SPECIALTY CARBON BASED SOLUTIONSFOR THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY

GraphiteTIMREX

GraphiteTIMREX C-THERM™

Carbon BlackENSACO

2

Stratmin Graphite Inc. starts operations in Canada partially ownedby French IMETAL Group

First SyntheticGraphite production

IMETAL changes name to IMERYS; TIMCAL and Stratmin are combinedinto TIMCAL Group

LONZA G+T is acquired by IMETAL and becomes TIMCAL Ltd.

Stratmin becomesTIMCAL Canada; new Terrebonne plant opens in Canada

TIMCAL changes nameand becomes Imerys Graphite & Carbon

2016 Joint Venture Agreement with Gecko Namibia to develop a graphite mine in Namibia

Acquisition of Officine del Gottardo by LONZA Ltd.

TIMCAL acquires the Carbon Black activities in Willebroek (Belgium)

Imerys Graphite & Carbonopens a Research &Development Centerin Japan

Acquisition of StratminGraphite by IMETAL

Officine delGottardo is foundedin Switzerland

TIMCAL proudly celebrates 100 years of production in its Swiss plant and begins another century of innovation and excellence

TIMCAL completes the acquisition of 85% of the shares of the natural processor Baotou Jing Yuan Graphite Co. Ltd. inInner Mongolia (China)

Sale of the «Lubricantsfor Hot Metal Forming»business

1908 1917 1924 1989 1994 1996 1999 2002 2003 2007 2008 2014 2015 2016

Imerys Graphite & Carbon

Imerys Graphite & Carbon, member of the Imerys Group, is the reference for innovative capability in the field of carbon-powder-based solutions: natural graphite and synthetic graphite powders, conductive carbon blacks, as well as silicon-carbon composites and water dispersions.High standards in terms employee health and safety, social behaviour and environmental responsibility are core values of the company, which is capturing opportunities by developing new products and applications, investing in assets & people, and growing its commercial presence worldwide.

Profitable company, part of Imerys, the world leader in mineral-based specialty solutions for industry, listed on the Paris stock exchange

FINANCIAL STRENGHT RELIABLE PARTNER RESPONSIBLE GROWTH

Since1908

5Industrial Sites

40Countries

2R&D

Centers

500EmployeesWorldwide

INNOVATION STRATEGY Focused on the market and the Customer’s needs

COMMITMENT TO Green Technology and Sustainable Development

SECURITY OF SUPPLY 6 Industrial sites

REDUCTION OF CO2 Footprint

OUR DRIVING FORCE Customer Service

ENGAGEMENT WITH Local CommunitiesIMERYS GROUP 2017

WORKFORCE 18,300REVENUE 4.6 BnOPERATING MARGIN 14.1 %

A STRONG COMPANY

3

The use of polymers to achieve thermal conductivity offers substantial advantages compared to standard metal-based technologies in terms of:

Since polymers are inherently thermally insulating (<0.5 W/mK), conductive fillers have to be added in order to provide the required thermal conductivity. Carbon-based fillers are a strong alternative for enhancing conductivity in polymer applications that do not require electrical insulation. Graphite-based fillers are known to be the most effective conductive additives for polymers, combining the best features in terms of performance and price.

Carbon Solutions for Thermally Conductive Compounds

METAL REPLACEMENT

Thermally conductive graphite compounds can be found in automotive headlamps. LED lamps need to dissipate thermal energy in order to reduce the operating temperature which reduces the longevity of the lamp. In addition to the LED heat sink, many other components of the lighting unit and housing structure are made of plastics, and by increasing their thermal conductivity the operating temperature can be further reduced.

Conductive carbon black is a viable option when a moderate increase in thermal conductivity and minimal impact on mechanical properties are required.

AUTOMOTIVEHEADLAMPS

A world of specific applications requiring thermal conductivity can be found in the automotive sector, as well as in other sectors such as household appliances. Metal replacement is an increasing trend, and graphite is the most efficient and affordable additive, allowing for the management of thermal conductivity to the required specifications.

BEYOND LEDHEADLAMPS

LIGHTNING UNITBMC, PC-HT, PEI, PES, PSU

HOUSINGGF Reinforced PP, PBT, PSU or PES

• Weight reduction• Corrosion resistance

• Design flexibility• Manufacturing cost reduction

W/m

K

0

20

0.22 1.6 4.5

15 15

96

60

PA6

100

40

120

80

PA6+50%alumina

PA6+50%boron nitride

PA6+50%graphite

Stainlesssteel

Castaluminium

In-plane thermal conductivity of polyamide plastic compounds in comparison to steel and aluminium.

