!and are also new ships. They sail direct to Bremen, and their passenger accommodations are usually .-

-" filled to capacity. =

; There are excellent indications that the North German Lloyd people are considering a regular pas- -". senger service from this port. They have had intermittent sailings to Germany from Houston during -"

the past three years. Just recently their Hannover carried a passenger list from our docks. --

-. That the travel urge is hard upon the Southern people is indicated by the enthusiasm manifested "each year in the Chamber of Commerce Cruises from Port Houston. The ’cruises of 1924 and 1925 "

~’by the Lafayette and by the Cuba in 1926 have created a keen interest in travel. They are no longer -"innovations; they take their place along with other institutions important in the life of the South. -"

=

Southern Steamship CompanyGENERAL OFFICES . PHILADELPHIA, PA.

STEAMERSCITY OF HOUSTON 4,100 Tons CITY OF DALLAS .... 4,100 Tons

CITY OF PHILADELPHIA. 4,100 Tons CITY OF FORT "I~rOETH 4,100 Tons

G. A. FLAGG ..... 4,100 Tons

SA,’.,N’~N~DAyEVERYFRoMWED- PHILADELPHIA, PAs Foot(Pierof46’WashingtonS°Uth Wharves,Ave.)

TO

NAILING EVERYHOUSTON TEXASMONDAY FROM 9

" Freight Received for all Points in Arizona, California, Colorado, .: New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas and Utah Southbound. :g

.. Northbound to Seaboard Territory Points Except New York. =

== Harvey C. Miller, President ................ Philadelphia F.M. Johnson, Asst. to V. P ................... Houston ==

Geo. W. DeLanoy, V. P. &. T. M ........... Philadelphia H.T. Lindsey, G. A ............................. Houston =

== T. A. O’Brien, Gen. Frt. Agt ............... Philadelphia T.P. Battle, C. A ............................... Houston

== F.M. Booth, Commercial Agt .... Philadelphia H.K. Sherry, S. F. A ........................... Houston ==........... G.H. King, S. F. A ............................. Houston

Phelps Cree, S. F. A ......................... Philadelphia W.A. Bielstein, C. A ......................... San Antonio -;: G.L. Wilson, S. F. A ....................... Philadelphia E.M. Sones, C. A ........................... Fort Worth :== P.F. Courtney, Agent ...................... Philadelphia A.B. Bogan, C. A ................................. Dal;as

C. E. Spangenburg, D. F. R ....................... Buffalo D.D. Karn, Agt ................................. Houston ===

=-==

====

" SOUTHERN’S SERVICE SATISFACTORY :.=

== Is what consignees say of the Southern Steamship Company operations to Houston, Texas, resulting= from the apparent attention given the careful handling of shipments by all employees who seem to take "__. a personal interest from solicitation of them to the actual delivery. =

g

; The increase in the business into Houston via the Southern Steamship Company can be directly at- := tributed to this and the more frequent sailings, of which there were eight from Philadelphia to Houston--" during the nlonth of March. -=

=" Another important factor which consignees appreciate is that shipments from interior Seaboard ter-" ritory can be delivered to the Southern Steamship Company direct from the railroad cars to the steamer =; at shipside, Philadelphia, which reduces the breakage by requiring one less handling of such shipments .

than is required at New York, where all such shipments have to be either lightered or trucked to makedelivery to the steamer lines operating from there.

=

" The Southern Steamship Company uses Municipal Dock No. 4, and any increase in business means= additional revenue from wharfage paid the City of Houston for the use of its terminals.=

Page 19

Coastwise Trade Through Houston __.==

The coastwise shipping through the port of Houston is growing very rapidly both in oils, cotton _.and general commodities, which are being handled to Gulf, Atlantic and Pacific Coast points. A briefresume of these services is of especial interest at this time ill ’connection with the industrial develop-ment of the South. -"

_=The Southern Steamship Company--pioneers in the ~:oastwise service to this port, who began op-,_

erations in 1915 on a semimonthly basis, have increased their sailings to two vessels per week between -"Houston and Philidelphia, each with a cargo of 2500 to 3000 tons, and are now contemplating the pur- ;chase of additional ships. The increase in tonnage is very largely the result of their improved and -.dependable service, both with regard to time in transit and the care exercised in handling their busi- _.hess.

Gulf Coast servix:e is maintained by the Sipsey Barge and Towing Company between Houstonand New Orleans and to Mobile, bringing cargoes of steel, coal and coke. "

_=

A new line has just been added to Gulf and South Atlantic service by the Coastwise NavigationCompany, between Houston, New Orleans, Tampa, Miami, Jacksonville, Savalmah and Charleston as -"well as intermediate points, as cargo offers. --=

The Southern Pacific (Morgan Line) terminals at Houston (Clinton Wharves) are nearing corn- "pletion and this ’company will shortly announce its service to North Atlantic ports. An article describ- --"ing these terminals will be found on page 16. --

The Pacific Coast Service is maintained by semimonthly sailings of the Luckenbach Line, with its --fleet of fast and modern cargo ships, a large tonnage of ~:anned goods, beans, newsprint paper, fir ;lumber and shingles are being brought from Seattle, Tacoma, Portland, San Francisco and Los Angeles. :\¥est bound cargoes consist of hardwood lumber, rice and iard. ==

The Pacific Caribbean and Gulf S. S. Co. also operates on a monthly schedule from Houston to iPacifi’c ports with a good volume of general cargo.

The Intracoastal Canal will be in operation in the next few years and will provide a large volume ="

of traffic between points on the Allegheny, Ohio, Mississippi Rivers and through the Bayous and canalsin Louisiana to the land locked canal from Port Arthur to Houston. The extension of this canal south- :westward to Corpus Christi and eventually to Brownsville and Mexico will open up a vast and fertileterritory for industrial development. This canal will be 9 feet deep and over 100 feet wide, adequatefor heavy barge traffic in steel, iron, voal, coke, sulphur, fertilizer, oils and the other slow moving bulkcommodities.

=*

=*=-

===

ii!

Houston Harbor anti Grain Elevator. _---

Page 20

g

IIIIgIIIIIIIIgIgIIgIIItgIIIg!

=-g

, WEST INDIES CRUISE :g

The Houston Chamber of Commerce has for the past three years sponsored a "Good Will’ trade ""~ cruise from Houston to various ports of the West Indies and South America, leaving Houston Feb- -" ruary 22nd and returning in about four weeks.

These cruises have proved very popular as evidenced by the following report of the last trip prepared -": by Mr. Bert Rule, Publicity Director of the Chamber of Commerce.

