ASSALAMUALAIKUM

SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT

Of SCIENCE

Made By:Shumaila Naeem

SONAR

SOund Navigation And Ranging

Types of SONARActive sonar creates a pulse of sound, often called a "ping", and then listens for reflections of the pulse. To measure the distance to an object, one measures the time from emission of a pulse to reception. To measure the bearing, one uses several hydrophones, and measures the relative arrival time to each in a process called beam forming. 

Passive sonar listens without transmitting. It is usually employed in military settings, although it is occasionally used in science applications

Active sonar

Passive sonar

ApplicationsMaping underwa

Calculating water depthUsed to detect icebergs

Locate sinkin shipsAnd fishes

To detect submarines

To detect submarines

Mapping underwater

features

Calculating Underwater

depth

To locate sunken ships and fishes

Used to detect icebergs

How do you use sonar to

determine the depth of the ocean?AN APPRATUS called sonar is used to locate underwater objects and to find the depth of water.it sends out high frequency sound vibrations called ultrasonic viberations,into the water. The time taken by the vibrations to return is then used to calculate the distance of the reflecting surface.

When ultrasonic waves is transmitted through water, it is reflected by the object in the water and will produce an echo

signal. By noting the time interval between the generation of the us pulse and the reception of the echo signal, the distance of the object can be easily calculated.

PRINCIPLE

http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/mitikiripraveen-105207-sonar-physics-science-technology-ppt-powerpoint/

www.history.navy.mil

http://wiki.answers.com/Q/How_do_you_use_sonar_to_determine_the_depth_of_the_ocean

http://servingstrong.typepad.com/main/2009/08/use-your-sonar.html

BIBLIOGRAPHY

JAZAKALLAH