Spring Planting Guide

Thank you for choosing Dutch Gardens! Our perennials, bulbs, roses and shrubs have been closely inspected and carefully handled to ensure they

arrive in top condition. These planting and care instructions will help you get the most from your plants. If you have any questions, please call us at 1-800-944-2250.Dutch Gardens Guarantee: Your purchase price will be refunded on orders returned within 14 days. If, for any reason, your merchandise does not live, please notify us within one (1) year of receipt and we will replace the product free of charge. If you have further questions regarding returning or exchanging a product, please call us at 1-800-944-2250, or send an email to us at customerservice@dutchgardens.com.Please note that Dutch Gardens’ plants and bulbs are not intended for consumption, unless described otherwise. Some bulbs and plants are toxic to humans or pets if eaten.

Contents

Care upon Arrival . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

About Our Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Soil Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Planting in the Garden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Planting in Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Routine Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Guide to Care Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Ready-to-Plant Gardens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Plant-Specific Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Index of Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

Care Upon ArrivalFor best results, plant within a few days of delivery. We plan shipments so that your perennials, bulbs, roses and shrubs arrive during the appropriate planting time for your area. The sooner you plant them, the sooner they will begin to grow and establish themselves in your garden.If you are experiencing unseasonably cold or hot weather and need to delay planting for a few days, please open the shipping box to provide adequate ventilation and store the box in a cool, shady place until planting time. Keep from freezing. Maintain even soil moisture in the potted plants. Leave bareroot plants in the packaging and mist or sprinkle the roots to keep them moist.

About Our PlantsWe ship several forms of plant material in the spring: bulbs, potted and bareroot perennials, shrubs and roses.

Bulbs We use this term to refer to all bulblike structures. Technically, we offer true bulbs, corms, rhizomes and tubers. Bulbs will bloom the first year they are planted. Hardy bulbs may be left in the garden year round in most of the U.S. Others, such as begonias and dahlias, must be lifted and stored in a frost-free place each winter, except in the warmest climates. Instructions for winter care are detailed in the Plant-Specific Instructions.

Bareroot Perennials and Roses We ship some of our perennials as semi-dormant or dormant bareroot divisions. Upon arrival, bareroot plants may appear lifeless, but they will begin growing soon after they are planted and watered. To get your bareroot plant off to the best start, soak the roots in cool to tepid water for about 30 minutes before planting. Some bareroot perennials will grow only foliage during their first season in your garden and will begin blooming in the second year after planting. Perennials typically take at least three years to reach mature size and flowering potential.

Dutch Gardens’ roses are USDA #1 certified field-grown plants. They are freshly dug from the growing fields while dormant and professionally pruned. Plant within 48 hours if possible. Soak the roots for several hours before planting. Bareroot roses may take 4–6 weeks to resume growth.

Soil Preparation Perennials, roses, shrubs, and hardy bulbs are generally long-lived and can remain in the same location for many years. We recommend improving the soil around the planting spot to ensure years of beautiful, productive plants. For best results, spread 3–4″ of compost over the planting area and mix it

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thoroughly into the top 12″ of soil before planting. If desired, add a granular, slow-release fertilizer to the soil following package instructions. For bareroot roses, add 6″ of compost and mix it into the top 24″ of soil. Adding organic matter and natural fertilizer improves fertility, drainage and overall soil health.

Planting in the GardenOur perennials, bulbs, roses, and shrubs are shipped as either potted or bareroot plants. Each type is planted somewhat differently. Please use this information as a guide and refer to the individual plant instructions here and on the plant stake or label for the correct planting depth and spacing. • Bulbs are usually planted at a depth that’s about three times the height of

the bulb. For example, plant a 1″-high gladiolus bulb about 3″ deep. Most bulbs have a tapered end that should be planted pointing up. Some have a flatter side that may show evidence of roots. If you aren’t sure which end goes up, plant it sideways.

• Bareroot perennials should be planted with their crowns—the place where the roots and shoots meet—at the soil surface. Spread the roots over a mound of soil in the hole. Please refer to the illustration for guidance.

• Potted perennials and shrubs are planted at the same depth as they are growing in the pot, with their rootballs at the soil surface. Loosen and spread the roots gently.

• Bareroot roses are grafted onto a rootstock. The place where the two pieces join, called the graft union, is usually knobby or swollen. In Zones 6 and colder, place the graft union 3–4″ deep. In Zones 7 and warmer, place the graft union at or slightly above the soil surface. Spread the roots over a cone of soil in the hole and hold the graft union at the correct depth while backfilling with soil. Please refer to the illustration for guidance and the section on Roses on Page 32 for more details. You can find more information on Roses on our web site at www.dutchgardens.com.

Crown

Soil level

Graft Union

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Planting in ContainersMany summer-blooming bulbs and perennials can be grown in containers as easily as in your garden. Some plants may even do better when planted in containers—please refer to our Plant-Specific Instructions for recommendations. Keep these tips in mind for choosing and planting in containers: • Choose a container with a drainage hole or add 2–4″ of drainage material,

such as broken crockery or gravel, to the bottom of the pot. Excess soil moisture can cause plant roots to rot.

• Use a light potting soil mix that contains peat and perlite and/or vermiculite. Don’t use garden soil—it packs too tightly for good root growth and may contain diseases.

• Leave at least a few inches of space between plants, although they can be planted more closely than in the garden.

• Containers dry out faster than garden soil and may require daily watering during the summer. Check soil moisture every day.

• Potting mix contains fewer nutrients than garden soil. We recommend giving your container-grown plants a weekly application of a balanced, liquid fertilizer during the growing season. Follow package instructions.

• Freezing temperatures will damage many containers. Store porous pots where they will not freeze and remove the soil from containers before storing for the winter.

The hardiness Zones listed in this guide are for plants growing in the ground. Plants growing in aboveground containers are more susceptible to root damage from very cold temperatures and winter wind than those growing in your garden. For this reason, plants that are normally hardy in your zone may not survive the winter in a container. To protect container-grown shrubs and perennials, place them in a sheltered area, such as a heated garage, where temperatures do not dip below freezing. Another alternative is to bury the crack-resistant container in the garden and mulch with at least 6″ of straw, leaves, or other material.

Routine CareMaintaining your plants throughout the year will help them become established more quickly in your garden and thrive for years to come.Mulch. Apply a 2-inch-thick layer of mulch over your perennial beds and around roses and shrubs to help retain moisture, maintain even soil temperatures, and suppress weeds. Keep mulch 1–2″ away from trunks and stems to prevent insect, rodent, and disease injury.

