special edition - dairygold agri

1

ISSUE 06 - SEPT 2019

2019 SEPTEMBER - 06 ISSUE www.dairygoldagri.ie

SPECIAL EDITION

PAGE

PAGE

PAGE

Harvest Review

Liming

Crop Rotation

........................

............

03

10

20

ContactTrust in Tillage Series Editor [email protected] 086 2441370 www.dairygold.ie

Message from

THE EDITOR2019

HARVEST REVIEW

Liam LeahyI.A.S.I.S. Business Manager Tillage and Beef_____________________________

Frances NashDairygold Agribusiness_____________________________

Dear Member,

As the harvesters creep silently to a halt, most crops are now in the barn except for some beans that will be finished off over the coming days. We will reflect on this harvest as one of excellent yields, reasonable quality with prices slipping back to the 2017/18 levels again. While the weather has made it a start / stop harvest for many growers, we did manage to save all crops in good condition with little losses and completed it in reasonable time before days became too short.

Now without delay, growers have started into planting next Seasons crops with oilseed rape starting to break ground for its loyal band of followers while other growers take stock and start to make plans for the forthcoming season and cropping programs. In this edition we will cover in some detail the issues surrounding these decisions and some factors that need to be considered before making final decisions on where and what you plant. Our Area Sales Managers will cover cultural grass weed control, up-to-date information on autumn aphid management with contributions from our inside sales team on crop rotation and our soil sampling services. Also our grain dept will give an overview of the recent harvest intake and activities at each of our locations.

I hope that you find this publication both informative and helpful and I would welcome any comment, good or bad, to improve on it for future editions to help you, our growers. On behalf of Dairygold, I would like to thank you for your continued support and to assure you of our commitment to the tillage industry going forward.

Yours sincerely Liam Leahy

Harvest 2019 was a successful year, in spite of broken weather conditions. Many suppliers reported strong yields and the quality of the crops received to our intakes was very good overall.

INTAKESDairygold offers intake points across counties Cork & Tipperary, all of which managed very well in what was a challenging harvest at times.

The 23rd through to the 26th of August were our busiest 4 days of the season, taking in over 20% of this years’ crop.

Dairygold operates across four different regions; East Cork, North Cork, Cork South West and Tipperary.

TABLE OF

CONTENTS

02 Editorial

03 2019 Harvest review

05 Whats new in the maize field

06 A view from the field

10 Liming

08 Agronomy

12 Grass Weed Control

12 Ag-Chem update - dates to remember

14 Aphid control in winter cereal

16 Crop nutrient take off due to high yields

17 Winter barley and wheat recommended list 2020

18 Oats, rye and triticale recommended list 2020

20 Crop rotation

CORKSOUTH WEST

NORTHCORK

EASTCORK

TIPPERARY

4 DAYS

OF THE 2019 DAIRYGOLD TOTAL HARVEST

20%

2 3


www.dairygoldagri.ie

2019

HARVEST REVIEW

QUALITYThe overall quality of grain this year was quite good. In spite of heavy rainfall at times, moisture levels were reasonable, and all crops seemed to have held well for the majority of our suppliers.

Following the drought of last year’s harvest, our tillage community deserved favourable harvest conditions. It certainly was not the “bumper” harvest that was predicted earlier in the year, but nevertheless, a solid season. As the below table shows, moisture and screenings were more or less on a par with previous years. The KPH, however, is below historical figures, this has been a disappointment to many barley and wheat growers this year.

% Moisture Overall % Overall % Overall % Overall %

by Region Winter Barley

Spring Barley

Wheat Oats

East Cork 19 20.2 19.6 17.0

Tipperary 17.8 18.6 18.8 16.5

North Cork 18.7 20.3 20.5 18.1

Cork South West 18.9 19.4 19.5 18.3

Overall Average 18.6 19.7 19.6 18.0

MALTING BARLEYThe malting barley harvest went very well this year. The yields reported were strong and the quality received was very good overall. Dairygold prides itself in supplying the finest quality malting barley to our customer, MCI. Dairygold is a 50% shareholder in the Malting Company of Ireland (MCI), our sole trader for malting barley. The MCI specification for malting barley is supplied to growers on their contract each year and we are delighted to say the vast majority of suppliers met the standard comfortably. Nevertheless, like other years, there were some failures. The bulk of the failures occurred after the 25th

of August, as we ran later into the season. Disease, specifically fusarium, was the main culprit, along with split grains. The usual issues such as low KPH, high moisture etc. presented from time to time, however not as frequently as previous years. As another harvest draws to close, we wish to thank our growers for their contribution once again this year. The results of our malting barley competition will be announced in the coming weeks and will provide a more in-depth analysis to our growers.