The more one travels, the more one realizes that this peculiar thing called "human nature" isn’tso peculiar after all. The subject becomes vastly simplified when one discovers that "human nature"is the same everywhere.

g

In Houston, St. Paul, San Francisco or New York, it is "human nature" that prompts the averageindividual to more quickly believe what he sees as compared to what he reads or hears. This is thereason manufacturers have at times found it profitable to rent corners of grocery stores and the dis-play windows of drug stores to give visual demonstrations of the value of their wares.

This is the reason the Houston Chamber of Commerce on three different occasions has dispatcheda huge passenger liner direct from the public wharves of the Port of Houston to the shores of Latin-America.This is a visual demonstration of the value of the wares of the Port of Houston.

The passenger list of the third cruise of the Chamber of Commerce was made up of individuals -"residing in 14 states other than Texas. No doubt most of these folks before ’coming on the cruise had "both read and heard about the wonderful development of the Port of Houston. Through such mediums -"they were convinced we had some sort of marine facilities here.

Today these erstwhile passengers of the Cuba are confirmed and enthusiastic boosters for the Port "of Houston and have expressed a willingness to take up the cudgel in defense of their views at the -"least provocation. The cruise has transformed a passive interest into an aggressive desire to spread -’-the "gospel" that bodes well for the future status of the Port of Houston in these United States ofAmerica.

And so it is with the peoples of the West Indies, South America, Panama and Mexico, the coun-tries visited on the cruise. Many of the shippers and other business men of these countries had reada little and heard a little about the Port of Houston, but today after two visits of the S. S. Lafayette "and one of the S. S. Cuba, they are thoroughly convinced of the greatness and of the adequacy of the --"port on the Houston Ship Channel. They have been presented with a visual demonstration--they be- -"lieve what they have seen.

Throughout the length and breadth of the Western Tropics Houston is today, with the possible "exception of New York, the best known city in the United States. .-

On this last cruise it was found that many of the people in all of the ports aml ~:ities visited --"except Mexico City which was not included in former itineraries, were more than merely interested inHouston as a city, but in a much more intimate and personal way. Inquiries were made at every stop *about Mayor Hol’combe, General Manager Haines of the Chamber, Police Chief Goodson, and others who ---participated in other cruises but were not members of the Cuba party. They remembered bits of in- __--formation imparted by the above gentlemen and were interested to know the outcome of this, that andthe other thing.

Ill San Juan, immediately after the Cuba’s arrival, a Texas Club was formed by Mrs. George _--Bute, and badges were pinned on those who desired to become members. These badges were worn ;(luring the entire stay of the Cuba party and it was noted that probably 60 percent of the wearers ofthe embleln were native citizens of the island. M. Berrios, agent in Porto Rico, for 10 or 12 Houston -"exporters, says that tfouston and the United States are synonymous terms to most San Juanians. ~"

At every city visited the writer called on the newspapers and he found them eager to print detailed infor-mation not only with referen~:e to the cruise but to the city and port of Houston. Articles prepared ~"by the publicity department of the Chamber of Commerce describing the Port and setting forth sta- -"tistical data showing the phenomenal growth of Houston’s maritime business, were presented to the -"news publications and with few exceptions were printed just as originally written. In San Juan, Kings- ¯ton and Mexico City, the newspapers in addition to several news stories, carried pictures of the Cuba .__party. On the first day of our arrival at the Mexican capitol, the two larger papers, E1 Universal and

gExcelsior, carried six-column pictures across their front pages. Other pictures, including the receptionof the party by President Calles at Chapultepec Castle, were printed on following days. ~"

From 200 to 400 copies of the special issue of "Houston", official publication of the HoustonChamber were printed in both English and Spanish, and distributed at all points visited.

Page 21

:ANDERSON, CLAYTON & CO.Cotton Merchants "

, Oklahoma City, Houston, Savannah, Atlanta ,’ New Orleans, Los Angeles "

" Boston, Providence, Fall River, North Adamsz

: ANDERSON, CLAYTON & FLEMING :" 3 South William Street ’: New York, N.Y. ,, 55 Mann Building :¯ Utica, N.Y. ,, Members: ,’ New York Cotton Exchange ’" New Orleans Cotton Exchange :: Texas Cotton Association ’| g

Associate Members:-- Liverpool Cotton Association, Ltd. ~-

g

g

i FOWLER & McVITIE i. INCORPORATED

: STEAMSHIP A GENTSg g

g g

’ Housto Te ’, n, xas ,

: REGULAR LINER SERVICE :.- =.

TO~ =__

: Liverpool, Manchester, Havre, Antwerp, Ghent, Bremen, -.i Hamburg, Barcelona, Genoa, all Scandinavian and Danish ;.i Ports, Japan and China :,-- ==

Page 22

HOUSTON AND ITS COTTON EXPORTSIn the few short years that Houston has been a port it has had a most remarkable growth until it

has now reached second place of the world’s exports, crowding Galveston for the premier place by avery small margin. Located 50 miles from the Gulf on the inner part of the crescent-shaped cottonbelt of the southwest, the nearest port to the greatest cotton producing area of the world, it is thenatural outlet for the vast volume of cotton that finds its way to foreign ports.

The first shipment from the port was in November, 1919, when a cargo of 23,319 bales of cottonleft for Liverpool, England. From this modest beginning the volume of shipments have increased yearby year until April 3, 1924, the millionth bale for the cotton season beginning August 1, 1923, waspassed over the Houston wharves with great rejoicing by the people of Houston. In 1925 a total of9,118,314 bales were shipped, and during the present cotton season, beginning August 1st, 1925, a totalof 1,511,602 bales were shipped to April 15th, with the probabilities that our exports will exceed twomillion before the close of the season.

Houston’s facilities for handling this commodity are unexcelled, having twenty high density com-presses with supporting warehouses for storage of 860,000 bales. These facilities are rapidly being addedto as the demand requires.

With 17 railroads radiating from the port, cotton is gathered from all parts of Texas and adjoin-ing states, making Houston the greatest spot market in the world.

Fifty lines of steamships meet the railroads at the port with cargo space to carry cotton to all partsof the world, shipments going out daily to Europe, Africa, South America and the Far East.

Houston, however, is also gaining prominence as a center for textile industries, two cotton millsbeing in operation with others contemplated for the near future. With the further development of thisindustry, shipments of finished articles will supplement that of raw cotton.

An additional feature that is making the port advantageous for handling cotton is the opening, ayear ago, of a future cotton market in Chicago under the jurisdiction of the Chicago Board of Tradewith an arrangement that permits the trading of futures in Chicago and the actual deliveries made inthe Houston-Galveston port areas, thus avoiding the unnecessary handling of cotton and opening upother avenues for its trade. There has also been installed by the Department of Agriculture a cottonclassification bureau for the purpose of Government classification of cotton, thus providing for definiteand reliable standards certified to by the United States Government.

