spencer multistage serial no: model no: blowers – soh ... · fabricated centrifugal blowers –...

Spencer® MultistageFabricated CentrifugalBlowers – SOH,4BOH & 4BOB

ImportantRead and become familiar with this manual prior to installing your Spencer blower. Following the instructions detailedhere will help you realize its full potential of efficient service and extended lifespan. Damage resulting from failure to followcorrect procedure will void the warranty.

The Spencer Turbine Company Windsor, Connecticut 06095 Form AA16

Serial No:

Model No:

SOH Standard Overhung

4BOB Four-Bearing Outboard

4BOH Four-Bearing Overhung

Operating andMaintenance Manual

www.spencerturbine.com

Contents PageI Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2

Product Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3II Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3III Safety Precautions & Operating Guidelines . . . . . . .3IV Handling and Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Lifting and Moving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Unpacking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

V Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4Blower Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41. Piping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42. Flexible Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43. Butterfly Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54. Filters, Silencers and Filter Silencers . . . . . . . . . .55. Check Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56. Electrical . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57. Coupling Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58. Shaft Seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79. Motor Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7

VI Operation and Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Startup Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Blower Startup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Surge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Normal Operating Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Periodic Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Parallel Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

VII Lubrication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Motor Bearings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Blower Bearings, 4BOH & 4BOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8Flexible Couplings, 4BOH & 4BOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

VIII Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Replacement Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Equipment Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Material Safety Data Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Emergency Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9Service and Operating Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9SOH Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . . .10SOH Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . . .114BOH Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . .124BOH Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . .134BOB Diagram and Recommended Spare Parts . . .144BOB Disassembly/Reassembly Instructions . . . . .15

IX Troubleshooting Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Insufficient Air or Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Excessive Machine Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Machine Vibrating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Motor Hot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

I. IntroductionWelcome as a Spencer customer and owner of a new centrifugalblower. Your blower incorporates exclusive Spencer engineeringtechnology, based on more than a century of leadership in blowerdesign and manufacture.This manual contains the information you need for handling,installing, operating and maintaining your new equipment correctly,to ensure trouble-free operation and long service life. Pleaseread it thoroughly. Illustrations and instructions contained hereapply to three series of blowers; Standard Overhung (SOH),Four Bearing Overhung (4BOH) and Four Bearing Outboard(4BOB). If you need assistance in determining which model youhave, please consult your Spencer Representative.Your Spencer Representative will also answer any questions youmay have about the procedures or recommendations presentedin this manual. The Spencer Service and Engineering Departmentscan provide assistance as well.Be sure the machine model number and serial number are cor-rectly recorded in the boxes on the front cover of this manual.These numbers may be found on the nameplate (see samplesbelow) located on the machine housing.Having this information easily accessible will expedite partsorders and other communication with the factory. To serve yourmaintenance and repair needs promptly, Spencer maintains alarge inventory of parts for all blower models.

2

Read instructions before handling and starting equipment

Made in U.S.A. Plate No. PLN90051

Manufactured under the following Registered Trademarks:62,801; 140,976; 652,701; 134,026; 341,418; 1,348,270;

959,254; 595,313; 7,218,205; 7,218,285

Serial No.

Model No.

The Spencer Turbine Company, Windsor, CT 06095800-232-4321 860-688-8361


Use Original Factory Parts & Service

Gas Booster

Read instructions before handling and starting equipment

Made in U.S.A. Plate No. PLN90054

Manufactured under the following Registered Trademarks:62,801; 140,976; 652,701; 1,616,417; 134,026; 341,418;

1,348,270; 959,254; 7,218,205; 7,218,284

Serial No.

Model No.

The Spencer Turbine Company, Windsor, CT 06095800-232-4321 860-688-8361


Use Original Factory Parts & Service

Centrifugal Blower

Product DescriptionThese Spencer blowers are multistage centrifugal units whichhandle air and other gases, working either as blowers orexhausters. They increase the pressure of the incoming air orgas by guiding it from one stage to the next through diffusers.They are centrifugal because the flow through the blower isturned perpendicular to the axis of rotation.The most prevalent Spencer blower configuration is the stan-dard overhung type which has all the impellers mounted directlyon an extended motor shaft.The four-bearing overhung blower uses a standard shaft motorand an overhung impeller design. The rotating blower assemblyis supported by a rigid ball bearing bracket and shaft, which isconnected to the motor via a flexible coupling.In four-bearing outboard blowers, the impellers are mounted ona shaft supported between two outboard bearings and driven bya standard shaft motor through a flexible coupling.

II. Limited WarrantyWe warrant that this product will be free from defects in materialand workmanship for a period of 18 months from date of ship-ment or 12 months from date of startup, whichever comes first.Within the warranty period, we shall repair or replace, F.O.B.our Factory, such products that are determined by us to bedefective.This warranty will not apply to any product which has been sub-jected to misuse, negligence or accident, or misapplied orimproperly installed. This warranty will not apply to any productwhich has been disassembled, repaired or otherwise altered byany persons not authorized by the Spencer Service Department.The guarantees of the motor, control and component manufac-turers govern the extent of our guarantee on such equipment.Warranty work on motors, controls and components must beauthorized by Spencer and must be performed in an authorizedshop as designated by the motor, control and component man-ufacturers. The Spencer Turbine Company reserves the right toinvoice all expenses incurred when repairs are made in the fieldat the specific request of a customer. For complete warrantyinformation, refer to Form 706, “Spencer's Terms and Conditionsof Sales.”

Ill. Safety Precautionsand OperatingGuidelines

• Read and follow all instructions in this manual. If you haveany questions, consult your Spencer Representative.

• Use appropriately rated lifting equipment for installation,removal or disassembly of heavy components.

• Remove inlet and discharge covers, silica gel bags and crat-ing materials prior to blower installation.

• Inspect all openings for tools and foreign matter before con-necting accessories or piping.

• Perform all installing and operating procedures with care,following sound practices to avoid accidents and damage.

• Avoid climbing on or over the blower; use proper staging andladders for exterior machine access.

• Be sure isolation pads are placed beneath the blower. Seepage 4.

• Install flexible connectors on inlet and discharge flanges toisolate piping loads from the blower.

• Ensure that piping, machine guards and accessories such asfilters or valves are properly installed and fastened.

• Install a filter on the inlet when the blower is used in pressureservice and keep it clean.

• Allow only qualified electricians to work on electrical equipment.• Lock electrical circuits open and tag them during servicing of

equipment.• Align the coupling as instructed on page 5 (4BOH and 4BOB

blowers only). Then remove alignment tools and replacecoupling guard before restarting blower.

• Turn the blower shaft by hand to verify free rotation withoutrubbing or noise.

• Check motor rotation as instructed on page 7.• Do not operate the blower where there is an ambient temper-

ature above 104°F (40°C), unless it has been designed forsuch conditions.

• Operate blower with sufficient restriction at all times (via con-nected piping system or throttled butterfly valve) to avoidmotor overloading.

• Do not allow blower operation in surge (unstable low flow) ordamage may result.