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Water. Most plants need consistently moist soil during their first season in your garden. Check the soil moisture at root depth and water as needed to maintain even soil moisture. Fertilize. To get your new plants off to the best start, mix a slow-release, garden plant fertilizer such as Dutch Gardens Performance Plus® or SeaGreen Natural Soil Booster® into the planting hole. For vigorous growth and flowering, apply a natural liquid fertilizer every 2–3 weeks during the growing season. Stop fertilizing shrubs, roses, and trees 6–8 weeks before the first expected autumn frost date to allow plants to prepare for dormancy. Deadhead. To encourage maximum flowering, promptly remove spent blooms. Use clean scissors or shears to cut the flower stems back to 1⁄8– 1⁄4″ from a healthy leaf.Divide Perennials. Vigorous perennials require division every 3–5 years. It’s time to divide when your plants appear too crowded or flower production or plant vigor decreases. Early spring and fall are best times. Dig up the clump, retaining as many roots as possible, and divide the plant by gently pulling or cutting clumps away from the main plant. Fall Cleanup for Perennials. The stems of most herbaceous perennials die back in autumn. You may cut the shoots down to the ground and remove or let the stems remain throughout the winter to help catch snow—a natural insulator. Remove the dead stems before new growth begins in the spring. Winter Storage for Tender Bulbs. Some of the bulbs we offer for spring planting are not winter-hardy* in all areas in the country and will not survive if left outdoors year round. (See our Plant-Specific Instructions for details.) Bring these bulbs indoors and store them until the following spring. Here’s how: 1. Dig bulbs before the first frost and allow them to dry for a few days in a

frost-free location. Remove remaining foliage and brush off excess soil.2. Store in a cool, dry and dark place for the winter. See specific plant

descriptions for more details.*If you’re unsure what hardiness zone you live in, please go to our web site at www.dutchgardens.com and use the Zone Finder — or call us at 1-800-944-2250.

Pruning Shrubs and Trees. Newly planted shrubs and trees usually do not need pruning in their first year. In subsequent years, prune off any branches that rub against one another or grow toward the center of the plant. Plants can also be pruned to maintain shape and avoid overcrowding. Use sharp pruning shears and make the cut to an outward pointing bud or to within 1⁄8″ of the base of the twig. See specific plant descriptions for more information.

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Guide to Care Symbols

Light Requirements Full sun equals at least 6 hours per day of direct exposure. Part sun /part shade equals 4–6 hours of morning sun or

dappled light. Plants need shelter from sun exposure at midday and in the afternoon, especially in hot climates.

Shade means less than 4 hours of direct morning light or no direct sun exposure.

Soil Moisture Moist soil means that the plant prefers constantly moist soil and

may be suitable for planting near ponds or in seasonally wet soil. Regular or well-drained soil doesn’t remain soggy after watering,

but holds enough moisture to support healthy plant growth. It contains organic matter and has a loose, crumbly texture. Plants with this symbol require good drainage.

Droughty soil dries quickly after watering. It also occurs in areas with infrequent rainfall. Plants with this symbol are drought tolerant after their roots become well established.

Deer Resistance Deer find some plants distasteful and are less likely to eat them.

Although hungry deer will eat almost any plant, the ones with this symbol are more resistant to deer damage.

Cut Flowers Plants with this symbol make good cut flowers for bouquets.

Butterfly-Attracting Plants The flowers of these plants attract butterflies and other nectar

feeders.

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Ready-to-Plant GardensPlanting your Ready-to-Plant Perennial Garden is as easy as one, two, three! Each garden is designed to cover an approximate area, given in square feet. Use the following designs or vary the shape of the garden to fit your individual landscape. For best results, prepare your soil as described on Page 2, and refer to the Plant-Specific Instructions in this guide for planting and spacing instructions.

Small Dynamic Shade Garden

Creates a 15 square-foot garden (approximately 3′ x 5′)

A. Illumination Vinca, 1 plant B. Hardy Fuchsia, 1 plant C. Raspberry Splash Pulmonaria, 1 plant D. Purple Dragon Lamium, 1 plant

Large Dynamic Shade GardenCreates a 30 square-foot garden (approximately 5′ x 6′)

A. Illumination Vinca, 2 plants B. Hardy Fuchsia, 2 plants

C. Raspberry Splash Pulmonaria, 2 plants

D. Purple Dragon Lamium, 2 plants

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5 ft.

3 ft.

5 ft.

6 ft.

B BC C

DA A

D

BC

DA

Plant-Specific Instructions

Acer palmatum, Japanese Maple

Spacing: 10–15′ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–15′ Hardy: Zones 5–8 These dwarf trees prefer moist, well-drained, acidic soil that’s rich in organic matter. To appreciate their graceful form, plant them where they can grow to their full width without pruning. Plant in a protected location in Zone 5.

Achillea

Spacing: 24-30″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 30-36″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 3-9 Achillea or Yarrow flourishes in sunny, warm conditions. Provide well drained soil for a long life in the garden. Remove spent flowers to encourage more blooming.

Acidanthera bicolor, Peacock Orchid

Spacing: 6–8″ Planting depth: 4–5″Height: 20–30″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 7–9Please refer to the growing instructions for Gladiolus on Page 23. In Zones 7 and 8, apply a 2” layer of mulch to improve winter hardiness.

Ajuga

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 2–6" Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Plants spread into large colonies by stolons, horizontal stems that root where they touch the ground. An ideal groundcover for hard-to-mow areas, but avoid planting adjacent to lawns where it may spread.

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Alcea rosea, Hollyhock

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4–6′ Blooms: early to mid summer Hardy: Zones 3–8These stately, old-fashioned favorites are perfect for planting at the back of a border or against a wall or fence. Avoid windy areas or provide support for the tall stems. Hollyhocks are prone to a rust disease that causes orange to brown spots on the leaves. To help prevent this, plant in a site that receives morning sun and has good air circulation. Remove any affected foliage and dispose of the plant stalks after they die in autumn.

Allium tanguticum, Summer Beauty

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 18–24″ Blooms: early to mid summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Alliums have onion-scented bulbs and foliage that repel rodents and deer. Grassy foliage clumps remain attractive all season.

Amaryllis, Belladonna

Spacing: 8–10″ Planting depth: top inch of bulb above soil surfaceHeight: 24–36″ Blooms: late summer Hardy: Zones 7–10 Suitable: Zones 3–10These bulbs are happiest when allowed to grow undisturbed in the ground or in pots. Where they are hardy, select a garden site where they can remain for several years. In Zone 7, apply a 2–3″ layer of mulch over the planting area in the late fall. In colder zones, plant in a pot so that you can move them indoors for the winter. Allow the soil to dry completely before storing at 55–70°F.

Anchusa azurea, Italian Forget-Me-Not

Spacing: 24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 3–4′ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 3–8Good drainage is very important for the life of this plant. Due to it’s taller height, Anchusa is best located in the back of the border or in the middle of an island bed.

Anemone, Queen Charlotte and Pamina

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 30–36″ Blooms: late summer to fall Hardy: Zones 5–8Plant in part shade in warm climates. It may take a couple of years to become full blooming. Please refer to plant labels for specific spacing and height.

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Angelica gigas, Angelica

Spacing: 3′ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4–6′ Blooms: late summer to early fall Hardy: Zones 4–8Angelica performs best in partial shade and moist soil. Provide ample space for growth and locate in back of other shade loving perennials.

Aquilegia, Columbine

Spacing: 12–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 20–36″ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 3–9These boldly colored perennials attract hummingbirds. Please refer to plant labels for specific spacing and height. Deadhead for repeat bloom.

Arisaema sikokianum, Japanese Jack-in-the-Pulpit

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 18–30″ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 5–9Plant in acidic, humus-rich soil. Plants produce two leaves, each divided into three leaflets and often brushed with silver markings. Hooded, chalice-shaped flowers emerge from mature plants in spring and bright, red-orange seeds develop from pollinated flowers. Female flowers have white bulblike part under their hood. The centers of male flowers have a corncob appearance instead. Plants may produce male or female flowers, depending on the size of their bulb and roots. All Jack-in-the-Pulpit plants start out male and may develop into females as they grow older and larger. Foliage dies back by late summer.