The following table shows the various compresses and their storage capacity:

Houston Compress Company (Fifth Ward Plant) ...... 2pressesHouston Compress Company (Long Reach Plant) ...... 3pressesShippers Compress .................................. 2 pressesMagnolia Compress ................................. 2 pressesShip Channel Compress ............................. 2pressesClinton Compress ................................... 1 pressMenkwa Compress .................................. 2 pressesStandard Compress ................................. 1 pressTurning Basin Compress ............................ 2pressesExporters Compress .................................. 2 pressesSouthern Compress .................................. 1 press

Storage Capacity140,000175,0006o,ooo

125,00065,00040,00035,0006O,00050,OO060,00050,000

In addition to the compresses above noted there are six large warehouses with a capacity of 8t,600bales where cotton can be stored pending sale or shipment. These warehouses are listed below.

Southern Compress Warehouse No. 2 ........ 10,000I.-G. N. R. R. Shed ....................... 1,600M.-K.-T. R. R. Shed ...................... 15,000Sanders & Co. Warehouse .................. 5,000Bayou City Compress Warehouse ............ 20,000Binyon Shipside Warehouse ................ 30,000

The Port of Houston has several million dollars invested in compresses, warehouses and cottonhandling equipment and is prepared to handle this commodity with prompt dispatch or to place same instorage in any amount and where insurance rates are low and all risks at a minimum.

Industrial HoustonHouston is rapidly becoming one of the great industrial centers of the South, as its location at

the gateway to the vast agricultural and mineral territory of southwest, and its excellent transportationfacilities; both rail and water make it possible to assemble the raw materials with least expense,manufactnre into the finished product and then distribute to all parts of the world.

Industrial sites along the channel afford shipside and rail facilities where full or partial cargoescan be transferred quickly to or from vessels, reducing handling charges to a minimum.

The banks of channel are from 10 to 40 feet above mean sea level, affording full protection fromstorm damage and acreage ’can be secured at prices ranging from $500 an $10,000 per acre, dependingon location and accessibility.

Several large oil refineries established plants along the channel soon after its completion, and mostof them have since considerably enlarged their facilities and equipment, and are doing a very largevolume of busilmss.

Other industries su’ch as flour and rice mills, tertilizer works, chemical plants, steel storage andassembly plants, cotton presses and ware houses, cement mills, molasses and feed mills, etc. are turningout their products for shipment by rail and water.

Ample fuel facilities are availahle, such as oil, lignite coal, wood, and now natural gas has justbeen piped into the city and to ~hannel industries. Electric current for lighting and power is avail-able in any quantity at a reasonable rate.

Houston with its 19 railroads centering at the Port and a helt service that unifies all of them ina manner to give all equal access to its public wharves provides a distribution system unequaled in theSouth.

The climate is mild throughout the year so that full produ’ction can be had at all times. Labor isplentiful and dependable, both skilled and unskilled. \~Tages are on a reasonable basis in all classes ofindustry, and there has been no disturbance or unrest for many years.

There are hundreds of industries of various kinds located in and around Houston, the nature ofwhich does not require shipside terminals, hut which have railroad connections and paved highwaysfor distribution of their products. Among these are noted textile mills, bagging and burlap mills,cotton and vegetable oil mills, pickle and preserving plants, ~offee roasters, blenders and grinders,creameries, bottling works, ice plants, paper box mills, wood box factories, machine shops and foun-dries for iron steel and brass, structural and reinforcing steel warehouses and fabricators, car wheel foun-dries, oil well supplies and drill bitt factories, cement tile and sewer pipe plants, paint and varnish fa~:-tories, sheet metal works, tank builders, cooperage plants, saw mills, wagon and body works:_office

==

Looking South from Wharf No. 1 and showing Armour Fertilizer Works and Houston Compress Corn- ==

pany shipside cotton terminal. _=_

Page 24

furniture and show cases, mattress factories, tents and awnings refigerating machinery, brick works, etc.Houston is also a city of homes, where the majority of its 250,000 population own their homes, a

city of many beautiful parks, drives, fine public buildings, large hotels, ’comfortable apartment houses,and numerous skyscraper office buildings, with others under construction.

The building permits for 1925 exceeded 35 million and the first three months of 1926 were overten million, with excellent prospects that the total for 1926 in the metropolitan area will reach fiftymillion.

All these conditions present their appeal to business men who are looking for new industrial lo- :cations and distributing ’centers.

NEW INDUSTRIAL PLANTS --"Just as this Port Book is going to press the following anlaouncements have been made of new plants -"

to be constructed immediately. =Manchester Terminal and Compress Company. This is a new company just chartered, of Houston -’-

business men who have already begun the construction of a five million dollar cotton terminal located on --the Ship Channel about three miles below the Turning Basin. The plant will have berthing space for .about ten vessels, three berths to be ready for service by November of this year.

High density compresses, and warehouses, with a capacity of over 200,000 bales are to be constructedat once.

IContracts to handle all the production of the Oklahoma (;otton (]rowers Association have been en-

tered into, and this lnovement alone is expected to exceed 300,000 bales this season. --"

The Houston Compress Company are to extend their Long Reach wharf eight hundred feet down "stream and provide two additional ship berths, with supporting transit sheds, trackage, etc. This work is :to start at once and be ready for the fall shipments. .-

The Houston Lighting and Power Company are to begin at once the addition of another 25,000iK. \V. generator to their Deepwater Plant on the Ship Channel which, with other improvements including .

a high tension line to supply GalvestOn, will cost about two million dollars.Houston Steel & Foundry are establishing a modern steel foundry with three one ton electric fur- . =

naces and other equipment to cost about $225,000.00.The Oklahoma Steel Castings Company of Oklahoma City will install new plant with production

capacity of about 300 tons daily.°

Other industries are organizing and negotiating for sites who are not yet read), to announce theirplans. -_

/..............i, ~ii- :iii ~iili: :::iiii’~iiiiiiiiiii~i~iiiii~!~i~iiii!!i: ~i!iiiiiiii iliil i ~ili!=~:i!!i!ii|,: iiiii 7!ii~ii! ............................i!:~i!!i!!il ............~,~!i!~iii iiiiiiiii!iiii!iiii~:~e

¯ " r"r’he ~-c2s.lL.. F-.n¢:i o Hous’l:on

12,000 Feet of Water FrontageClosest Undeveloped Channel Front

Land to the Business Centerof Houston

MANCHESTER CORPORATION: Second National Bank Building ¯~N --ttll~llH ~1111 ~lt n ~ N H ~ # Hi*l#i,*li~*ll~ i;i ~ N M -- m; --inl-- ~lilr~ illl~ iiiI--*lti--IIM--I*I*--~IX- n M--lug--till- tl,I- ml -- HII -- u u --ilu -- U n --i~1~-- lUl --imilul-.--~l~ ~lllr~.-.- H # ~IIU ~lln ~ x M ~ N N ~ U N i N HBW~

Page 25

g

HOUSTONThe Port of Opportunity.

