15/30/2016

New Multifunctional Antiscalant for Reverse OsmosisS. Sujandi, F. Edwie

BASF South East Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore

EDS Conference, Rome, Italy, 22-26 May 2016

1

Water ResourceHow Much Water Do We Have?

25/30/2016

Salt water

97.5%

Fresh water

2.5%

Frozen Fresh

Water

Ground &

Surface water

70% 30%

Water Supply & Demand Balance 2030Km, based on 154 basins/regions

900

600

3.500

700

4,200

Agriculture

Industry

Municipal &

Domestic

Surface

Water

Ground

Water

Existing

accessible,

sustainable

supply

2030

withdrawals

6,900

4,500

1,500

Existing

withdrawals

4,500

3,100

800

-39%2%

CAGR

2010-30

Only 0.76% of earth water is

accessible ground water and

surface water

Source: EV/BS, ZZS forecast, UN, Lux Research

Global Water Resource

Ground water depletion and surface

water pollution limits availability

Water resources are unevenly distributed

and often inaccessible

2.3 billion people live in water stressed regions

300 million people in 150 countries use desalinated water

Desalinated water production: 75 million m3/day

of which 47 million m3/day (~63%) produced via RO

Feed water sources: 59% seawater; 22% brackish water, 9% river

water, 6% waste water, 4% pure water

Socio-economic megatrends (population growth, urbanization,

industrialization and resource contamination) will drive 53% increase

in global water consumption by 2030

35/30/2016

Sources: Shiklomanov & UNESCO, 1999 & DesalData 2015

Water DesalinationSome Facts

Pre-treatment protects RO membranes and improves productivity

RO DesalinationImportance of Pre-treatment

45/30/2016

Antiscalant

Permeate

High

Pressure

Pump

RO Membrane(1 or 2 stages)

RO ProcessPre-Treatment

Filter

Physical & Chemical Functions

Coagulation

Flocculation

Sedimentation

Antiscaling

Seperation / salt rejection

Brine

Mode of Action & Problems

Water flow

Problems

Concentration polarization

Membrane scaling & fouling

RO DesalinationWhy Does It Need Multifuntional Antiscalant?

55/30/2016

Ca2+

Mg2+

Ba2+

Fe / Mn / Al

Silicates

Dissolved organic

matters (DOM)

Dissolved minerals

HCO3-

CO3-

SO42-

NO3-

PO43-

Biological matters

Feed

WaterSuspended matters

Typical Feed Water Composition Main scale & fouling problems

Mn foulingFe fouling

CaCO3 scaling Damage

CaCO3, CaSO4, silica &

Ca3(PO4)2 scalings

Colloidal & Fe/ Mn foulings

Membrane damage by high

differential pressure

RO DesalinationHow Does Scale Form?

65/30/2016

A B C

D

E

Temperature

Concentr

ation

Under-

saturation

Inverse solubility salt

(e.g. CaCO3)

Nucleation

& crystal

growth

Super-

saturation

RO desalination process drives the water system to scaling region

Multifunctional Antiscalant for ROHow Does It Work?

75/30/2016

A B C

D

E

Temperature

Concentr

ation

Inverse solubility salt

(e.g. CaCO3)

Mere surface effects: Crystallization inhibition and particles dipersion

Threshold inhibition

Crystal modification & dispersion

ExperimentalStatic and Dynamic Test Methods

85/30/2016

Laboratory Jar / beaker Test:

Simulating Crystallizations and

Particles Deposition

Crystal inhibition test

Particle dispersion test

Laboratory Flat Sheet RO Test:

Simulating the Dynamic of a Real RO

Desalination Plant

Flat-sheet RO test rig

Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFPerformance vs. Benchmark

95/30/2016

Very low phosphorus content

(< 50 g P/L vs. 1500 g P/L for

ATMP @ 5 ppm dose & 75% Rec.)

A multifunctional antiscalant to

handle multiple scale potentials

Outperforms competitor product in

CaSO4, BaSO4 & Ca-PO4

inhibitions, and iron control.

