GCCA Support FacilityTraining on mainstreaming

SPREP MembersAmerican SamoaAustraliaCook IslandsFederated States of

MicronesiaFijiFranceFrench PolynesiaGuam

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

Training on mainstreaming of climate change

28 – 2 March 20100,Port Vila, Vanuatu

Dr Netatua Pelesikoti netatuap@sprep.org

GuamKiribatiMarshall IslandsNauruNew CaledoniaNew ZealandNiueNorthern Mariana IslandsPalauPapua New GuineaSamoaSolomon IslandsTokelauTongaTuvaluUnited States of AmericaVanuatuWallis and Futuna

Pacific experience: Key Lessons For Disaster Risk

SPREP MembersAmerican SamoaAustraliaCook IslandsFederated States of

MicronesiaFijiFranceFrench PolynesiaGuam

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

Key Lessons For Disaster Risk Reduction & Climate Change

Mainstreaming

GuamKiribatiMarshall IslandsNauruNew CaledoniaNew ZealandNiueNorthern Mariana IslandsPalauPapua New GuineaSamoaSolomon IslandsTokelauTongaTuvaluUnited States of AmericaVanuatuWallis and Futuna

Outline:

• Brief intro – why mainstreaming?

• Mainstreaming lessons at national planning level

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

• Community participation

• At Policy measures

• At cross sectoral project development cycle

Climate change vulnerability and impacts risk assessments conducted in development planning

CC/DRR mainstreamed into all sectors of government and strategies for achieving national sustainable

Reduces human exposure and vulnerability to hazard and disaster risk.

Recognising climate change as one of the many Recognising climate change as one of the many hazards that may affect the economy/sustainable hazards that may affect the economy/sustainable

developmentdevelopment

Limits indirect impacts on livelihoods and the macro-economy

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

Lowers exposure to risk, reduces loss and costs

CC/DRR mainstreamed into response, recovery and building back better and restoring livelihoods and rebuild social and human capital

Reducing risks mainstreamed into short term and long term adaptation strategies, implementation and monitoring

for achieving national sustainable development goals – whole of government approach Enhances Resilience

Climate change refers to:

• A change in the state of the climate that can be identifies by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and

that persists for an extended period,

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

• ANY CHANGE IN CLIMATE OVER TIME,

WHETHER DUE TO NATURAL VARIABILITY OR AS A RESULT OF HUMAN ACTIVITY

that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer

International & Regional Instruments

Hyogo Framework for

Action

Pacific Islands Framework for Action on Climate Change

Pacific DRR & DM

Framework for Action

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

Action

- DRR: prevention, precaution, mitigation, adaptation- DM – preparedness, response, recovery, rehabilitation- CCA: protection, retreat, re-location - CCM: Reducing green house gas emissions

DRM Framework PIFACC

Principle 1: Implementing adaptation measures

Principle 2: Governance and decision making

Principle 3: Improving our

Theme 1: Governance –organisational, institutional, policy and decision-making frameworks

Theme 2: Knowledge, information, public awareness and education

Theme 3: Analysis and evaluation of hazards, vulnerabilities and elements

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

Principle 3: Improving our understanding of climate change

Principle 4: Education, training and awareness

Principle 5: Contributing to global greenhouse gas reduction

Principle 6: Partnership and Cooperation

hazards, vulnerabilities and elements at risk

Theme 4: Planning for effective preparedness, response and recovery

Theme 5: Effective, integrated and people-focused early warning systems

Theme 6: Reduction and underlying risk factors

A coordinator and a inter-departmental/inter-

sectoral taskforce (or unit)

Reducing vulnerability/development risks and

increased resilience as a strategic national

priority

Countries at the

drivers seat & recognises mandates

‘No size fit all’ solutions to address mainstreaming in the Pacific – some countries have progressed and have the necessary building blocks in place

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

Create an explicit link between national

development strategy and budgetary processes

Prepare annual budget allocation considering

vulnerability of different sectors in promoting

growth

National Planning Level & Budgetary Processes

Annual/multi year

budget planning and

allocation

the necessary building blocks in place while some are yet to be there

National

Vision

NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS

NATIONAL STRATEGIES AND KEY OUTCOME TARGETS

Lessons…

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

Sector Strategies and Corporate Plans, including Climate Change and other Hazard Risks

Sector s Action Plans Summarizing Key strategies , actions, who is responsible, timeline, and resources required for implementation

OUTCOME TARGETS

Combination of top-down (national plans

and policies) and bottom-up (community-

level) approaches is needed

Cost climate change projects for budget

formulation within ceilings and in conformity with

national policy targets.