Now Offers GREATER Incentiveto Industry and Home Builders.

Natural Gaswill Solve Your Fuel Problem

for Home or Factory

A phone call will bring our Repre-sentative to tell you how to use theclean, economical fuel efficiently.

Houston Gas & Fuel Co."Always At Your Service"

PHONE PRESTON 1812

)us"

ORGANIZED 1866

CAPITAL AND SURPLUS $3,000,000

T hrough our connections with stronglyestablished banking institutions in all

parts of the world our facilities cover :

Financing Importers and ExportersGranting documentary creditsFurnishing Travelers" Letters of CreditIssuing drafts on all foreign points of importanceTransferring funds by telegraph or cableSelling Traveler’s chequesCollectin~ clean and documentary export billsSecuring credit information

For details apply to

FOREIGN DEPARTMENT-- THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF HOUSTON

Page 26

AddAnother

Among the some dozen different big in-dustries of size located on the HoustonShip Channel in recent years, it is a mat-ter of record that purchases for frontagewere made through Burchfield & Bro.

Just recently, this concern originated and com-pleted a deal for the CARNEGIE STEELINTERESTS, which please add to the Burch-field list, also including Texas Chemical Co.,Keen 8: Woolf Refinery, Deepwater Oil Re-fineries, Houston L. 8: P. Co., Horton & Hot-ton, Clarion Oil Co., Japan Cotton TradingCo., etc.

Third Floor Kress Bldg.

Houston, Texas

CHANNEL FUEL CO.PORT HOUSTON

HANDLING THE BEST

BUNKER

COALBoothton Red Ash and Best

Oklahoma Bunker and DomesticCoals at Lowest Prices

--Certified United States Bureau of MinesAnalysis furnished on every pound of coal

OFFICES:

HOUSTON LONDONCable Address: Chanfuelco

HOUSTON---OIL PORTWith the discovery of oil at Goose Creek in 1910-11, and the development of the Houston Ship Chan-

nel as a waterway to the sea in. 1912-14 followed by the discovery and development of many other oilfields within a radius of a few hundred miles of Houston, the possibilities of the Texas Gulf Coast asan oil producing and refining center was brought to the attention of farsighted oil and industrial capi-talists.

The first company to establish an oil terminal oi1 the Houston Ship Channel was the Gulf Pipe LineCompany, who built a wharf at Lynchburg, constructed numerous storage tanks, and established whatwas then termed a "mixing plant", using heavy Mexican crude and mixing it with the lighter oils ofthe Texas Gulf Coast, which was distributed for fuel purposes, the tanker "WINIFRED" bringing inthe first foreign cargo of oil to enter the Houston Ship Channel on Jnne 5th, 1915, this shipment beingfollowed by many others in rapid succession.

The strategic location of the Houston Ship Channel as a refining center was soon apparent and thefollowing refineries soon established themselves on the waterway: Galena-Signal Oil Company; SinclairRefining Company; Humble Oil & Refining Company; Crown Oil & Refining Company; Keen & Woolf;Deepwater Refineries; Pa-Tex Refinery; LaPorte Oil and Refinery Company and Houston Terminal Re-finery Company, while other plants were located adjacent thereto as well as tank farms with pipe lineconnections to the wharves such as the Trans-Atlantic Refining Company; American Petroleum Com-pany and the Clarion Oil Company.

There are now some eight or ten producing oil fields within a radius of 100 miles of Houstonwith a production of some 50,000 barrels per year, while pipe lines radiate from the Port to all themajor fields in central and north Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Arkansas and Louisiana, with one pipe linereaching to the Teapot Dome in Wyoming.

Several of the major companies make their headquarters in Houston, while some 38 or 40 oil con-cerns and allied industries have their offices in the City.

During the year 1925 over 5,000,(X)0 tons of oil, both crude and refined, were handled in and outover the waterway. Ship loads of refined oil, gasoline and kerosene were shipped to foreign ports.

The refinery investment on the Houston Ship Channel at this time runs to a total of about $75,O30,-000, and with its vast number of employees has done much toward making Houston the most pro-gressive city in the southwest, and it is expected that this growth will continue as, with Houston’snatural advantages as a seaport, with its splendid railroad connection and pipe lines radiating to allparts of the country, mikt climate, proximity to the center of production, abundance of dependablelabor, that every requirement for economical production and distribution is met with here as in noother section of the country.

t

!!f

BUNKERING FACILITIES.

: Houston is essentially an oil port being located: in the midst of the coastal oil fields with pipe lines-" radiating in all directions to the great producing-" fields of Texas, Louisiana and Okhthoma. with one

pipe line extending to Wyoming, there beiffg a storage- capacity of something like 35,000,000 barrels located ad-

jacent to the Ship Channel. Exceptionally convenientbunker facilities have been provided by the Houston OilTerminal Co., at the Turning Basin with approximately

: 128,000 barrels of fuel oil storage and pipe lines extending on¯ " to all the public wharves on the south side and to the Hous--" ton Compress Company wharves, through which vessels: can be furnished bunkers at the rate of 2,000 barrels per: hour, while taking on or discharging cargo. These lines

are also being extended to serve the new wharves on thenorth side of the channel. Bunker oil can also be obtained

" by private arrangements with some of the oil refineries: located further down the channel. U. S. Shipping Board: vessels are bunkered under contract at t louston.

The Channel Fuel Company carries a considerable stockof bunker coal on hand and is equipped to bunker ships

.- at their wharves on the Channel.

~N~M~n~MN~H~n~Nm--~m--mU~MN~Mm~H~NM~mm--UM~ ~M~H--NU~

Transit Shed Connected with Warehouse byElectric Conveyor.

H aMN~:I;lilN~MM~MmU~qHmi~M~IIH~HmUNmHHa~ImlJlaHH__HH~njm~Nw~NmHNmH~

Page 27

HOUSTON OFFICES HUMBLE OIL & REFINING CO.

