Dereference
operations
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 183
OLAP
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 184
XML
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 189
Method
invocation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 198
Subtype
treatment
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 199
Sequence
reference
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 199
Predicates
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 204
Predicates
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 204
Search
conditions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 205
Basic
predicate
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 208
Quantified
predicate
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 209
BETWEEN
predicate
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 212
EXISTS
predicate
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 213
IN
predicate
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 214
LIKE
predicate
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 216
NULL
predicate
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 221
TYPE
predicate
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 222
Chapter
3.
Functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 225
Functions
overview
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 225
Supported
functions
and
SQL
administrative
routines
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 227
Aggregate
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 257
AVG
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 258
CORRELATION
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 260
COUNT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 261
COUNT_BIG
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 262
COVARIANCE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 264
GROUPING
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 265
MAX
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 267
MIN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 269
Regression
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 270
STDDEV
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 273
SUM
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 274
VARIANCE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 275
Scalar
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 276
ABS
or
ABSVAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 277
ACOS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 278
ASCII
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 279
ASIN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 280
ATAN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 281
ATAN2
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 282
ATANH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 283
BIGINT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 284
BLOB
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 286
CEILING
or
CEIL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 287
CHAR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 288
CHR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 292
CLOB
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 293
COALESCE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 294
CONCAT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 295
COS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 296
COSH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 297
COT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 298
DATE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 299
DAY
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 300
DAYNAME
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 301
DAYOFWEEK
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 302
DAYOFWEEK_ISO
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 303
DAYOFYEAR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 304
DAYS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 305
DBCLOB
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 306
DBPARTITIONNUM
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 307
DECIMAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 309
DECRYPT_BIN
and
DECRYPT_CHAR
.
.
.
.
. 313
DEGREES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 315
DEREF
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 316
iv
SQL
Reference,
Volume
1
||||
||
||||||
-
DIFFERENCE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 317
DIGITS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 318
DLCOMMENT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 319
DLLINKTYPE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 320
DLNEWCOPY
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 321
DLPREVIOUSCOPY
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 323
DLREPLACECONTENT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 325
DLURLCOMPLETE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 327
DLURLCOMPLETEONLY
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 328
DLURLCOMPLETEWRITE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 329
DLURLPATH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 330
DLURLPATHONLY
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 331
DLURLPATHWRITE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 332
DLURLSCHEME
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 333
DLURLSERVER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 334
DLVALUE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 335
DOUBLE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 336
ENCRYPT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 338
EVENT_MON_STATE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 340
EXP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 341
FLOAT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 342
FLOOR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 343
GETHINT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 344
GENERATE_UNIQUE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 345
GRAPHIC
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 347
HASHEDVALUE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 349
HEX
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 351
HOUR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 353
IDENTITY_VAL_LOCAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 354
INSERT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 359
INTEGER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 360
JULIAN_DAY
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 362
LCASE
or
LOWER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 363
LCASE
(SYSFUN
schema)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 364
LEFT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 365
LENGTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 366
LN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 367
LOCATE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 368
LOG
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 369
LOG10
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 370
LONG_VARCHAR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 371
LONG_VARGRAPHIC
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 372
LTRIM
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 373
LTRIM
(SYSFUN
schema)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 374
MICROSECOND
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 375
MIDNIGHT_SECONDS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 376
MINUTE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 377
MOD
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 378
MONTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 379
MONTHNAME
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 380
MULTIPLY_ALT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 381
NULLIF
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 383
POSSTR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 384
POWER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 386
QUARTER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 387
RADIANS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 388
RAISE_ERROR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 389
RAND
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 390
REAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 391
REC2XML
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 392
REPEAT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 396
REPLACE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 397
RIGHT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 398
ROUND
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 399
RTRIM
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 401
RTRIM
(SYSFUN
schema)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 402
SECOND
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 403
SIGN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 404
SIN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 405
SINH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 406
SMALLINT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 407
SOUNDEX
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 408
SPACE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 409
SQRT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 410
SUBSTR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 411
TABLE_NAME
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 414
TABLE_SCHEMA
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 415
TAN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 417
TANH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 418
TIME
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 419
TIMESTAMP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 420
TIMESTAMP_FORMAT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 421
TIMESTAMP_ISO
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 423
TIMESTAMPDIFF
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 424
TO_CHAR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 426
TO_DATE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 427
TRANSLATE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 428
TRUNCATE
or
TRUNC
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 430
TYPE_ID
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 431
TYPE_NAME
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 432
TYPE_SCHEMA
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 433
UCASE
or
UPPER
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 434
VALUE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 435
VARCHAR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 436
VARCHAR_FORMAT
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 438
VARGRAPHIC
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 440
WEEK
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 442
WEEK_ISO
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 443
YEAR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 444
Table
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 445
Procedures
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 446
User-defined
functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 447
Chapter
4.
