sports equipment inventory management system

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TITLE:

The Development of Sports Equipment Inventory Management System

Applyng Stored Proedures!

"hapter I

The Pro#lem and Its $a%ground

Introdution

The advancement in technology in the last few decades has improved our

lives in every aspect. Manually driven systems are being substituted by the

computerized systems. A system is a collection of elements and components that

are organized for a common purpose. System nowadays, is very essential in

doing their works easier, more systematized and well organized.

An inventory is the stock of items used in an organization. An inventory

system monitors the levels of inventory and determines the timeline and quantity

of orders. ompanies maintain inventories of raw materials! work in development

or final products for various reasons, including unpredictable raw material

delivery time, allowing for production scheduling fle"ibility or demand variations.

#nventory management system is a computer$based system for tracking

inventory levels, orders, sales and deliveries. #t can also be used in the

manufacturing industry to create a work order, bill of materials and other

production$related documents. ompanies use inventory management software

to avoid product overstock and outages. #t is a tool for organizing inventory data

that before was generally stored in hard$copy form or in spreadsheets. #t is often

associated with and is similar to distribution software, as distributors that can


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compete with less cash tied up in inventories have a distinct advantage over their

competitors.

The purpose of an inventory system is to keep track of what you have in

your small store, large office or product development factory. #f you know what

you have available for sale or to build products, you can easily satisfy the needs

of your customers when they contact you to buy your products. The inventory

system informs you when you need to purchase more products or supplies.

#nventory management systems are central to how companies track and

control inventories. %aving the ability to measure inventory in a timely and

accurate manner is critical for having uninterrupted business operations because

inventory is often one of the largest current assets on a company&s balance

sheet.

Tracking where products are stocked, which suppliers they come from,

and the length of time they are stored is made possible with inventory

management software. 'y analyzing such data, companies can control inventory

levels and ma"imize the use of warehouse space. (urthermore, firms are more

prepared for the demands and supplies of the market, especially during special

circumstances such as a peak season on a particular month. Through the reports

generated by the inventory management software, firms are also able to gather

important data that may be put in a model for it to be analyzed.

)fficiently tracking inventory is an imperative component to a small

business and successful operation. 'y having up$to$date data regarding all


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needed office supplies, raw manufacturing materials and merchandise for sale,

an organization will drastically increase its bottom line. #n addition to the money

saved by not reordering unnecessary goods, an enterprise will be better

positioned to services customers quickly, as well as navigate any une"pected

changes in business, such as a supplier abruptly going out of business. Although

many companies maintain this information manually, there are benefits to using a

computerized inventory system.

$a%ground of the Study

&amon Magsaysay Tehnologial 'niversity*+MT- is adegree$

awarding tertiary educationalinstitution in ambales that specializes agriculture,

forestry, engineering, education, arts, sciences, humanities and other fields may

be relevant to the development of the province.

/owadays, although other universities and colleges already have Sports

)quipment #nventory Management System, +amon Magsaysay Technological

niversity still uses a manual system.

A manual inventory system relies heavily on the actions of people, which

increases the possibility of human error. 0eople might forget to record a

transaction or simply miscount the number of goods. This results in needless

additional orders that increase the company&s inventory carrying costs and use

up precious storage space. #naccurate physical counts could also result in not
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ordering enough of a product, meaning the business could run out of a crucial

item at the wrong time.

Another disadvantage of manual inventory systems is that they can be

highly labor$intensive to operate. They require continuous monitoring to ensure

that each transaction is accounted for and that products are maintained at the

appropriate stocking levels. #t is also more difficult to share inventory information

throughout the business, because the lack of computerization makes accessing

inventory records a more cumbersome process. The time spent monitoring

inventory levels could be used on more productive activities for the business.

A disadvantage of manual inventory systems is that they can be highly

labor$intensive to operate. They require continuous monitoring to ensure that

each transaction is accounted for and that products are maintained at the

appropriate stocking levels. #t is also more difficult to share inventory information

throughout the business, because the lack of computerization makes accessing

inventory records a more cumbersome process. The time spent monitoring

inventory levels could be used on more productive activities for the business.


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Theoretial and "oneptual (rame)or%

(igure *+,The "oneptual Model of the Study

(igure 1.2 shows the conceptual model of the study. #t indicates the

different inputs and processes that will be needed in order to come up with the

desired output.