Arisarum proboscideum, Mouse Tails

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: 2 to 3 times the width of the bulbHeight: 6″ Blooms: mid to late spring Hardy: Zones 5–9Flowers on long wiry stems resemble mice creeping beneath the foliage. Plant in moist but well-drained soil. The plants go dormant by late summer or earlier in droughty soil.

Armeria maritima, Seathrift

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–8″ Blooms: mid-spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 3–8Armeria grows best in sunny areas with well drained soils. Drought tolerant once established.

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Aruncus

Spacing: 24–30″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24″ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Aruncus are adaptable to varying light conditions from shade to partial shade in warmer areas. Can be planted in sunnier areas in cooler areas.

Asclepias tuberosa, Butterfly Flower

Spacing: 24–36″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24–36″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 3–9This perennial does best in a sunny location where it can grow undisturbed. The unusual, waxy-looking flowers mature into clusters of canoe-shaped seed pods that are great for dried autumn arrangements. Remove faded flowers to encourage new blooms.

Astilbe

Spacing: 10–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 8–28″ Blooms: summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Plumed flower spikes bloom above mounds of dark green, fernlike foliage. Keep soil consistently moist throughout the growing season. See labels for specific height and spacing information.

Astrantia major

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Astrantia naturally forms long-lived clumps in damp woodlands and meadows. In areas with hot summers, plant in part shade.

Aubrieta

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4″ Blooms: mid to late spring Hardy: Zones 5–8Aubretia makes an effective groundcover particularly on sunny slopes. Well drained soils are preferred.

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Begonia, Tuberous

Spacing: 8–20″ Planting depth: 1–2″Height: 8–16″ Blooms: mid-summer to fall Hardy: Zones 9–10 Suitable: Zones 3-10Begonia tubers are slow to start growing, typically taking 4 to 6 weeks to show signs of growth. Once they begin blooming, they produce flowers until fall. Keep Begonia’s cultural requirements in mind when choosing where to plant them: • Provide morning sun and afternoon shade. Avoid hot, sunny locations.• Keep soil evenly moist, but well drained. Do not allow water to stand in pots.• Provide good air circulation so that foliage dries quickly after watering.• Protect from strong wind.Plant tubers rounded side down and hollow or dimpled side up. You may see evidence of pink growth tips on the “up” side. For earlier bloom, plant tubers in pots 6 to 8 weeks before your last anticipated spring frost. Apply a liquid fertilizer every 2 to 3 weeks during the growing season. Begonias are hardy in Zones 9–10 and can remain in the ground over the winter. In Zone 9, apply a protective layer of mulch. In Zones 3–8, store the tubers indoors for the winter. Dig the tubers and allow them to dry in a frost-free location, out of direct sunlight, for a day or two. Remove the foliage and excess soil. Store in dry peat moss in a dark place at 35–40°F. See labels for specific height and spacing information. Visit www.dutchgardens.com for more about growing Begonias.

Bellis perennis, English Daisy

Spacing: 8–10″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4–6″ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Bellis is a biennial that reseeds itself readily. Grows well in full sun to partial shade.

Bessera elegans, Coral Drops

Spacing: 3–4″ Planting depth: 2–3"Height: 18–24″ Blooms: mid summer Hardy: Zones 8–10Plant the bulbs in very well-drained soil in a patio container or garden site. Coral Drops need moisture when growing, but must be kept dry during their winter dormant period. Before the first fall frost, bring the potted bulbs into a protected, non-freezing place and allow the soil to dry. Store at room temperature until spring, then begin watering for another season of bloom.

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Brugsmansia, Angel Trumpet

Spacing: 6′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 6-8′ Blooms: summer to frostHardy: Zones 9-10 Suitable: Zones 4-10Angel Trumpets are perhaps best utilized as container plants in areas with cold winters where the container can be brought indoors when hard frosts of autumn occur. Will perform in sunny to partially shaded areas. Care should be taken around children and pets as plant parts are considered poisonous.

Brunnera macrophylla, Jack Frost

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 12–15″ Blooms: spring Hardy: Zones 3–8Brunnera is a valuable addition to a shade garden and a good companion for spring-blooming bulbs. Plant in moist, humus-rich soil.

Buddleia, Butterfly Bush

Spacing: 3–4′ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 5–8′ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 5–10In Zones 5–6, the woody stems may die back completely in the winter, but the plant will resprout from the base the following spring. In Zone 4, you can try to overwinter it by applying a 5 to 6-inch layer of mulch in late fall.

Caladium

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 30–36″ Hardy: Zones 9–10 Suitable: Zones 4–10Caladiums like moist well drained soil and shaded to partially shaded areas of the garden. They are excellent container plants.

Campanula

Spacing: 12–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–24″ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Remove spent flowers to prolong the bloom period. Most Campanulas form attractive colonies via underground shoots or by scattering their seeds. See labels for specific height and spacing information. Viking and Samantha Campanulas are hardy in Zones 5–9.

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Campsis radicans, Hummingbird Vine

Spacing: 6–8′ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 20–40′ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–8Plant this woody, clinging vine 12–18″ from a strong support, such as a trellis or large tree. Tie new shoots to the support for the first year or two, until they develop clinging aerial roots. Prune out crowded stems in late winter to early spring.

Canna

Spacing: 12–36″ Planting depth: 3–4"Height: 30–72″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 7–10 Suitable: Zones 3–10If your frost-free date is still a few weeks away, you can start the plants indoors. Plant each rhizome in a one-gallon container using potting mix that drains well, and place in a sunny indoor location. Keep the potting mix barely moist. Transplant into your garden or into pots at least 12″ in diameter, taking care to avoid disturbing the roots. In Zones 7–8, apply a protective layer of mulch in fall to improve winter hardiness. In Zones 2–6, dig up and store the rhizomes indoors for the winter. Following the first mild frost, trim the stalks to 6–8″ from the ground and dig the plants, removing any adhering soil. Dry them for a few days in a frost-free location, out of direct sunlight, and then store in peat moss in a dry place at 45-55° F. Please refer to plant labels for specific height and spacing information.

Catananche caerulea, Blue Cupidone

Spacing: 24–30″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24–30″ Blooms: mid-summer to fall Hardy: Zones 5–10Blue Cupidone thrives in sunny warm conditions and provides long lasting flowers in the garden or as a cutflower. Does best in well-drained soil.

Citrus, Meyeri Lemon, Valencia Orange

Spacing: 24–36″ in pots Planting depth: rootball level with soil surfaceHeight: 36–48″ in pots Blooms: summer Hardy: Zones 9–10 Suitable: Zones 3–10These trees can grow to 10′ or more, but remain much smaller when grown in containers. Plant in moist, fertile soil in an 8″ or wider container. As the tree grows, transplant into larger pots as needed. Move indoors before frost and grow in a sunny window.

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Clematis Hybrids

Spacing: 30–48″ Planting depth: top of root ball 1–2″ below soil surfaceHeight: 6–12′ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Clematis vines prefer their tops in the sun and roots in the shade. They climb by twisting their leaf stems around thin supports such as wire or twigs. Plant 12″ from the support in compost-rich soil. Please refer to plant labels for specific spacing and height. After planting, prune each vine back to a pair of strong, fat buds to promote branching. Apply 2″ of mulch to keep the roots cool and help maintain consistent soil moisture. Place a cylinder of wire mesh around the vine to exclude mice, rabbits, and voles. Plants will develop strong roots the first year and top growth may be spindly. Plants may not bloom until the second or third year.Beginning in the second season, proper pruning will increase plant vigor and flower production. Clematis are divided into three different pruning groups:• Group 1 blooms only on old and previous year’s stems in early summer. Prune

immediately after bloom ends, and cut out only dead and weak stems as needed. This group includes Clematis species C. alpina, C. montana, and C. macropetala.