AIR VIEW NEW PORT COMMISSION WHARVES ,I

Page 28

III

,," Quality ProductsFrom A Dependable Smwce of Supply~

iT

Hun]b!e Products arc produced, manufactured and=

I marketed by an organization that embraces every==

!phase of tile Petroleum Industry.

==

=[ Our o,~n pipe lines and lank cars transport selected crudcs

i to our modern refineries at Burkburnett, IIearnc and Bay-

!town. Here, in fully-equipped laboratories, our skillcd ::

ichemists and lubrication engineers carefully check and safe-

-= guard the quality of all IIumble Products--keeping pace withI the latest fuel and lubrication requirements. You can de- __-i pend on lhese Humble Products:

i Low Cold Test Red and Pale Oils

! Filtered Pale Oils, Black Oils, Diesel FuelI Oils, Gasolines, Bunker Fuel Oils, Naphthasi!

Refined Oils, Gas Oils

I We arc in position to take care of your require-=i ments--a barrel~a lank car--or a cargo--by railTI or water. We have ocean terminals at Baytown,

! Texas City and Port Neches.

i :Humble 0il & Refining Co. *

i ItOUSTON, TEXAS ..... :Ii Prodttc~ers Pipe Lines Refiners ~larketer,:=

!li!T=!Ti "!

!i ¢ ¯ ¯ a o

!i$

ColdTes~ONIZe]~ :i o

i :I

Page 29

I

Chemical Industry At Port Houston !,In 1916 the President of the Texas Chemical Company Mr. S. Peiser, while seeking locations for i

some of their many enterprises, visited Houston and the possibilities appealed to him so strongly it was !decided to locate one of their industries here. Much impressed with a site on the Ship Channel, and re- !quiring a large acreage,--in the following year--1917--a factory was started for the manufacture of bone !products, such as BONE BLACK, or ANIMAL CHARCOAL, used in the refining of sugar, BONE ]FERTILIZERS, and various other bone products. This initial unit and its subsequent additions, formone of the most modern plants in the world and from their plant on the channel the Texas Chem- :ical Company supplies their bone black to most of the sugar refineries in the United States, Canada, !Cuba and Mexico,--exporting their product to other countries as well. All parts of Texas, Oklahoma, !Louisiana and Mexico are drawn upon for the raw material,--llONES,--but so great is the tonnage [required to keel) this plant operating to capacity that Texas and the surrounding states supply less than ihalf and the Company must import entire cargoes of bones to insure an adequate supply, i

Brought uI) the Ship Channel in large shiploads from Cuba, South America and India, the bones ]for the Texas Chemical Coral)any have an important part in foreign commerce on the Channel. ]

The Company, in 1919. started construction of a m~dern sulphuric acid plant, to manufacture all Tgrades of sulphuric acid by most improved methods. They specialize in the production of high strengths :of sulphuric acid, which are used in the oil refineries throughout the States of Texas, Louisiana and !Oklahoma,--also exported to Mexico in Tank cars and steel barrels. The Texas Chemical Company !

~k "I)"manufactures "ANCHOR BR. N electrolyte, or battery acid, a material with which every automobile [owner is familiar, i=__

In connection with the sulphuric acid industry, a natural developnlent was the installation of an !up-to-date MURIATIC ACID factory which forms an important unit of this institution. Their muriatic [plant was built in 1923. The output of muriatic acid is distributed over Texas, Louisiana and Mexico, ]similar to the sulphuric acid. SALT CAKE. a by-product of the muriatic plant is used in the manufac- oture of glass, also in l)aper mills. !

The Texas Chemical Company group of factories form one of the most modern and most efficient !institutions to be found in all the chemical manufacturing industry. A visitor to the site could not fail Ito note the high state of perfection and efficiency to which it is maintained. Surrounded by lawn and iflowers, one would not think it a chemical factory unless he was informed. The Texas Chemical Com- ipany really pioneered in the Ship Channel manufacturing district and since locating here, a number of ilarge manufacturing concerns have built in the same locality, i

I==

To TEXAS From TEXAS

FastDependable

Regular

Through"’Red Ball"

FreightService

VIA

Gulf Coast Lines --International-Great NorthernTHE ENERGETIC COOPERATION

IN ALL OUR DEPARTMENTSASSURES SATISFACTORY

SERVICESpecial ~htention Given to Handlin~ of Export,

Import and Coastwise BusinessJ. A. BROWN, Freight Traffic Manager H. BOOTH, General Traffic Manager

Houston, Texas

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Natural Gas For Port IndustriesBy A. B. FOSTER

J ANUARY 21, 1923, and March 27, 1926, are milestones that mean much for the present and futuredevelopment of a Greater Houston. January 21, 1923 witnessed the breaking loose of an enormousshallow gas well in southeast Live Oak County some 220 miles from Houston, no one dreamed

this event was to play so important a part in helping Port Houston to become the Queen City of thesouthwest, not even the officials of the Houston Oil Company, the owners of the 30,000 acre block ofleases on which they were testing for oil, had then visualized a $10,000,000 four hundred mile high pres-sure natural gas pipe line system that would in its first full year’s business handle 1-40of the nations greatgas business which in 1925 rose to the grand total of 420,000,000,000 cubic feet.

March 27. 1926, witnessed the successful completion of the world’s largest waterway crossing ofnatural gas lines. On this date six 10 inch welded steel pipes were pulled across the Houston ShipChannel a half mile above Baytown and lowered to the bottom of a 2(K)O foot dredged ditch, acrossthis waterway.

This was the completion of the eastern terminus of the 320 mile finished portion of the HoustonPipe Line Companies great 400 mile pipe line undertaking begun about June 1, 1925. the date of the1)lacing under ground the first length of the large gas main in South East Live Oak County.

Another important date was March 10. 1926. when a party of eastern financiers and their Houston "associates, headed by Capt. E. H. Buckner made a trip down the Houston ship channel to witness the ~"progress of the great engineering feat of pulling, in one nest, six 10 in’oh welded lines across the 2600 .-foot waterway, 500 feet of which would be sunk to a depth of 45 feet below sea level.