Queries
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 449
SQL
queries
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 449
Subselect
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 450
select-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 450
from-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 454
table-reference
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 454
joined-table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 461
where-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 463
group-by-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 463
having-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 469
order-by-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 470
fetch-first-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 472
Examples
of
subselects
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 473
Examples
of
joins
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 475
Examples
of
grouping
sets,
cube,
and
rollup
.
. 477
Fullselect
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 485
Examples
of
a
fullselect
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 487
Select-statement
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 490
common-table-expression
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 490
Contents
v
-
update-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 495
read-only-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 496
optimize-for-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 496
isolation-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 497
lock-request-clause
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 497
Examples
of
a
select-statement
.
.
.
.
.
. 498
Appendix
A.
SQL
limits
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 501
Appendix
B.
SQLCA
(SQL
communications
area)
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 507
SQLCA
field
descriptions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 507
Error
reporting
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 510
SQLCA
usage
in
partitioned
database
systems
.
. 511
Appendix
C.
SQLDA
(SQL
descriptor
area)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 513
SQLDA
field
descriptions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 513
Fields
in
the
SQLDA
header
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 514
Fields
in
an
occurrence
of
a
base
SQLVAR
.
.
. 515
Fields
in
an
occurrence
of
a
secondary
SQLVAR
516
Effect
of
DESCRIBE
on
the
SQLDA
.
.
.
.
.
. 517
SQLTYPE
and
SQLLEN
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 519
Unrecognized
and
unsupported
SQLTYPEs
.
. 520
Packed
decimal
numbers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 520
SQLLEN
field
for
decimal
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 521
Appendix
D.
Catalog
views
.
.
.
.
. 523
System
catalog
views
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 523
Road
map
to
the
catalog
views
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 525
SYSIBM.SYSDUMMY1
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 528
SYSCAT.ATTRIBUTES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 529
SYSCAT.BUFFERPOOLDBPARTITIONS
.
.
.
. 530
SYSCAT.BUFFERPOOLS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 531
SYSCAT.CASTFUNCTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 532
SYSCAT.CHECKS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 533
SYSCAT.COLAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 534
SYSCAT.COLCHECKS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 535
SYSCAT.COLDIST
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 536
SYSCAT.COLGROUPDIST
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 537
SYSCAT.COLGROUPDISTCOUNTS
.
.
.
.
.
. 538
SYSCAT.COLGROUPS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 539
SYSCAT.COLIDENTATTRIBUTES
.
.
.
.
.
. 540
SYSCAT.COLOPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 541
SYSCAT.COLUMNS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 542
SYSCAT.COLUSE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 546
SYSCAT.CONSTDEP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 547
SYSCAT.DATATYPES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 548
SYSCAT.DBAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 550
SYSCAT.DBPARTITIONGROUPDEF
.
.
.
.
.
. 551
SYSCAT.DBPARTITIONGROUPS
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 552
SYSCAT.EVENTMONITORS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 553
SYSCAT.EVENTS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 554
SYSCAT.EVENTTABLES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 555
SYSCAT.FULLHIERARCHIES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 556
SYSCAT.FUNCMAPOPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 557
SYSCAT.FUNCMAPPARMOPTIONS
.
.
.
.
. 558
SYSCAT.FUNCMAPPINGS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 559
SYSCAT.HIERARCHIES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 560
SYSCAT.INDEXAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 561
SYSCAT.INDEXCOLUSE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 562
SYSCAT.INDEXDEP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 563
SYSCAT.INDEXES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 564
SYSCAT.INDEXEXPLOITRULES
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 568
SYSCAT.INDEXEXTENSIONDEP
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 569
SYSCAT.INDEXEXTENSIONMETHODS
.
.
.
. 570
SYSCAT.INDEXEXTENSIONPARMS
.