#nput consists of the knowledge requirements such as #nformation System,

)"isting #nventory Management System, niversity %istory and #nformation,

#nformation Technology, 3atabase Management System, Stored 0rocedures and

knowledge about creating window based applications.


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0rogramming software tools that will be necessary in programming the

said module is also an important thing to consider. (or the front$end application,

this study will be using 4'. /et to produce a user$friendly 5#. To be particular,

MS S67 Server database server will be the database of the system. (or

hardware requirements, the system will need a desktop computer with at least

core i8 processor, 33+8 +AM and 1T' hard disk drive.

After the inputs have been completed, the ne"t step is the creation of the

system. #t will undergo the 3esign, 3ebugging and Testing to make sure that it

will meet all the requirements set.

(or the output, this will be a Sport9s )quipment #nventory Management

System for +MT.


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Statement of the Pro#lem

1. :hat is the level of efficiency of the system when evaluated by

the user evaluation result of the e"isting, the prototype system

and the proposed system in terms of orrectness, +eliability,

)fficiency, Testability and portability;

or problem e"perienced by the (aculty %ead is that

there is still no computerized inventory system that can manage

and monitor athletes profile and sport9s equipment.

?. The athletes information, school activities and policies are only

manage and kept in a physical storage such as filing cabinet.

@. The sports activities and sports equipment are harder to monitor

and manage. #t is hasle and time consuming to the part of the

Sports 3evelopment %ead and the athletes in retrieving

information when it is needed.


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. There is no system that would facilitate athletes scholarship and

financial support and a system that would evaluate atheletes and

school activities.

-#.etives of the Study

5enerally, this study aims to design and develop a Sports )quipment

#nventory Management System *S)#MS- for +amon Magsaysay Technological

niversity *+MT-.

Specifically, this study aims toB

.

1. :hat is the level of efficiency of the system when evaluated by

the user evaluation result of the e"isting, the prototype system

and the proposed system in terms of orrectness, +eliability,

)fficiency, Testability and portability;

or problem e"perienced by the (aculty %ead is that

there is still no computerized inventory system that can manage

and monitor athletes profile and sport9s equipment.


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?. The athletes information, school activities and policies are only

manage and kept in a physical storage such as filing cabinet.

@. The sports activities and sports equipment are harder to monitor

and manage. #t is hasle and time consuming to the part of the

Sports 3evelopment %ead and the athletes in retrieving

information when it is needed.

. There is no system that would facilitate athletes scholarship and

financial support and a system that would evaluate atheletes and

school activities.


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Sope and Delimitation

This study is intended for the use of +amon Magsaysay Technological

niversity only. The Sports 3evelopment will only be the one to have a full

access to the system. This study focuses on some processes done in sports

development office. #t primarily includes managing and monitoring of the

inventory of sports equipment. The system also focuses on the profiling of all the

athletes in the university. #t also includes monitoring events and activities related

to sports. Additionally, the system also intended in managing and evaluating

scholarship of the athletes.

This study will be using 4'./et programming language for its front end

application. MS S67 Server will be used as its database.

The proposed system will use stored procedures in the database design.

Ma>ority of the transactions and functionalities of the proposed system are coded

using stored procedures. All the queries are coded in back end for the purpose of

code reuse, security and maintainability.


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Signifiane of the Study

This study is intended to develop a module that will be beneficial to the

following persons or group of persons.

To the "ompany+ This study will be helpful to +MT for it will properly

monitor all the needed and available sports equipment for the athletes of the

university. #t will be a great help for the niversity because the university identify

all the facilities available for the athletes.

To the Sports Development /ead+ The Sports 3evelopment %ead can easily

manage and check sports equipment available. %isC her work will be lessen

because this system can.

To the Athletes. They will also benefit once the module is implemented. (or

they will have their equipment and facilities properly monitored. #t is also

advantage for them of having athletes profiling for their information are readily

available.

To the Proponent. The researchers acquire more skills and knowledge in

e"ecuting their research. This case, the proponent takes a lot of time to finished

the system.

To the future researhers. This research will guide them in the near future. :e

encourage them to study about this field because it is engaging them to

formulate their own research.


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To the ommunity+ The importance of this study is to give some details and

information about the system we implement. oming up with this study can give

some ideas and can use it in creating their own system.


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Definition of Terms

The following are terminologies were operationally used in this study.