Thermal conductivity of a generic graphite loaded compound.

Graphite content (% w/w)

W/m

K

00 1 20 30 40 50

10

2

14

12

8

4

6

In plane

Through plane

4

Different applications have different thermal conductivity requirements. In many cases, the high thermal conductivity of metal is unnecessary. To cool down a heating element, most of the heat transfer is usually convection limited (air cooling).REDUCED

THERMALCONDUCTIVITY

The different requirements of each application must be taken into consideration when selecting the additives that are used in the compound.

Graphite is a flaky material characterised by anisotropic thermal conductivity. Depending on the application requirements, a specific graphite grade can be chosen, increasing the thermal conductivity in the desired direction. Imerys Graphite & Carbon has the expertise to advise you on the best grade according to both your thermal conductivity and mechanical property requirements.

SPECIFICAPPLICATIONS

Heat sinks require high in plane conductivity while pipe applications require high through plane conductivity

Thermal conductivity of propylene compounds loaded with two different grades of graphite. Differnt graphites give different anisotropy.

AIR CONVECTION

HEAT SINK

HEAT SOURCE

W/m

K

0

10

2

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

14

16

12

8

18

20

4

6

80x150

KS44

PPh

Graphite content (% w/w)

in-plane conductivity

through-plane conductivity

5

Imerys Graphite & Carbon’s Timrex C-THERM™ graphites are special solutions with an extremely high aspect ratio.

The main advantages of this product range are:•Weight saving due to the lower loading needed to meet compound thermal conductivity requirements;•As low loading is required they can be used with fibre reinforced materials to enhance the mechanical properties.

Timrex C-THERM™ can be used with lower loading to reach similar thermal conductivity (injection moulding), both for through plane and in plane applications compared to standard graphites.

®

®

W/m

K

Graphite content ( % w/w)

00 40 502010 30 60 70 80

10

2

14

12

8

4

16

18

20

6

In Plane thermal conductivuty of TIMREX C_THERM 011 and natural graphite 80x150 in polypropylene.High thermal conductivity at low loading can be achieved wit TIMREX C-THERM additives.

TIMREX C-THERM® ™ GRAPHITE

Portfolio of Carbon Based Solutions for Thermal Conductivity

C-THERM001 (9%) PP44 (21%)

MPa

0

100

20

120

80

40

60

Tensile strength

C-THERM001 (9%) PP44 (21%)

MPa

0

5000

10000

7000

8000

6000

4000

9000

10000

2000

3000

Tensile Modulus

C-THERM001 (9%) PP44 (21%)

kJ/m

2

0..0

25

5

35

30

20

10

15

Impact strength(Charpy unnotched)

C-THERM001 (9%) PP44 (21%)

%

0.0

2.5

0.5

2.0

1.0

1.5

Elongation at break

Mechanical properties of glass fiber reinforced aliphatic polyketones compounds containing graphite.

Electron microscope image of Timrex® C-ThermTM

80 x 150

C-THERM 011

®

®

™

™

PPh

6

NATURALOR SYNTHETICGRAPHITE?

ENSACO® CARBON BLACK

-

Graphite is a fascinating material found in nature and produced synthetically. Imerys Graphite & Carbon is able to provide both materials depending on the customer’s needs. Our synthetic graphite is very pure without any microcrystalline silica content, a contaminant that can pose health risks. Pure graphite is important for drinking water applications or applications that are exposed to severe environmen-tal conditions such as high temperatures, chemical or fuel contact etc. In these applications, contamination (transition metal ions) can catalyse polymer degrada-tion, or migrate to the surface, thus contaminating other materials.

Conductive carbon black can be an alternative to graphite where low thermal conductivity is required (less then 1W/mK) and where it is important to maintain mechanical properties. The high structure of ENSACO conductive carbon black enhances both thermal conductivity and dispersion in the polymer melt. The crystal-line microstructure also contributes to enhanced thermal conductivity. This is essential in certain applications, such as pressure pipes for example. Poorly disper-sed carbon black can create weak points that can cause the pipe to burst at high pressure. Compounds loaded with conductive carbon black maintain their mechani-cal properties better than those compounds loaded with graphite to achieve the same level of thermal conductivity.