• Rotate shaft of stored or inactive blowers a few times byhand every week.

• Use only genuine Spencer parts for repairs and service.

3

Standard Overhung Design

4

IV. Handling andStorage

Each Spencer blower is carefully balanced and tested at thefactory. For optimum performance, it must be handled with careduring unloading and installation.Check the shipment for damage upon arrival; file any claimswith the shipper and notify Spencer.

Lifting and MovingMoving of this equipment is the customerʼs responsibility andshould be performed or directed by experienced riggers usingaccepted rigging practices and safety precautions. The blower/motor assembly can be lifted and relocated with a forklift, over-head crane or hoist. Always use lifting equipment rated for theloads involved.CAUTION: Do not lift the blower by its shaft or bearinghousing; use the furnished lifting eyes or slots in theblower base.

StorageIf a blower is stored for an extended period before use orbetween uses, protect it from dampness, dirt and vibration.Suspend bags of silica gel desiccant in the inlet and discharge.Cover the entire blower if possible or at least cover the inlet anddischarge openings to keep out foreign matter. Rotate the blow-er shaft a few times by hand every week, keeping a log.CAUTION: Failure to comply with the required storageprovisions, including weekly shaft rotations, will void thewarranty.

Unpacking1. Uncrate the blower, saving all literature, boxes and parts.2. Remove inlet and discharge protective caps and all packing

materials.3. Use the packing slip to check off and confirm the presence

of all ordered components.4. Read any instructional and warning labels on the machine

before installation and operation.

V. InstallationNOTE: If any problems are encountered during installation orstartup, consult your local Spencer Representative.

LocationCAUTION: Do not locate blower or controls where they willbe subject to ambient temperatures above 104°F (40°C)during operation, unless specially equipped for highertemperatures.Spencer blowers may be installed outdoors, preferably undercover, or indoors. When choosing an indoor location, be surethere is sufficient ventilation to allow unrestricted airflow to theblower. In addition, it is advisable to leave several feet of spacearound the blower and motor for ease of servicing. Inaccessibilitycan prove costly.

Consideration should be given to the noise generated by thisequipment and its contribution to the ambient noise level.Optional noise reduction accessories include blower housingsound attenuation jackets, filter silencers or silencers for theblower inlet and/or discharge, and silencers for the motor.NOTE: Duct noise attenuation is a customer responsibility.

FoundationA level concrete pad is recommended, although any flat levelsurface that can support the machine weight is satisfactory. Theblower base should be placed level on the furnished isolationpads or equivalent. Each pad must be shimmed, if necessary,to ensure that it is carrying its share of the load. If lag bolts andnuts are used to restrain the blower, hand-tighten only.NOTE: Spencer does not recommend grouting of machines.

Blower SetupCAUTION: Make sure blower inlet and discharge ports areunobstructed before connecting piping to blower.

1. PipingAll piping connected to the blower should be of ample size tominimize frictional loss. All system joints must be airtight; leakypipes waste air and power.All piping must be properly aligned and supported to avoidstress on the blower and restrained to prevent movement awayfrom the blower caused by air pressure. Flexible connectorsmust be used to connect piping to the blower.NOTE: The diagram above shows the proper orientation of apiping elbow in-line with the blower shaft. The butterfly valveshould have its shaft at right angles to the blower shaft and thevalve should open as indicated (counterclockwise in this exam-ple). These steps will assure uniform loading of the blowerʼsfirst stage.

1" Isolation Pad(shim if necessary)

Inlet

Discharge

CheckValve

FlexibleConnectors

ButterflyValve

5

2. Flexible ConnectorsCAUTION: Connected piping must not touch the blower.Use flexible connectors (expansion joints or rubber sleeves)on both the inlet and discharge to create an isolating gapbetween blower and piping.

3. Butterfly ValveTo regulate (throttle) blower volume and/or pressure, a butterflyvalve may be installed—preferably on the inlet. A valve mayalso be installed on the discharge as an isolation valve.

4. Filters, Silencers and Filter SilencersSpencer blowers will accept a filter or filter silencer, typically onthe inlet, and a silencer, typically on the discharge. Inlet filtrationis recommended for pressure applications.

5. Check ValveCAUTION: A check valve must be installed in the dischargeline (downstream of any blow-off line) of each blower oper-ating in parallel, or in the inlet line (upstream of any bleedline) of each vacuum producer operating in parallel toprevent reverse flow through idle units.Orient the check valve during installation to equalize loading onthe valve shutters. Usually, the hinge post of the check valveshould be installed perpendicular to the blower shaft. If thecheck valve is installed in a horizontal piping line, position thevalve shaft vertically. Make sure the internal moving parts canmove freely.

6. ElectricalNOTE: All wiring and electrical adjustments or installations mustbe done by a qualified electrician in accordance with theNational Electrical Code and local codes.CAUTION: The electrical service at the installation sitemust supply the voltage stamped on the motor nameplate.Operation at an incorrect voltage may damage the motorand void its warranty.In making electrical connections, follow the wiring instructionsfurnished. Wire and fuses should be of ample capacity toensure that proper voltage is maintained at the motor terminalswhile starting and running. It is important that proper startingequipment is used. The starters should have thermal overloadprotection as well as true low-voltage protection.Electrical Accessories. The following optional safety acces-sories are available from Spencer. For copies of the productbulletins listed, contact your Spencer Representative orwww.spencerturbine.com.• Load Control Safety Switch (LCSS)—Bult. No. TDS-223• Electronic Modulating Bleed Control (EMBC)— Bult. No.

TDS-224• Bearing Temperature Monitor Control (BTMC)— Bult. No.

TDS-222• Standard Blower Safety Control Panels (LCSS, BTMC and

VM, Vibration Monitor)—Bult. No. TDS-237 and TDS-236NOTE: Use of a BTMC, vibration monitor and an LCSS orEMBC may be advisable in crucial or unattended applications,anywhere there are wide load fluctuations or where machinesare operating at high pressure or vacuum.

Both the LCSS and EMBC are designed to prevent a blower orvacuum producer from operating in a low load (surge) condition.

7. Coupling Alignment, 4BOH & 4BOBThe coupling on this machine was carefully aligned at the factoryand the coupling halves and shell(s) marked to indicate opti-mum relative position. However, transportation may havecaused coupling misalignment.CAUTION: Check the motor and blower shafts for misalign-ment and carefully realign them if necessary after installa-tion and before startup, as misalignment can causedestructive vibration. Coupling alignment should berechecked again after an hourʼs operation. Final alignmentshould be made at average operating temperature. Aftereach alignment check, add lubricant per instructions andreplace coupling guard.WARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICALPOWER BEFORE PERFORMING ALIGNMENT.On certain blowers, the coupling is disassembled after factoryalignment and marking. The coupling halves are specially pro-tected against the elements during shipping. Prior to startup,assemble the coupling, align keyways using factory markingsand lubricate as instructed.Coupling alignment lines up the motor shaft and blower shaft inhorizontal and vertical planes. It also ensures an adequateclearance (gap) between the two coupling halves. Only quali-fied personnel should attempt to align a coupling. If problemsarise, contact Spencer or your Spencer Representative.Sier Bath Gear-Type Couplings, manufactured to our rigidspecifications, are most commonly supplied with Spencerequipment.