Data#ase+ #t is storage of all related data and information about the Athletes and

Sports )quipemtn and facilities of +MT. #t is where all the records will be saved

and where all the needed records will be retrieved when needed. MSS67

S)+4)+ is the database used by this study.

Datatype+ #t identifies the kind of information that an AttributeCcolumn in an

entityCtable on a specific database platform represents. These are actual physical

representations and are dependent on the actual +3'MS9s. The data type

should be given by the domain definition for that attributeCcolumn.

D$MS. This is an integrated collection of programs designed to enable people to

design databases, enter and maintain data, and perform queries.

(ield+ This is the basic unit of data entry in a record.

0'I 10raphial 'ser Interfae2+ #t is a term referring to the output or the front

end application that will be utilized by the end$user.

Inventory+A detailed list of goods and materials that are in stock.

Inventory Management Soft)are+ It is a computer$based system for tracking

inventory levels, orders, sales and deliveries.

Information System+ #t is the technology used in this study that will help in

performing all the transactions and task done in the %uman +esource

Management when it comes to managing the records and files of the employees

of A)SS.


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Inventoryis a quantity of goods owned and stored by a business that is intended

either for resale or as raw materials and components used in producing goods

that the business sells.

3oin+#t is an operation in which the rows of one table are related to the rows of

another through common column values.

MS S4L SE&5E&+ A database server used to the proponents. #t means

Microsoft Structured 6uery 7anguage Server.

4uery+ This is a request to see information from a database that matches

specific criteria. *Morley,


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"hapter II

&evie) of &elated Literature and Studies

This chapter presents the summary of readings from related literature and

studies which are equally important to the present study. These are the materials

that have greatly enlightened the researcher in developing the topics in his study.

Inventory Management System

#n the article published by 3emand Media, it was mentioned that inventory

systems are tracking systems that inform you of the amount of raw materials,

supplies or final products you have readily available. The inventory system is

updated each time you sell an item or use raw materials to create a product, so

you know what you have available for the following day or week. This type of

system also allows you to order products in advance, so you have everything you

need at all times.

According to rosby *


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Modern inventory management systems must have the ability to track

sales and available inventory, communicate with suppliers in near real$time and

receive and incorporate other data, such as seasonal demand. They also must

be fle"ible, allowing for a merchant&s intuition. And, they must tell a storeowner

when it&s time to reorder and how much to purchase.

To achieve this, inventory management systems pull together several

technologies into one cohesive approach. +ead on to learn about the history of

inventory management systems and how modern systems work.

Types of Inventory Systems

There are two main types of inventory systems. Smaller privately owned stores

may use a manual inventory system, where the cashier manually keeps track of

all items sold each day. At the end of the day, sold items are subtracted from the

total inventory count to get an updated number available for sale. A technological

inventory system tracks the purchases and gives you an updated number of

inventory items left for sale. 'oth systems require that you manually count all of

the products or items in the inventory.

Asset or Lia#ility

#tems that the company has bought as part of the inventory are considered

business assets. As long as the company can sell or use the items, the


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business is not losing money. %owever, items that have passed their

e"piration dates or that are not selling due to a lack of demand or lack of

popularity can become liabilities for the business. An inventory system

should only store the amount of items that can easily be sold to avoid

creating a liability for the business.

Inventory Management

Any inventory system should have a manager to keep track of all the items

in the inventory system. The manager is responsible for ordering new

items or products when supplies are getting low and manually counting

the items to catch any employees who may be stealing or find any

inventory items that may be broken. The manager should also be

responsible for locating items that have e"piration dates in the inventory

and that are sub>ect to mold or damage.

Importane of Inventory Management

The term inventory refers to the goods or materials used by a firm for the

purpose of production and sale. #t also includes the items, which are used as

supportive materials to facilitate production.

There are three basic types of inventoryB raw materials, work$in$progress and

finished goods. +aw materials are the items purchased by firms for use in

production of finished product. :ork$in$progress consists of all items currently in

the process of production. These are actually partly manufactured products.


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(inished goods consists of those items, which have already been produced but

not yet sold.

#nventory constitutes one of the important items of current assets, which permits

smooth operation of production and sale process of a firm. #nventory

management is that aspect of current assets management, which is concerned

with maintaining optimum investment in inventory and applying effective control

system so as to minimize the total inventory cost.