Mechanical properties at similar thermal conductivities for E250 G and KS44 loaded HDPE compounds

HDPE

Ther

mal

con

duct

ivity

((W

/mK)

0

0.5

0.1

0.7

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.9

0.1

0.2

0.3

E250G at 22%KS44 at 20% E250G at 22%

Enlo

ngat

ion

at b

reak

(%)

0

25

5

35

40

30

20

45

50

10

15

KS44 at 20% E250G at 22%

Impa

ct s

treng

th (k

J / m

²)

0.0

2.5

0.5

2.0

1.0

1.5

SEM Natural Graphite SEM Synthetic Graphite

TEM of Carbon Black

®

E250G at 28%

40 nm

®

7

ok08.02.18

PORTFOLIO OFCARBON BASEDSOLUTIONS FORTHERMALCONDUCTIVITY

Imerys Graphite & Carbon can satisfy the thermal conductivity requirements of a large variety of applications by providing a wide range of carbon solutions for thermal management, technical support for in plane and through plane thermal management of polymer components, and advice with respect to carbon additive loading and processing techniques.

Through plane (light) and in plane (dark) thermal conductivity of injection moulded high density polyethylene samples, loaded with different graphite grades (left). Thermal conductivity measured by laser flash.

Through plane and in plane thermal conducti-vity of compression moulded (light) and injection moulded (dark) polypropylene samples loaded with 60% w/w of 80 x 150 graphite. Measurements by laser flash.

40% SFG44 40% PF44 20% C-THERM00140% KS44

Ther

mal

con

duct

ivity

(W/m

K)

0

2.5

0.5

3.5

4.0

3.0

2.0

4.5

1.0

1.5

in planeThrough plane

Compression molding

Ther

mal

con

duct

ivity

(W/m

K)

0

8

2

12

10

6

4

5

GRADE FORM PARTICLESIZE(APPROX)

SCOTTDENSITYASTM B329-98(g/cm³)

POURDENSITYASTM D1513(Kg/cm³)

ASH(%max)

KS44 Graphite Powder d90<44µm

SFG44 Graphite Powder d90<44µm

PP44 Graphite Powder d90<44µm

M100 Graphite Powder <150µm

50X80 Graphite Powder 100-180µm

80X150 Graphite Powder 180-300µm

20X50 Graphite Powder 300-850µm

C-THERM 001 Graphite nanoplatelet

-

-

C-THERM 011 Graphite nanoplatelet

-Carbon black soft granulesENSACO 250G®

®

®

0.1

0.1

4-6

4-6

4-6

4-6

4-6

0.3

2.5

0.01

BET(cm²/g)

9.0

5.0

4.8

<1

<1

<1

<1

25

25

65

0.19

0.19

0.11

0.48

0.62

0.59

0.57

0.19*

0.19*

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

180

For further information, product selection and sampling, please contact us or visit our website: www.imerys-graphite-and–carbon.com

Injection molding

*Tap Density DIN ISO 787-11

EUROPE, AFRICA, MIDDLE EAST, INDIA

Imerys Graphite & Carbon Switzerland Ltd. “Il Centro” Via Cantonale 65, CH-6804 Bironico, SwitzerlandTel: +41 91 873 20 10, Fax: +41 91 873 20 19graphiteandcarbon.ch@imerys.com

AMERICAS

Imerys Graphite & Carbon Canada Inc. 990 Rue Fernand-Poitras, Terrebonne, QC, J6Y 1V1, Canada Tel: +1 450 622 91 91, Fax: +1 450 622 86 92graphiteandcarbon.ca@imerys.com

CHINA

Imerys Graphite & Carbon 1438 Hong Qiao Road, Chang Ning District 6F,Gubei International Fortune Centre II, CN-201103 Shanghai, ChinaTel: + 86 21 2223 0136, Fax: + 86 21 2223 0199graphiteandcarbon.cn@imerys.com

SOUTH KOREA

Imerys Graphite & Carbon South Korea 7F, Gyodae Venture Tower, 64, Saimdang-ro, Seocho-gu, KR-06640 Seoul, Korea Tel: +82 234 88 30 30, Fax: +82 234 88 30 79graphiteandcarbon.kr@imerys.com

JAPAN & SOUTH EAST ASIA

Imerys Graphite & Carbon Japan K.K. 13F Setagaya Business Square tower 4-10-1 Yoga, Setagaya-ku, JP-158-0097 Tokyo, JapanTel: +81 3 4570 5410graphiteandcarbon.jp@imerys.com

Imerys Graphite & Carbon is a trademark of the Imerys Group

imerys-graphite-and-carbon.com

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