socially sustainable development, may 2002 responsive, reliable, resilient social aspects of...

Socially Sustainable Development, May 2002

Responsive, Reliable, Resilient

Social Aspects of Sustainable Development

Steen Lau JørgensenSocial Development Department

World Bank


Outline Concepts and Definitions Social Aspects of Sustainable

Development Strategic Directions for Social

Development


Concepts and Definitions

Social development means development of society

The goal of social development is a society that enables people, especially poor people, to take actions to help themselves

The social dimensions of development --EmpowermentInclusionSecurity

-- Help make societies more equitable, efficient and sustainable


Social Dimensions of Development Empowerment is the enhancement of assets

and capabilities of diverse individuals and groups so that they can engage, influence and hold accountable the institutions that affect their well being.

Social inclusion is the removal of institutional barriers and the enhancement of incentives to increase access of diverse populations to assets and development opportunities.

Security is the lowering of vulnerability through reducing risk, improving response to a shock and mitigating harm for better outcomes.


What Has This Got to Do With Governance?

Civil Society

Government

Communities

Private Sector

Governance

Inclusion


Why is attention to social dimensions

important?

Economic Dimensions

Social Dimensions

Two sides of the poverty reduction coin


Social Development Completesa Virtuous Circle of Equity and

Efficiency…

… that leads to sustainable poverty reduction

Economic Dimensions

Social Dimensions

Empowerment + Inclusion + Security

Participation + Inclusion

Investment Climate + Growth

Pro-poor Growth

Efficiency

Equity


And makes development

more sustainable

Responsive to poor peoples’ needs and aspirations, and the development contextReliable in efficiently delivering what it promises building social capitalResilient to shocks, providing lasting benefits

Economic Dimensions

Social Dimensions




Development


ResponsiveResponsiveDevelopment that reflects people’s

needs and aspirations – especially of poor and marginalized people

Actions:• Community-driven development• Participation and civic engagement:

voices and choices• Institutions that promote

empowerment, security and inclusion• Social analysis


ReliableReliableDevelopment that delivers the

goods and meets the aspirations of people

Actions:• Community-driven development• Social accountability• Social analysis


ResilientResilientDevelopment that withstands

shocks and negative trendsActions:

• Social risk analysis and mitigation• Conflict management


Integrating Social Aspects With Integrating Social Aspects With Rest of Sustainability DebateRest of Sustainability Debate

Why? Objective is sustainable livelihood

This requires addressing environmental and social interventions (social capital, inclusion, empowerment, security)


Sustainable improvements in livelihoods

Institutions:FAMILY

COMMUNITY

GOVERNMENT

MARKETS

H

F

PN

S

Assets and Institutions for Sustainability

Empo

werm

ent

Inclus

ion



How ? How ? (1)(1)

“Sugar on the spoon” approach:• Change processes to respond to

social sustainability agenda just enough to make the “environmental medicine” go down

• Consult key stakeholders, get experts to analyze potential social risks



How ? How ? (2)(2)

“Build my house of brick” approach: • Build environmental programs to

withstand winds of change by building social sustainability measures into environmental programs

• From consultation to participation, social accountability, participatory monitoring and evaluation, community voice and choice


Integrating Social Aspects with Integrating Social Aspects with Rest of Sustainability DebateRest of Sustainability Debate

How ? How ? (3)(3)

”Living Happily Ever After?” approach:• Develop policies that fully integrate the

economic, environmental and social aspects -- analyze trade-offs, weigh options, ensure transparency and accountability

• Build programs that integrate fully social and environmental concerns to get better livelihoods

• Support partnerships between gov’t, private sector, and civil society (including community groups)


Challenges of Integrating Social Challenges of Integrating Social Aspects With Rest of Aspects With Rest of Sustainability DebateSustainability Debate

Conceptual and analytical barriersLack of common understanding of the

meaning of “social” Insufficient articulation of “social

sustainability” in policy-making at the global level (e.g., MDGs)

Implementation issuesBetter coordination among policy-makers

to bridge environment and social issues “Do no harm” chilling effect – e.g., Rural

development




Development


Social Dimensions of Development

Empowerment is the enhancement of assets and capabilities of diverse individuals and groups so that they can engage, influence and hold accountable the institutions that affect their well being.

Social inclusion is the removal of institutional barriers and the enhancement of incentives to increase access of diverse populations to assets and development opportunities.

Security is the lowering of vulnerability through reducing risk, improving response to a shock and mitigating harm for better outcomes.


Ongoing Areas of Work by WB Social Development

Group Social Analysis - inclusion Civic engagement and participation –

empowerment and inclusion Community-driven development -

empowerment Conflict prevention and reconstruction-

security Social safeguards - security

Indigenous peoples, Resettlement


What have we done and how well?

Advocacy

Policy

Operations

Conflict Prevention

and Reconstruction

Civic Engagement Social Analysis

CDDGender

Safeguards


Successes Social safeguards successfully implemented Participation and civic engagement

mainstreamed at project level Social assessments in half of all operations Community-driven development 10-15% of

WB lending Poverty and social impact assessments,

participation and civic engagement all accepted in principle at policy/program level


Social Development Strategic Directions

Overview Directions for advocacy (not here) Directions for strategies, policies

and policy-based lending Directions for projects and programs Directions for research and

knowledge (not here)


In Strategies and Policies Building principles of CDD into appropriate strategies Promoting devolution of decision making Promoting access to information (and we should walk the

talk) Improving governance at the project and policy level

through participatory m&e and social accountability measures

Promoting legal and judicial reform for non-violent solutions

Including conflict resolution in CDD Helping to adjust reforms to minimize/manage social risk


In Projects and Programs: Social Dimensions as Ends in

ThemselvesEither new forms of projects or adjust existing types of projects and programs with social development core objectives

• Develop portfolio to promote empowerment, inclusion,

security• Promote local governance aspects in infrastructure, natural resource management and human development• Include measures to improve social accountability and transparency in public sector management projects


In Projects and Programs: Social Development As Means to Other

ObjectivesChanging the project preparation and implementation processes:

• Consider both formal institutions and informal behaviors and norms in project design and implementation • Include participation and civic engagement throughout project cycle• Base design on social analysis• Build community capacity in a learning by doing mode• Facilitating country leadership on safeguards agenda


Next StepsExternal and internal consultations on strategic

directions (ongoing)Regional strategies (ongoing)Conceptual framework, background, stocktaking

papers (underway)Inclusion of issues into WSSD process (prep com

NY, WSSD led by DFID)Drafting of strategy (ongoing)First draft of strategy to WB board (early 2003)Strategy with business plan to WB board (early

2004)

socially sustainable development, may 2002 responsive, reliable, resilient social aspects of...

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