Sier Bath Hub to HubCoupling Size, in. Gap, in.

7/8 1/81-1/2 1/82 1/82-1/2 1/43 1/43-1/2 1/44 1/44-1/2 1/45 1/4

Remove one snap ring and slide the sleeve off the hub halves.Using a feeler gage, verify that the gap between the couplinghalves agrees with this table.CAUTION: Some motor shafts are spring-loaded axially. Becareful when using the feeler gage to avoid compressingthe shaft and disturbing the normal at-rest position.Machinery Soft FootImperfections or unevenness between the machine base andany foot of the motor or blower creates a condition known assoft foot, which may be parallel or angular. If uncorrected, softfoot leads to increased stress and high vibration. Although boththe motor and blower feet were preset at the factory, each footmust be checked for soft foot prior to alignment. Any vertical orangular soft foot that exceeds .003” is excessive and must becorrected.

6

Laser Alignment Technique (Recommended)Laser systems have significant advantages such as reducedmaintenance costs and energy consumption; prolonged life forbearings, seals and couplings; decreased bearing temperaturesand lower vibration levels. Many laser systems also identify andmeasure soft foot conditions.NOTE: Consult an alignment specialist if laser equipment is notavailable.

Reverse Indicator Method (Permissible)This method may be done electronically following the instru-ment manufacturerʼs instructions or by means of dial indicatorsas follows:1. Reinstall the coupling sleeve, seal and snap ring.2. Clamp dial indicators on shafts 180° apart as shown.3. Place indicator probes on opposite shafts as shown.4. Rotate both shafts simultaneously in the correct operating

direction, taking readings at 90° intervals.5. Adjust motor to achieve parallel and angular alignment. If

questions arise, contact the Spencer Service Department.

Straightedge Method (Permissible)1. Remove old lubricant and clean the hub teeth.2. Set a machine shop quality straightedge across the coupling

hubs (at the root diameter of the gear teeth).3. Adjust the motor so the straightedge is evenly supported

between the coupling hubs at the 3, 6, 9 and 12 oʼclockpositions.

4. Using a feeler gage, measure the clearance between thecoupling hubs at the 3, 6, 9 and 12 oʼclock positions.

5. Adjust the motor so the gap is identical at all four positionsand in accord with the table of hub to hub gaps.

Coupling Alignment with Sleeve Bearing MotorsCAUTION: Complete the following procedures beforeattempting coupling alignment with sleeve bearing motors.Use a flange-type gear coupling for both 1800 and 3600 RPMmotors. Do not use a sleeve-type coupling.Sleeve bearing motors have a specified end play. End play limitsand the magnetic center (where motor will run) should bescribed on the shaft by the manufacturer.Use the following procedure to align a sleeve bearing motorwith a blower.1. Make sure the motor shaft is level.2. Position the motor so that when the rotor is pushed toward

the blower as far as it will go, there will 0.030" clearancebetween the ends of the motor and blower shafts (or thealignment faces on the coupling hubs).

3. Proceed with coupling alignment using the appropriateinstructions.

Alignment Tips• Make sure the blower is level before alignment.• Mark the axial location of the motor before alignment as a

reference point to be sure it does not move.• Avoid disturbing any factory-installed shims unless they are

to be replaced.• Do soft foot corrections first; loosen all mounting bolts before

correcting any foot.• During the final vertical adjustment of the motor, work on

one side at a time, loosening the jack bolts first so the motordoes not move laterally as mounting bolts are loosened.

• Use the smallest shim that will slide over the mounting bolts.• Minimize the number of shims. One thick shim and 2-3 thin

shims are usually satisfactory.• Remove all traces of dirt or contaminants from shims and

machine parts.• Use stainless steel shims only.• Never reuse shims.CAUTION: After each alignment check, add coupling lubri-cant if required.WARNING: REPLACE THE COUPLING GUARD BEFORERESTARTING THE BLOWER.

Blower Shaft Motor Shaft

Blower Shaft Motor Shaft

Straightedge

StraightedgeFeeler Gage

MotorShaft

7

8. Shaft Seals (SOH, 4BOH, 4BOBBlowers & Gas Boosters)

Shaft seals at both the inlet and discharge ends minimize leakageof gas into or out of the blower. Single Carbon Ring Seals arestandard on 4BOH and 4BOB blowers over 71/2 psig dischargepressure. Double Carbon Ring Seals, Single Mechanical orDouble Mechanical Seals may be used on Gas Boosters.Vellumoid Gasket and Felt or HTC-9850 Gasket is standard forEnd Head and Division Head Packing for low pressure / tempera-ture applications. Consult Spencer Form DD or applicablemanufacturerʼs instructions.

9. Motor RotationThe motor must be wired correctly to rotate the blower in theright direction. A rotation arrow is located on the blower housing.“Bump” or jog the start button and observe the direction of rotationof the motor shaft. This movement must agree with the rotationarrow. If the rotation is incorrect, the motor wiring must bechanged.This diagram shows the available discharge positions, viewedfrom the intake end, and the direction of blower rotation associatedwith each discharge position.

VI. Operation andAdjustments

Startup PrecautionsBefore operating a new blower for the first time, review itsinstallation and setup to be sure that no steps have been over-looked.

1. Installation Check List• Is there any damage from transportation or installation?• Is the machine level?• Have all packing, shipping materials and tools been removed?• Is the inlet filter in place?• Are isolation pads in place?• Is the piping connected and supported?• Are flexible connectors in place between blower and piping?• Are safety guards in place?

2. Adjustment Checks• Is the coupling aligned within tolerances and lubricated?

(4BOB & 4BOH blowers only)

3. Operational Checks• Is the throttling valve closed or properly positioned?• Do the blower shaft and driver spin freely?• Is the isolation valve (if any) open?• Is the system ready for air or gas delivery?• Has motor rotation been checked?• Are motor and electrical accessories properly wired?• Is the control panel energized?• Have maintenance and operations personnel been notified?CAUTION: This blower must have adequate system resis-tance at all times to avoid operation at or near free delivery(wide open). It is typically imposed by the process andsupplemented with a throttling valve. Running the bloweroverloaded will damage the motor.

Blower StartupWith the system connected and the throttling valve closed, turnthe blower on. Quickly assess the current draw of the motor.Adjust the system load or throttling valve until the desired flowis reached, being careful not to operate in surge or to exceedthe full-rated motor capacity. Initially, blowers will temporarilydevelop more differential pressure and take more power. Checkfinal settings after operating temperature is achieved, typicallyafter one-half hour. If the throttling valve is not fully open whenthe motor capacity has been reached, it should be fixed at thispoint to prevent further opening and possible overloading of themotor.

