spectrum for iot m2m -...
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HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES
Spectrum for IoT/M2M
BEREC workshop on “Enabling the Internet of Things”
Brussels
Reza Karimi Corporate Strategy, Huawei
1 February 2017
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 2/22
Spectrum for M2M/IoT
NB-IoT and MBB spectrum
Intelligent transport systems (ITS)
Summary
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 3/22
Questions on radio spectrum and M2M…
Some key questions:
Should M2M spectrum be licensed or licence-exempt ?
What is the relevance of WRC allocations?
Use of mobile broadband (MBB) spectrum for M2M?
What is the preferred CEPT/EC designation?
Who should own the spectrum usage rights for M2M?
What is the role of public and private wireless networks in M2M?
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 4/22
Licensed or licence-exempt?
Smart Home
Smart City
Licensed (predictable QoS)
Licence exempt (best effort)
Smart Grid
ITS Telematics
Smart Factory
Smart Metering
Smart City
Remote Telemetry
Asset Inventory
Rail
Long-r
ange
Short
rang
e
Toll Collection
Asset Tracking
ITS Safety related
Both authorisation
models are required.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 5/22
Classification and terminology in Europe
Mobile
IMT
ECS ECS
Other
Licensed Licensed Licence Exempt
Licensed
“Other”
ITU-R
service
“allocation” &
“identification”
European
Commission
“designation”
CEPT
administration
“authorisation”
Spectrum
1 2 3
ECS = Electronic communication service.
Where reliability / predictability are important
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 6/22
ITU-R Radio Regulations Mobile Service is a natural match for M2M
Mobile
IMT
Other
ITU-R
service
“allocation”
“identification”
Spectrum
ITU-R Radio Regulations are about cross-border interference. Primary allocations have priority over secondary allocations. What happens inside a region/country is up to the regional/national regulators.
Primary allocation to the Mobile Service is
a natural match for M2M, and affords legal
protection in the context of cross-border
interference.
IMT identification does not afford any legal
rights. It is merely a mechanism to mitigate
uncertainty, and encourage investment in
mass market equipment. Accordingly, it is
important but is not strictly essential.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 7/22
ECS or M2M designation?
ECS ECS
Licensed Licensed Licence Exempt
Licensed
“Other” European
Commission
“designation”
CEPT
administration
“authorisation” 1 2 3
Flexible,
and least restrictive
Might be helpful in promoting
IoT and labelling a band for
a specific use, e.g., ITS.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 8/22
Licence-exempt spectrum
Unlicensed spectrum: licence exemption
regulations
Regulator
… $
IMT equipment
Equipment
vendors
Vertical company
1
Vertical company
K
No financial transaction between regulator and users for access to spectrum.
M2M today: RFID; Electronic toll collection; Smart Home;
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 9/22
Outsourced installation
operation and maintenance
Licensed spectrum Private network model
$
IMT equipment
Equipment
vendors
$
Network
managers $ $
Regulator
Vertical company
1
Vertical company
K
$ $
Band manager N
Spectrum licences
Band manager 1
M2M today: Utilities;
GSM-R;
Existing model – The band manager aggregates the demand for spectrum from various Verticals with their own radio infrastructure.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 10/22
Spectrum licences
Licensed spectrum Public mobile network model
$
IMT equipment MNO–MVNO
#1
Equipment
vendors
$
IMT equipment
Radio service
Radio service
Regulator
MNO–MVNO
#N
Vertical company
#1
Vertical company
#K
$ $
$ $
Some Verticals are cautious of this model: concerned with lack of control, reliability, security and lock-in. But Verticals can benefit from MNOs’ huge investments in radio infrastructure and economies of scale in devices.
M2M today: Smart metering;
PPDR1; 1 Public mobile networks considered for PPDR in some countries.
PPDR is not strictly M2M, but is an example of MNOs serving a Vertical.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 11/22
Comparison
We acknowledge that some Verticals may be initially cautious about the use
of public mobile communication networks, and may prefer private networks.
But the infrastructure CAPEX and expertise needed to operate
advanced wireless networks must not be under-estimated.
We believe public mobile networks are well placed to provide the appropriate
levels of service for M2M communications to a range of Verticals, and can exploit
huge investments in radio infrastructure and economies of scale in equipment.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 12/22
Spectrum for M2M/IoT
NB-IoT and MBB spectrum
Intelligent transport systems (ITS)
Summary
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 13/22
NB-IoT: Efficient use of MBB spectrum
NB-IoT is an innovative technology and allows
efficient use of spectrum:
1) Stand-alone operation
2) Guard band operation
3) In-band operation
f
LTE LTE
Internal guard-band
Internal guard-band
Switched off sub-carriers
1
2 2 3
LTE channel (e.g. 10 MHz)
180 kHz
Switched off GSM
carrier
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 14/22
NB-IoT and European regulations
There is broad consensus that NB-IoT can be deployed
in Mobile bands with little/no increase in the likelihood
of harmful interference as compared to GSM or LTE.