What’s New

IN THE MAIZE FIELDFrank [email protected]____________________________

With the expansion of dairying in recent years maize has grown to become a very significant forage crop for many farmers and has now become a sizable portion of their winter feed especially where they are very highly stocked on their grazing platform.

This has fitted in very well in many cases as they can grow this crop in outside farms or rented land and with its high production levels, generate significant amounts of quality feed from a relatively small area of lane.

While its expensive its still reasonable value compared to purchasing silage, which is often of variable quality with much lower production levels per cut plus you have the weather issues to get right when saving the crop.

However, maize growers may have issue with this crop in the future and will carry a level of risk when growing it as the “Measurol” seed dressing will not be applied to the maize seed for the coming season and will make it more vulnerable to bird attacks during the establishment period.

As its planted shallow into the soil in both covered and uncovered crops, it will make rich picking for crows and pigeons if they

discover it which may well lead to complete crop failure. While this is a risk rather than a certainty, growers need to be aware of it and plan around the risk, especially where one is growing the crop on contract for a customer and failure may lead to significant consequences with reduced forages for their winter feed.

There are alternative crops that can and will fill this gap very satisfactory but need to be planned for now. Winter cereal crops are the obvious crops with Rye being the standout choice with its high output, comparable to maize, and its tolerance to take-all which will allow it to be grown on the same ground continuously if that is what the grower wishes.

I would advise all growers to take stock of their given circumstances and exposure to this crop and plan accordingly. Your local Dairygold area sales manager will be able to advise you fully on all aspects of both the risk and advantages of both crops.

Average Moisture Average Screenings Average Hectolitre

Grain Type 2019 2018 2017 2016 2019 2018 2017 2016 2019 2018 2017 2016

Winter Feed Barley 18.6 16 17 18.3 3 3.2 2.6 2.4 63 66 66 65

Spring Feeb Barley 19.7 18.3 20.2 20 2.6 2.6 1.2 1.7 63 66 65 62

Dried Feed Barley 14.8 14.2 14.6 14.7 2.2 5.5 1.9 1.8 64 67 66 66

Malting Barley 19.4 18.4 19.5 18.1 2.6 2.4 1.6 1.3 65 67 66 67

Feed Wheat 19.6 17.8 19.8 19.7 2.6 3.6 2.7 2.1 73 75 74 74

Dried Feed Wheat 14 15.3 13.7 14.2 3.4 5.9 3.7 2.9 76 76 78 79

Oats 18 16.7 18.1 18.2 51 52 54 53

Dried Feed Oats 13 13.8 13.2 12.4 55 54 55 51

4 5



A VIEW FROMTHE FIELD

A VIEW FROMTHE FIELD

Most green cover crops are planted and those that got in early are powering on and creating significant biomass. In all cases, early or late, it is important that they are not allowed go to seed as they then become a weed in the following crop. However, as most crops will not flower for several weeks yet this is not an immediate concern.

Oilseed rape is coming through nicely at this stage and showing no effects of the dreaded flea beetle and will quickly grow beyond the danger period in this fine weather. Weed control is completed in some

crops while others elected to wait for the post emergence application of propyzamide type products to manage grass weeds.

There is a big effort at farm level this year to delay planting of winter barley until early / mid-October to help minimize the threat of BYVD. While this is undoubtedly best practice it’s not easily achievable, especially with large areas to plant. However, every effort should be used to try and delay if possible. There is certainly an argument developing to increase winter wheat production with bigger growers as it will

With most crops harvested at this stage except for some late beans, attention has now turned to the new planting season which is just around the corner.

Liam LeahyI.A.S.I.S. Business Manager Tillage and Beef_____________________________

afford them extra planting time as can establish easily in more difficult ground conditions. Also, with the introduction of new chemistry it should make wheat a safer option going forward.

It is now becoming increasingly important to study seed varieties carefully before making your final decision as our reducing chemical arsenal make the control of certain diseases more troublesome. This is particularly the case in relation to the “Rust” family of diseases as the removal of fenpropimorph (Corbel) will greatly reduce our ability to control active disease. This will also be

the case for Mildew to a lesser degree. Some winter wheat and oat varieties were particularly badly effected last year, and this should be noted at this stage.