Carbon Ring

Mechanical Seal

8

SurgeCAUTION: Do not operate blower in surge (unstable lowflow range). Damage to blower caused by operating insurge is not covered by Spencer warranty.A blower in surge produces a rush or pulsating rhythmic airsound caused when airflow into or out of the blower is restricted.In addition to its characteristic noise, surge may be detected bypower or pressure fluctuations. Surge is destructive because itis accompanied by excessive temperatures and aerodynamicforces that will ultimately cause mechanical failure. A surge condi-tion is simply eliminated by increasing the airflow either into thesystem or to a bypass or vent. Various surge control devicesare also available from Spencer—see page 5.NOTE: If a blower surges violently at startup, avoid recurrencesby leaving the throttling valve open at or near its normal operatingposition.

Normal Operating LimitsNOTE: Use of a Spencer bearing temperature monitor andvibration monitor is recommended to alert personnel to bloweroperation outside the following limits.• Vibration should not exceed 1.5 mils @ 3500 rpm, 1.8 mils @

2900 rpm or 3.0 mils @ 1750 rpm at each bearing housing.All of these speeds have a velocity limit of 0.275 in/sec.

• Follow the motor manufacturerʼs recommendations for maxi-mum motor bearing and winding temperatures.

• Blower bearing temperatures should not exceed the followingvalues at the bearing housing surface.

Series Inlet End Discharge End°F (°C) °F (°C)

4BOH 150 (66) 150 (66)4BOB 165 (74) 150 (66)

If abnormal operation is detected, shut the blower down andrefer to the Troubleshooting Guide in the back of this manual orcontact Spencer.

Periodic OperationCAUTION: All blowers should be operated periodically.In multiple blower installations, periodically rotate each blowerfrom standby to operating status.

Parallel InstallationCAUTION: A check valve must be installed in the dischargeline of each blower or inlet of each vacuum producer oper-ating in parallel to prevent reverse flow through idle units.CAUTION: Do not operate centrifugal blowers in parallelwith positive displacement blowers. Such operation maydamage the centrifugal blowers and will void the warranty.When operating two or more blowers in parallel (typically identicalblowers), each must carry its share of the load. The currentreadings of all motors should be approximately the same. Itmay be necessary to adjust the individual throttling valve stopsto attain similar readings.

VII. LubricationWARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICALPOWER BEFORE PERFORMING LUBRICATION.

Motor BearingsFollow the motor manufacturerʼs recommendations. Somemotors are equipped with sealed bearings not intended forrelubrication; these motors have no grease or drain plugs.

Blower Bearings (4BOH & 4BOB)4BOH and 4BOB blowers are equipped with deep-groove ballbearings designed to carry the thrust and radial loads. Thesebearings are packed at the factory with sufficient grease for1500 to 8000 hours of continuous operation prior to relubrication.Lubrication prior to blower operation is not recommended andshould not be attempted.If, however, the blower has been stored for three months or longer,remove the bearing caps and check for moisture or hard grease.Discard any hard or dry grease and relubricate if necessary.An average lubrication interval should be established based onexisting conditions. Several factors affect the frequency oflubrication:1. Operating temperature of the bearing2. Indoor or outdoor blower location3. Clean or dusty conditions4. Ambient temperature5. Predicted duty cycle6. Bearing size and speedUnder actual operating conditions, the ideal lubrication intervalof 8000 hours should be adjusted according to the followingtable.NOTE: The higher limit of each range shown is for small bearings(#308 and smaller); the lower limit is for large sizes. This tableis only a guide. An extremely dirty atmosphere could decreasethe lubrication interval as much as 50%.

Operating Condition Lubrication Interval

I 1. 120—150°F bearing temp. 4000—6000 hours2. Indoor installation3. Clean atmosphere4. 40—100°F ambient temp.5. Continuous operation

II Same conditions as I except 6000—8000 hoursintermittent operation

Ill 1. 120—155°F bearing temp. 3000—5000 hours2. Outdoor installation3. All atmospheres4. 0—104°F ambient temp.5. Continuous operation

IV Same conditions as Ill except 5000—7000 hoursintermittent operation

9

Lubrication ProcedureCAUTION: Keep the grease clean and maintain cleanlinessto avoid bearing contamination and damage.NOTE: More bearing failures are caused by overgreasing thanlack of lubricant. Always add grease sparingly.CAUTION: Use Chevron SRI #2 grease. Intermixing incompat-ible greases or using any other type may result in bearingfailure which is not covered under the Spencer warranty.

Chevron SRI #2 Grease SpecificationsGrade or consistency...............................................................#2Thickener .......................................................................polyureaASTM Dropping Point ........................................................480°FWork Penetration...................................................................270Base Oil Viscosity ..........................................600 SUS @ 100°FColor..........................................................................Blue-Green

To lubricate blower bearings, use the following procedure:1. Shut down the machine.2. Remove guards as necessary.3. Inject the recommended grease using a grease gun. The

proper amount of grease will vary with bearing size.4. Reinstall guards and restart blower.Lubrication of replacement bearings (4BOH & 4BOB).Before installing, “butter” both sides of replacement bearings byforcing grease into each side until it is flush with the race. Foroutboard tandem bearing installation, follow procedures packedwith each new bearing set.

Flexible Couplings, 4BOH & 4BOBGear-type couplings must contain lubricant at all times. Theyare lubricated at the factory with Texaco Code 1912 couplinggrease and should be relubricated with identical or compatiblegrease every six months.Two coupling lubrication ports are located 180° apart. Removethe setscrew lube plugs from both ports. Install a grease fittingin one port and rotate the coupling until the grease fitting isangled upward 45°. Pump grease in until clean grease flows outof the opposite port. Remove the grease fitting, wipe off excessgrease, then replace and tighten the lube plugs.Coupling Half RemovalGear-type couplings generally require application of heat anduse of a puller to remove.

VIII. MaintenanceWARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICALPOWER BEFORE PERFORMING MAINTENANCE.

Replacement PartsRefer to the appropriate blower diagram in this manual forreplacement part names and numbers. When ordering parts,provide full information about your Spencer equipment. Be surewhen reading nameplates that you obtain the correct informationand record it on the cover of this manual for reference whenordering parts.

Remember, the more complete your information, the quicker yourorder will be processed. Incomplete information will result inunnecessary delays and expense through callbacks. When indoubt, consult the Spencer Parts Department for further infor-mation.When ordering parts, furnish the following:• Serial number and model number.• Motor horsepower.• Blower housing diameter.• Part nomenclature—refer to the applicable diagram and

locate the needed item by its number and name.• (When ordering impellers and deflectors) Letter designation

for the specific components, obtained from the diagram.• Form number of this manual—AA15.