• Group 2 blooms on previous year’s stems early in the summer and again on new growth later in the summer. Prune these vines back in early spring to the uppermost pair of fat, healthy buds. Spread out and tie the remaining stems to their support carefully. This group includes Anna Louise, Asao, Blue Ravine, Crystal Fountain, Dr. Ruppel, Dutchess of Edinburgh, Josephine, Multiblue, Niobe, and The President.

• Group 3 blooms only on current year’s growth later in the summer. Prune in early spring by cutting vines just above a pair or two of healthy, fat buds about 12–18″ from the ground. This group includes Galore, Hagley Hybrid, and Earnest Markham.

Colocasia, Elephant Ear

Spacing: 3–5′ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 3–5′ Hardy: Zones 8–10 Suitable: Zones 4-10Plant in fertile, moist soil where it will be protected from hot midday sun and strong wind, or grow in pots at least 18” diameter. Water frequently and fertilize weekly with a water-soluble fertilizer. In Zones 7 and colder, bring indoors in winter and grow as a houseplant or allow the soil to dry completely. Cut off the withered foliage and store at 50–60°F in a dark place until spring. In Zones 8–10, Colocasia can remain in the garden year round, but foliage will die back as the weather cools. Please see plant labels for specific spacing and height.

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Convallaria majalis, Lily of the Valley

Spacing: 4–8″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–8″ Blooms: late spring Hardy: Zones 2–8Lily of the Valley is a carefree ground cover that spreads rapidly via under-ground stems in nearly any soil. Install lawn edging to restrict its growth. Pink Lily of the Valley is hardy in zones 3–9.

Coreopsis

Spacing: 18-24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 18–24″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Plants bloom from spring to mid summer and produce seeds that attract songbirds. Remove spent flowers to prolong the bloom period. Heaven’s Gate Coreopsis is hardy in zones 5–9. Please refer to plant labels for specific spacing and height.

Cornus canadensis, Bunchberry

Spacing: 6″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–8″ Blooms: early to mid summer Hardy: Zones 3–7

A relative of the flowering dogwood tree, this native ground-covering wood-land plant enjoys similar growing conditions. Plant in cool, moist, acidic, humus-rich soil.

Corydalis

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 12–16″ Blooms: late spring to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–8Corydalis is a good plant for a dry, shady area where it will multiply, forming a substantial clump in just a few seasons. Its tubular flowers last for weeks above the delicate fernlike foliage. Plants may become dormant by mid summer. Berry Exciting Corydalis is hardy in zones 5–9. Please refer to plant labels for specific spacing and height.

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Corylus avellana, Contorted Hazelnut

Spacing: 8-10′ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 8-10′ Blooms: spring Hardy: Zones 4-8Contorted Hazelnut can be allowed to grow as a shrub or trained as a small tree by pruning lower branches. Plant in a sunny to lightly shaded area. Adaptable to most soils.

Crambe

Spacing: 3′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4-6′ Blooms: early summer Hardy: Zones 5-8Crambe develops impressive height and spread over time. So allow ample space in the sunny garden. Perhaps best utilized as a background plant, with smaller plants in front. Provide a well drained soil.

Crocosmia

Spacing: 4–5″ Planting depth: 3–4″Height: 15–32″ Blooms: late summer Hardy: Zones 5–9 Suitable: Zones 3–9Gracefully arching flower spikes bloom above grassy foliage and make a bold display when planted in groups of 10–15 bulbs. In Zones 5–6, apply a thick layer of mulch in fall to increase winter hardiness. In Zones 3–4, dig the bulbs after the first frost and dry them in a shady place for a few days, then remove any excess soil and remaining foliage. Store bulbs at 35–40°F in a dry place.

Curcoma alismatifolia, Summer Tulip

Spacing: 6″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 30-36″ Blooms: early to late summerHardy: Zones 9-10 Suitable: Zones 4-10This tropical bulb originally from Thailand is in the Ginger family. Simply plant these bulbs in well-drained soil in a sunny location in the garden or in a container and enjoy a long summer show. Flowers are incredibly long lasting and are grown in Thailand like the Dutch grow tulips.

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Dahlia

Spacing: 10–24″ Planting depth: crown 3–4″ deepHeight: 10–48″ Blooms: mid summer to fallHardy: Zones 8–10 Suitable: Zones 4–10See individual labels for specific height and spacing information. For earlier blooms, start indoors by planting each tuber in a 1-gallon container in potting mix that drains well. Grow in a warm, sunny spot until the danger of frost has passed. Disturb the roots as little as possible when transplanting. Dahlias that grow taller than 3′ benefit from support stakes. Low-growing dahlias are suitable for window boxes and 12″ or larger pots. Space them about 8–10″ apart in containers. To develop bushier plants with more flowers, pinch off the top of the shoot after the first four leaves have developed. In Zone 8, apply a protective layer of mulch in late fall. In Zones 7 and colder areas of the country, dig up the tubers following the first mild frost. Dry them for a few days in a shady, frost-free location, remove excess soil and trim stems to 2–4″. Store in dry sand or a paper bag at 40–50°F. Check for signs of rot or shriveling every few weeks and discard decaying plants. Mist shriveling tubers lightly with water or pack in slightly damp peat.

Delosperma cooperi, Ice Plant

Spacing: 12-15″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 3″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 5-9One of the finest drought-resistant ground covers for sunny areas with fast draining soil.

Delphinium

Spacing: 24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4–6′ Blooms: early summer Hardy: Zones 3–7Delphinium’s spirelike flowers are very attractive to butterflies and hummingbirds. Plant in fertile, well-drained soil and protect them from strong wind or tie the flower spikes to stakes. Cut spent flower stalks down to the top of the foliage after bloom to encourage repeat flowering. Delphiniums do not thrive in hot, humid climates. Please refer to plant labels for specific spacing and height.

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Dianthus

Spacing: 7–18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–18″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 5–9Plant in well-drained soil. To encourage additional long-lasting, fragrant flowers, remove the blooms as they fade. Refer to the plant label for specific spacing and height information. Starry Night Dianthus is hardy in zones 3–9.

Dicentra, King of Hearts and Burning Hearts

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 8–12″ Blooms: late spring to early fall Hardy: Zones 5–9Low-growing mounds of blue-green, fernlike foliage produce rose-red flowers for many weeks throughout the summer. In warm summer areas, plant in shade or spots with morning sun only.

Dicentra spectabilis, Bleeding Heart

Spacing: 12–30″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 24–36″ Blooms: late spring Hardy: Zones 2–9 See plant labels for specific spacing and height. Bleeding Heart produces graceful stems hung with many white or pink-and-white, heart-shaped flowers in late spring. Plants go dormant after flowering, especially in hot climates, so plant them among other garden plants to camouflage their fading foliage. Gold Heart Dicentra is hardy in zones 4–8.

Digitalis purpurea, Foxglove

Spacing: 12–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 30–48″ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 4–8Remove spent flowers to encourage late summer reblooming. Note that all parts of this plant are toxic to humans and animals if eaten. Please refer to plant labels for specific spacing and height.

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Echinacea, Coneflower

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surface Height: 18–40″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Echinacea is a hardy native perennial that tolerates heat and drought after its roots become established. See labels for specific height and spacing. Red Knee High Coneflower is hardy in zones 3-10.