Maize harvesting is well underway as growers have taken advantage of the fine weather with crops appearing to have matured nicely this year even a little earlier than normal. The crops have harvested well with strong supplies of quality forages.

Potato harvesting has begun in excellent conditions. Growers would probably prefer some more moisture in the ground to minimize tuber damage but making good headway in any case.

Fodder beet looks like a bumper crop and will grow well into late autumn in this fine weather and provide ample feeding for the livestock farmers in the winter. Hopefully, it will all find a market as it can be a very fine balance in years of abundance forage crops.

6 7



8 9



HOW WELL DO YOU KNOW YOUR SOIL?

DOES YOUR FARM NEED LIME?Winter cereals can be very sensitive to soil pH. For cereal crops grown in rotation it is important to maintain a soil pH 6.5. Lime plays a key role in availability of other nutrients and elements. There are consequences for excess over liming and under liming. Applying excess lime can lead to nutrient lock-up and crop deficiencies, under liming can affect the crop to the same degree.

BENEFITS OF LIMING

HAVE YOU TAKEN SOIL SAMPLES RECENTLY?Less than 10% of tillage farms complete regular soil sampling. Without a soil sample, it is impossible to know the correct fertiliser to use and therefore can lead to extra unnecessary expense.

Soil samples should be completed at least every 3-5 years to ensure you are maximising your farm’s potential.

Before deciding what crops to grow for the season ahead, you should firstly consider the health of your soils and their suitability to produce a satisfactory crop.

Mary DeaneInside Sales & Marketing Team Leader B.Ag.Sc

[email protected]

_____________________________

contact

For best advice or to help interpret your results, contact your Dairygold Area Sales Manager

or our Inside Sales Team at

022-31644

Increases MicrobiologicalActivity

Maximises other fertiliser available in the soil – NPK

Nutrient Recycling

READING YOUR SOIL RESULTSA standard soil test will cover P,K and lime requirements. Results can vary from field to field and previous cropping history. P and K results will appear in Index 1-4:

Index 1 (very low)The soil is deficient and will respond to correct application of P and K.

Index 2 (low)Extra P and K is required, over and above the quantity the crop is likely to remove.

Index 3 (medium)This is the optimum index. Only a maintenance dressing of P and K is required.

Index 4 (sufficient)No additional P and K is required to grow a satisfactory crop.

It is important to consider both crop take off and soil test recommendations before deciding fertilisers for the year ahead. The Table below shows P and K off takes in cereal crops (kg/ha) per tonne of grain yield.

Crop type Strawre-moved

Straw incorporated

P K P K

Winter Wheat /Barley

3.8 9.8 3.4 4.7

Spring Wheat/Barley

3.8 3.4 4.7

Oats 3.8 3.4 4.7

Lime results will be stated in tonnes per hectare.

LIMELime results will be stated in tonnes per hectare. When greater than 7.5T/ha is requires, you will need to split the application. Apply half now and the remainder in the following year.

10 11



CULTURAL GRASS WEED CONTROLIN WINTER CROPS

Above are all parts of a control program to help minimize and suppress troublesome grass weeds as detailed by Mr Jimmy Staples, Teagasc in his recent regional presentations.

Matt LawleeI.A.S.I.S. Tillage & Beef Area [email protected]_____________________________

KEY POINTS AND MESSAGES ON GRASSWEED ISSUES Black GrassEarly identification is vital as it has 80% Autumn emergence. Both cultural and chemical control methods are needed as it has a confirmed herbicide resistance to some chemicals. Cultivation after harvest will increase germination of freshly shed seeds where they are moved into moisture and older seeds exposed to light. Seeds cannot germinate from depths below 5 cm.

Sterile or Great BromeBromes can produce greater than 200 seeds per plant and is predominately Autumn germinating. Ploughing to a depth of 15-20cm will cause variable germination, while shallow surface cultivation will encourage a chit and the opportunity to spray off with Glyphosate. Good straw cover, where it is being chopped and spread, may also provide adequate darkness to trigger seedling growth.

Meadow, Soft and Rye Bromeshould be left on the soil surface for a month.

Wild Oatsshould be left on the soil surface for as long as possible in the Autumn. Fields known to hold Wild Oats should be treated at the 5-leaf stage of the crop in the Spring while the target weed is still small and good contact made with herbicide.

Oilseed Rapeseed losses at harvest should be left on the soil surface for 4-6 weeks to avoid seeds becoming dormant.

Canary GrassSeeds persist in the soil and germinate in the Spring. Early Spring identification and treatment is vital.