.
.
.
.
. 571
SYSCAT.INDEXEXTENSIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 572
SYSCAT.INDEXOPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 573
SYSCAT.KEYCOLUSE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 574
SYSCAT.NAMEMAPPINGS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 575
SYSCAT.PACKAGEAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 576
SYSCAT.PACKAGEDEP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 577
SYSCAT.PACKAGES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 578
SYSCAT.PARTITIONMAPS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 582
SYSCAT.PASSTHRUAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 583
SYSCAT.PREDICATESPECS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 584
SYSCAT.PROCOPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 585
SYSCAT.PROCPARMOPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 586
SYSCAT.REFERENCES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 587
SYSCAT.REVTYPEMAPPINGS
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 588
SYSCAT.ROUTINEAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 590
SYSCAT.ROUTINEDEP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 591
SYSCAT.ROUTINEPARMS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 592
SYSCAT.ROUTINES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 594
SYSCAT.SCHEMAAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 600
SYSCAT.SCHEMATA
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 601
SYSCAT.SEQUENCEAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 602
SYSCAT.SEQUENCES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 603
SYSCAT.SERVEROPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 604
SYSCAT.SERVERS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 605
SYSCAT.STATEMENTS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 606
SYSCAT.TABAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 607
SYSCAT.TABCONST
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 609
SYSCAT.TABDEP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 610
SYSCAT.TABLES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 611
SYSCAT.TABLESPACES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 615
SYSCAT.TABOPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 616
SYSCAT.TBSPACEAUTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 617
SYSCAT.TRANSFORMS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 618
SYSCAT.TRIGDEP
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 619
SYSCAT.TRIGGERS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 620
SYSCAT.TYPEMAPPINGS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 621
SYSCAT.USEROPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 623
SYSCAT.VIEWS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 624
SYSCAT.WRAPOPTIONS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 625
SYSCAT.WRAPPERS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 626
SYSSTAT.COLDIST
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 627
SYSSTAT.COLUMNS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 628
SYSSTAT.INDEXES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 630
SYSSTAT.ROUTINES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 634
SYSSTAT.TABLES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 636
Appendix
E.
Federated
systems
.
.
. 637
Valid
server
types
in
SQL
statements
.
.
.
.
. 637
BioRS
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 637
BLAST
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 637
CTLIB
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 638
Documentum
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 638
DRDA
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 638
Entrez
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 639
vi
SQL
Reference,
Volume
1
||||
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-
Excel
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 639
Extended
Search
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 639
HMMER
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 639
Informix
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 639
MSSQLODBC3
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 639
NET8
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 640
ODBC
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 640
OLE
DB
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 640
Table-structured
files
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 640
Teradata
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 640
Web
services
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 640
WebSphere
Business
Integration
wrapper
.
.
. 641
XML
wrapper
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 641
Nickname
column
options
for
federated
systems
641
Function
mapping
options
for
federated
systems
648
Server
options
for
federated
systems
.
.
.
.
. 648
User
mapping
options
for
federated
systems
.
.
. 662
Wrapper
options
for
federated
systems
.
.
.
.
. 663
Default
forward
data
type
mappings
.
.
.
.
. 663
DB2
for
z/OS
and
OS/390
data
sources
.
.
. 664
DB2
for
iSeries
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 665
DB2
Server
for
VM
and
VSE
data
sources
.
.
. 666
DB2
for
Linux,
UNIX,
and
Windows
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 667
Informix
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 668
Microsoft
SQL
Server
data
sources
.
.
.
.
. 669
ODBC
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 672
Oracle
NET8
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 673
Sybase
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 674
Teradata
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 675
Default
reverse
data
type
mappings
.
.
.
.
.
. 677
DB2
for
z/OS
and
OS/390
data
sources
.
.
. 678
DB2
for
iSeries
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 679
DB2
for
VM
and
VSE
data
sources
.
.
.
.
. 680
DB2
for
Linux,
UNIX,
and
Windows
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 681
Informix
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 682
Microsoft
SQL
Server
data
sources
.
.
.
.
. 683
Oracle
NET8
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 684
Sybase
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 685
Teradata
data
sources
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 686
Appendix
F.