Echinops sphaerocephalus, Arctic Glow Globeflower

Spacing: 24″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 28–32″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Echinops are adaptable to most soils and can withstand drought once established. Remove spent flowers to promote more blooming.

Epimedium x rubrum

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 8–12″ Blooms: mid to late spring Hardy: Zones 4–8Thrives in cool shady garden as a companion for other perennials and bulbs. Can tolerate dry shady areas under trees as well.

Eremurus, Foxtail Lily

Spacing: 24–30″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surface Height: 36–48″ Blooms: summer Hardy: Zones 5–9These tall, elegant flower spikes may require staking in windy areas. The unusual-looking bulbs have roots that resemble starfish. Dig your planting hole wide enough to accommodate the roots without damaging them. Add a 2″ layer of winter mulch in Zones 5–6.

Eryngium, Sea Holly

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surface Height: 24–30″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–8Sea Holly is native to areas with dry, rocky, or sandy soils, and thrives in almost any garden site except where the soil remains wet through the winter.

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Erysimum, ‘Bowles Mauve’

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24–30″ Blooms: early summer to fall Hardy: Zones 6–9Erysimum needs full sun and well drained soil to grow well. Remove spent blooms to promote energetic blooming until fall.

Eucomis comosa, Pineapple Lily

Spacing: 18–24″ depending on species Planting depth: 4–5″ deep Height: 24–30″ Blooms: late summer Hardy: Zones 8–10 Suitable: Zones 4–10Pineapple lilies can be grown with equal success in your garden or in a container. Apply a 2” layer of mulch in the late fall in Zones 7–8 to improve winter hardiness. In Zones 7 and colder, store the bulbs indoors for the winter. After the first frost, dig up from the garden or bring container-grown plants indoors. Allow to dry out completely, then store at 40–50°F in a dry place. See labels for specific height and spacing information.

Euphorbia

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 10–12″ Blooms: late spring Hardy: Zones 5–7Plant in well-drained soil. Provide afternoon shade in hot climates. Note: Wear gloves when planting because sap may irritate the skin of sensitive individuals.

Fern, Autumn ‘Brilliance’ (Dryopteris erythrosora ‘Brilliance’)

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24″ Hardy: Zones 5–9New spring fronds emerge orange-bronze, then turn deep green for the summer. It’s native to dry woodlands where it forms spreading colonies.

Fern, Japanese Painted, Ghost (Athyrium niponicum)

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 12–24″ Hardy: Zones 3–8Attractive foliage makes an excellent groundcover in a shade garden and is a good companion for spring-flowering bulbs.

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Fern, Ostrich Plume (Matteuccia struthiopteris)

Spacing: 24–30″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24–30″ Hardy: Zones 3–9This shade-loving plant will produce tall fronds in the spring followed by smaller, more upright fronds in mid to late summer. Plants spread by underground rhizomes to form dense colonies.

Fragaria, Strawberry/Strazzberry

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 8–12″ Hardy: Zones 4–9 Soak your bareroot plants in a bucket of water while digging planting holes to allow them to take up some water. Plant bareroot strawberry plants so that the crown is just at the soil surface. Planting too deeply or shallowly will prevent good growth. Fruiting is often sparce the first year when the plant is establishing itself. In fact some growers recommend removing blossoms the first year to prevent fruiting. This is to ensure the vigorous growth of the plant and better fruiting next year. Mulch plants with straw or leaves in late fall where winters are severe.

Freesia

Spacing: 4″ Planting depth: 2–3″Height: 15–24″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 8–9 Suitable: Zones 3–9Sweetly fragrant Freesia is a good choice for cutting gardens or containers. To ensure proper flower development, plant bulbs when soil temperatures will remain below 65°F for the first 6 to 8 weeks after planting. In Zones 3–7, store the bulbs indoors over the winter. After the first frost, dig the bulbs, allow them to dry for a few days in a frost-free location, and then remove the foliage and excess soil. Store the bulbs in a paper bag in a dry place at 40–50°F.

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Fuchsia magellanica, Hardy Fuchsia

Spacing: 24–36″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 2–3′ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 5–9Pendulous, tubular flowers attract hummingbirds. In Zones 7–9, this perennial behaves like a shrub and grows 4–6′ high and wide. To maintain a shorter and more compact plant, prune each spring to within a few inches of the ground. In Zones 5–6, the branches may die back in the winter, but new growth sprouts from the base of the plant each spring. Apply 2–3″ of mulch in fall to improve winter hardiness.

Gaillardia

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 14–30″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 3–10Improved varieties of this native prairie plant are easy to grow in any well-drained soil. To encourage flower production, remove flowers regularly as they fade. See labels for specific height and spacing information.

Geranium

Spacing: 12–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surface Height: 10–24″ Blooms: early to mid summer Hardy: Zones 4–8Perennial Geraniums bloom freely on mounds of attractive foliage. Flowering begins in early summer and continues for many weeks, making them a great choice for a groundcover or a perennial border in nearly any soil. See labels for specific spacing and height information.

Gladiolus

Spacing: 4–6″ Planting depth: 4–5″Height: 15–48″ Blooms: early summer to fall Hardy: Zones 7–10 Suitable: Zones 3–10For a succession of summer bouquets, plant groups of bulbs every 10–14 days from spring until late June. The “up” side of the bulb is tapered and the “down” side may have dried roots. Protect from strong winds and use plant supports to keep stems straight. Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer about every 10 days from the time the buds appear until flowers begin to open. In Zone 7 apply several inches of mulch in late autumn. In Zones 6 and colder, dig before the first frost, dry the bulbs in a frost-free location for a few days, then remove excess soil, roots, stems, and baby bulbs. Store in paper or netted bags at 40–55°F in a dark, dry place. See labels for specific spacing and height information.

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Grass, Hakonechloa

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 12–24″ Blooms: late spring Hardy: Zones 5–9This grass grows best in moist but well-drained soil. In hot climates, plant in shade to part shade. In Zones 5 and 6, cover with several inches of mulch in late fall to help protect the roots from winter damage. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

Grass, Miscanthus sinensis

Spacing: 3–4′ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 3–6′ Blooms: mid summer to fall Hardy: Zones 4–9These native grasses are ideal for planting in large drifts or as accents in borders. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

Grass, Pennisetum alopecuroides

Spacing: 18–36″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 30-48″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 5–9Plant in moist but well-drained soil. Divide every few years to increase plant vigor. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

Grass, Spodiopogon sibercus

Spacing: 3′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surface Height: 3-4′ Blooms: late summer Hardy: Zones 4-9This unique ornamental grass grows best in areas where the soil is consistently moist making it an excellent choice for areas in the landscape that receive drainage from slopes or downspouts.

Helenium

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 36″ Blooms: summer to fall Hardy: Zones 3–9These drought-tolerant prairie plants thrive in any well-drained soil. In Zones 7–9, prune floppy stems in mid-summer to encourage branching and additional flowers. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

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Heliopsis helianthoides

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 3″ Blooms: mid-summer to fall Hardy: Zones 4–9This native perennial pairs well with ornamental grasses, asters, and other late summer bloomers. It tolerates a wide range of growing conditions, but grows best in well-drained soil.