Equipment ServiceSpencer provides prompt, courteous factory and field servicefor all its machines. To determine the nature of the disorder andthe best way to correct it, service personnel will be dispatchedto your location. We typically request a Purchase Order prior tosending service personnel; however we will proceed on verbalorders in an emergency.Once a full evaluation of the equipment has been performed byour service personnel, you will be advised if the service work iscovered by the Spencer warranty. For out-of-warranty services,please note that we accept Visa and MasterCard charges aswell as other forms of payment.NOTE: Spencer products returned to the factory must be sentfreight prepaid and accompanied by a Return Service Order(RSO) issued by the Spencer Service Department after wereceive your Purchase Order. Service costs will be quoted afterinspection and the work will be performed upon written accep-tance of the quotation.

Material Safety Data SheetsSpencer is committed to ensuring the safety of its employees. IfSpencer equipment has been exposed to potentially hazardouscontaminants or if Spencer service personnel could be exposedto a potentially hazardous field environment, a Material SafetyData Sheet (MSDS) is required (a) prior to dispatching Spencerservice personnel or (b) before receipt of any equipment forfactory service. If special precautions are necessary to work onthe equipment, contact the Spencer Service Manager.

Emergency ServiceEmergency service calls after normal working hours are routedthrough our voice mail system at 1-800-232-4321 and aSpencer service representative will return your call promptly.

Service and Operating AssistanceSpencer Representatives are always available to help cus-tomers achieve maximum equipment performance and reliability.Likewise, Spencer service personnel will provide onsite instructionduring field service calls in the proper procedures to avoid arecurrence of the problem encountered.

10

Notes:1. Although three impellers and two deflectors are shown in

this typical drawing, the number in your machine may varydepending on its design criteria.

2. The impellers are equipped with tapered bushing hubs asillustrated or a split clamped hub.

3. When ordering replacement parts, refer to page 9.

Item Number Nomenclature1 Motor2 Division head packing (see page 7)4 Rope packing8 Impellers9 Interstage packing12 End head gasket15 Drive end motor bearing19 Opposite drive end motor bearing

Screened items are recommended spare parts

1 Motor and Shaft Assembly2 Division Head Packing2A Division Head Packing Plate3 Division Head (Not available as separate

Item)4 Rope Packing for Deflector5 End Head Bolts6 End Head7 Deflector (A, B, etc.)8 Impellers (A, B, etc.)9 Interstage Deflector Packing9A Center Deflector Plates (normally not

furnished on 30" or smaller machines)10 Split Clamped Hub or Tapered Bushing Hub

(Part of Impeller Assembly)12 End Head Gasket13 Feet14 Spacers15 Drive End Motor Bearing16 Housing17 Motor Base18 Motor Hold-Down Bolts19 Opposite Drive End Motor Bearing

*Felt on Adjustable Discharge Type

Typical Multistage Standard Overhung Type (SOH)

Intake

Discharge

*

11

Disassembly and ReassemblyInstructions, SOHWARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICALPOWER BEFORE PERFORMING MAINTENANCE.CAUTION: Parts must be reassembled in exactly the samerelative positions. Therefore, it Is recommended that eachpart be marked as it is removed from the machine to facili-tate later reassembly. It is especially important that thelocation of each impeller, as well as its position on theshaft, be marked.When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer tothe Notes on accompanying illustration.Disassembly1. Remove End Head Bolts (5) and End Head (6).2. Mark the motor shaft and impeller (8) hub with an arbitrary

12 oʼclock reference point. Remove the first stage impeller(8A) and mark it for reference during reassembly.

3. Check axial position of each deflector (7) at four radialpoints with reference to end of housing and record for refer-ence when reassembling unit.

4. Remove spacer (14A) holding rope packing (4) in place.Mark spacer for reference during reassembly.

5. Remove rope packing (4) holding deflector in place. Removedeflector (7A). Mark for reference during reassembly.

6. Proceed to remove remaining stages in the same way,marking each component to insure proper reassembly.Note: Division Head (3) cannot be removed.

7. Unbolt division head packing plate (2A) and slide packingplate and packing (2) back on the shaft.

8. Remove motor mounting bolts and slide motor (1) back.Reassembly1. Place the division head packing plate (2A) and packing (2)

on the shaft. If for any reason the packing (2) is damaged,replace it. Install the motor (1) in the housing in its originalposition. Be sure that the shaft is centered in the housing.Assemble the packing (2) and packing plate (2A) to thedivision head.

2. Run the motor (1) to check for vibration. If excessive vibrationis present, check the shaft for runout.

3. Place the first impeller (8C) on the shaft up against the divisionhead (3). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8" out and with-draw the impeller to this point. This will insure a clearanceof 1/8" behind the impeller. Tighten the hub securely.

4. Inspect the interstage packing (9), if applicable, on deflector(7B) and replace if damaged.

5. Place deflector (7B) back tightly against the stops in thecasing. Install the rope packing (4) firmly into the groove,using a suitable tool.

6. Install the next impeller (8B) on the shaft up against thedeflector (7B). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8" out andwithdraw the impeller to this point. Tighten the hub securely.

7. Install the spacer (14B) into the housing. Make sure spacerand deflector (7B) are pressed back tightly and at a uni-form distance from the end of the casing at four points.

8. Proceed in a like manner with remaining impellers, spacersand deflectors.

9. Reassemble the end head (6) to the housing using a newendhead gasket (12).

BalancingEach machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factoryto be sure vibrations, if any, are well within specifications for thisparticular machine. However, rough handling during shipmentor improper disassembly and reassembly of a machine canupset its balance and/or result in excess vibration.If there is any vibration due to an unbalanced condition afterassembly, use the following procedure.After running at operating speed and when at rest, mark posi-tion of end impeller hub on shaft. Loosen bolts or screws holdingimpeller on shaft. Rotate impeller 90° on shaft. Retighten boltsor screws. Run machine again at operating speed and checkvibration. Repeat this process until the best position is locatedfor the impeller on the shaft so that there is no vibration in themachine.NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,contact the Spencer Service Department or your SpencerRepresentative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Also furnishthe machine serial number.

12


Item Number Nomenclature1 Flexible coupling5 Coupling end bearing5A Blower end bearing6 Division head packing (see page 7)10 Impellers14 Interstage deflector packing16 End head gasket18 Rope packing21 Drive end motor bearing23 Opposite drive end motor bearing

1 Flexible Coupling2 Coupling Guard3 Bearing Bracket Lubrication Fitting4 Division Head5 Coupling End Bearing5A Blower End Bearing6 Division Head Packing6A Division Head Packing Plate7 Bearing Bracket8 End Head Bolts9 Deflectors (A, B, etc.)10 Impellers (A, B, C, etc.)11 End Head Assembly12 Impeller Bolts (or Screws)13 Shaft14 Interstage Deflector Packing14A Center Deflector Plates (Normally not

furnished on 30" or smaller machines)15 Spacers16 End Head Gasket17 Feet18 Rope Packing for Deflector19 Housing20 Base for Bearing and Motor21 Drive End Motor Bearing22 Motor23 Opposite Drive End Motor Bearing

*Not available as a separate item

Typical Four-Bearing Overhung Type (4BOH)Discharge

Intake

*

Notes:1. Although three impellers and two deflectors are shown in this

typical drawing, the number in your machine may varydepending on its design criteria.