The
SAMPLE
database
687
Creating
the
SAMPLE
database
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 687
Erasing
the
SAMPLE
database
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 687
CL_SCHED
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 687
DEPARTMENT
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 687
EMPLOYEE
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 688
EMP_ACT
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 690
EMP_PHOTO
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 691
EMP_RESUME
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 692
IN_TRAY
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 692
ORG
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 692
PROJECT
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 693
SALES
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 693
STAFF
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 694
STAFFG
table
(double-byte
code
pages
only)
.
.
. 695
Sample
files
with
BLOB
and
CLOB
data
type
.
.
. 696
Quintana
photo
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 696
Quintana
resume
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 697
Nicholls
photo
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 698
Nicholls
resume
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 698
Adamson
photo
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 699
Adamson
resume
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 699
Walker
photo
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 700
Walker
resume
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 700
Appendix
G.
Reserved
schema
names
and
reserved
words
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 703
Appendix
H.
Interaction
of
triggers
and
constraints
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 707
Appendix
I.
Explain
tables
.
.
.
.
.
. 709
Explain
tables
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 709
EXPLAIN_ARGUMENT
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 710
EXPLAIN_INSTANCE
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 714
EXPLAIN_OBJECT
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 716
EXPLAIN_OPERATOR
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 719
EXPLAIN_PREDICATE
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 721
EXPLAIN_STATEMENT
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 723
EXPLAIN_STREAM
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 725
ADVISE_INDEX
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 727
ADVISE_INSTANCE
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 730
ADVISE_MQT
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 731
ADVISE_PARTITION
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 732
ADVISE_TABLE
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 733
ADVISE_WORKLOAD
table
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 734
Appendix
J.
Explain
register
values
735
Appendix
K.
Exception
tables
.
.
.
. 741
Rules
for
creating
an
exception
table
.
.
.
.
. 741
Handling
rows
in
an
exception
table
.
.
.
.
. 743
Querying
exception
tables
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 743
Appendix
L.
SQL
statements
allowed
in
routines
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 745
Appendix
M.
CALL
invoked
from
a
compiled
statement
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 749
Appendix
N.
Japanese
and
traditional-Chinese
extended
UNIX
code
(EUC)
considerations
.
.
.
.
. 755
Language
elements
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 755
Characters
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 755
Tokens
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 755
Identifiers
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 755
Data
types
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 755
Constants
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 757
Functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 758
Expressions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 758
Predicates
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 758
Functions
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 759
LENGTH
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 759
SUBSTR
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 759
TRANSLATE
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. 759
VARGRAPHIC
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. 759
Contents
vii
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Statements
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. 760
CONNECT
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. 760
PREPARE
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. 760
Appendix
O.
Backus-Naur
form
(BNF)
specifications
for
DATALINKs
.
.
.
. 761
Appendix
P.
DB2
Universal
Database
technical
information
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 763
DB2
documentation
and
help
.
.
.
.
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.
. 763
DB2
documentation
updates
.
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.
. 763
DB2
Information
Center
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
. 764
DB2
Information
Center
installation
scenarios
.
. 765
Installing
the
DB2
Information
Center
using
the
DB2
Setup
wizard
(UNIX)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 768
Installing
the
DB2
Information
Center
using
the
DB2
Setup
wizard
(Windows)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 770
Invoking
the
DB2
Information
Center
.
.
.
.
. 772
Updating
the
DB2
Information
Center
installed
on
your
computer
or
intranet
server
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 773
Displaying
topics
in
your
preferred
language
in
the
DB2
Information
Center
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
. 774
DB2
PDF
and
printed
documentation
.
.
.
.
. 775
Core
DB2
information
.
.
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.
. 775
Administration
information
.
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.
. 775
Application
development
information
.
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. 776
Business
intelligence
information
.
.
.
.
.
. 777
DB2
Connect
information
.
.
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.
. 777
Getting
started
information
.
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.
. 778
Tutorial
information
.
.
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.
.
.
. 778
Optional
component
information
.
.
.
.
.
. 778
Release
notes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 779
Printing
DB2
books
from
PDF
files
.
.
.
.
.
. 780
Ordering
printed
DB2
books
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 780
Invoking
contextual
help
from
a
DB2
tool
.
.
.
. 781
Invoking
message
help
from
the
command
line
processor
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
. 782
Invoking
command
help
from
the
command
line
processor
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 783
Invoking
SQL
state
help
from
the
command
line
processor
.