Hemerocallis, Daylily

Spacing: 12–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surface. Height: 12–32″ Blooms: summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Daylilies are among the easiest perennials to grow because they tolerate nearly any soil. Each flower opens for just one day, but each flower stalk carries many buds that open continuously over a long period in summer. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

Heuchera and Heucherella

Spacing: 12–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–15″ Blooms: early to mid summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Ornamental foliage makes these perennials valuable additions to moist shady gardens. To help retain soil moisture, apply a 2″ layer of mulch to the planting area in the spring. Some varieties tolerate more sun than others do. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

Hosta

Spacing: 12–36″ Planting depth: sprouts just below soil surfaceHeight: 15–96″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Use Hostas as a groundcover or border for shade and cut foliage and flower spikes for bouquets. Protect from deer, slugs and snails. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

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Hydrangea arborescens, Incrediball

Spacing: 4–5′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4–5′ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Incredible may take a year to develop sturdy stems that are capable of fully supporting the large flowering heads. In areas with hot summers, plant Incrediball in a partially shaded area to increase the longevity of the blooms. Avoid intense afternoon sun as well.

Hydrangea paniculata, Pinky Winky

Spacing: 5′ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–8′ Blooms: late summer to early fall Hardy: Zones 3–7Flower buds form on the current year’s new growth, so even severe winters won’t stop it from blooming. Prune in early spring, if needed.

Iris crestata, Crested Iris

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 8–12″ Blooms: mid to late spring Hardy: Zones: 3–9This native wildflower grows naturally in moist, humus-rich soil at the edges of woodlands. Plants spread slowly by underground stems. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

Iris ensata, Japanese Iris and Iris Versicolor (Monique)

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: 1–2″Height: 30–48″ Blooms: early to mid-summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Thrives in moist areas, but avoid planting in heavy clay or soil that remains wet through winter. Divide clumps when flowering declines.

Iris germanica, German or Bearded Iris

Spacing: 12–14″ Planting depth: top of rhizome or root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 30–40″ Blooms: early summer Hardy: Zones: 3–9Plant rhizomes in fertile, well-drained, moist soil. Dig shallow trenches and drape the roots over a ridge of soil. If planted too deeply or in poorly drained soil, the rhizomes may rot. Dig and divide clumps in mid to late summer every few years to maintain vigor and flowering. Replant only solid, healthy rhizomes with strong roots and shoots.

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Iris siberica, Siberian

Spacing: 18-24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 24-34″ Blooms: early summer Hardy: Zones 3-9Easy to grow and adaptable to most soils including difficult wet ones. The clump may need to be divided in 3 years to avoid overcrowding.

Kniphofia

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: 1–2"Height: 36–48″ Hardy: Zones 5–9Plant in fertile, moist, well-drained soil. Their tubular flowers are hummingbird favorites. In Zones 5–9, allow the leaves to remain over the winter—they will act as natural mulch. In the spring, refresh the plant by cutting the foliage back to about 2–3" above the ground. In Zones 3–4, grow in containers. Move indoors after frost and store in a frost-free place.

Lamium maculatum, Purple Dragon

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4–8″ Blooms: spring Hardy: Zones 3–8Grow Lamium as a groundcover in damp shady areas of the garden. Keep the soil moist in hot climates.

Leucanthemum superbum, Shasta Daisy

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 15–36″ Blooms: summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Plant in well-drained soil. Excess moisture, especially in winter and cool weather, will cause root rot. Please see labels for specific spacing and height.

Lewisia longipetala

Spacing: 10″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surface Height: 6–10″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–8Grows best in dry conditions in sandy or gravelly soil. Once established will often rebloom later in the summer. Terrific plant for areas that are already mulched in gravel with increases drainage around plant crown.

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Liatris spicata, Blazing Stars

Spacing: 6–8″ Planting depth: 2″Height: 20–30″ Blooms: summer Hardy: Zones 3–9The long-lasting flower spikes look best when planted in groups of 5 bulbs or more. In Zones 3 and 4, apply a 2″ layer of mulch in the late fall.

Lilium

Spacing: 6–18″ Planting depth: 6–8″ Height: 4–72″ Blooms: summer Hardy: Zone 3–9Lily bulbs do not have a protective tunic or “coat” to prevent them from drying out, so plant these fragile bulbs as soon as they arrive. Lilies like their “heads” in the sun and their “feet” in the shade. Apply mulch to the planting area to keep their roots cool. Lift and divide only when flowering diminishes or plants become less vigorous. For more details on specific varieties, please see individual labels.

Lupinus hybrids, Lupines

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 18–24″ Blooms: early to mid-summer Hardy: Zones 4–7Plant in fertile, moist, well-drained soil where they can colonize and remain undisturbed. Take care not to disturb their roots when transplanting. They often spread their seeds freely, creating lovely colonies.

Lychnis

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 12-15″ Blooms: early to mid-summer Hardy: Zones 3-9Prefers average to consistently moist soil. Provide water during periods of drought.

Musa, Banana

Spacing: 3-5′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 3-8′ Blooms: early to mid-summerHardy: Zones 9-10 Suitable: Zones 4-10Musa is at home in a sunny to partially shaded garden or in a larger container. Thrives in warm humid weather with average to above average moisture, and will grow rapidly in these conditions.

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Origanum, Oregano

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 10–12″ Blooms: summer Hardy: Zones 6–9Pale green to pink flower bracts tumble over walls and spill from hanging baskets and pots. Plant in fertile, well-drained soil. Water as needed to keep soil moist.

Oxalis

Spacing: 3–4″ Planting depth: 2″Height: 6–8″ Blooms: early to mid summer Hardy: Zones 7–9 Suitable: Zones 3–10Plant these small bulbs in rock gardens, containers or borders. In Zones 6 and colder, dig up the bulbs after the first light frost and store in peat moss or vermiculite at 35–40°F for the winter.

Paeonia, Peony

Spacing: 24–60″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surface Height: 24–60″ Blooms: early summer Hardy: Zones 4–8Plant peonies with the eyes or buds no deeper than 1–2″. If planted too deeply, they will not flower. In hot summer climates, plant them where they will be shaded during the hottest part of the day. Peonies usually do not bloom until their second or third year after planting. Please see labels for specific spacing and height

Papaver, Poppy

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 28–30″ Blooms: early summer Hardy: Zones 3–8

These plants go dormant after summer bloom, and sprout new foliage in late summer to fall. Manhattan Poppy reblooms in the fall in warmer zones and in preferred growing conditions.

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Eye

Crown

Bareroot Peony

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Penstemon

Spacing: 20″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 30″ Blooms: early to mid-summer Hardy: Zones 3–8

Plant in well-drained soil. Cover with several inches of mulch in late autumn in the coldest zones to protect from winter weather.

Persicaria

Spacing: 3–5′ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 3–5′ Blooms: early summer to fall Hardy: Zones 5–9Grows well in moist soils and even heavy clay. Plant needs to be given adequate room to spread. Combines well with other large perennials like ornamental grasses or Russian Sage.

Phlox paniculata, Tall Phlox

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surface Height: 18–48″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–8Plant in well-drained soil with good air circulation and morning sun. To encourage more flowers, cut them regularly for bouquets or deadhead after blooming. Tall hybrid phlox are hardy in zones 3-9. Please see label for specific spacing and height.

Phygelius, Cape Fuchsia

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 20–24″ Blooms: mid summer to fall Hardy: Zones 6–10Hummingbirds adore the tubular flowers on this woody shrub. Plant in moist, fertile, well-drained soil, preferably in full sun. In Zones 6 and 7, plant in a protected place and mulch heavily for the winter. Cut back to a few inches from the ground in spring before growth resumes.