Japan and China have also recently concluded that there are no issues of
interference from NB-IoT, and that there is no need for coexistence studies.
CEPT broadly agrees1, but requires amendments to the ECC/EC regulations.
This process can be lengthy, with substantial negative implications
for the planned deployments of NB-IoT during 2017.
Where there is consensus that the risk of harmful interference is low, we
request that the EC adopts a pragmatic approach to allow NB-IoT deployments
in the Member States, in the interim, while the text of ECC/EC Decisions
are being amended at CEPT and the EC.
1 An exception is the case of interference from guard band NB-IoT to services adjacent to the mobile bands.
The position of certain CEPT administrations is that while the risk of harmful interference here is again
likely to be small, there will need to be formal studies to confirm this.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 15/22
Spectrum for M2M/IoT
NB-IoT and MBB spectrum
Intelligent transport systems (ITS)
Summary
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Huawei Confidential 16/28
3GPP LTE-V2X Safety-related ITS and connected cars
Road side
infrastructure (UE)
Vehicle (UE)
Network (eNodeB)
LTE (Uu)
LTE (Uu)
LTE-V2X (PC5)
Estimated bandwidth required for V2V is ~ 20 MHz [CEPT].
Vehicle-to-network (V2N) LTE-V2N
Licensed MBB spectrum
Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) Vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)
LTE-V2V/P/I ITS spectrum
(licence-exempt 5.9 GHz)
Vehicle (UE)
Vehicle (UE)
Pedestrian (UE)
LTE-V2X (PC5)
LTE-V2X (PC5)
LTE-V2X (PC5)
LTE-V2X (PC5)
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Huawei Confidential 17/28
20 MHz Extension
20 MHz
Harmonised spectrum for ITS
“5.9 GHz band” 30 MHz
5875 5905 5855 5925
LTE-V2X & 802.11p
must share spectrum
(via dynamic frequency selection).
Designated for SRDs
and non-safety ITS
(licence exempt)
Designated for safety ITS (1).
To be designated for CBTC (2)?
(licence exempt)
To be designated for
CBTC (1), ITS (2)?
CBTC: Communications based train control. SRD: Short range devices.
RSPG draft Opinion (Nov-2016):
“Given the potential future use of the spectrum for ITS, the RSPG recommends that the impact on
current and potential future ITS in 5855-5875, 5875-5905 and 5905-5925 MHz should be taken
account of when considering changes to spectrum use in these and adjacent bands.”
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES Huawei Confidential 18/28
Considerations for ITS
5.9 GHz is available on a technology neutral and license exempt basis.
We strongly support the European principle of technology neutral regulations.
The market (rather than regulations) is best placed to make technology decisions.
However, licence exemption may not be optimal for safety-related ITS.
This is because technologies such as LTE-V2X and IEEE 802.11p would need
to coexist via mechanisms such as “mutual detect-and-avoid”, and this can
degrade performance/reliability.
We are committed to the specification and implementation of such mitigation
mechanisms for 5.9 GHz.
However, we encourage the EC to consider alternatives to pure licence exemption
for V2V/I/P in ITS spectrum. These would allow owners of spectrum usage rights
to control the access to spectrum, and better manage harmful interference
for safety-related ITS.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 19/22
Spectrum for M2M/IoT
NB-IoT and MBB spectrum
Intelligent transport systems (ITS)
Summary
Contents
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 20/22
Summary
We acknowledge that both licensed and licence-exempt
spectrum is needed for M2M.
Licensed spectrum is essential for M2M where
reliability and predictability are required.
Bands with primary ITU-R allocation to the Mobile Service are
a good match for M2M. IMT identification is beneficial for
harmonisation and encouraging investment, but is not essential.
ECS designations are suitable for M2M because they are flexible
and least restrictive (as compared to a specific M2M designation).
Mobile network operators are well placed to provide M2M services
to the Verticals, exploiting huge investments in radio infrastructure
and economies of scale in equipment.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 21/22
Summary
NB-IoT is a powerful new narrowband radio technology for the provision
of low-cost massive M2M by re-using MBB spectrum without increased
risk of harmful interference.
We request that the EC and national administrations adopt a pragmatic
approach and allow the planned deployments of NB-IoT in the EU during
2017, while the text of the ECC/EC Decisions are being amended at
CEPT/EC.
LTE-V2X is an efficient new technology for V2V/P/I at 5.9 GHz. This
band is harmonised for safety related ITS in the EU, and is licence exempt.
We are committed to enabling coexistence of multiple technologies at
5.9 GHz. However, licence exemption is not ideal for safety related ITS,
and we encourage the EC and national administrations to consider
alternative authorisation models to mitigate the risk of harmful interference.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 22/22
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