Sports and venues of the London 2012 Olympic GamesGiving a home to inspiration

In 2012, athletes from all over the world will come to the UK to take part in one of the world’s largest festivals of sport and culture, the Olympic Games. Every four years, a different Host City becomes the centre of cultural and sporting excellence. In 2012, it’s London’s turn.

London 2012 International

Education Programme

Archery

Venue: Lord’s Cricket Ground, LondonDates: Friday 27 July – Friday 3 AugustMedal events: 4Athletes: 128 (64 men, 64 women)

Archery dates back around 10,000 years and is now practised in more than 140 countries around the world.

Athletics

Venue: Olympic Stadium – Olympic Park (track, field and combined events), London; The Mall (road events), LondonDates: Friday 3 August – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 47Athletes: 2,000

The Marathon event was increased from around 25 miles to 26.2 miles at the London 1908 Olympic Games, so the race could finish in front of the Box where members of the British Royal Family were sitting. The length of the Marathon remains 26.2 miles to this day.

Badminton

Venue: Wembley Arena, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 AugustMedal events: 5Athletes: 172

Olympic shuttlecocks contain 16 feathers, each of them plucked from the left wing of a goose, and can travel faster than 400km/h.

At the London 2012 Olympic Games world-class athletes will take part in 26 Olympic sports including Athletics, Handball, Wrestling and Diving.

There was a huge amount to do to prepare for the London 2012 Games so the London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) and the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) were set up.

The ODA is responsible for planning and building the Olympic Park, looking after both the permanent and temporary venues and developing the transport system.

LOCOG is responsible for staging a Games we will never forget. Organising such an important event is a big challenge!

The sports of the London 2012 Olympic GamesThe 26 Olympic sports, split into the following 39 disciplines:

Basketball

Venues: Basketball Arena – Olympic Park, London (preliminaries, women’s quarter-finals); North Greenwich Arena, London (men’s quarter-finals and women’s semi-finals onwards)Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 288 (144 men, 144 women, 12 teams in each event).

Basketball was originally played using a football. It wasn’t until the very end of the 19th century that the first basketballs were manufactured.

Beach Volleyball

Venue: Horse Guards Parade, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Thursday 9 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 96 (48 men, 48 women; 24 teams in each event)

Since Beach Volleyball made its debut at the Atlanta 1996 Games, seven of the eight gold medals have been won by the US and Brazil.

Boxing

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 13 Athletes: 286 (250 men, 36 women)

Boxing was introduced to the ancient Olympic Games in the 7th century BC, when opponents fought with strips of leather around their fists.

Canoe Slalom

Venue: Lee Valley White Water Centre, HertfordshireDates: Sunday 29 July – Thursday 2 August Medal events: 4Athletes: 82

Up to 25 gates can be on a white water course. Touching a gate adds a two-second time penalty to the run; missing a gate incurs a 50-second penalty.

Canoe Sprint

Venue: Eton Dorney, BuckinghamshireDates: Monday 6 – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 12Athletes: 246

In canoes, athletes use a single-bladed paddle from a kneeling position. In kayaks, the competitors sit in the boat and use a paddle with two blades.

Cycling – BMX

Venue: BMX Track – Olympic Park, LondonDates: Wednesday 8 – Friday 10 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 48

BMX bikes have only one gear and one brake.

Cycling – Mountain Bike

Venue: Hadleigh Farm, EssexDates: Saturday 11 – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 80 (50 men, 30 women)

The races will be held over rough, hilly countryside.

Cycling – Road

Venue: The Mall, London (Road Race); Hampton Court, London (Time Trial)Dates: Saturday 28 July – Wednesday 1 AugustMedal events: 4Athletes: 212 (145 men, 67 women)

During the time trial cyclists start 90 seconds apart. The winner is the cyclist with the fastest time over the course.

Cycling – Track

Venue: Velodrome, LondonDates: Thursday 2 – Tuesday 7 AugustMedal events: 10Athletes: 188 (104 men, 84 women)

The track in the Velodrome has been laid with lengths of Siberian pine, and is banked to an angle of 42 degrees at its steepest point.

Diving

Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, London Dates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 August 2012Medal events: 8Athletes: 136 (68 men, 68 women)

Olympic springboards must be at least 4.8m long and 50cm wide, while platforms should be at least 6m long and 3m wide.

Equestrian – Dressage

Venue: Greenwich Park, LondonDates: Thursday 2 – Thursday 9 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 50

In Dressage, riders and their horses perform a series of movements known as a dressage test, and are awarded scores by judges.