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Phyllostachys nigra, Black Bamboo

Spacing: 3′ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 15–30′ Hardy: Zones 7–10The young stems of this vigorous bamboo gradually darken to black as they mature. It grows best in full sun in loose, fertile, moist soil. Protect from wind by planting in a sheltered place. Prune out the dead and damaged stems as needed—new ones will grow from the roots. Plants become dormant in winter.

Platycodon, Balloonflower

Spacing: 12–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 20–36″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 3–8Pinch off the faded flowers to promote additional flowering. They may require a plant support when in full flower. Avoid moving mature plants.

Polemonium

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 12″ Blooms: mid to late spring Hardy: Zones 3–8Remove faded flowers regularly to encourage more blooms.

Potentilla

Spacing: 12–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 18–24″ Blooms: early to late summer Hardy: Zones 5–8These perennials tolerate drought after they become established.

Primula, Primrose

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 12–18″ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 5–8Apply mulch around the base of plants to help maintain soil moisture. In warm climates, provide shade during the hottest part of the day.

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Prunella

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 6-8″ Blooms: late spring to fall Hardy: Zones 4-8Long blooming low growing perennial that is an excellent choice for planting in sunny areas in front of taller plants or along walkways.

Pulmonaria

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 10–12″ Blooms: late spring Hardy: Zones 3–9This perennial’s foliage remains evergreen in mild climates and makes a weed-smothering groundcover in moist soils.

Rhododendron

Spacing: 4–5′ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4–5′ Blooms: late spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 5–8 This shrub requires moist, humus-rich, acidic soil to thrive. It grows slowly and requires little pruning. Apply loose organic mulch to discourage weeds around the shallow roots. Protect from wind, especially in winter.

Rosa hybrids, Rose

Spacing: 30–48″ Planting depth: see belowHeight: 12–72″ Blooms: summer to fall Hardy: Zones 3–9For information on how to plant bareroot roses, please read the instructions on Page 3. Select a planting site with excellent air circulation to discourage diseases. Roses grow best in fertile, well-drained soil with plenty of compost or organic matter in the planting hole. In Zones 5 and colder, protect roses from winter damage by piling a 6″-deep mound of soil over the roots and crowns. Add several inches of additional loose mulch, such as shredded leaves or bark, after the ground freezes in late fall. Climbing roses need extra winter protection in Zones 6 and colder. In autumn, lay the long canes on the ground, pegging them down if necessary, and cover with burlap and mulch or soil. For the most productive flowering, train the canes horizontally along a fence in the spring.

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Rubus, Raspberries and Blackberries

Spacing: 3-5′ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 4-7′ Hardy: Zones 4-10Raspberries and Blackberries grow best in humus rich soil. Soak roots of plants in a bucket of water while preparing planting holes. Holes should be large enough to accommodate roots when they are spread out in a fan shape. Prune plants to about 6″ tall to encourage growth and also prune any damaged roots. Crowns should be planted at soil level or slightly below. Water well from the base during the first season during dry periods. Plants may not bear until 2nd year. Plants bear on new canes. Prune out old canes after fruiting to provide space and encourage new growth.

Rudbeckia

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 12–24″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Individual Rudbeckia plants typically live for only a year or two, but they self-sow freely and new plants will grow in their place. Plant them with ornamental grasses for a natural prairie look. Please see labels for specific spacing and height.

Sanguinaria canadensis

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 6–8″ Blooms: early to mid-spring Hardy: Zones 3–9Sanguinaria grows best in cool moist woodsy soil. The plant generally goes dormant in the heat of the summer to reappear next spring.

Sanguisorba obtusa, Japanese Burnet

Spacing: 24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 24–30″ Blooms: mid summer to fall Hardy: Zones 4–9

Slender pink bottlebrush flower plumes last for a long time in the garden. Plant in moist soil. Remove spent flowers to keep plants tidy and prevent seed scattering.

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Scabiosa

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 20–24″ Blooms: Summer Hardy: Zones 4–9Plant in a well drained soil for a longer life in the garden. Remove spent flowers to promote more blooming.

Sedum, Sempervivum

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 3–18″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Sedum plants require well-drained soil and can tolerate drought after they become established. Please see labels for specific height and spacing.

Solidago

Spacing: 18″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 2-3′ Blooms: mid-summer to fall Hardy: Zones 3-9Grows easily in average soil with medium to dry moisture levels. Also adapts to poor soil.

Sprekelia formosissima, Aztec Lily

Spacing: 4–6″ Planting depth: 3–4"Height: 12–16″ Blooms: mid summer Hardy: Zones 8–10 Suitable: Zones 3–10Plant in fertile, well drained soil. Best grown in a pot in cold areas or the bulbs may be brought indoors for the winter. Store Aztec Lily bulbs at 45–55°F.

Syringa, Josee

Spacing: 4-5′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4-6′ Blooms: spring to fall Hardy: Zones 2-9Compact habit for smaller gardens. Provide adequate moisture in the summer to promote reblooming. Drought conditions will inhibit reblooming.

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Thalictrum, Meadow Rue

Spacing: 24–30″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 36–48″ Blooms: early to mid summer Hardy: Zones 5–9Meadow Rue is at home in temperate, moist, shady areas by streams, in meadows and in woodlands. Plants may require staking in windy areas. Yellow Meadow Rue is hardy to Zone 6; Thundercloud is hardy to Zone 4. Please see labels for specific height and spacing information.

Thuja, Green Giant Arborvitae

Spacing: 5-6′ for a fast privacy screen otherwise 10-12′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 60′ Hardy: Zones 5-7Can be trimmed to any height and width. Green Giant is adaptable to soils, fast growing and maintenance free.

Tradescantia

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24–30″ Blooms: early to mid-summer Hardy: Zones 3–9Tradescantia are low-maintenance perennials that thrive in poor soils. Keep plants tidy by cutting the sprawling foliage back in midsummer to encourage a new flush of leaves and flowers.

Tricyrtis, Toad Lily

Spacing: 18–24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 20–28″ Blooms: late summer to fall Hardy: Zones 4–8Plant in humus-rich, moist soil where you can appreciate the subtle late-season flowers. In Zone 4, apply several inches of mulch in late fall to increase hardiness. Please see labels for specific height and spacing.

Trifolium rubens, Red Feather

Spacing: 12–18″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 18–24″ Blooms: mid summer Hardy: Zones 5–9Red Feather tolerates dry soil after it becomes well established. Provide regular watering during its first season after planting.

36

Trillium

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: 3–4″ Height: 6–18″ Blooms: mid to late spring Hardy: Zones 4–7Plant the pointed part of the rhizome pointed slightly upward in cool, moist, humus-rich soil. Trilliums may take a year or two to become well established after transplanting. The roots may remain dormant in the soil for up to a year before they sprout top growth. Do not pick the leafy stems, which feed the fleshy roots.

Uvularia

Spacing: 18-24″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 18-24″ Blooms: mid-spring Hardy: Zones 4-9Prefers a moist humus rich soil and partial shade. May go dormant in warmth of summer to return next spring.

Vaccinium, Blueberry

Spacing: 24-70″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 24-70″ Blooms: early summer Hardy: Zones 3–7Plant in moist, humus-rich, acidic soil. The ideal pH range is 4.5–4.8. Mix equal parts soil and damp peat moss in the planting hole. Maintain acidic soil conditions by mulching with pine needles or shredded oak leaves and using a fertilizer for acid-loving plants. Blueberries typically begin bearing fruit in 2–3 years. They produce more berries when planted in proximity to other blueberry varieties. Please refer to plant labels for specific spacing and height.