Cereal Volunteersprovided there is adequate soil moisture, a shallow cultivation into the soil will encourage a flush of germination.

RECOMMENDATION TO REDUCE THE POPULATION OF THESE GRASS WEEDS A = Stubble Cultivation_________________________________________________________

B = Stubble cover to be sprayed off with a Glyphosate product._________________________________________________________

C = Herbicide treatment in either the Pre, Peri or Post emergence of the crop.

Herbicide Resistanceplease note that herbicide resistance is the ability of a plant to survive and produce seed even after the application of a rate of Herbicide that would have normally killed the target weed.

KNOW HOW TO DEAL WITH GRASS WEEDSTHE ANSWER MAY NOT BE IN A 5 LT CAN!

Product Updates - Dates to RememberActive Ingredient Latest Purchase Date Use Up Date on Farm Product Name

(list below is a sample of products but not limited to the following)

Chlorothanonil 31/03/2020 20/05/2020Bravo, Amistar Opti,

Curator,Rover, Spirodor,Treoris, CT 500, Balear 720 ct

Fenprophimorph 31/10/2019 31/10/2020Jenton , Corbel , Tocato , Capalo,

Opus Team.

Vigon 31/10/2019 31/12/2019 Vigon

PostEmergence

Post-Emergence

THE FUTURETHE PAST

FARMERPRACTICE

PeriEmergence

Peri-Emergence

PreEmergence

PreEmergence

Cultural Control

CulturalControl

INTEGRATED STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING GRASS WEEDS

CONTROL OPTIONS

Rotations Row Widths

Stale Seedbeds Allelopathy/Bio fumigation

Drilling Dates Nitrogen Timing

Seed Rates Mowing/Whole Cropping

Cover Crops Mechanical Weeding

Companion Cropping Alternative Approaches

Crop Cultivars Targeted Herbicides

Rogueing Alternative Herbicides Types

Kill Weed Seedlings

Prevent Seed Return

Deplete Seed Bank

Stop Seed Set

ON FARM HYGIENE

Mature Plants

SeedsSeedlings

Seed Bank

contact/advice

If you need any help or advice to identify and treating these Grass Weeds, please do not hesitate to contact any member of the Dairygold Tillage team who will discuss the various options available to you at any given time.

Matt Lawlee 086 2461631Liam Leahy 086 2441370Michael English 086 2554237Mary Deane 086 7936897Niall Laffan 086 7938420Frank Hayes 086 2461643

12 13



Aphid Control

IN WINTER CEREALS

BYDV MORE CHALLENGING WITH THE LOSS OF REDIGO DETER Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus(BYVD) has become a major talking point on most farms this year, with increased aphid numbers and the loss of the neonicotinoid seed dressing Redigo Deter. Aphids continue to be the most serious pests on both Winter and spring cereal crops causing major reductions in yield.

Ciaran Collins Teagasc tillage specialist was speaking on IPM management at the National crop forum last week.

“BYDV can cause yield reduction of up to 3.7 t/ha on early/mid-September sown winter Barley. Control of the virus is becoming increasingly difficult, as resistance to pyrethroids is becoming evident. It is vital to prevent spread of BYDV during the first 8-10 weeks after crop emerges, as this is when plants are most vulnerable to the effects of the virus.”

PRE-PLANTING AND INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)

There is no new chemistry on the market to control aphids. We must rely on IPM and correct usage of our existing pyrethroids to do the job.

Options Include__________________________________________________1. Delayed sowing to October can decrease the risk of BYVD as Aphid numbers decline in colder weather__________________________________________________2. Rotation reduces risk of BYDV, moving away from continuous cereals. Aphid resistance to pyrethroids is eight times greater in continuous cereals than in rotation with Beans or Oilseed rape__________________________________________________3. All aphicides should be applied according to their labels at full rate, ensuring good spray coverage__________________________________________________4. Green bridge - Minimising the green bridge provided for aphids by volunteer cereals or weeds through cultivation or desiccation is also important__________________________________________________

5. The risk of BYDV is higher following a mild winter or where crops are planted in high risk areas, such as coastal sites and areas which previously had high levels of BYDV

Aphids with the kdr gene are less susceptible to pyrethroids but are by far the minority in the species at present To date the kdr gene has only been identified in Sitobion Avenae (Grain Aphid)

SUGGESTED SPRAY PROGRAM Planted late Sept - early Oct2 spray program 3-4 leaf and repeat in late November

Planted mid to late Oct1 spray program at 3-4 leaf stagePlanter late October to mid-November

Early SpringAphicide may be warranted

In all cases review your program with view to a spring application but generally only warranted in the case of a very mild winter.