Debate and adoption of budget by Cabinet or

Council of Ministers, as defended by Finance

Ministry and/or Treasury.

Macro-settings, budget

policy, revenue and

expenditure targets etc.

Annual expenditure and

work plans by sector

agencies.Budget execution, release of funds, and control of

Central institutions (planning, treasuries, finance and line agencies to recognize the benefits of mainstreaming and to agree to work cooperatively together.

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

National Budgets

agencies.Budget execution, release of funds, and control of

disbursement, as for all other government-

supported projects.

Annual reports on use of

funds, outputs, outcomes

and impacts.Control, audit and oversight to ensure funds are used

to achieve climate change policy goals and to assist

with mid-year corrections.

work cooperatively together.

Access latest information on climate change and its

implications for national development

Review previous national plans and reach consensus

on how these would need amending

Downscaled climate

models and impact

assessments

Commissioned review of

past plans and how they

could be amended

A challenge faced at present – how can we factor in climate change information in decision making processes.

Accessing climate change is one component of

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Map vulnerability hotspots and identify

appropriate adaptation measures.

Revise national economic development strategies

and issue sectoral guidelines

Identifying national

vulnerability hotspots

Review of existing

planning guidelines to

sector agencies

Accessing climate change is one component of the basket – the other is how best CC information can be integrated into decision process

Review of existing policies, legislation, and

regulations (“policy measures”) in relation to

how climate change is treated.

Draw up new and/or amended policy

measures for public review and debate.

Review climate change

policy measures from

other jurisdictions.

Conduct public, multi-

stakeholder

consultation/debate.

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme Policy Instrument

consultation/debate.Review the results of public debate and

integrated assessment of policy measures

and amend where necessary.Commission integrated

assessment of proposed

policy instruments/

measures Submit new and/or amended policy

measures to Cabinet or Parliament for

approval and/or legislation.

Cross-Sectoral

Integration

Horizontal Integration

Sector-to-Sector Vertical Integration

National to Local Level

Prepare climate change

guidelines for provincial

and local governments Technical assistance

and capacity building

Conduct causal chain

analysis to identify cross-

sectoral impacts

Identify climate Review provincial and local

Lessons…

Aim for “mainstreaming plus” and address all the drivers influencing poverty and vulnerability

Factor in:

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Identify climate

change co-benefits to

multiple sectors

Review provincial and local

plans for consistency with

policy

Vertical and horizontal

integration of plans and

programmes

Submit integrated plans to

central planning body

Earthquake, volcano, other manmade hazards

Projects identified and selected by sector agencies

and the private sector.

Screening of proposed projects for possible climate

change impacts and classification.

Scoping of feasibility studies and EIAs to include

climate change impacts and adaptation measures.

Climate change impacts

integrated into EIA

procedures.

Initial environmental

examination or checklist to

cover climate change.

CC mainstreaming needs to take in existing tools and processes and not superimposed itself as the ONLY process to be considered

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

climate change impacts and adaptation measures.

Prepare feasibility assessment and EIS and identify

and cost climate change mitigation and adaptation

measures.

Build climate change indicators into approved

environmental management and monitoring plans.

Integrated Assessment of Projects

FS and EIA tools such as

models, multi-criteria

analysis, benefit-cost.

Climate change impact

indicators.

ONLY process to be considered

Engage with existing community organizations

such as church groups that are prepared to take

on additional mandate for climate change.

Clarify objectives and goals of climate change

adaptation in the local context.

Use participatory mapping or other tools to

identify risks/vulnerabilities and traditional

Provide up to date

information on climate

change and local impacts.

Community consultation and

awareness raising in relation

to climate changeCommunity participation in any CC needs to be a mainstream action rather

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

identify risks/vulnerabilities and traditional

coping or adaptation measures.

Through consultation, reach a consensus on

which adaptation measures should be given

priority in each community.

Formulate community level adaptation plans

and submit to national level for funding.

Community Participation

Describe the range of

adaptation options and

their costs/benefits.

Current details of

community-based

programmes/projects.

needs to be a mainstream action rather than an appendum

Mainstreaming is a Whole of Country Process to Build Safer and Prosperous Communities

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme

Secretariat of the Pacific RegionalEnvironmentProgramme Malo!