SPICE & Disaster Risk Managment

i ki d l

Disaster Risk Managment

Linking Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) with Tsunami Disaster Risk

Management: Some Experiences from Capacity Management: Some Experiences from Capacity Building Measures in Indonesia

International Symposium

‘Restoration and Development of Tsunami Affected Areas in Indonesia, 30th-31st January

Eb h d K i

, J y

Fachhochschule Erfurt, University of Applied Sciences

Eberhard Krain

Zentrum für Marine Tropenökologie (ZMT), Bremen

OverviewOverviewIntroducing SPICE: Science for the Protection of Indonesian Coastal Marine Ecosystems and its contextand its contextA glance on the emerging Indonesian tsunami risk management, the example oftsunami risk management, the example of Padang, West SumatraCapacity building in integrated coastal zone and coastal disaster risk managementOutlook

- 2 -

ContextContextIndonesia» 17,500 islands, largest archipelago in

the world» 5000 km length vom east to west,

second longest coastline in the worldg» Paramount importance for ocean

circulation and world climate» Marine mega-diversity» 140 million people live along the coast» 140 million people live along the coast» Tanah air = land-water = homeland

Problems» Coastal areas under severe stress: river

damming deforestation intensificationdamming, deforestation; intensification of agriculture; overfishing; habitat destruction; water pollution

CausesI i i i i» Intense economic activities

» High population density» High poverty

Indonesia is an important country to study land & ocean interactions

- 3 -

Natural Disasters in Indonesia/YearIndonesia/Year

» 200-300 natural disasters

The “Ring of Fire”

» 300-400 victims» Thousands of IDPs» Mio $ losses» Mio. $ lossesCauses

3 tectonic plates> 190 l> 190 vulcanoesIndonesia has more earthquakes than any other country (e gother country (e.g. 2500 in 2005)

- 4 -

SPICE set-upSPICE set upScience for the Protection of Indonesian Coastal Marine

Ecosystems (SPICE)

Overarching objective» To address natural social and

Ecosystems (SPICE)

» To address natural, social and economic science issuesrelated to the management of Indonesian coastal systems

Specific objectives» Strengthening scientific data

base on coastal ecosystemsy» Capacity and infrastructure

building in the maritime sector» Contributing to education and

public awarenessProgram period: 7/03-6/07 (Phase I)

Research partners in Germany

- 5 -

SPICE Research Clusters

1 Coral reef ecos stems inScience for the Protection of 1. Coral reef ecosystems in Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi2 Mangrove ecosystems in

Science for the Protection of Indonesian Coastal Marine

Ecosystems (SPICE)2. Mangrove ecosystems in Segara Anakan Lagoon, South Java3. River Basin Pollution and Management, Riau, Sumatra4. Aquaculture, Bali5. Marine Geology and Bio-geochemistry, East und South Java6. Coastal Governance and Management in South

- 6 -

Management in South Sulawesi and East Sumatra

Types of DisastersTypes of Disasters

DISASTER OCCURANCE IN INDONESIADISASTER OCCURANCE IN INDONESIA 2002-2005

Flood and Landslides3 3%

Terror

Landslide

Earthquake and Tsunami

0.1%

Volcanic Eruption1.7%

Earthquake

3.3%0.4%

Tidal w ave/surge1.0%

Accident0.5%

16.0%Earthquake

4.6%Storm11.1%

Flood34.1%

Fire19.9%

Epidemic7.2%

Source: Yanuarita & Krain, MEST, 2006- 7 -

Tsunami Hazards since 1200Tsunami Hazards since 1200

Source: Leman, SLAS-Conference, 2006 - 8 -

Concept of the Tsunami Early W i S tWarning System

- 9 -

Tsunamis Hazard Map f th W ldof the World

Padang, West Sumatra

Source: Nation Geographic MagazineMakassar, South Sulawezi - 10 -Cilacap, South Java