Please use all aphicides responsibly as we are running out of registered products and may well find ourselves with no chemical defence if we become over reliant on such methods of control. For best advice, contact your local Dairygold Area Sales Manager.

Michael EnglishI.A.S.I.S. Tillage & Beef Area [email protected]_____________________________

14 15



Flight®

Flight is a registered trademark of BASF. Flight contains pendimethalin and imazamox. Use plant protection products safely. Always read the label and product information before use. For further product information including warning phrases and symbols, refer to www.agricentre.basf.ie. Pay attention to the risk indications and follow the safety precautions on the label. Triple rinse containers and invert to dry at time of use.

A pre/early post emergence herbicide for use on all varieties of winter barley and winter wheat

What is Flight®

Why you shouldchoose Flight®

• Broad-spectrum control of broadleaved and grass weeds• The best start to wild oats control• Two complimentary modes of action for long-lasting activity• Flexible timing• Excellent crop safety

Continually soaring above the threat of weeds

flight.indd 1 19/09/2019 10:36

Good variety selection is critical in the current era of declining efficacy of some of our key fungicide groups and the loss of key active ingredients. Selecting varieties on top line yield figures alone is a fool hardy approach. This approach could end up costing a grower more on disease control with increased lodging risk and grain quality issues at harvest. Variety selection is a key component of any growers Integrated Pest Management plan (IPM) or good farm practice.

Yield alone is a poor criteria on which to select a variety as the difference between the lowest and highest yielding variety is often very small. The yield differences between many of the varieties on the recommended lists are not significantly different. On this year’s winter wheat recommended list the highest yielding variety yielded 4% over the control yields or 0.45t/ha. At €150/t this gain is worth €68.5/ha (€28/ac) but the gain from the potential extra yield could easily be lost through lodging, sprouting or an extra fungicide for mildew or yellow rust. Therefore variety parameters other than yield are more important in most cases.

Local conditions are also an important factor in variety selection. A grower along the south coast will put more weight on varietal resistance to fusarium and sprouting whereas a grower in Meath may be more concerned with resistance to yellow rust. Fortunately there are

a number of DAFM trial sites within the Dairygold catchment area and information from these sites is extremely valuable to growers in the area.

In Ireland we are fortunate to have an independent body in the DAFM who evaluate the performance of varieties. Varieties are independently assessed for yield, quality and agronomic traits in different locations around the country. Before a variety is listed on the recommended list it must have been trialled for a minimum of three years which gives the grower confidence that the variety should perform well in a range of growing conditions.

Variety selection for the grower starts with the recommended list. Generally all varieties supplied by the breeders go through the DAFM trialling and evaluation system so selecting a variety that isn’t on the recommended list is a big risk.

LOOK BELOW THE TOP LINE YIELD FIGURES TO SELECT THE RIGHT VARIETY FOR YOUR FARM.Ciaran Collins

Teagasc Tillage Specialist_____________________________

Recommended Lists

2020

WINTER BARLEY

The 2020 winter barley recommended list follows a similar pattern to recent years where the highest yielding varieties are the 6 row hybrids followed by 6 row conventional and finally 2 row varieties. But as previously stated straw and grain quality and disease resistance are important considerations.

Bazooka (109), Belfry (110) and Quadra (108) are high yielding with good resistance to lodging but are moderately susceptible to straw breakdown. In general resistance to disease is excellent but watch Bazooka (6) and Belfrey (6) for mildew. All three have small grain with good kph.

6 row conventional varieties Pixel (107) and KWS Kosmos (107) are high yielding with excellent disease resistance. Straw breakdown (4) would be the main concern with both varieties susceptible to straw breakdown. Both varieties are at the lower end of the recommended list in terms of kph.

There are two fully recommended 2 row varieties, KWS Cassia (95) and KWS Infinity (97). There are also two provisionally recommended varieties LG Casting (101) and Valerie (100). There is some seed of KWS Tower available but it has been removed from the list due to issues with net blotch.

KWS Cassia has good straw characteristics and excellent grain quality but is susceptible to rhynchosporium (4) and moderately susceptible to mildew (5). KWS Infinity’s straw ratings are similar to KWS Cassia but needs attention for mildew (5). KWS Infinity has good grain quality but kph behind KWS Cassia.