Equestrian – Eventing

Venue: Greenwich Park, LondonDates: Saturday 28 – Tuesday 31 JulyMedal events: 2Athletes: 75

This competition combines dressage, cross-country riding and jumping.

Equestrian – Jumping

Venue: Greenwich Park, LondonDates: Saturday 4 – Wednesday 8 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 75

These events are an exciting test of skill, speed and power held in an arena around a short course combining 12-14 fences.

Fencing

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 AugustMedal events: 10Athletes: 212

Fencing was the first Olympic sport to feature professional athletes.

Football

Venues: City of Coventry Stadium (Coventry); Hampden Park (Glasgow); Millennium Stadium (Cardiff); Old Trafford (Manchester); St James’ Park (Newcastle); Wembley Stadium (London)Dates: Wednesday 25 July – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 504 (288 men, 216 women; 16 men’s teams and 12 women’s teams).

Since it was introduced as a medal sport in 1908, Football has featured at every Olympic Games except one – the Los Angeles 1932 Games.

Gymnastics – Artistic

Venue: North Greenwich Arena, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Tuesday 7 AugustMedal events: 14Athletes: 196 (98 men, 98 women)

Since the Games in Ancient Greece, the sport has been considered to offer perfect symmetry between mind and body.

Gymnastics – Rhythmic

Venue: Wembley Arena, LondonDates: Thursday 9 – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 96 (all women)

Competitors perform short routines to music using hand apparatus – a ball, clubs, a hoop and a ribbon.

Gymnastics – Trampoline

Venue: North Greenwich Arena, LondonDates: Friday 3 – Saturday 4 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 32

The first modern trampoline was used in the 1930s as a training tool for tumblers, astronauts and athletes.

Handball

Venue: Handball Arena – Olympic Park, London (preliminaries, women’s quarter-finals); Basketball Arena – Olympic Park, London (men’s quarter-finals, plus all semi-finals and finals)Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 336 (168 men, 168 women; 12 teams in each event)

Handball uses an indoor court measuring 40m x 20m, the largest court of any indoor ball sport at the Games.

Hockey

Venue: Hockey Centre, LondonDates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 384 (192 men, 192 women; 12 teams in each event)

Men’s Hockey made its Olympic debut at London in 1908, while the first women’s Olympic Hockey competition was held at the Moscow 1980 Games.

Judo

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Friday 3 AugustMedal events: 14Athletes: 386

Judo made its first appearance at the Olympic Games at Tokyo in 1964. Competitors use a mix of attack and defence in one-on-one contests, which can be tough, tense and explosive.

Modern Pentathlon

Venue: Handball Arena - Olympic Park, London (fencing); Aquatics Centre - Olympic Park, London (swimming); and Greenwich Park, London (riding, combined event) Dates: Saturday 11 – Sunday 12 AugustEvents: Fencing, Swimming, Riding, Combined Run/Shoot EventMedal events: 2Athletes: 72 (36 men, 36 women)

A century after its Olympic debut, the Modern Pentathlon competition at the London 2012 Games will be the first at which running and shooting are combined into a single discipline.

Rowing

Venue: Eton Dorney, BuckinghamshireDates: Saturday 28 July – Saturday 4 AugustMedal events: 14Athletes: 550 (353 men, 197 women)

The youngest Olympic champion is thought to be a French boy, aged no more than 12, who coxed for a Dutch pair at the Paris 1900 Games.

Sailing

Venue: Weymouth and Portland, DorsetDates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 10Athletes: 380 (237 men, 143 women)

The 10 different Olympic Sailing events (six for men, four for women) feature a variety of craft, from dinghies and keelboats to windsurfing boards.

Shooting

Venue: The Royal Artillery Barracks, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Monday 6 AugustMedal events: 15 Athletes: 390

In Pistol and Rifle events, competitors aim at a ringed target from a set distance. In Shotgun events, competitors shoot at moving clay targets launched above and in front of them.

Swimming

Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, London (pool events); Hyde Park, London (Marathon Swimming 10km)Dates: Saturday 28 July – Saturday 4 August (Aquatics Centre); Thursday 9 – Friday 10 August (Hyde Park) Medal events: 34Athletes: 950

At the London 1908 Olympic Games, the pool was built on the infield of the athletics track at White City Stadium and the competition was held outdoors.

Synchronised Swimming

Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, LondonDates: Sunday 5 – Friday 10 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 104 (all women)

Synchronised Swimming is one of only two events on the Olympic programme to be contested exclusively by women. The other is Rhythmic Gymnastics.