2. The impellers are equipped with a split clamped hub asillustrated, tapered bushing hubs or keyed hubs.


13

Disassembly and ReassemblyInstructions, 4BOHWARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICALPOWER BEFORE PERFORMING MAINTENANCE.CAUTION: Parts must be reassembled in exactly the samerelative position. Therefore, it is recommended that each partbe tagged as it is removed from the machine to facilitate laterreassembly. it is especially important that the location ofeach impeller, as well as its position on the shaft, be marked.When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer tonotes on accompanying illustrations.Disassembly1. Remove End Head Bolts (8) and End Head (11).2. On other than keyed construction, mark the shaft (13) and

impeller (10) hub with an arbitrary 12 oʼclock reference point.Remove the first stage impeller (10A) and mark it for refer-ence during reassembly. On keyed construction, removesnap ring. Remove impeller (10A) and its hub spacer and anyshims, marking them for replacement in their proper position.

3. Check axial position of each deflector (9) at four radial pointswith reference to end of housing and record for referencewhen reassembling unit.

4. Remove spacer (15) holding rope packing (18) in place.Mark spacer for reference during reassembly.

5. Remove rope packing (18) holding deflector in place.Remove deflector (9). Mark for reference during reassembly.

6. Proceed to remove remaining stages in the same way,marking each component to insure proper reassembly.

Note: Division Head (4) cannot be removed.7. Rotate the blower shaft (13) so that the keyway is in the 12

oʼclock position. Mark the motor shaft and coupling hub toshow the corresponding 12 oʼclock position. Remove snapring on blower side of coupling (1) and slide coupling sleeveback.

8. Remove motor mounting bolts and slide motor (23) back.Identify and secure individual motor shim packs under eachmotor foot for reassembly.

9. Unbolt division head packing plate (6A) and slide packingplate and packing (6) back on the shaft.

10. Mark the blower end and coupling ends of the bracket (7) forreference. Remove bearing bracket hold-down bolts andslide bracket/shaft assembly out of the housing.

11. Using heat and a puller, remove the coupling hub from theshaft.

12. Unbolt the bearing caps and remove. These caps are NOTidentical so label the coupling end and blower end capsclearly. Remove the bearings (5 & 5A) from the shaft.Remove the shaft from the bracket.

Reassembly1. Assemble the shaft (13) in the bracket with new bearings (5

& 5A) and grease. Assemble the caps, being careful to placethe correct cap on each end.

2. Using heat, assemble the coupling hub on the shaft (13).3. Place the division head packing plate (6A) and packing (6)

on the shaft. If for any reason the packing (6) is damaged,

replace it. Install the bracket/shaft assembly into the housingin its original position. Be sure that the shaft is centered inthe housing. Assemble the packing (6) and packing plate(6A) to the division head.

4. Move the motor (23) back into its original position. Insure anadequate gap between the coupling hubs. Align the motor(23) to the blower shaft (13) following the instructions onpage 5 of this manual.

5. Rotate the blower shaft to the 12 oʼclock position and alignthe corresponding mark on the motor coupling hub. Recouplethe motor (23) to the shaft (13) and run the assembly tocheck for vibration. If excessive vibration is present, checkthe shaft (13) for runout.

6. On keyed construction, the impellers (10), spacers andshims are reassembled in precise reverse order of their dis-assembly. Verify clearance at each stage. On other thankeyed construction, place the first impeller (10C) on the shaftup against the division head (4). Mark the shaft (13) approxi-mately 1/8” behind the impeller and withdraw the impeller tothis point. This will insure a clearance of 1/8” behind theimpeller. Tighten the hub securely.

7. Inspect the interstage packing (14A), if applicable, ondeflector (9B) and replace if damaged.

8. Place deflector (9B) back tightly against the stops in thecasing. Install the rope packing (18) firmly into the groove,using a suitable tool.

9. Install the next impeller (10B) on the shaft up against thedeflector (9B). Mark the shaft approximately 1/8” out andwithdraw the impeller to this point. Tighten the hub securely.

10. Install the spacer (15) into the housing. Make sure spacerand deflector (9B) are pressed back tightly and at a uniformdistance from the end of the housing at four points.

11. Proceed in a like manner with remaining impellers, spacersand deflectors.

12. Reassemble the end head (11) to the housing using a newend head gasket (16).

BalancingEach machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factoryto be sure vibrations, if any, are well within specifications for thatparticular machine. However, rough handling during shipment orimproper disassembly and reassembly of a machine can upset itsbalance and/or result in excess vibration.If there is any excessive vibration due to an unbalanced conditionafter assembly, use the following procedure:1. Check coupling for misalignment. If realignment does not

correct the vibration, change the relative position of machineshaft and motor shaft in increments of 90° until the smoothestposition is found.

2. If vibration persists, shut the blower down. Mark the positionof end impeller hub on the shaft. Loosen bolts or screwssecuring the impeller. Rotate impeller 90° on shaft. Retightenimpeller. Run machine again at operating speed, and checkfor vibration. Repeat this process until the best position islocated for impeller on shaft so that there is no vibration inthe machine.

NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,contact the Spencer Service Department or your SpencerRepresentative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Also furnishthe machine serial number.

Discharge Intake

Notes:1. Although eight impellers and seven deflectors are shown in

this typical drawing, the number in your machine may varydepending on its design criteria.

2. The impellers are equipped with keyed hubs as illustratedor split clamped hubs shown below.



1 Motor2 Drive End Motor Bearing3 Flexible Coupling4 Coupling Guard6 Inboard Bearing Lubrication Fitting7 Division Head8 Inboard Bearing Cap Front8A Inboard Bearing Cap Rear9 Heat Fan Guard10 Rope Packing for Deflectors11 Deflectors (A, B, C, etc.)12 End Head Bolts13 Intake Spiral13A Grease Drain14 End Head Assembly15 Outboard Bearing Nut and Washer16 Outboard Bearing Lubrication

Fitting

25A Center Deflector Plates26 Half Deflector27 Spacers28 Feet29 Impellers (A, B, C, etc.)31 Heat Fan32 Division Head Packing32A Division Head Packing Plate33 Inboard Bearing Bracket34 Inboard Bearing35 Inboard Shaft Locking Nut and

Washer36 Common Base37 Opposite Drive End Motor

Bearing

*Not available as a separate item

14

Item Number Nomenclature2 Drive end motor bearing3 Flexible coupling10 Rope packing18 Thrust washer18A Outboard bearing(s)20 End head packing (see page 7)22 End head gasket25 Interstage deflector packing29 Impellers32 Division head packing (see page 7)34 Inboard bearing37 Opposite drive end motor bearing

Metallic packing (if equipped with packing box, see page 7)Carbon Ring (if equipped with Carbon Ring Seals, see page 7)

Alternate internal construction of a four bearingoutboard blower with split clamped hubs.