#nventory management is important from the view point that it enables to address

two important issuesB

1. The firm has to maintain adequate inventory for smooth production and selling

activities.


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interruption in production and selling operation. Therefore, the firm may loose the

customers as they shift to the competitors. (inancial manager, as he involves in

inventory management, should always try to put neither e"cessive nor

inadequate investment in inventory. The importance or significance of inventory

management could be specified as belowB

E #nventory management helps in maintaining a trade off between carrying costs

and ordering costs which results into minimizing the total cost of inventory.

E #nventory management facilitates maintaining adequate inventory for smooth

production and sales operations.

E #nventory management avoids the stock$out problem that a firm otherwise

would face in the lack of proper inventory management.

E #nventory management suggests the proper inventory control system to be

applied by a firm to avoid losses, damages and misuses.*Accounting$

Management,


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Soft)are Development Life "yle 1SDL"2 6 7aterfall Model

The )aterfall modelis a sequential design process, used in software

development processes, in which progress is seen as flowing steadily

downwards *like a waterfall- through the phases of conception,

initiation, analysis, design, construction, testing,

productionCimplementation and maintenance.

The waterfall development model originates in

the manufacturing and construction industriesB highly structured physical

environments in which after$the$fact changes are prohibitively costly, if not

impossible. Since no formal software development methodologies e"isted at the

time, this hardware$oriented model was simply adapted for software

development. * 'enington, 1DF8-

According to 5ordiyenko *ect scope and stakes.


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As a rule, we adhere to using the spiral model that involves agile

development methodologies. %owever, sometimes we use a :aterfall model and

its derivatives for small and trivial pro>ects, when applicable.


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:aterfall Model 0ros G ons

Advantage

The advantage of waterfall development is that it allows for departmentalization

and control. A schedule can be set with deadlines for each stage of development

and a product can proceed through the development process model phases one

by one.

3evelopment moves from concept, through design, implementation,

testing, installation, troubleshooting, and ends up at operation and maintenance.

)ach phase of development proceeds in strict order.

*httpBCCwww.tutorialspoint.comC,


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difficult to go back and change something that was not well$documented or

thought upon in the concept stage.

*httpBCCwww.tutorialspoint.comC, ect$oriented pro>ects.

0oor model for long and ongoing

pro>ects.

/ot suitable for the pro>ects where

requirements are at a moderate to

high risk of changing. So risk and

uncertainty is high with this process

model.

#t is difficult to measure progress
http://www.tutorialspoint.com/http://www.tutorialspoint.com/


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learly defined stages.

:ell understood milestones.

)asy to arrange tasks.

0rocess and results are well

documented.

within stages.

annot accommodate changing

requirements.

/o working software is produced

until late in the life cycle.

Ad>usting scope during the life cycle

can end a pro>ect.

#ntegration is done as a Ibig$bang. at

the very end, which doesn&t allow

identifying any technological or

business bottleneck or challenges

early.


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Advantages of Stored 0rocedures

According to the article published in docs.oracle.com, to help you build

powerful database applications, stored procedures provide several advantages

including better performance, higher productivity, ease of use, and increased

scalability.

Performane

Stored procedures are compiled once and stored in e"ecutable form, so

procedure calls are quick and efficient. )"ecutable code is automatically cached

and shared among users. This lowers memory requirements and invocation

overhead.

'y grouping S67 statements, a stored procedure allows them to be e"ecuted

with a single call. This minimizes the use of slow networks, reduces network

traffic, and improves round$trip response time. H7T0 applications, in particular,

benefit because result set processing eliminates network bottlenecks.

Additionally, stored procedures enable you to take advantage of the computing

resources of the server. (or e"ample, you can move computation$bound

procedures from client to server, where they will e"ecute faster. 7ikewise, stored

functions called from S67 statements enhance performance by e"ecuting

application logic within the server.


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Produtivity and Ease of 'se

'y designing applications around a common set of stored procedures, you can

avoid redundant coding and increase your productivity. Moreover, stored

procedures let you e"tend the functionality of the +3'MS. (or e"ample, stored

functions called from S67 statements enhance the power of S67.

Jou can use the Kava integrated development environment *#3)- of your choice

to create stored procedures. Then, you can deploy them on any tier of the

network architecture. Moreover, they can be called by standard Kava interfaces

such as K3', H+'A, and )K' and by programmatic interfaces and

development tools such as S67K, the H#, 0roECLL, and K3eveloper.