Table Tennis

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Wednesday 8 AugustMedal events: 4Athletes: 172 (86 men, 86 women)

Table Tennis is the biggest participation sport in the world. Other names for the sport include ‘Ping Pong’, ‘Whiff Waff’ and ‘Flim Flam’ reflecting the sound of the ball being struck and bouncing off the table.

Taekwondo

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Wednesday 8 – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 8Athletes: 128 (64 men, 64 women)

Over their standard white uniform, known as a ‘dobok’, competitors wear coloured protective equipment. The competitor wearing blue is referred to as ‘chung’, while the competitor in red is ‘hong’.

Tennis

Venue: Wimbledon, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 AugustEvents: Men’s and women’s Singles and Doubles; Mixed DoublesMedal events: 5Athletes: 172 (86 men, 86 women)

Tennis appeared at the first modern Olympic Games in 1896 but was dropped from the programme after the Paris 1924 Games, before returning 64 years later.

Triathlon

Venue: Hyde Park, LondonDates: Saturday 4 and Tuesday 7 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 110 (55 men, 55 women)

More than half a million spectators lined the streets of Sydney to watch the first ever Olympic Triathlon at the 2000 Games.

Volleyball

Venue: Earls Court, LondonDate: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 288 (144 men, 144 women: 12 teams in each event)

The key attacking move is the set and spike, in which a player feeds the ball (the set) for a teammate to power it into the opposition’s court (the spike).

Water Polo

Venue: Olympic Park – Water Polo Arena, LondonDates: Sunday 29 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 260 (156 men, 104 women)

Water polo developed during the 19th century as an aquatic version of rugby, played informally in lakes and rivers.

Weightlifting

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Tuesday 7 AugustMedal events: 15Athletes: 260 (156 men, 104 women)

The aim of Weightlifting is simple: to life more weight than anyone else. Competitors in Olympic Weightlifting are divided into 15 weight categories, eight for men and seven for women.

Wrestling

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Sunday 5 – Sunday 12 August 2012Medal events: 18Athletes: 344

Greco-Roman and Freestyle are different disciplines. Wrestling is a body-to-body combat sport with the ultimate aim to force the back of the opponent’s shoulders onto the ground.

Activity idea

Get creative.Look at the images by the event names above. These are called pictograms and these are the official pictograms for the London 2012 Olympic Games. What do you think the purpose of a pictogram is? Where might you see one during the London 2012 Olympic Games? Can you design your own pictogram for your favourite sport?

Activity idea

Follow the Olympic eventsWhich are your favourite Olympic events? Talk with your classmates and use the dates provided above to make a schedule for all the Olympic events that you and your class are going to watch or follow. You can find out more about each sport and view the full Olympic sport competition schedule at www.london2012.com/sport.

Activity idea

Think and discussThink about your country. Which of the sports above do you play in your country? Why are they so popular? Do you play any of these sports at your school? Which of these sports would you like to try the most and why? Imagine you are organising the next Olympic Games. Which new event would you bring into the Games? Think about why you want this particular sport. Work in groups to present your idea to your class.

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Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Surveyon behalf of HMSO. © Crown copyright and database right 2010. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100046062.

Non-competition venuesCompetition venues

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As Host City of the Olympic Games, London will be at the centre of celebrations in 2012. The heart of the London 2012 Games is the spectacular new Olympic Park in east London.

Venues in the Olympic Park

Basketball ArenaBasketball, Handball

The Basketball Arena contains 12,000 seats designed to represent the colours of a basketball – black and orange.

Aquatics Centre Diving, Modern Pentathlon, Swimming, Synchronised Swimming

The Aquatics Centre features a spectacular wave-like roof.

Olympic StadiumAthletics, Opening and Closing Ceremonies

The Olympic Stadium has been built on an island, surrounded by waterways on three sides. Spectators will reach the Stadium via five bridges connecting to other areas of the Olympic Park.

Handball Arena Handball, Modern Pentathlon

The venue’s design includes a rainwater harvesting system which collects water from the roof and uses it to flush the toilets.

Velodrome Track Cycling

The Velodrome’s lower tier will have 3,500 seats located around the track, with a further 2,500 seats suspended within the two curves of the venue’s roof.

BMX TrackBMX Cycling

The 400-metre BMX Track has been built with jumps, bumps and tightly banked corners. The riders will start on an eight-metre ramp.

Hockey Centre Hockey

For the first time ever at an Olympic Games, the Hockey competition will be played on blue pitches.