Typical Four-Bearing Outboard Type (4BOB)

17 Outboard Bearing Cap17A Outboard Bearing Housing18 Thrust Washer (where applicable)18A Outboard Bearing(s)19 Outboard Bearing Bracket19A Housing Locking Bolt and Nut20 End Head Packing (where

applicable)20A End Head Packing Plate21 Bracket Bolts22 End Head Gasket23 Housing24 Shaft and Keys24A Impeller Assembly Lock Nuts (2)

and Washer (1)24B Shaft Sleeves (Two; one keyed)25 Interstage Deflector Packing

*

Disassembly and ReassemblyInstructions, 4BOBWARNING: DISCONNECT AND LOCK OUT ELECTRICALPOWER BEFORE PERFORMING MAINTENANCE.CAUTION: Parts must be reassembled in exactly the samerelative positions. Therefore, it is recommended that eachpart be marked as it is removed from the machine to facili-tate later reassembly. it is especially important that thelocation of each impeller, as well as its position on theshaft, be marked.When ordering replacement impellers and deflectors, refer toNotes on accompanying illustrations.CAUTION: Most four-bearing outboard machines have aduplex (tandem) bearing assembly. These bearings are avail-able only from Spencer as a custom-matched set of two: onebearing for thrust and one bearing for radial load. Thesebearings are not interchangeable with commercially availablebearings carrying the same part number; they can only beused In matched sets as furnished by The Spencer TurbineCompany. For best results, follow instructions enclosed witheach matched set of bearings.Disassembly & Reassembly1. Remove packing plate nuts from packing plate (32 and 20)

on each end of machine. Slide both packing plates andpacking (32 and 20) on shaft away from heads. Remove allpacking from packing box when applicable (38 & 39).

2. Remove snap ring and back off coupling sleeve. Check gapbetween coupling hubs. See coupling manufacturerʼsinstructions for other than Sier Bath.

3. Measure distance “B” from outboard bearing bracket (19) tooutboard bearing cap (17). Remove bolts in thrust assemblyhousing cap.

4. Remove lock nut (15) and washer from end of shaft, andloosen bolt (19A) binding housing in bracket.

5. Remove bracket bolts (21). Using puller, remove completethrust assembly and bearings.

6. Remove bolts on end head, holding flat ring and end head tohousing. (Use a chain hoist if available to hold head whileremoving bolts). After removal of end head, keep shaftsupported while removing internal parts.

7. Remove intake spiral (13) after marking position to insurecorrect reassembly. See note (A).

8. Remove rope packing (10) and half deflector (26).9. On other than keyed construction, measure distance from

impeller hub to any step or shoulder on shaft and mark forreassembly. On stacked and keyed construction, removenuts and washers (24A) and shaft sleeves (24B). Removeimpeller (29) and its hub spacer, number or mark them forreplacement in their proper position. See note (B) followingparagraphs.

10. Check axial position of each deflector at 4 radial points withreference to end of housing and record.

11. Remove spacer (27) holding rope packing in place. Numberor mark for replacement.

12. Remove rope packing holding deflector in place. Then pullor work deflector (11) out of housing. Number or mark forreplacement.

13. Proceed to remove the remaining stages in the same way,numbering or marking all impellers, spacers, deflectors, etc.,to insure proper replacement.

14. Check deflector stops for damage.15. Reassemble in reverse order, replacing end head gasket

(22) and any worn packing (32, 10, 25, 20).To Change the Inboard Bearing (Motor End of the Machine)1. Remove snap ring and back off coupling sleeve.2. Check gap on coupling hubs.3. Loosen and remove motor bolts, and slide motor back.4. Remove coupling hub from machine shaft.5. Remove packing plate nuts from packing plate (32 and 20)

on each end of machine. Slide both the packing plates andpacking (32 and 20) on the shaft away from the heads.Remove all packing from packing box where applicable.

6. Remove bolts on both caps (8 and 8A) on three-arm bearingbracket (33).

7. Slide front cap off shaft, and push back cap away from bracket.8. Remove bolts holding inboard bracket in position while

supporting end of shaft.9. Slide inboard bracket off bearing.10. Remove locknut, washers, and bearing.11. Replace bearing and parts in their proper order.Realign coupling and check the hub before and after boltingmotor in place (Refer to page 5).Notes:(A) Upon reassembly, with all internal parts installed, the intakespiral edge should project slightly beyond end of housing so thatend head will hold all stationary parts in position.(B) On stacked and keyed impeller construction, the first nutinstalled is tightened with a spanner wrench, then loosened onefull turn to allow for impeller hub expansion. The second nut isbrought up to the first nut with the lockwasher in between. Locknut in position with washer tabs.BalancingEach machine is fully tested before leaving the Spencer factoryto be sure vibration, if any, is within specifications for the partic-ular machine. However, rough handling during shipment orimproper disassembly and reassembly of a machine can upsetits balance and result in excess vibrations.When a machine is being disassembled for repairs, mark theparts as they are removed. There should be no vibration whenthey are reassembled in the same order.However, if impellers are being replaced or there is any vibrationdue to an unbalanced condition after assembly, use the followingprocedure:If there is any vibration or unbalance, the coupling should bechecked first for misalignment. If realignment does not correct theimbalance, rotate coupling hubs or machine shaft and motorshaft in 90° increments until minimal vibration is obtained.NOTE: In the event of problems following repair procedures,contact the Spencer Service Department or your SpencerRepresentative, describing the nature of the difficulty. Alsofurnish the machine serial number.

15

16

PROBLEM Possible Cause Corrective Action

Indication: low pressure/vacuum as determined by gauge measurement or process

• Incorrect rotation. Change motor leads to correct rotation.• Air or gas lines too small, causing Increase line sizes or install machine with higher output

excessive friction loss. pressure.• Machine reassembled incorrectly in field. Disassemble machine and reassemble correctly.• Valves in line not fully open or check Open valves or inspect check valve.

valve improperly installed.• Inlet, discharge or piping system Remove obstructions, clean filter.

partially blocked.• High inlet temperature. Position inlet in a cooler area.• Low inlet pressure. Check inlet for obstructions or install machine with higher

discharge pressure.• Machine not running at design speed. Refer to motor manufacturerʼs instructions; check motor

speed; check voltage connections.• Low gas density or specific gravity. Check gas analysis and increase density or install

machine designed for prevailing conditions.• Machine air passages clogged. Disassemble, clean and inspect all parts.• Impellers damaged by explosion, Replace impellers.

abrasion or vibration.• Inlet spiral has rotated, partially blocking Rotate spiral to correct position and pin or clamp in

inlet (4BOB only). position.• Pressure or vacuum gauge inaccurate. Calibrate gauge; always use a “U” tube manometer for

checking pressure and/or vacuum.Indication: machine design capacity too small for the system

• System requirements incorrectly calculated Install larger volume or lower pressure machine to handleby customer. system requirements.

• System leaks or too many openings. Locate and repair leaks; reduce number of openings.Indication: measuring gas or airflow incorrectly

• Flowmeters calibrated incorrectly. Calibrate flowmeters; use proper orifice for meter (checkwith flowmeter manufacturer).

