sparks ch301 why is everything so different? gas, liquid
TRANSCRIPT
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Sparks
CH301
WHY IS EVERYTHING SO
DIFFERENT? Gas, Liquid or Solid?
UNIT 3 Day 6
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What are we going to learn today?
MO of large molecules
Recognize different molecules have different
physical properties
Classify Intermolecular Forces
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Most molecules have
A. An even number of electrons
B. An odd number of electrons
C. Equal chance of even or odd
POLL: CLICKER QUESTION
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Most molecules are
A. diamagnetic
B. paramagnetic
C. Evenly split between the two
POLL: CLICKER QUESTION
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How is this tool used..
Calculate the lowest
energy geometry;
Where is the electron
density
What if it is a complicated molecule with lots of atoms
It is hard to relate the MO to AO
None the less the MOs are useful
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Other way we use MO, just the pi electrons
VB for sigma bonds
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MO for the pi bond
Where are the electrons?
Delocalized around the molecule
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Typical MO for organic molecule
Almost always diamagnetic
HOMO/LUMO
Energy gap
Light absorption
Dyes – homo lumo gap is
the color that is
absorbed, gaps as a
function of structure
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MO picture of Ethanol
VSEPR and VB to get visual image
Predict Polar just from ball and stick
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Chemical Composition & Shape
Physical Properties?
GAS? or LIQUID?
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Types of Forces
Intramolecular Forces: forces that hold together an individual molecule
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Types of Forces
Intermolecular Forces: forces between
different molecules
e.g., forces between:
separate CO2 molecules in CO2
separate H2O molecules in H2O
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Thought Question!
H2O(g) + 927 kJ 2H(g) + O(g)
H2O(l) + 40.7 kJ H2O(g)
For water, which are stronger:
A.The intermolecular forces.
B.The intramolecular forces.
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What dominates the interaction in
condensed phases?
What are these forces?
Classify forces.
Define IMF.
REMEMBER TAPE
REMEMBER CHARGED ROD and LIQUIDS
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INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
DOMINATE FORCE IN CHEMISTRY – COULOMBIC
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INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
DOMINATE FORCE IN CHEMISTRY – COULOMBIC
Qualify the word “intermolecular”
Boling Point: 1413 °C
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INTERMOLECULAR FORCES
CONDENSED PHASE – BUT NOT IONIC
MOLECULAR CONDENSDED PHASE:
MOLECULAR LIQUID OR MOLECULAR SOLIDS
“PARTICLE IS A MOLECULE”
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Intermolecular forces are
based on attraction of
opposite charges.
Electrostatic forces
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In covalent molecules,
intermolecular forces are
based on the molecule
polarity.
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REMEMBER:
A molecule which is polar overall will have a NET
DIPOLE.
From now on we refer to this type of molecule as a
DIPOLE.
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INTERMOLECULAR FORCES: dipole-dipole
Attractive force between
partial negative end of
one molecule and
partial positive end of
another molecule.
Strength depends on
distance and dipole
moment.
E 1
r3
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POLL: CLICKER QUESTION
CLICKER QUESTION
ALL NONPOLAR COMPOUNDS ARE GASES:
A) TRUE
B) FALSE
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Important Information
LM23 posted
Extra, non-graded practice:
Laude LM Lecture 16 & 17