Example Padang, West Sumatra

Source : Dr. Abdul Hakam - 11 -

Z iZoning

0 - 5 m NN5 – 10 m NN

10 – 25 m NN25 – 100 m NN

> 100 m NN

Safe areas: > 5 m NN

- 12 -

Tools for WarningTools for WarningSirenes

Billboards

Evacuation Road SignsRoad Signs

- 13 -

Evacuation Routes and PointsINDARUNG

KAMPUS UNAND

TELUK BAYUR

BY PASS

LUBUK BEGALUNG

SIMPANG HARU

Town CenterJL. RADEN SALEH

Source: Dinas Prasarana Jalan Propinsi Sumbar- 14 -

Awareness Creation and Participation of CommunitiesParticipation of Communities

1 Start-up workshop 2. Communities work out small evacuation1. Start-up workshop 2. Communities work out small evacuation routes to the main evacuation routes

4. Evacuation routes are finalized!3. Evacuation routes are presented and discussed - 15 -

Awareness creation and education in schoolseducation in schools

a.o. awareness creation and education of teachers and students:

Knowledge about earthquakes

Preparations that can be done by schools

The role of teachers in disaster management

What everybody can do

Evacuation exercises in schools - 16 -

Media for Awareness CreationAwareness Creation

Media must be easy to be understood

Involving children (Boy- and Girl Scounts)Involving children (Boy and Girl Scounts)

- 17 -

To Prepare Oneself & the FamilyOneself & the Family

Preparing emergenc contacts

Working out evacuation routes in the house

Agreeing on a meeting pointPreparing emergency contacts

Preparing an evacuation bag

g g g p

Assigning who helps the young, old and ailing - 18 -

Evacuation ExercisesEvacuation Exercises

- 19 -

Linking Coastal & Disaster Ri k M t C it B ildiRisk Management: Capacity Building

2006-Apr: Conference & Summer School on pCoastal and Disaster Risk Management for Extreme Events Impact Mitigation at Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi2006-Aug: International Workshop & Training Course on Coastal Ecosystem: Hazards Management and Rehabilitation2006 Nov: Conference Southeast Asia2006-Nov: Conference Southeast Asia Coastal Governance and Management Forum: Science Meets Policy for Coastal Management and Capacity Building, Session 4 on Disaster risk and coastal

2006-Nov: Workshop Life Accompanied by Disasters: Earthquakes &

Session 4 on Disaster risk and coastal management as a multi-level governance issue; at Bali

p p y qTsunamis at Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra2006-Oct Nov: Marine Special Training Course at Hasanuddin University, Makasar - 20 -

Training ManualTraining Manual

Taming the Impossible?!

Tsunami and Coastal Disaster Risk Management in Indonesia

By: Eberhard Krain, Dewi Yanuarita and Anne-Katrin Link

Center for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), BremenCenter for Tropical Marine Ecology (ZMT), Bremen

Center for Coral Reef Research at Hasanuddin University, Makassar- 21 -

Tsunami Risk ManagementT i i M l Wh ?Training Manual: Why?

What type of wave is a tsunami? (only one answer is correct))

1. A deep water wave2. A shallow water wave2. A shallow water wave3. A deep water wave in deep ocean water

and a shallow water wave near the coast4. I don‘t know

- 22 -

Results at MEST, MakassarResults at MEST, Makassar

- 23 -

Manual OutlineManual OutlineMain ChaptersMain Chapters» Causes of tsunamis» Physical properties of tsunami waves» Characteristics and dimensions of tsunamis» Characteristics and dimensions of tsunamis» Tsunami warning systems» Do‘s and don‘s during preparation for and during a tsunami» Disaster risk management in Indonesia

– Institutional framework for disaster management in Indonesia– Relationship between CDRM and ICZM

Contains additionally» Questions within the manual» Answers in an annex» List of reading material/references» Glossary of important terms and acronyms» Glossary of important terms and acronyms

- 24 -

OutlookOutlookManual » is freely available to anyone» Manual still needs to be improved & translated» New partners are invited to use it and to join in improving it

Research» Teaming up with ZMT and other partners in Germany» Teaming up with partners in Indonesia

Gearing up for conference in Padang (and elsewhere): » The International Symposium on Disasters in Indonesia:

Problems and Solutions, in Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia from 26 to 28 July 2007

» www unand ac id/disastersymposium» www.unand.ac.id/disastersymposium

- 25 -

Danke sehr!Danke sehr!Terima Kasih!Terima Kasih!