This broad access to stored procedures lets you share business logic across

applications. (or e"ample, a stored procedure that implements a business rule

can be called from various client$side applications, all of which can share that

business rule. #n addition, you can leverage the server&s Kava facilities while

continuing to write applications for your favorite programmatic interface.

Sala#ility

Stored procedures increase scalability by isolating application processing on the

server. #n addition, automatic dependency tracking for stored procedures aids the

development of scalable applications.

The shared memory facilities of the Multi$Threaded Server *MTS- enable

HracleFito support more than 12,222 concurrent users on a single node. (or


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more scalability, you can use the /etF onnection Manager to multiple" /etF

connections.

Maintaina#ility

Hnce it is validated, a stored procedure can be used with confidence in any

number of applications. #f its definition changes, only the procedure is affected,

not the applications that call it. This simplifies maintenance and enhancement.

Also, maintaining a procedure on the server is easier than maintaining copies on

various client machines.

Interopera#ility

:ithin the +3'MS, Kava conforms fully to the Java Language Specificationand

furnishes all the advantages of a general$purpose, ob>ect$oriented programming

language. Also, like 07CS67, Kava provides full access to Hracle data, so any

procedure written in 07CS67 can be written in Kava.

07CS67 stored procedures complement Kava stored procedures. Typically, S67

programmers who want procedural e"tensions favor 07CS67, and Kava

programmers who want easy access to Hracle data favor Kava.

The +3'MS allows a high degree of interoperability between Kava and 07CS67.

Kava applications can call 07CS67 stored procedures using an embedded K3'

driver. onversely, 07CS67 applications can call Kava stored procedures directly.


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Seurity

Jou can restrict access to Hracle data by allowing users to manipulate the data

only through stored procedures that e"ecute with their definer&s privileges. (or

e"ample, you can allow access to a procedure that updates a database table, but

deny access to the table itself.

&epliation

:ith Hracle Advanced +eplication, stored procedures can be replicated *copied-

from one HracleFidatabase to another. This feature makes them ideal for

implementing a central set of business rules. Hnce written, the stored procedures

are replicated and distributed to work groups and branch offices throughout the

company. #n this way, policies can be revised on a central server rather than on

individual servers.

Why use Stored Procedures?

Hne of the most beneficial reasons to use stored procedures is the added layer

of security that can be placed on the database from the calling application. #f the

user account created for the application or web site is configured with ))T)

permissions only then the underlying tables cannot be accessed directly by the

user account. This helps prevent hacking directly into the database tables. The

risk of a hacker using the user account to run a stored procedure that has been

written by you is far safer than having the user account have full insert, update

and delete authority on the tables directly.


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Another advantage to using stored procedures, especially in medium to large

scale web sites or applications, is the data functionality is separated from the

application making it easier to manage, document, and maintain. (or e"ample, if

an application updates the customer table in ten different places, there can be a

single stored procedure and a standard procedure call from the application for

this functionality. #f a change needs to be made to the way a customer record is

managed, then the S67 statements only need to be changed in one place, in the

database layer. #n most cases, the application is not affected unless the

procedure call requires modification. hanging the procedure call is also easier,

because a standard call is already in place. Managing the data in the data layer

avoids having to keep track of embedded S67 calls that may be different in each

place, whenever a change is required.

Stored procedures provide improved performance because fewer calls need to

be sent to the database. (or e"ample, if a stored procedure has four S67

statements in the code, then there only needs to be a single call to the database

instead of four calls for each individual S67 statement. Hf course there is always

a tradeoff. There is an increased workload on the server side that needs to be

taken into account.

Another advantage to using stored procedures allows for multiple client

applications written in any language and running on any platform to have

consistent database routines. )ach application uses the same procedures and


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simply has to embed a standard procedure call for the language in the calling

program.

*httpBCCmysqlstoredprocedure.comC ,


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"hapter III

&esearh Methodology

Methodology

This chapter presents discussions of the method of research as well as

the description of the setting of the study.

&esearh Design

This research aims to create Sports #nventory Management System

*S)#MS- for +amon Magsaysay Technological niversity. To attain the desired

end, the researcher will use a descriptive method of research which aims to

describe the proposed system and so it could fit with the pertinent rules regarding

sports equipment inventory management system.