The two provisionally recommended varieties LG Casting (101) and Valerie (100) both have a good disease profile. Resistance to lodging is similar (7) for both varieties but LG Casting (5) is moderately susceptible to straw breakdown with Valerie (6) slightly better. Both varieties have good kph with Valerie second on the recommended list to KWS Cassia.

AGRONOMIC & QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS*

RECOMMENDED PROVISIONALLY RECOMMENDED

Relative Yield * 109 110 95 97 107 107 108 101 100

Varietal Type 6R(H) 6R(H) 2R 2R 6R 6R 6R(H) 2R 2R

Straw Height (cm) 102.2 95.4 83.6 79.2 98.5 85.1 94.9 77.5 78.1

Resistance to lodging (7) (7) 7 7 6 (7) 7 (7) (7)

Straw breakdown 5 6 6 6 4 4 5 (5) (6)

Earliness of ripening 7 7 6 6 7 8 7 (7) (8)

RESISTANCE TO

Mildew 6 6 5 5 8 7 7 (8) (7)

Rhynchosporium (8) (8) 4 7 7 (7) 7 (7) (8)

Brown Rust 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 (7) (7)

Net Blotch 7 7 7 7 7 6 7 (7) (7)

QUALITY

Screenings % (<2.2 mm) 3.3 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.0 2.0 3.0 2.9 1.2

1,000 grain wt. (g) 46.4 46.4 52.9 54.0 49.3 46.5 45.5 50.6 56.9

Hectolitre wt. (kg/hl) 68.5 68.5 69.9 67.7 66.7 67.2 68.4 68.4 69.7

Year first listed 2019 2019 2011 2016 2018 2019 2016 2020 2020

* Based on trial results from 2017, 2018 and 2019. Yields are expressed as a percentage of the mean KWS Cassia, KWS Infinifty and Quadra ra (100 = 9.40 t/ha @ 15% moisture content)

BA

ZOO

KA

KW

S K

OSM

OS

KW

S CA

SSIA

QU

AR

DA

BEL

FRY

PIX

EL

KW

S IN

FIN

ITY

LG C

AST

ING

VALE

RIE

16 17



Recommended Lists

2020

WINTER WHEAT

There are four fully recommended varieties on the recommended list, Bennington, Costello, JB Diego and Torp and two provisionally recommended varieties, KWS Conros and Graham.

Bennington (101) is a high yielding variety with good straw characteristics and is moderately resistant to mildew and septoria. It has good resistance to fusarium but the main areas of concern are yellow rust (4) and sprouting (5).

Costello is a variety that possesses the attributes that a grower would favour if we have a late harvest, good resistance

to lodging (8), fusarium (7) and sprouting (8). It is on the lower end in terms of yield (97) and needs attention for septoria (5).

JB Digeo (97) is on the list since 2010 and is susceptible to yellow rust (4) and septoria (4).

Torp (101) has the best rating for septoria (7) but is susceptible to fusarium (4) and has moderate grain quality with a low kph.

KWS Conros (98) remains provisionally recommended due to a disappointing yield in 2019 following good

performances in 2018 and 2017. It has very good resistance to lodging. It also has very good resistance to mildew (8) and yellow rust (8) but is moderately susceptible to septoria (5). It has a low thousand grain weight with a good kph.

Graham (104) is provisionally recommended this year. It has good resistance to lodging (7) and straw breakdown (7). Overall disease package is good, mildew (8), Septoria (6), Yellow rust (7), fusarium (7) and resistance to sprouting (7). Good kph.



Relative Yield * 101 97 99 101 98 104

Straw Height (cm) 80.3 69.6 77.9 78.1 77.7 78.0

Resistance to lodging 7 8 6 7 8 (7)

Straw breakdown 8 7 7 6 8 (7)

Earliness of ripening 6 6 6 5 5 (7)

RESISTANCE TO

Mildew 6 8 6 5 8 (8)

Septoria spp. 6 5 4 7 5 (6)

Yellow Rust 4 8 4 5 8 (7)

Fusarium Ear Blight 7 7 6 4 (6) (7)

Sprouting 5 8 7 6 7 (7)