Water Polo ArenaWater Polo

The Water Polo Arena will be situated next to the Aquatics Centre in one of the most compact areas of the Olympic Park.

Venues across LondonThe Olympic Park will host a great number of Olympic events during the 2012 Games. However, there will also be many venues outside the Park, and around London.

Activity idea

Getting to and from the GamesThere are 10 railway lines going into the Olympic Park. It will take as little as seven minutes to travel to the Park from central London. What is the public transport like in your country? Could it use some improvement? Think about what changes you would like to make and then design your improvements. You could draw, paint or even present your ideas.

Activity idea

Dramatise the ParkThe Olympic Park will be the centre of the Olympic Games. What do you think life inside the Olympic Park will be like? Work in groups and improvise scenes or create collages to show your ideas. Get creative and use your imagination!

Horse Guards Parade Beach Volleyball

The parade ground lies at the heart of London’s ceremonial life, and hosts the Trooping of the Colour ceremony that takes place to mark the Queen’s birthday each year.

The Mall Marathon, Race Walk, Road Cycling

In the centre of London, The Mall runs from Buckingham Palace to Trafalgar Square and provides a backdrop for formal ceremonies and sporting events, including the London Marathon.

North Greenwich Arena Basketball, Artistic Gymnastics, Trampoline

North Greenwich Arena was originally built to celebrate the Millennium (the year 2000) and has been transformed into a sports and entertainment venue.

Wembley Stadium Football

The biggest of the six stadiums staging the London 2012 Games football competition, has a famous arch that soars over 130m into the sky.

Wembley ArenaBadminton, Rhythmic Gymnastics

The Arena is already a world-class music and sports venue, and will need very little work completed.

Wimbledon Tennis

Wimbledon is the only remaining major grass-court tennis venue in the world. It has recently been updated with a retractable roof on centre court to keep out any rain.

Earls Court Volleyball

From exhibitions and conferences to live music, Earls Courts currently holds hundreds of events each year attended by visitors from around the world.

Lord’s Cricket Ground Archery

Lord’s Cricket Ground has been ‘the home of cricket’ for almost 200 years and now will serve as the location for the Archery competition.

Hyde Park Marathon Swimming, Triathlon

The largest of London’s Royal Parks has been open to the public since 1637. It will also be a major focus for musical, theatrical and other cultural celebrations associated with London 2012.

Greenwich ParkEquestrian, Modern Pentathlon

Greenwich Park is London’s oldest Royal Park. It dates back to 1433 and has been a World Heritage Site since 1997.

ExCel Boxing, Fencing, Judo, Table Tennis, Taekwondo, Weightlifting, Wrestling

Excel will host the largest cluster of sports outside of the Olympic Park.

Hampton Court Palace Road Cycling Time Trial

Hampton Court Palace is one of London’s royal palaces and has housed some of Britain’s most famous kings and queens, the most well known being Henry VIII.

The Royal Artillery BarracksShooting

The London port of Woolwich has a long military history and the construction of The Royal Artillery Barracks began in 1776.

Activity idea

Planning new eventsThink about the sports facilities in your country. Are there any sporting events that you would like to see in your country? Which facilities could hold the event you want? Why not plan a new festival for your country or community? Think about the sports that you like but don’t see very often. What will you need to consider when planning this new event?

Lee Valley White Water Centre, Hertfordshire Canoe Slalom

A new 10,000 square metre lake has been constructed which will pump 15 cubic metres of water into the centre’s 300m course.

Eton Dorney, BuckinghamshireCanoe Sprint, Rowing

The eight lane rowing course is set in a 400-acre park with a nature conservation area.

Hampden Park, Glasgow Football

Hampden Park is Scotland’s national football stadium. It is also used for music concerts and other sporting events.

Millennium Stadium, Cardiff Football

The Millennium Stadium is situated in the heart of Cardiff, the capital of Wales. With a retractable roof and a crowd capacity of 74,600, the stadium will host the first Olympic sporting event: the women’s Football.

Venues across the UKAlthough the 2012 Olympic Games are centred in London, many athletes will be competing in venues all over the UK.

Hadleigh Farm, Essex Mountain Bike

Spectators will be able to watch along a course winding through the woods and parkland, which offers some fantastic hills for the competitors.

Old Trafford, Manchester Football

Home to Manchester United Football Club, Old Trafford is the second largest football ground in the UK.

St James’ Park, Newcastle Football

St James’ Park is the oldest and largest football ground in the north-east of England.