.
.
.
.
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.
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.
.
. 783
DB2
tutorials
.
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.
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.
. 783
DB2
troubleshooting
information
.
.
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.
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.
. 784
Accessibility
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
. 785
Keyboard
input
and
navigation
.
.
.
.
.
. 785
Accessible
display
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 785
Compatibility
with
assistive
technologies
.
.
. 786
Accessible
documentation
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 786
Dotted
decimal
syntax
diagrams
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 786
Common
Criteria
certification
of
DB2
Universal
Database
products
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. 788
Appendix
Q.
Notices
.
.
.
.
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.
. 789
Trademarks
.
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. 791
Index
.
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. 793
Contacting
IBM
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. 809
Product
information
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. 809
viii
SQL
Reference,
Volume
1
||
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-
About
this
book
The
SQL
Reference
in
its
two
volumes
defines
the
SQL
language
used
by
DB2
Universal
Database
Version
8,
and
includes:
v
Information
about
relational
database
concepts,
language
elements,
functions,
and
the
forms
of
queries
(Volume
1).
v
Information
about
the
syntax
and
semantics
of
SQL
statements
(Volume
2).
Who
should
use
this
book
This
book
is
intended
for
anyone
who
wants
to
use
the
Structured
Query
Language
(SQL)
to
access
a
database.
It
is
primarily
for
programmers
and
database
administrators,
but
it
can
also
be
used
by
those
who
access
databases
through
the
command
line
processor
(CLP).
This
book
is
a
reference
rather
than
a
tutorial.
It
assumes
that
you
will
be
writing
application
programs
and
therefore
presents
the
full
functions
of
the
database
manager.
How
this
book
is
structured
This
book
contains
information
about
the
following
major
topics:
v
Chapter
1,
Concepts,
on
page
1
discusses
the
basic
concepts
of
relational
databases
and
SQL.
v
Chapter
2,
Language
elements,
on
page
55
describes
the
basic
syntax
of
SQL
and
the
language
elements
that
are
common
to
many
SQL
statements.
v
Chapter
3,
Functions,
on
page
225
contains
syntax
diagrams,
semantic
descriptions,
rules,
and
usage
examples
of
SQL
column
and
scalar
functions.
v
Chapter
4,
Queries,
on
page
449
describes
the
various
forms
of
a
query.
v
Appendix
A,
SQL
limits,
on
page
501
lists
SQL
limitations.
v
Appendix
B,
SQLCA
(SQL
communications
area),
on
page
507
describes
the
SQLCA
structure.
v
Appendix
C,
SQLDA
(SQL
descriptor
area),
on
page
513
describes
the
SQLDA
structure.
v
Appendix
D,
Catalog
views,
on
page
523
describes
the
database
catalog
views.
v
Appendix
E,
Federated
systems,
on
page
637
describes
options
and
type
mappings
for
Federated
Systems.
v
Appendix
F,
The
SAMPLE
database,
on
page
687
describes
the
sample
tables
used
in
examples.
v
Appendix
G,
Reserved
schema
names
and
reserved
words,
on
page
703
contains
the
reserved
schema
names
and
the
reserved
words
for
the
IBM
SQL
and
ISO/ANSI
SQL99
standards.
v
Appendix
H,
Interaction
of
triggers
and
constraints,
on
page
707
discusses
the
interaction
of
triggers
and
referential
constraints.
v
Appendix
I,
Explain
tables,
on
page
709
describes
the
Explain
tables.
v
Appendix
J,
Explain
register
values,
on
page
735
describes
the
interaction
of
the
CURRENT
EXPLAIN
MODE
and
CURRENT
EXPLAIN
SNAPSHOT
special
register
values
with
each
other
and
with
the
PREP
and
BIND
commands.
Copyright
IBM
Corp.