QUALITY

Grain Protein % (15% MC) 10.5 10.6 10.5 10.0 10.3 10.4

Hagberg Falling No. 226 353 349 233 273 276

1000 grain weight (g) 47.6 46.0 47.1 45.9 42.4 48.6

Hectolitre wt. (kg/hl) 74.3 77.5 74.9 72.0 75.5 74.8

Market + F F F F F F

Year first listed 2018 2017 2010 2018 2019 2020

* Based on trial results from 2017, 2018 and 2019. Yields are expressed as a percentage of the mean JB Diego and Bennington (100 = 11.42 t/ha @ 15% moisture content) Based on results from harvests 2017 and 2018. + F- Feed Quality. () Limited Data

BEN

NIN

GTO

N

KW

S CO

ND

RO

S

JB D

IEG

O

COST

ELLO

GR

AH

AM

TOR

P

Recommended Lists

2020

WINTER OATS

There are five fully recommended varieties on the recommended list Barra (94), Delfin (112), Husky (106), Keely (102) RGT Southwark (101) and one provisionally recommended variety WPB Isabel (102).

A note of caution on winter hardiness is that all of the varieties on the recommended list are spring varieties expect for RGT Southwark and severe crop damage can be expected when spring varieties are planted in the autumn when prolonged frost weather events occur.

Husky has been the dominant variety is recent seasons due to its high yield and excellent grain quality. WPB Isabel is provisionally recommended this year and has excellent straw, good resistance to disease and is the first variety to rival Barra and Husky on grain quality.



BARRA DELFIN HUSKY KEELY RGT SOUTHWARK

WPBISABEL

Relative Yield * 101 97 99 101 101 104

Straw Height (cm) 80.3 69.6 77.9 78.1 78.1 78.0

Resistance to lodging 7 8 6 7 7 (7)

Straw breakdown 8 7 7 6 6 (7)

Earliness of ripening 6 6 6 5 5 (7)

Winter Hardiness** 6 6 6 5 5 (7)

RESISTANCE TO

Mildew 6 8 6 5 (8)

Crown Rust 6 5 4 7 (6)

QUALITY

Kernel Content (%) 10.5 10.6 10.5 10.0 10.0 10.4

1000 grain weight (g) 226 353 349 233 233 276

Hectolitre wt. (kg/hl) 47.6 46.0 47.1 45.9 45.9 48.6

Year first listed 2018 2017 2010 2018 2018 2020

* Based on trial results from 2017, 2018 and 2019. Yields are expressed as a percentage of the mean of Barra and Husky (100 = 8.26 t/ha @ 15% moisture content) Based on results from harvests 2017 and 2018. W True winter variety. + F- Feed Quality. () Limited Data. ** WInter hardiness score for Barra and Husky are based from Spring 2011. All varieties other than RGT southwark are Spring type varieties sown in winter and may cause drastic reduction in yield or even crop failure.

18 19



THE POWEROF CROP ROTATION

Niall LaffanB.Ag.Sc Agri Sales Support Advisor

[email protected]

_____________________________

Crop rotation is a simple procedure that involves not planting the same crop in the same soil for two to six years.

Crop rotation helps prevent a build-up of diseases in the soil which can infect and re-infect families of plants which can have both clinical and sub clinical effects but always reducing its ability to yield. Plants also absorb different quantities of soil nutrients, and repeated plantings of the same family can deplete the soil of a range of elements. While some plans are long term with a fixed rotation other can be short term and easily achieved. Consider growing a green manure crop somewhere in the cycle to replenish nitrogen stores and build up the organic matter in the soil; beans and oilseed rape are also very good breaks and offer the added advantage of returning their haulm back to the soil to help enrich the soil profile. In all cases it fair to say that both the soil profile and crop yields benefit from such action in some form or other and all help in the sustainability of our soils going forward.

Example 1 of 100-hectare farm rotation while staying within the 3 crop rule.

Example 2

Example 3

CEREAL YIELDS ARE HIGHER WHEN THEY ARE GROWN IN ROTATIONResearch shows that wheat yields are 11% Higher when the crop is grown in rotation compared to wheat grown in a continuous cropping system. The implementation of good rotation should provide growers with:

• Increased profitability______________________________________________

• Diversify risks______________________________________________

• Fulfil greening regulations______________________________________________

• Effective use of herbicides on difficult weeds______________________________________________

• Soil structure benefits ______________________________________________

• Allows time to incorporate manures into soil

MALTING BARLEY

72 Hectares

Year 1 SPRING BEANS/WINTEROILSEED

RAPE

Year 1 SPRING BEANS

Year 2 WINTERWHEAT

Year 2 WINTERWHEAT

Year 3 WINTERBARLEY

Year 3 WINTERBARLEY

Year 4 SPRING BARLEY


Year 6 WINTERWHEAT

Year 6 WINTEROILSEED

RAPE

Year 5 SPRING OATS


Year 7WINTERBARLEY

Year 7WINTERWHEAT


Year 8 WINTERBARLEY



WINTERBARLEY

22 Hectares

OILSEED RAPE

or SPRING BEANS

6 Hectares

3 CROP RULE

1 Crop Min 5%

Main Crop < 75%

Two Crops < 95%

20 21



HOW DO I CHOOSE A ROTATION THAT SUITS?