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:aterfall Model design

:aterfall approach was first S37 Model to be used widely in Software

)ngineering to ensure success of the pro>ect. #n IThe :aterfallI approach, the

whole process of software development is divided into separate phases. #n

:aterfall model, typically, the outcome of one phase acts as the input for the

ne"t phase sequentially.

(ollowing is a diagrammatic representation of different phases of waterfall

model.

The sequential phases in :aterfall model areB


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color and identifiable icons or symbols only in order to facilitate smooth access of

this proposed on line application. Most importantly, this proposed system will not

be designed to induce intimidation, but, it will be designed to e"press

accommodation.

Development::ith inputs from system design, the system is first

developed in small programs called units, which are integrated in the ne"t

phase. )ach unit is developed and tested for its functionality which is

referred to as nit Testing.

After the designing stage, the proponents will go to the careful process of

constructing the proposed system as designed. The proponent will be

encoding the system tediously by using 4'./et onsequently, the

proponent will use MSS67 Server for the database.

Integration and Testing:All the units developed in the implementation

phase are integrated into a system after testing of each unit. 0ost

integration the entire system is tested for any faults and failures.

After the construction, the proponents will arrange a time to test the

program and its features to assure efficiency and accuracy of the system.


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The proponent will consult e"perts and the users about the program to

guaranty that it will serve them better. 3oing so, the proponent will be able

to identify inconsistency or discrepancy of the system, then, debug system

errors and adhere to suggestions.

Deployment of system:Hnce the functional and non functional testing is

done, the product is deployed in the customer environment or released

into the market.

7astly, the proponent will have to implement the system to make it fully

operational. The proponent may conduct training or orientation to users in

order to provide information and awareness.

Maintenane:There are some issues which come up in the client

environment. To fi" those issues patches are released. Also to enhance

the product some better versions are released. Maintenance is done to

deliver these changes in the customer environment.

Maintenance will be easy since the proponents studies in the same

company as the recipient of this program.


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All these phases are cascaded to each other in which progress is seen as

flowing steadily downwards *like a waterfall- through the phases. The ne"t

phase is started only after the defined set of goals are achieved for previous

phase and it is signed off, so the name I:aterfall ModelI. #n this model phases

do not overlap.


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&equirements Planning

The researcher, being e"posed to the e"isting problems of the current

system of the (aculty #nformation, used +amon Magsaysay Technological

niversity current manual faculty information system as spring board in creating

a windows$based (aculty #nformation System *(A#S-. #n accordance of the

standard System 3evelopment 7ife ycle! after identifying the problems, the

researcher developed a system that was fit to address the faculty information

system. The proponents assure that the system give ease to the users, the %+,

administrator and the faculty.

* The Desriptive Method

The proponents conduct a personal interview with the users of the

system. The pro>ect team talked to the faculty, %+, and +egistrar for

gathering of data about the system specification, needed in creating the

proposed system that can help them to enhance the (aculty #nformation

System of +amon Magsaysay Technological niversity *+MT-.

*+* Intervie)

3uring requirements gathering stage, the proponents conduct

interview with faculty, %+, and +egistrar of +MT, who gave the resources

and needed information about the flow of the manual system and the

manual process of keeping and organizing faculty information.

1.


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The proponents had some inspection regarding the current system to

gather more ideas on how to design the proposed system. (rom this

observation, the proponent noted some problems being encountered.

1.8 Internet &esearh

The proponents also conduct an internet research to gather more

data and topics that are related to the study.

1.= Li#rary &esearh

The proponents also used library materials like thesis documentation

books, >ournals and articles that are related to the proposed study in

gathering significant information and validation of the study.

1.? Survey and Testing

The proponents conduct a survey and user testing to derive

interpretations and inferences. The survey is presented in accordance with the

statement of the specific problem. 0roponents also conduct Usability testing, itis

a technique used in user$centered interaction design to evaluate a manual

process of faculty information system of +MT.


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Data 0athering Instruments

* "ompany -#servation+

The proponents had some inspection regarding the current system to

gather more ideas on how to design our proposed system. (rom this

observation, we noted some problems being encountered.

* 8aturalisti o#servation

/aturalistic observation is a research tool in which a sub>ect is

observed in its natural habitat without any manipulation by the

observer.