Verbascum

Spacing: 2′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4-5′ Blooms: mid-summer Hardy: Zones 5-9Good soil drainage is very helpful for a long garden life. Remove spent flowers to promote more blooming.

Veronicastrum virginicum

Spacing: 2′ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4-5′ Blooms: late summer to early fall Hardy: Zones 3-8

Grows best in moist humus rich soils. Place behind other shorter growing plants.

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Vigna caracalla, Corkscrew Vine

Spacing: 12–36″ Planting depth: crown level with soil surfaceHeight: 15–20′ in the south: 4–6′ in the north Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 9–10 Suitable: Zones 3–10Fragrant flower clusters bloom on long vines. Plant 6–12″ from a trellis, arbor, or fence and guide the young vine toward it until it begins to climb. Growth may be slow at first as roots become established. Vines climb by twisting around their support. Potted plants may be overwintered in a cool, non-freezing place. Cut vines back to 24–36″ long and keep soil barely moist. Remove spindly growth in spring before moving outdoors.

Vinca

Spacing: 18–36″ Planting depth: top of root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4–6″ Blooms: early to mid summer Hardy: Zones 4–9 This adaptable, rambling groundcover blooms in spring then flowers sporadically until fall. It prefers extra moisture in hot, sunny zones and spreads readily by growing roots along its creeping stems.

Walsteinia ternate, Barren Strawberry

Spacing: 12″ Planting depth: root ball level with soil surfaceHeight: 4-6″ Blooms: mid-spring to early summer Hardy: Zones 4-9Spreads slowly by underground stems to form a dense mat. Adapts well to varied light conditions, is not fussy about soil and has no serious disease or pest problems.

Zantedeschia, Calla Lily

Spacing: 6–12″ Planting depth: 3–4″Height: 18–28″ Blooms: mid to late summer Hardy: Zones 8–10 Suitable: Zones 3–10Fertilize Callas every 2–3 weeks during active growth and keep the soil evenly moist. In Zones 8 and 9, they can be left in the ground all year if well mulched. In Zones 7 and colder, dig the plants from the garden and store the bulbs in a paper bag or box at 50–60°F in a dry place.

Index of Plants

38

Acer palmatum, Japanese Maple . . . . . . . . . . . .8Achillea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Acidanthera bicolor, Peacock Orchid . . . . . . . .8Ajuga . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Alcea rosea, Hollyhock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Allium, Summer Beauty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Amaryllis, Belladonna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Anchusa azurea, Italian Forget-Me-Not . . . . .9Anemone, Queen Charlotte and Pamina . . . . .9Angelica gigas, Angelica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Aquilegia, Columbine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Arisaema sikokianum, Japanese Jack-in-the-Pulpit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Arisarum proboscideum, Mouse Tails . . . . . 10Armeria maritima, Seathrift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10Aruncus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Asclepias tuberosa, Butterfly Flower . . . . . . .11Astilbe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Astrantia major . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Aubrieta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Begonia, Tuberous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Bellis perennis, English Daisy . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Bessera elegans, Coral Drops . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Brugsmansia, Angel Trumpet . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Brunnera macrophylla, Jack Frost . . . . . . . . . .13Buddleia, Butterfly Bush . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Caladium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Campanula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13Campsis radicans, Hummingbird Vine . . . . .14Canna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14Catananche caerulea, Blue Cupidone . . . . . .14Citrus, Meyeri Lemon, Valencia Orange . . . .14Clematis Hybrids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15Colocasia, Elephant Ear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15Convallaria majalis, Lily of the Valley . . . . . 16Coreopsis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Cornus canadensis, Bunchberry . . . . . . . . . . 16Corydalis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Corylus avellana, Contorted Hazelnut . . . . . .17Crambe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Crocosmia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Curcoma alismatifolia, Summer Tulip . . . . . .17Dahlia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Delosperma cooperi, Ice Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . 18Delphinium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Dianthus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

Dicentra, King of Hearts/Burning Hearts . . .19Dicentra spectabilis, Bleeding Heart . . . . . . .19Digitalis purpurea, Foxglove . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19Echinacea, Coneflower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Echinops sphaerocephalus, Arctic Glow

Globeflower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Epimedium x rubrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Eremurus, Foxtail Lily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Eryngium, Sea Holly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20Erysimum, ‘Bowles Mauve’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Eucomis comosa, Pineapple Lily . . . . . . . . . . .21Euphorbia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Fern, Autumn ‘Brilliance’ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Fern, Japanese Painted, Ghost . . . . . . . . . . . . .21Fern, Ostrich Plume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Fragaria, Strawberry/Strazzberry . . . . . . . . . .22Freesia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22Fuchsia magellanica, Hardy Fuchsia . . . . . . .23Gaillardia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23Geranium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23Gladiolus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23Grass, Hakonechloa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Grass, Miscanthus sinensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Grass, Pennisetum alopecuroides . . . . . . . . . .24Grass, Spodiopogon sibercus . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Helenium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Heliopsis helianthoides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Hemerocallis, Daylily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Heuchera and Heucherella . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Hosta . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25Hydrangea arborescens, Incrediball . . . . . . . 26Hydrangea paniculata, Pinky Winky . . . . . . 26Iris crestata, Crested Iris. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26Iris ensata, Japanese Iris and Iris Versicolor 26Iris germanica, German or Bearded Iris . . . 26Iris siberica, Siberian . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27Kniphofia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27Lamium maculatum, Purple Dragon . . . . . . .27Leucanthemum superbum, Shasta Daisy . . .27Lewisia longipetala . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27Liatris spicata, Blazing Stars . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Lilium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Lupinus hybrids, Lupines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Lychnis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Musa, Banana . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28Origanum, Oregano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29

39

Oxalis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Paeonia, Peony . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Papaver, Poppy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29Penstemon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Persicaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Phlox paniculata, Tall Phlox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Phygelius, Cape Fuchsia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Phyllostachys nigra, Black Bamboo . . . . . . . .31Platycodon, Balloonflower . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31Polemonium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31Potentilla . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31Primula, Primrose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31Prunella . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Pulmonaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Rhododendron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Rosa hybrids, Rose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32Rubus, Raspberries and Blackberries . . . . . . .33Rudbeckia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33Sanguinaria canadensis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33Sanguisorba obtusa, Japanese Burnet. . . . . . .33

Scabiosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34Sedum, Sempervivum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34Solidago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34Sprekelia formosissima, Aztec Lily . . . . . . . . .34Syringa, Josee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34Thalictrum, Meadow Rue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35Thuja, Green Giant Arborvitae . . . . . . . . . . . .35Tradescantia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35Tricyrtis, Toad Lily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35Trifolium rubens, Red Feather . . . . . . . . . . . . .35Trillium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Uvularia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Vaccinium, Blueberry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Verbascum. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Veronicastrum virginicum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36Vigna caracalla, Corkscrew Vine . . . . . . . . . . .37Vinca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37Walsteinia ternate, Barren Strawberry . . . . . .37Zantedeschia, Calla Lily . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37

We wish you a successful gardening season!

4 Currency Drive P.O. Box 2999 Bloomington, IL 61702-2999Email: customerservice@dutchgardens.com • Web: www.dutchgardens.com

Phone: 1-800-944-2250

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