Performs at the same level as

Polymaleate/Phosphonate blend in

CaCO3 inhibition

Laboratory Jar / beaker Test Results

Designed to control inorganic scales, iron fouling and colloidal/silt deposition

0

100

CaCO3 inhibition(pH 8.2, 24hrs, 40 C)

CaSO4 inhibition(pH 8.1, 3 hrs, 40 C)

BaSO4 inhibition(pH 8.0, 4 hrs, 60 C)

Ca-PO4 inhibition(pH 7.8, 17 hrs, 40 C)

Fe(III) Stabilization(pH 8.1, 2 hrs, 40 C)

Fe2O3 dispersion(1 hr, RT)

Colloidal/Silt Dispersion

Sokalan RO 3500 Benchmark productSokalan RO 3500

Laboratory RO Flat-Sheet Test RigTwo Possible Experiment Modes

105/30/2016

Feed

Vessel

Pump

RO Membrane

Concentrate

Permeate

Heat

exchanger

ValveContinuous permeate withdrawal

mode: Study the maximum water

recovery achievable with an

antiscalant

Permeate and concentrate

recirculation mode: Study water

system stabilization at constant

recovery by an antiscalant

115/30/2016

Species ppm

Ca 128

Mg 118

Na 806

K 37

Sr 1.5

HCO3 1162

SO4 425

Cl 859

TDS 3537.5

pH 8.2

Anti-

scalant8

Temp 30 oC

Continuous permeate

withdrawal mode

Higher water recovery with Sokalan RO 3500 -

Control higher maximum LSI (3.09 vs. 3.05)

Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFControl High LSI

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

40% 45% 50% 55% 60% 65% 70% 75%

Rela

tive

No

rma

lize

d P

erm

ea

bilit

y (

PR/P

o)

Water Recovery

Sokalan RO 3500

Benchmark

Sokalan RO 3500

125/30/2016

Species mg/l

Ca 204

Mg 14.8

Na 1404

K 99.2

Fe 1.2

HCO3 242

SO4 504

PO4 20

F 28

Cl 2211.2

TDS 4680.4

pH 7.8

Temp 30 oC

Recovery 75%

RO 3500 3.3 @ feed

Recirculation exp. mode

Sokalan RO 35000%

10%

20%

30%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

blank

Time (hour)

% F

e p

rec

ipit

ate

d

Sokalan RO 35000%

10%

20%

30%

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

% P

O4

pre

cip

ita

ted

blank

Time (hour)

Iron fouling control

Ca-PO4 scale control

Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFEffective Against Iron and Ca-PO4

Sokalan RO 3500 practically stabilizes Fe and PO4 in

feed solution

Sokalan RO 3500

Sokalan RO 3500

Sokalan RO Xpert from BASFProprietary Software for RO Desalination

135/30/2016

Consider ion pairs interaction among all cations and anions present in feed water.

Use free concentration of cation and anion to calculate scaling indices.

Allow precise product selection & dosage calculation for specific feed water.

[Cation]free = [Cation]bulk [Cation]ion pair

[Anion]free = [Anion]bulk [Anion]ion pair

Sokalan RO Xpert is fully available for partners and customers

Do

se

re

co

mm

en

dati

on

Saturation indice

Expon.(Datenreihen1)

Expon.(Datenreihen2)

Bulk concentration

Free concentration

Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFPilot Trial SWRO Desalination, Spain

145/30/2016

Pilot operation : started on Sep 4th, 2015

Feed water flow: 7.8 m3/hr; pH 8.1

Recovery : 45%

RO membranes : Hydranautics SWC4B MAX

Sokalan RO 3500 antiscalant dosing

started on Oct 20th 2015 at dosage =

1.0 ppm. The pilot plant has been

running smoothly since then.

Prior to Sokalan RO 3500 dosing,

the pilot plant was dosed with

phosphonate polycarboxylate based

antiscalant at dosage = 1.2 ppm.

Feedwater untreated

Treated with Sokalan RO 3500

Sokalan RO 3500 offers higher performance at lower dosage

Sokalan RO 3500 from BASFSummary

Modified polycarboxylate with very low phosphorus content

(< 50 g P / L vs. 1500 g P / L for ATMP @ 5 ppm dose rate & 75% recovery)

Multifunctional scale inhibitor for line operation at high recovery rates

Inhibits RO membrane scaling caused by the following: Calcium Carbonate,

Calcium Sulfate, Barium Sulfate, Calcium Phosphate, Calcium Fluoride

Excellent prevention against iron fouling

Excellent dispersant properties to prevent colloidal and silt depositions

Provide standard silica scale inhibition under published laboratory method

Best in class antiscalant for water reuse / tertiary effluent application - providing

protection against iron fouling and Ca-phosphate scaling

Outperforms phosphonate-based antiscalants

Dose rate prediction by using Sokalan RO Xpert software from BASF

155/30/2016

Designed to control inorganic scales, iron fouling and colloidal/silt deposition

INTERNAL