Weymouth and Portland, Dorset Sailing

Weymouth and Portland provides some of the best natural sailing waters in the UK.

The City of Coventry Stadium Football

The stadium was built in 2005 and is home to Coventry City Football Club.

Activity idea

Local VenueWhat sports venues do you have near you? What makes them good? How could you improve them? How does your school and local community benefit from these venues?

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Lee Valley White Water Centre – Canoe Slalom

Eton Dorney – Rowing, Canoe Sprint

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Millennium Stadium – Football

Hadleigh Farm – Cycling (Mountain Bike)

Old Trafford – Football

St James’ Park – Football

Weymouth & Portland – Sailing

City of Coventry Stadium – Football

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The Athlete’s VillageThe ODA is currently building the competing athletes’ home-away-from-home: the Athlete’s Village.

Before the Games begin, athletes will stay and prepare in training camps all across the UK. Once the Games start, the athletes will move to the Athlete’s Village.

More than 17,000 athletes and officials will use this area during the 2012 Games to eat, drink, sleep, contact their families and prepare for the greatest competition of their lives. The Village will cater for all the needs of the athletes and officials.

ComfortComfort is one of the most important aspects of the Village. If athletes are not comfortable, they will not perform at their best on their big day. So, the ODA has supplied some extra-long beds. This is a necessity for taller athletes like rowers and handball players.

Activity idea

PreparationWe all want to see the athletes perform to the best of their ability. For the athletes themselves, the 2012 Games will be one of the biggest events of their lives. Imagine you were an athlete in the London Games – what sort of things would you want in the Olympic Village to give you the best preparation possible? You might wish to think about food, drink, sleep, relaxation and training facilities.

Eating wellThere will be a 5,000-seat dining room to cater for every dietary and nutritional need of the athletes and officials. There will also be other, more informal places to eat, including cafés.

Activity idea

Eating well!What sort of things do you think the London 2012 chefs have to think about when they create the menus for the athletes? What would you want to eat if you were preparing for a big event? Would it be the same as other athletes from other countries?

EntertainmentWhen athletes are not competing, they will be able to watch events and enjoy the cultural activities on big screens around the Village.

The Village will include a Village Plaza where athletes will be able to meet with friends and family. Athletes from all teams will share this space. This will give competitors the opportunity to make friendships with people from different countries. This spirit of friendship will make the Games more enjoyable for competitors and for the audiences watching.

Stay connectedAthletes will find it easy to keep up-to-date with what’s happening in the world. A range of international newspapers will be available so that athletes can read the news from their own country.The Village will also have Wi-Fi and Internet access so athletes can contact their family and friends at home.

Activity idea

Making new friendsWhy not pretend that you are an athlete arriving in the Athletes’ Village? How would you meet and make friends with the other athletes? What might you talk to them about? Think about the fact that you might speak different languages – how would you communicate? You could act out and role-play these scenarios. If you speak or are learning a different language, why not use different languages in your role-play too?

The Velodrome and BMX Track will be made into a VeloPark for public use.

The Aquatics Centre will be transformed into a public swimming facility. It will include a crèche, family changing rooms, café and a new plaza at the front of the building.

The Basketball Arena will be removed after the Games. However, parts of the Arena are expected to be reused in other parts of the UK.

The Handball Arena will be changed into a multi-purpose public sports facility. It will allow people to practise many indoor sports, including handball, badminton, martial arts, boxing and netball.

Many of the other venues will be adapted into sports facilities for clubs that already exist in the area.

The Athletes’ Village will be converted into new homes. These homes will be made available to key workers such as teachers and nurses. There will also be a new school for 1,800 pupils aged 3-19.

The Olympic Stadium will continue to be a facility for world-class sporting achievement after the Games, in particular athletics and football.

Activity idea

Teacher’s ideaWhat do you think the London 2012 facilities should be used for in the future? For example, what do you think the Olympic Stadium could be used for? Develop a plan to suggest any renovation you think you would benefit the wider community. Think about making sure your venue is accessible to as many people as possible. You could present your ideas back to your class and have a vote on your designs, voting for the most creative design, the most practical or the most innovative. Find out more information about the Olympic venues on the London 2012 website www.london2012.com.

An idea from Jo Daniels, Davenant Foundation School

The legacy of the London 2012 Games: what happens after it all ends?To stage the Olympic Games, London 2012 is going to use many venues and locations around the UK. Large areas will be taken up, especially in east London, where the Olympic Park is situated. However, once the Games are over, LOCOG and the ODA have many plans to make good use of the space.

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