American Value SystemChapter 3, Section 1

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Traditional American Values• Personal Achievement• Individualism• Work• Morality and Humanitarianism• Efficiency and Practicality• Progress and Material Comfort• Equality and Democracy• Freedom• Religious value• Romance• Education

Read the following article: “American Values”

Then, discuss with a partner, do you agree or disagree. Think about real life examples. We will share out with the whole group.

Are our values changing?• Does self-fulfillment cause a shift in values?

– A commitment to the full development of one’s personality, talents, and potential

Read article on page 47: 1) Which issues concern you the most and why? 2) Do your values differ from your parents’ values? How?

Does self-fulfillment breed narcissism?- extreme self-centeredness

Can this happen to an entire nation? ---is this an MTV mentality?---how do advertisements CONTROL the American

population?

Chapter Three, Section 2 Goals

• To identify how the norms of society are enforced

• To describe the differences between positive and negative sanctions and between formal and informal sanctions

Social ControlChapter three, Section 2

• Internalization: process by which a norm becomes a part of an individual’s personality

• Sanction: a reward or punishment used to enforce conformity to norms

• Positive sanction: to reward a behavior • Negative sanction: punishment or threat of punishment

used to enforce conformity• Formal sanction: reward or punishment given by formal

organization• Informal sanction: spontaneous expression of approval or

disapproval given by an individual or a group • Social Control: enforcing of norms through internal or

external means--can we survive without one?

Chapter Three, Section 3 Goals

• To identify and describe the main sources of social change

• To describe the factors the lead people to resist social change

Social ChangeChapter three, section three

• We know that cultures do change. I wonder what makes them change?

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Values and Beliefs• Ideology - system of beliefs or ideas that

justify interests of society– Who decides the ideology of a nation?– What ideologies have we now termed inefficient

or morally wrong? – How has TV depicted that?

• Social Movement - long term conscious effort to promote or prevent social change– Peace movement, women’s rights, gay rights

movement, civil rights movement, green movement

– How do these “movements” look?

Technology

• Discovery and Invention:– Oil – Micro-waves– Others?

Population

• A change in size of population can bring change!– How? Examples? Diversity in America?

Number of children per family?

Diffusion

• “borrowing” from other societies– What examples are here in Senegal?– In America?

– Sushi, sesame street, soft drinks, religions?

The Physical Environment• Natural disasters can cause social and

cultural change– Katrina, the dust bowl, hybrid cars

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Wars and Conquests• Affects social, culture, economy

– 9/11, Desert Storm, Vietnam, the Iraqi War

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Resistance to Social Change

• Why might cultural change be opposed?

-ethnocentrism: “buy american”

-cultural lag: time to change - computers in classrooms, breaking norms(summer breaks)

-vested interests: lobbyists, coporations, ENRON