The faculty information system of +MT is still manual.

urrently, there is no computer system dedicated in monitoring and

managing (aculty #nformation. Thus, it is arduous to the part of the

%+ and faculty to get information because data and information are

not readily available. (aculty information is only kept and compiled in

a file cabinet. All the events and activities can only be broadcast to

the faculty individually. (aculty 7oad assignment is also difficult to

monitor because there is still no database used to keep track on the

teaching load of the faculty. #t is very difficult to both the %+ and

(aculty considering large amount of information is concern and it still

growing. Therefore the omputerized (aculty #nformation System is

needed in +MT.


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9 Partiipants o#servation

0articipants observation is a structured type

of research strategy. #t is a widely used methodology in many

disciplines, particularly, cultural anthropology, but

also sociology, communication studies, and social psychology. #ts aim

is to gain a close and intimate familiarity with a given group of

individuals *such as a religious, occupational, or sub cultural group, or

a particular community- and their practices through an intensive

involvement with people in their natural environment, usually over an

e"tended period of time.

The 0roponents #ndicate the Specific 0roblem of the (aculty

#nformation System for 'lanco (amily Academy.

1.


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1.


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(emale/o < 3isagree

Table 1B Survey riteria

ser )valuation

riteria Scale 4alue +ating #nterpretation

orrectness ) ? )"cellent

+eliability 5 = 5ood

)fficiency A 8 Average

Testability 0 < 0oor

0ortability / # 1 /eeds #mprovement

Table


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Analytial Tools

The analytical tools in conducting the proposed study were the System

Architecture, onte"t 3iagram, 3ata (low 3iagram, System flowchart, %#0H

*%ierarchical #nput$0rocess$Hutput- and 4TH *4isual Table of ontents-.

"ontet Diagram+#t is a data flow diagram, with only one massive central

process that subsumes everything inside the scope of the system. #t shows how

the system will receive and send data flows to the e"ternal entities involved.

Data (lo) Diagram+#t is a graphical representation of the IflowI of data

through an information system, modeling its process aspects. Hften they are a

preliminary step used to create an overview of the system which can later be

elaborated. #t also shows what kinds of data will be input to and output from the

system, where the data will come from and go to, and where the data will be

stored.

3ata flow diagram show the step by step procedure that is more

complicated on how the system will works.

System (lo)hart. #t is the graphical representation of the flow of data in

the system, and represents the work process of the system. #nformation system

flowchart show how data flows from source documents through the computer to

final distribution to users. 0rogram flowcharts show the sequence of instructions

in a single program or subroutine.


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#t shows the flow of the payroll system were the human resources is in

charge in adding new employee information including editing, deleting and set of

salary for every employee. The user allows all the employee to register their

finger print for their time log, the system will have a transaction were it will show

all the computation of payroll and generate the reports for the employee unlike

the e"isting system of 'lanco family academy it is more sophisticated when it

comes into computation and filling the records of each employee. #t will be

efficient for the user to use if the system is more accurate and fast when it comes

into preparing the payroll of employee. *See Appendi" 3 for the System

(lowchart-

/IP- 1/ierarhy plus Input6Proess6-utput2 technique is a tool for

planning andCor documenting a computer program. A %#0H model consists of a

hierarchy chart that graphically represents the program9s control structure and a

set of #0H *#nput$0rocess$Hutput- charts that describe the inputs to, the outputs

from, and the functions *or processes- performed by each module on the

hierarchy chart.

%ierarchical #nput process output is similar to vtoc where it shows the

module needed by the system. The process on how the data has been entered

and how it9s being process will show its output or results.

5T-" or 5isual Ta#le of "ontents+#t is an analytical tool for planning

andCor documenting a computer program. )ach function represented by a

rectangular bo" can be described in further detail in an #0H *or input$process$


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output- diagram. #t also show the scope of the system were the module are

connected.

4TH shows every module of the system, their module contains the form

where it reflects on how the modules are connected and every form represents

the detailed information of every module at it is arranged through tables.

E&D or Entity6&elation Diagram+ #t is a specialized graphic that

illustrates the relationships between entities in a database. )+ diagrams often

use symbols to represent three different types of information. 'o"es are

commonly used to represent entities. 3iamonds are normally used to represent

relationships and ovals are used to represent attributes. )+3 is used to see the

relationship of different entity in the system.

The entity relationship diagram shows the relations of entities or the user

of the system on how heCshe does the process, you will see the flow where the

user is connected to what heCshe does.


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sports equipment inventory management system

Documents