In the party were: C. B. McKinley, general manager and director ttouston Pipe Line Company,Houston; H. O. Head, general counsel, Houston Oil Company and Houston Pipe Line Company, Sher- .man; A. \V. Standing, general manager and director, Houston Oil Company, Houston; A. S. Henley,chief geologist, Houston Oil Company, and director Houston Pipe Line Company, Houston; George A.Hill, Jr., general attorney Houston Oil Company and vice president of Houston Pipe Line Company,Houston; T. M. Kennerly, general attorney, Houston Oil Company, and general attorney and directorof the Houston Pipe Line Company, Houston; John F. Shepley, chairman of the board, Union TrustCompany, St. Louis, and dire’ctor of the ]touston Oil Company, and Houston Pipe Line Company; E.H.Buckner, president of the Houston Oil Company and the Houston Pipe Line Company, Houston; T.S. Maf-fitt, capitalist, director of Houston Oil Company and Houston Pipe Line Company, St. Louis; L. S. Zim-merman, president Maryland Trust Company, Baltimore, and director Houston Oil Company and HoustonPipe Line Company; N. A. M’cMillan, chairman of the Board, First National Bank of St. Louis and direc-tor Houston Oil Company, St. Louis ; A. H. Kennerly, secretary Houston Oil Company and Houston PipeLine Company, and director of Houston Pipe Line Coral)any, Houston; George Mackubin, president ofMackubin, Goodrich & Co., bankers Baltimore, and director Houston Oil Company and Houston PipeLine company; David Hannah, capitalist, Houston, and diremor Houston Oil Company.

Boarding the yacht Minerva, the party proceeded up the channel to the Turning Basin for a viewof the $7,000,000 modern wharves and grain elevator where ocean-going steamers were loading and un-loading their cargoes.

Down the channel to Baytown, the party proceeded, passing the numerous large industries nowburning natural gas for fuel and where escaping wreaths of steam were visible.

At a meeting of the directors held in the offices of the Houston Pipe Line Colnpany in the ScanlanBuilding next (lay an additional $2,000,000 expenditure was authorized for the immediate constructionof an 80 mile extension to the Cole-Bruni, Carolina-Tex. and other gas fields of the Laredo section.

The survey of this line has now been completed, most of the pipe has been rolled by the NationalTube Company and shipments are going steadily forward to this last division of the longest and largesthigh pressure natural gas line ever lmilt in so short a time. The extension will be ’completed about "mid-summer and marks one of the most important industrial undertakings that the southwestern part -"of the United States has witnessed in recent years.

When completed the line will tap the six large south Texas gas fields and will have in sight afour or five years developed supply of natural gas notwithstanding this great pipe line svstem will .handle around 25,000,000,000 to 30,000,000,000 feet of gas annually and nearly double this amount whencompressor station of around 25,000 horse power will have been completed at an additional outlay of$4,000,® to $5,(X)0,000.

Not for two or three years will it be realized what an important part is being played in the rapid :and steady development of a Greater Houston by the Houston Oil Company and its subsidiary the Hous- :ton Pipe Line Company, 3’el cheap fuel is now and will c o n tin u e to accelerate Itouston’s steadily :lengthening industrial pay roll by the enlargement of present factories and bringing others here, su’ch :as machine and tool steel foundries, glass works and many others that are attracted by an abundanceof natural gas fuel and because no other fuel can be used as successfully as gas for certain industries. "

The chief importan’ce of the new extension is the fact that this line now extends around 150 miles "from Houston before reaching the great south Texas gas belt and with this extension the line will pass :

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Engineering Feat on Houston Ship Channel

(Photo Courtesy Houston Chronicle)

Pulling Six Ten-lnch Welded Gas Lines Across 2,600Feet of Navigable Waterway

HOUSTON PIPE LINE COMPANYWholesalers of Natural Gas

Scanlan Building" HOUSTON, TEXAS

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through the full length of this gas area for an added distance of 150 miles and will be ready to receivegas from new fields in this immense gas belt as rapidly as they are discovered.

Plants now receiving gas from the lines of the Houston Pipe Line Company are, The Texas Gulf "Sulphur Colnpany at Gulf, Matagorda County, Texas, Sugar Land Industries 18 miles west of Houston. "The Houston I,ight and Power Company at its Deep Water Plant 8 miles east of Houston, The Galena -"Signal Oil Refinery on the north side of the Houston ship channel just opposite the plant of The Light :and Power Company, the Baytown Refinery of the Humble Oil and Refining Company and recentlyThe Texas Chemical Company at Manchester within the corporate limits of Harrisburg, The exclusiveRiver Oaks residential section just outside of the city limits of Houston has been using natural gasfrom these lines since March 1 and other additions are being steadily added. Beeville, Victoria andother cities along or near the main trunk pipe line will soon be using gas from this line.

Some of the large industries located on Houston’s ocean canal have for the past three months usednatural gas for fuel. At present four large industries are burning over 45,000,000 cubic feet daily whichhas in the past required more than 75,000 barrels of oil dailv to furnish the same amount of heat.

Natural gas has not only proven more efficient and easier to maintain a steady high heat but hasproven to be from 25~. to 3"3 1-3~ cheaper with the result that industries that ha~.’e tried natural gasfuel are wanting a greater amount than stipulated in the five year contracts and are eliminating all otherfuels. The five year contract feature has had a wonderful industrial stabilizin G effect.

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An old slogan of the gas manufacturers is doubly true, where natural gas is available in enormousquantities : ~"

"If it is done with heat gas will do it better." "

The quality of natural gas cominG to Houston from the distant south Texas gas field contains ap-proximately twice as many heat units per cubic foot as does the average manufactured gas and is sold -"at a price far cheaper than the cost of manufacturinG artificial gas. -"

This fuel advantage will be quickly realized and will draw to this section in the next few vears manyadditional large and small manufacturing concerns. Houston’s water and rail road transportation ad-vantages are well known in the United States and to many foreign countries, and with this third ad-vantage over most all other industrial cities it is only necessary for the commercial world to learn thatHouston is being supplied with ahnost an unlimited quantity of natural gas by a company financiallystrong enough to double, when needed, the present large 18 inch high pressure line and can meet thedemand of the rapidly growing industries now here and those that will steadily he attracted just assoon as they become acquainted with the real advantages offered to factories located on the HoustonShip Channel.

Never before has the engineering world known as comprehensive an initial undertaking as thatof the Houston Pipe Line Company. "

The original plans of this company called for a $10,000,000 400 mile high pressure natural gas lineI

the greater portion of which is 16 and 18 inch steel line built to work at a pressure of 500 pounds. -"Though the first joint of pipe for this great line was laid as recently as June 1, 1925, yet by Sep- "

tember 10, 1925, industrial gas was being delivered at the rate of a half billion feet monthly and on .-February 23, 1926, a little more than 50,000,000 feet was delivered in the 24 hours period.

Over a billion feet was delivered to five industries during the month of March, for the month of lMay six industries will take from the lines of the Houston Pipe Line Company fully a billion and ahalf cubic feet of gas and this within one year afterthe first joint of pipe was laid at a point 220 milesfrom some of these great industrial power plants.

South Texas will furnish an abundance of gas for this immense line for 15 to 25 years or longer --and years before this gas supply is exhausted the Intra-coastal Canal will be completed and cheap water .-transported ’coal can then supply Great industries located here also. _.