1993
-
2004
ix
-
v
Appendix
K,
Exception
tables,
on
page
741
contains
information
about
user-created
tables
that
are
used
with
the
SET
INTEGRITY
statement.
v
Appendix
L,
SQL
statements
allowed
in
routines,
on
page
745
lists
the
SQL
statements
that
are
allowed
to
execute
in
routines
with
different
SQL
data
access
contexts.
v
Appendix
M,
CALL
invoked
from
a
compiled
statement,
on
page
749
describes
the
CALL
statement
that
can
be
invoked
from
a
compiled
statement.
v
Appendix
N,
Japanese
and
traditional-Chinese
extended
UNIX
code
(EUC)
considerations,
on
page
755
lists
considerations
when
using
extended
UNIX
code
(EUC)
character
sets.
v
Appendix
O,
Backus-Naur
form
(BNF)
specifications
for
DATALINKs,
on
page
761
contains
the
Backus-Naur
form
(BNF)
specifications
for
DATALINKs.
A
brief
overview
of
Volume
2
The
second
volume
of
the
SQL
Reference
contains
information
about
the
syntax
and
semantics
of
SQL
statements.
The
specific
chapters
in
that
volume
are
briefly
described
here:
v
SQL
statements
contains
syntax
diagrams,
semantic
descriptions,
rules,
and
examples
of
all
SQL
statements.
v
SQL
control
statements
contains
syntax
diagrams,
semantic
descriptions,
rules,
and
examples
of
SQL
procedure
statements.
How
to
read
the
syntax
diagrams
Throughout
this
book,
syntax
is
described
using
the
structure
defined
as
follows:
Read
the
syntax
diagrams
from
left
to
right
and
top
to
bottom,
following
the
path
of
the
line.
The
symbol
indicates
the
beginning
of
a
syntax
diagram.
The
symbol
indicates
that
the
syntax
is
continued
on
the
next
line.
The
symbol
indicates
that
the
syntax
is
continued
from
the
previous
line.
The
symbol
indicates
the
end
of
a
syntax
diagram.
Syntax
fragments
start
with
the
symbol
and
end
with
the
symbol.
Required
items
appear
on
the
horizontal
line
(the
main
path).
required_item
Optional
items
appear
below
the
main
path.
required_item
optional_item
If
an
optional
item
appears
above
the
main
path,
that
item
has
no
effect
on
execution,
and
is
used
only
for
readability.
How
this
book
is
structured
x
SQL
Reference,
Volume
1
-
required_item
optional_item
If
you
can
choose
from
two
or
more
items,
they
appear
in
a
stack.
If
you
must
choose
one
of
the
items,
one
item
of
the
stack
appears
on
the
main
path.
required_item
required_choice1
required_choice2
If
choosing
one
of
the
items
is
optional,
the
entire
stack
appears
below
the
main
path.
required_item
optional_choice1
optional_choice2
If
one
of
the
items
is
the
default,
it
will
appear
above
the
main
path,
and
the
remaining
choices
will
be
shown
below.
required_item
default_choice
optional_choice
optional_choice
An
arrow
returning
to
the
left,
above
the
main
line,
indicates
an
item
that
can
be
repeated.
In
this
case,
repeated
items
must
be
separated
by
one
or
more
blanks.
required_item
repeatable_item
If
the
repeat
arrow
contains
a
comma,
you
must
separate
repeated
items
with
a
comma.
required_item
,
repeatable_item
A
repeat
arrow
above
a
stack
indicates
that
you
can
make
more
than
one
choice
from
the
stacked
items
or
repeat
a
single
choice.
Keywords
appear
in
uppercase
(for
example,
FROM).
They
must
be
spelled
exactly
as
shown.
Variables
appear
in
lowercase
(for
example,
column-name).
They
represent
user-supplied
names
or
values
in
the
syntax.
If
punctuation
marks,
parentheses,
arithmetic
operators,
or
other
such
symbols
are
shown,
you
must
enter
them
as
part
of
the
syntax.
How
to
read
the
syntax
diagrams
About
this
book
xi
-
Sometimes
a
single
variable
represents
a
larger
fragment
of
the
syntax.
For
example,
in
the
following
diagram,
the
variable
parameter-block
represents
the
whole
syntax
fragment
that
is
labeled
parameter-block:
required_item
parameter-block
parameter-block:
parameter1
parameter2
parameter3
parameter4
Adjacent
segments
occurring
between
large
bullets
(*)
may
be
specified
in
any
sequence.
required_item
item1
*
item2
*
item3
*
item4
The
above
diagram
shows
that
item2
and
item3
may
be
specified
in
either
order.
Both
of
the
following
are
valid:
required_item
item1
item2
item3
item4
required_item
item1
item3
item2
item4
Common
syntax
elements
The
following
sec