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TRANSCRIPT
Soil and Vegetation in Canada
All definitions are in BLUETake NOTES, summarize when necessary and put
things in your own words
Learning Target:
• Today I will learn about the soil and natural vegetation regions in Canada
• I will define the terms associated with soil and natural vegetation
Components of Soil:• Soil is made up of the following 4 ingredients:1. MINERALS: are nutrients that plants need to grow
(Examples – Calcium, phosphorus and potassium)2. BACTERIA AND ORGANIC MATERIALS: these provide
more nutrients and hold the moisture for plants.3. AIR4. MOISTURE OR WATER
• If one of the above is missing, than the material cannot be considered soil
• How will you remember this? Create an acronym!• BAMM = Bacteria and Organic Materials, Air, Moisture,
Minerals
TWO TYPES OF SOIL:
• There are two main types of soil
• PODZOLS: found in areas covered by forests
• CHERNOZEMS: found in areas covered by grasslands
Canada has 6 Soil Regions
1. Tundra
2. Podzols
3. Brown Earths
4. Chernozems
5. Chestnut
6. Mountain
• Refer to page 43 of your textbook.
• What type of soil is in our province?
Vegetation in Canada
Natural Vegetation:
plants that grow without human intervention
There are three types of natural vegetation in Canada
Tundra
• TUNDRA: areas where trees do not grow well, covered by small plants and shrubs
• Examples: permafrost, small shrubs, mosses, lichen.
Grasslands
• GRASSLANDS: areas covered by grass
• Examples: short-grasses, cactus, long-grass, prairie, trembling aspen, willow spruce
Forests
• FORESTS: area filled with a high density (a lot) of trees
• There are three types of Forest in Canada (Coniferous, Deciduous, and Temperate)
TREES:
• There are two types of trees, deciduous and coniferous trees
DECIDUOUS TREES:
Broad leaf trees that lose their leaves in the winter, e.g. Maple, poplar, and white birch
Canada has different Vegetation Regions:
1. Tundra
2. Coniferous Forest
3. Temperate Forests
4. Prairie
5. Deciduous Forest
• Refer to page 40 of your textbook
Something that will make you go hmmm....
• “if you climb up a mountain, you will find a similar sequence of vegetation to that you would find if you travelled from southern Canada to the high Arctic.”
• WHY?
Ecozones:
• Landform, climate, vegetation, and soil regions together with the people and animals that live in them form a new kind of region called an ECOZONE
• An ecozone is areas that has a unique combination of natural and human characteristics
Using your textbook:
• Put the following definitions in your Geography Glossary:
• Natural Vegetation, 3 types of Natural Vegetation (TUNDRA, GRASSLANDS, FORESTS)
• DECIDUOUS TREES and CONIFEROUS TREES
• Complete page 28 for workbook using page 40 of your textbook
• Once your done, you can work on your PT
Performance Task
• Landform Regions
• Climate Characteristics (use the data from yesterday)
– January Temperature
– July Temperature
– Annual Rainfall
– Important Climate Factors: (LOWERN)
• Natural Vegetation (use the data from today)
• Soils (use the data from today)
• Interesting Place in Province