The illustration on preceding page shows the drawing of six 10 inch welded lines across the HoustonShip Channel a half mile above Bavtown the latter part of March.

This is said to be the largest anal deepest pipe line crossing of an ocean going waterway known to "

the engineering world. -"The two nest of six 10 inch pipes pulled to the center of the water way from the north and south -

shores weighed more than 1,000,000 pounds. _.With the welding together of these lines in mid-stream and lowering to the bottom of the previ- .-

ously dredged 2600 foot cross ’channel ditch, of which 500 feet was dredged to a depth 45 feet belowsea level, brought to a successful conclusion Houston’s third greatest industrial asset, the completion "of the Houston Pipe Line Company’s 320 re.fie pipe line system extending to the developed gas fieldsof Live Oak and Refugio counties in south Texas. ."

More than 50,000 tons of 12, 16 and 18 inch high pressure steel gas mains were used and required; __.2,¢)00 railroad cars to haul the steel tubes from the eastern mills.

Besides the three lines crossing to the north side of the upper channel and the six lines laid to the1

north side at Baytown on the lower channel, eight other rivers were crossed and many smaller streams,1rice fields and swamps.

The recently authorized extension to the Laredo Gas section will require another 10,000 tons of -"steel pipe and will use about 500 additional cars to complete delivery. --

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Port Commission Public Grain Elevator. To be completed June 1, 1926.

PORT HOUSTON BECOMES A WORLD GRAINSHIPPING PORT

By Geo. S. Colby, Superintendent, Grain Elevator Department.

=-- The Houston Port Commission Grain Elevator is owned and operated by the Board of Port Corn-_. missioners of Houston. "

a This Board has control of the commerce on the Houston Ship Channel for a distance of fifty miles =*

= from the Gulf to the Harbor. o

" The New Concrete Elevator is located oll the north side of the Turning Basin and will be prepared .=" t~. function June the 1st, 1926, as a safe inland harbor grain terminal. The Elevator is reached direct by := all Houston lines with their own rails, through their combined terminal known as the Port Terminal= Raih’oad Association.

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-" The Port Terminal Association provides impartial, efficient, unified and economical receipt and de-= livery service which, by its operation, provides each rail line direct access to the Grain Elevator and all.- other public wharves, docks and terminal facilities. -"

"* The storage capacity of the Grain Elevator is one million bushels. There is also space allotted for-" as much additional storage extension as future business may justify. _--" The unloading capacity of the Elevator is 200,000 bushels per ten hour day from cars. This being --" the only Elevator in the South equipped with an automatic Ottumwa Car Unloader. ].oading to ships can" be made at the rate of 50,000 bushels per hour.1

The New Port Commission Grain Elevator is concrete, fireproof, modern and of latest up-to-datepattern, electrically driven and operated.

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Elevator equipment consists of the following:l

Track Storage facilities immediately adjacent to the Public Elevator have been provided bv the Port; Commission to accommodate about 3.500 cars, which is in addition to the large and adequate yard ter- :

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minal facilities provided by each road haul line. The Public Elevator tracks are so arranged that the --"inbound loaded cars will never be interfered with by the outbound empty cars. "

¯ 2 Shipping Legs, 25,000 bushels each. --"2 Receiving Legs, 25,000 bushels each. -"

1 Dryer Leg, 1,000 Bushels per hour.2 Conveyor Gallery shipping belts 42 inch.2 Receiving Conveyor belts 42 inch.

=ffi-" Unloading Sinks, with interlocking device, equipped with positive electrical control.

Fairbanks Registering Beam Type Hopper Scales, 25,000 Bu. Cap. "; Ellis Dryer, 1,000 bushels per hour. --"

Monitor Oat Clipper, 1,200 bushels per hour.Monitor Separator, 4,000 bushels per hour.

1 Automatic Car Dumper.1 Power Shovel.

Dust Collectors.

Electric power is used for the entire operation of the plant and each unit is operated independent.

In addition the plant is equipped with telephones throughout the plant and pneumatic tube fromloading shed to scale floor and foreman’s office.

INSPECTION AND WEIGHING

The Houston Merchants Exchange will be the sole Agency located at the Port of Houston chargedwith the duties of ~_nspecting and certificating all grain in conformity with the U. S. Grain StandardsAct. All weighers have been carefully selected as to competency, honesty and experience. PhvsicalCondition Reports will be furnished covering each and every car. Mr. Jno. H. Upschulte, Chief GrainInspector, is widely known and experienced, having been connected with Inspection Departments forthe past 33 years.

Houston the farthest inland port towards the grain fields of the Southwest and Middle \Vest, isserved by more direct trunk lines than any port city west of the Mississippi River, and also served bysteamship lines reaching world ports, thereby occupying a natural and geographic location where rail andwater transportation meet for handling of the grain business of the west, presented a need for con-struction of a public grain elevator as an aid and assistance to the grain producers and exporters havingneed for direct, economical and expeditious handling of grain and grain products.

Recognizing these necessities and the advantages thereunder when properly and economically handledand developed for the benefit of tim interior shipper, the Port Commission, rail, steamship and otherinterests have provided adequate facilities at Houston to take care of and dispatch any grain that maybe offered.

By reason of lesser distances and shorter time in transportation to Houston from points on the Mis-souri 1River and west, the new facilities at Houston offer not only expedited movement, but opportun-it)i for increased car supply by reason of prompt return of cars for reloading in the grain fields.

~Titla this elevator ready to operate June 1st, and with fifty steamship lines entering the port andreaching all the important grain using ports of the world it is expected that this will soon become one ofthe most important grain export markets of the United States.

Cable and Telegraphic Address "Terminal" Houston=ffi

i The Texas Transport & Terminal Company:

(Incorporated)

-" Regular Steamship Service to the Principal Ports in Europe and the Orient [OFFICES:

AGENTS: New York, N.Y. _.-" Cotton Exchange Compagnie Generale Transatlantique (French Line) Philadelphia, Pa.

Baltimore, M.D. ="; Building Holland-America Line Savannah, Ga. .’ HOUSTON Navigazione Alta Italia (Creole Line) New Orleans, La.

: TexasToyo Kisen Kaisha (Oriental S. S. Co.) Galveston, Texas

"Head" Line and "Lord" Line Houston, Texas -: San Francisco, Cal.: Compagnie Transatlantique Belge Dallas, Texas -"

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Cotton Seed Cake and Meal ExportsBy Edmund Pincoffs, Vice Pres., Maurice Pincoffs Co., Houston, Texas.