There are different factors to consider when developing a plan for crop rotation, there are IPM benefits and concerns that must be looked at; choosing crops that reduce the risk of soil borne diseases such as take all, volunteer weeds, the possibility of disease carry over and fertility issues. Also, it’s important that when selecting a crop to use in your system, that there is a market for the crop at harvest. We should consider the advantages of spreading the risk and workload, the requirements of the seedbeds as some crops can be planted into moderate ground conditions which can be an added advantage. Time of harvest and your ability to complete this with your own machinery.

The main two main combinable break crops that suit Irish tillage rotations are Beans and Oilseed Rape.

Beans provide a useful break crop for wheat or seed crops. As they are a legume, they produce their own nitrogen and leave residual nitrogen for the following crop. They can be sown very early in spring thus getting acres planted and their root structure leaves soil in very good condition. They are relatively cheap to grow and in recent years carry a forward contract price along with a protein payment bonus which make them very attractive to growers.

Oilseed rape acts as a break crop from the Take-all fungus which adversely affects wheat. Yield of wheat sown after sowing rape can increase by 0.5-1.5 t/ha depending on the incidence of take all during the growing season. Also, the use of oilseed rape and spring barley in a rotation with Winter wheat can reduce the incidence of blackgrass significantly as the herbicide for the rape is particularly effective against this difficult weed.

Key point

The use of tillage break crops, especially legumes, will allow farmers to save up to €40/ha in Nitrogen costs when growing cereals.

ADVANTAGES OF CROP ROTATIONResearch shows that wheat yields are 11% Higher when the crop is grown in rotation compared to wheat grown in a continuous cropping system. The implementation of good rotation should provide growers with:

• Prevents soil depletion and helps break down soil compaction___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Maintains soil fertility___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Reduces soil erosion___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Controls insect/mite pests as each crop have different tolerance and effects.___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Reduces reliance on residual chemical build up in the soil___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Reduces the pests’ build-up___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Prevents diseases___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Helps control weeds i.e. Blackgrass

TIPS WHEN PLANNING CROP ROTATION• Know the family where your crops belong to making sure that what you plant on the next cropping belongs to a different family than the previous one and / or has no common disease issues that need to be avoided___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Get legumes / oilseed rape or root crop into rotation.___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Practice green manuring.___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Always keep farm records ___________________________________________________________________________________________

• Plan accordingly to fulfill greening regulations and 3 crop rules.

22 23



Soil Sampling Service& Fertiliser Plan

Complete your details below to avail of our soil sampling service and hand it to a Dairygold Representative

orPost in to Inside Sales

Dairygold Agribusiness, Lombardstown, Co. Cork or

Sign up on our website www.dairygoldagri.ie/soil

Account Number

Contact Number

Number of Samples

Samples to be taken by:

Date. __ / __ / __

Name

Address

I authorise Dairygold to update their records using the contact details provided above and forward these details to relevant third parties to complete the sampling process

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

x

For more information please contact your Dairygold Area Sales Manager or Inside Sales Team on 022-31644

If YESplease

tick here

24 www.dairygoldagri.ie

Soil Sampling Service& Fertiliser Plan

For more information please contact your Dairygold Area Sales Manager or Inside Sales Team on 022-31644

SOILSAMPLES

Taken from your Farm and Analysed

by Dairygold Agri Services

Laboratory

3 Point Action Plan to Improve your Soil Indexes:

1. TAKE A SOIL SAMPLE Soil corers are available from all Dairygold branches.

2. DO A FERTILISER PROGRAMME FOR YOUR FARM Dairygold have designed a fertiliser planning tool which

formulates a customised farm specific fertiliser plan for your farm based on your stocking rates, your slurry application and your

soils indexes

3. PUT YOUR PROGRAMME INTO ACTION BY USING THE FERTILISERS YOUR PLAN RECOMMENDS

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Targeted Fertiliser Plan

included FREE!!!

per sample€16.50

+ VAT*

special edition - dairygold agri

Documents