• No means of measurement available. Obtain and install flowmeter.

Indication: machine malfunction – bearing whining or growling

• Too much grease, bearings hot. Remove excess grease. Check bearing temperature;refer to lubrication instructions in this manual.

• Too little grease, bearings dry. Grease according to instructions.• Bearing failure. Replace bearing(s).• Bearing retainers worn. Replace bearing(s).• Bearing turning on shaft, retaining nut loose. Tighten nut, check for damage.• Bearing turning in housing, housing worn. Replace housing and bearing.• Bearing replaced incorrectly, particularly in Follow installation instructions carefully; check bearing,

tandem assembly (e.g., angled, cramped shaft and housing dimensions.or reversed).

• Bearing(s) overloaded—too much thrust Replace bearing(s); reduce thrust by lowering air or gasdue to high density air or gas. density; install smaller impellers or install machine

designed for application conditions.

IX. Troubleshooting Guide

INSUFFICIENTAIR OR GASTHROUGHSYSTEM

EXCESSIVEMACHINENOISE

17

IX. Troubleshooting Guide (cont.)


Indication: machine malfunction – internal noise

• Impellers and/or deflectors worn due to age Correct abrasive conditions if present; replace impellersor abrasion from dirty air or gas.and/or deflectors.

• Impeller(s) hitting after customer reassembly Reassemble according to instructions, tighten impellers.and/or impeller(s) slipping shaft due to heat Bleed air at low flow to reduce heat. Change inletor excessive inlet pressure. conditions if necessary.

• Machine in surge (see page 8). Increase airflow.• Keyed hubs rattling on startup. Normal condition (loose when cold, tight at operating

temperature).• Machine running rough, out of balance. Rebalance and/or clean machine (see next topic

Machine Vibrating).• Deflector packings rubbing on shaft or Ignore if audible only when machine is turned by hand. If

impeller hub (will seat themselves if new). otherwise audible, replace packings.• Motor not aligned in housing (SOH) Reassemble and carefully align shaft and motor.

causing impeller to hit.• Coupling misaligned and/or out of grease Check alignment; check coupling for wear and replace if

(4BOH & 4BOB). necessary; relubricate according to instructions.• Foreign material in machine. Disassemble machine, inspect and clean. Reassemble

and consider installing filter to prevent clogging.Indication: motor malfunction• Abnormal hum or whine. Check motor manufacturerʼs instructions; check voltage

supply and connections.• Low voltage, motor not up to speed. Correct improper voltage.• High voltage (causes noise and burnout). Correct improper voltage.• Bearing noise. See previous instructions for blower bearings.• Loose part in motor. Tighten, repair or replace (check motor manufacturer).• Low frequency. Correct improper frequency.Indication: mechanical fault

• Material buildup on impellers. Clean impellers, install inlet filter to prevent further buildup.• Shaft bent. Consult Spencer Service Department.• Bearing failure. Replace bearing(s).• Unbalanced replacement motor installed. Balance motor.• Impeller failure. Replace impeller(s).• Motor not aligned in housing (SOH & 4BOH), Align motor, realign shaft.

impeller rubbing.• Coupling misaligned (4BOH & 4BOB). Align coupling.• Inlet and/or discharge piping connected Install flexible connectors at inlet and discharge.

to machine without flexible connector,causing torque or stress on housing.

• Machine bolted down, causing Remove bolts, use dowel pins or set in guide channels.misalignment.

• Bearing(s) cramped due to improper fit. Check bearings, shaft and housing, correct bearing fit.• Piping not adequately supported. Anchor piping properly beyond flexible connector.• Incorrect motor voltage, causing assembly Check voltage and wiring connections, correct voltage.

to operate at improper speed.

EXCESSIVEMACHINENOISE

MACHINEVIBRATING

18

IX. Troubleshooting Guide (cont.)


Indication: mechanical fault (cont.)

• Carbon Ring Housing Assembly too loose, Realign or replace carbon rings.misaligned, carbon ring cracked/broken.

• Mechanical seals misaligned, broken or Realign or replace seals or parts.worn out.

• Solids or liquids passing through machine. Disassemble, inspect and clean machine; install inletfilter to prevent further contamination.

• Soft foot on motor or blower. See page 5.• Machine in surge (see page 8). Increase airflow.• Stacked impeller hub nuts too tight. Loosen hub nuts 1/2 turn.• Belts on belt drive machine loose, slapping. Tighten belts to proper tension.• Harmonic pulsation from gasoline Change engine speed to remove pulsation.

engine driver.• Machine not on solid foundation. Reinforce foundation.

MOTOR HOT (Check with surface thermometer; consult Spencer Service Department for assistance)• Ambient temperature too high for insu- Cool motor or replace with motor having proper insulation.

lation class.• Incorrect voltage. Change to correct voltage.• Incorrect cycle. Change to correct cycle.• Electrical short-circuit insulation failure. Repair or replace motor.• Motor overloaded, too much air Check for system leaks, throttle back butterfly valve,

passing through blower. install larger motor.• Unbalanced voltage supply (gas boosters Check power company for correction.

only).

MACHINEVIBRATING

19

Customer Maintenance LogDATE PROCEDURE COMMENTS INITIALS

Blowers & Vacuum Systems with an Engineering EdgeThe Turbine Company, 600 Day Hill Road, Windsor, CT 06095 USA

TEL 800.232.4321 � 860.688.8361 � FAX 860.688.0098 � www.spencerturbine.com

Products & Services®

Form AA16 Copyright ©2014 The Spencer Turbine Company 111714KBA1.5Printed in the U.S.A.

Spencer Corporate Headquarters and Manufacturing Plant, Windsor, CT USA

Industrially rated products offeringeffective solutions for air and gashandling problems• Multistage centrifugal blowers• Single-stage centrifugal blowers• High-speed turbo blowers• Hermetic gas boosters• Regenerative blowers• Modular central vacuum systems• Mobile or stationary integrated vacuum

systems• Separators and dust collectors• Custom-engineered products with special

materials for extreme temperatures andpressures

Complementary accessories withsingle source convenience andcompatibility• Standard and custom electrical control

panels – UL, CUL Listed and CEcompliance available

• Dissolved oxygen control systems• Comprehensive selection of tubing, fittings,

vacuum hoses, valves and tools• Valves, gauges, couplings, shrink sleeves,

vibration isolators and other systemcomponents

Comprehensive engineering andother customer support services• The industryʼs largest complement of

technical specialists in air and gashandling technology

• Worldwide parts and service organization• Application research and testing facility

Global organization of salesrepresentatives and distributorsoffering• Product selection, installation and operation

assistance• Comprehensive system design services• Follow-up services and troubleshooting

For the name and telephone number of your local Spencer Representative,call 800-232-4321 or email [email protected].




spencer multistage serial no: model no: blowers – soh ... · fabricated centrifugal blowers –...

Documents