(HOUSTON--The largest port in the exportation of Cottonseed Cake and Meal.).i

Due to the fact that Texas is by far the largest cotton growing state in the Union, and due to thedistance from the mill points in Texas to the domestic consuming centers in the North and East, a verylarge movement has existed for many years in Cottonseed cake and meal, for export out of the portsof Houston and Galveston.

The foreign buyers have always preferred cake and meal produced in Texas because of its higherpercentage of protein as compared with the cottonseed cake and meal produced in the Mississippi Valleyand the Southeastern States.

Prior to the world war Germany bought tremendous quantities of Texas cottonseed meal, but since thewar, due to her crippled financial position, her purchases have not been as large as before, though dur-ing the past season her demands have increased and it is thought that as she returns more to normala larger market will again be found in Germany.

Denmark, the premier dairying country of Europe, has always been a very heavy consumer ofAmeri’can cottonseed cake. The quantities shipped to Denmark vary from year to year. The Danes buywhatever oilcakes figure the cheapest for their use, and in years when America produces a large cropof cotton and therefore has a large export surplus of cottonseed cake, with resulting lower prices, a bigbusiness is usually done with Denmark. However, there are many other competing feeds used by the==Danes, su’ch as sunflower cake which comes from Russia, peanut cake from India and France, copra

’ cake from India and the Phillipines, and other miscellaneous oilcakes.: There is also a market abroad for cottonseed meal in the United Kingdom and in Norway, but: these markets, while quite important at times, are very small as compared to the Danish market and: the German market in prewar days.: The same features of competition with foreign oil cakes exists in all European markets.: Texas, as stated before, has always been the source of a large percentage of ’cottonseed cake and: meal that moves for export, but Houston has only recently become the port through which most of ..- this tonnage now moves. This change is due primarily to the fact of her geographical location.

Prior to 1923, group freight rates existed from Texas common points which placed Galveston and Hous-ton on a parity on all points over 280 miles joint mileage or 320 miles single line mileage, which meant .that from the greatest portion of the State Cottonseed cake and meal could move as well through Gal- lveston as through Houston, and prior to this time, due to the freight situation and the fact that Hous-ton was not as yet fully developed as a port, Galveston handled by far the greater portion of the -"tonnage.

During 1923 a strict mileage basis of rates was pronmlgated and immediately the Galveston inter- "ests complained to the Interstate Commerce Commission that this basis of rates was unduly preferen- :

: tial to Houston. In March of this year this complaint was dismissed and therefore we can be sure that =-: in future Houston will continue to hold supremacy over all ports for the exportation of cottonseed cake :: and meal.: To give a brief idea of what this business amounts to, you will note the following’ table showing ..- exports of cottonseed cake and meal during the seasons 1922-23 to 1925-26, out of Galveston and out: of Houston. From this it will be seen that the total exports for the first seven months of the 1925-26 -"

season, ending February 28, out of Houston alone were 225,094,257 pounds, equivalent to 112,547 tons,while the total exports for the entire United States for this same period of seven months was 291,- "-

" 646 tons, showing that 38~ percent of the total tonnage of cottonseed cake and meal exported moved --"out of Houston. In comparison to this, during the first seven months ending Feb. 28th, 1925, the .

: total t0hnage of cottonseed cake and meal exported from the entire United States was 358,718 tons _.: of which 117,100 tons or about 32~ percent moved through Houston. The reason for the decrease.. in tonnage this season is due to the fact that a great deal of the seed crushed was damaged and had

to be sold to the fertilizer industry in this country, and also because Russian sunflower cakes and "other oilcakes abroad have been selling this season at a very low level. ="

Statement showing exports of Cottonseed Cake and meal from Houston and Galveston during the -’-==

seasons of 1922-23; 1923-24; 1924-25; and the first seven months of 1925-26.I

: HOUSTON GALVESTON: 1922-23 ................................... 76,318,516 pounds 191,397,595 pounds

1923-24 .................................... 99,552,847 pounds 97,340,482 pounds ----: 1924-25 .................................... 280,850,878 pounds 200,818,345 pounds ---: 1925-26 (first 7 months) ...................... 225,094,257 pounds 36,055,800 pounds ._

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: 681,816,498 pounds 585,613,222 pounds .-=-

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There is also a considerable movenlent of cottonseed cake and meal out of the ports of New (.)1"-leans, Gulfport, Mobile and Savannah. Generally speaking, this movement is not large as compared toTexas but in certain seasons when a very heavy crop is raised in the territory, tributary to these partsthe movement naturally increases.

During the season now drawing to a close, due to the drouth area in the Central part of Texas, :the tonnage shipped out of Houston was not as great as it would ordinarily be. .~

From a steamship man’s point of view, cottonseed t:ake and meal are not very great revenue pro- ;ducers but they fill a great lack in the steamship business of dead weight. Naturally the cargo which _.pays the steamship lines best is cotton but it is usually not practical to ship cotton in full cargo lots .and a cargo consisting of ’cottonseed cake or meal and cotton is a better combination from the point of thesteamship line, although his principal revenue comes from the cotton he carries. --"

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Cottonseed cake is exported very largely in full cargo lots to Denmark, usually being shipped intramp steamers carrying from 2000 to 5000 tons and discharging at from two to five different portsin Denmark.

zRegular liners running to Danish ports usually require a minimum of 1000 tons to go to an out-

side Danish port, and as tim ’consumption of this commodity is largely in these outside ports, the Danish "business has to be handled in large size contracts. ~"

A good deal of cottonseed cake is shipped to Hamburg and to Bremen, in small parcels of 100 to200 tons and’is transhipped from these ports by small vessels carrying only 100 to 200 tons each, to "-some of the smaller Danish ports. -.

The business in cottonseed meal is done almost entirely in parcel lots, seldom in full cargoes. --German buyers require meal that has been bolted, that is to say it has to be ground almost to the _.t:onsistency of flour. \:ery few oil mills are equipped to manufacture meal in this way so that we andother exporters have erected grinding plants to satisfy, this trade.

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-" A PLANT that offers you ECONOMY in the handling and storing of cotton. Prompt shipments--every safeguard against~- the elements and courteous, prompt information regarding the status of your shipments on request.

Equipped with TWO WEBB ItlGH DENSITY COMPRESSES, The TURNING BASIN C()MPI{ESS COMPANY in position to handle vast amounts of cotton with speed and dependability.

-- SEVENTEEN RAILROADS serve this plant through the Public Belt Line arrangement.° TURNING BASIN COMPRESS

looa COTTON EXCHANGE On The Ship Channel HOUSTON, TEXASi PHONE: PR ESTON-3768.=

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